Abstract: The invention is an improved inlet particle separator for removing extraneous matter from a stream of air directed into the engine's core section. The improved separator utilizes two stages of separation. The first stage is an axial flow separator for initially separating engine inlet air into a first flow of relatively contaminated air and a second flow of relatively clean air. This first stage of separation is accomplished by sharply turning the air flow radially inwardly so that the relatively dense extraneous matter continues in its original direction into a scavenge system. A second stage of separation is accomplished in the scavenge system and comprises a centrifugal separator that separates the first flow of air into third and fourth flows of relatively contaminated air for the purpose of protecting a blower that powers the flow through the scavenge system and which is in flow communication with only the relatively less contaminated fourth flow of air.

Abstract: An improved vapor-liquid separator having a vertically disposed conduit for flow of a mixture. A first, second and third plurality of curved arms penetrate and extend within the conduit. A cylindrical member is radially spaced from the conduit forming an annulus therewith and having perforations and a retaining lip at its upper end.

Abstract: A cyclone separator and an installation of such a separator in a processing vessel are set forth which conditions the inlet flow to prevent the depositing of particulates at the cyclone inlet. The separator is disposed in a cylindrical enclosure represented by the processing vessel. The enclosure has an inner surface and defines a chamber to receive the gas and entrained particulates. Disposed within the chamber is the smaller diameter cyclone separator having a cylindrical wall. To admit gas, the separator wall has an inlet, one side boundary of which is arranged tangential with the enclosure inner surface, the other side boundary being spaced from the surface to define an axially extending, scroll-shaped envelope between the enclosure inner surface, the cyclone wall and its inlet.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for separating, spreading and distributing a solid or liquid particulate material. The particulate material is pneumatically conveyed into a centrifugal chamber within a rotor (20) operatable by the flow of material for centrifugal separation of the particulate material. The terminal edge of the circumference of the centrifugal chamber serves as an overflow for establishing a buffer store and has a flow-retarding inwardly directed flange. A baffle may be provided around the terminal edge to intercept the material flung out and to conduct the material, via hopper-like flow-retarding recesses, to different outlets provided around the terminal edge.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for withdrawing with a minimum pressure loss a portion of a fluid flowing in a main line wherein the fluid comprises a vapor-liquid mixture. The apparatus uses a flow restriction in the main line with the portion being withdrawn from the low pressure area of the flow restriction. The flow restriction includes means for removing liquid from the flow and combining a metered amount of the liquid with the portion of the flow that is removed from the main line.

Abstract: An airflow particle separator for a gas turbine engine provided for removing foreign particles and moisture from the air flow. The separator comprises an inner wall and an outer wall defining a passageway therebetween, with the inner wall including an inlet portion diverging in a downstream direction away from the separator axis while converging towards the outer wall to form a throat to accelerate incoming air to a higher velocity in a substantially axial direction. The inner wall then converges towards the separator axis and diverges from said outer wall with a splitter ring disposed between the inner and outer walls for splitting said passageway into inner and outer passages, with the outer passage adapted to bypass moisture and foreign particles. The leading edge of the splitter ring is located downstream and inward of said throat.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for separating condensible vapors from a gas mixture. The apparatus may include an expansion chamber of circular cross section, one end of which terminates in a converging nozzle section; a tubular separator connected to the expansion chamber, the walls of which have perforations therein; and a diffuser chamber of circular cross section, the entrance of which is a diverging nozzle section. Relatively high pressure gas and condensible vapors are introduced into the expansion chamber for isentropic expansion, cooling and increase of velocity thereof by passing through the converging nozzle. The cooled gas and entrained liquids, resulting from the cooling thereof, are passed through the tubular member, the entrained liquids passing through the perforated wall thereof for separation from the gas. The gas from which the liquids have been separated are then isentropically compressed by passing through the diverging nozzle section for exhaust through the diffuser chamber.

Abstract: Compact gas-liquid separator comprising a cylindrical separation chamber including an inlet head and a degasifying vessel. The inlet head comprises an inlet tube supporting a nozzle positioned adjacent to the inner wall of a cover situated within the axis of the separation chamber. The cover includes a cylindrical portion closed by a convex cap and extends toward the bottom by a skirt closing the degasifying vessel and having openings. Within the axis of the nozzle the cylindrical portion has an opening of a diameter greater than that of the nozzle and is spaced from the nozzle. The cover includes a deflector having a central opening and being inclined with respect to the axis of the cylindrical portion of the cover and disposed within the axis of the nozzle. An outlet tube for the gas is positioned in the inlet head.

Abstract: An air cleaning device for use in connection with clean air usage such as with internal combustion engines or to provide cleaned air for ventilation purposes, the air cleaner device comprising a directional hood having a substantially unrestricted air intake and a short throat directional separation chamber into which incoming air is drawn and in which incoming contaminants and moisture are centrifuged by a multiplicity of directional vanes onto and along an adjacent baffle member leading to an annular discharge chamber through which a driven spinner assembly ejects contaminants and moisture through rearward facing ports and creating a relatively low to high pressure gradient into and through the discharge chamber with the pressure gradient increasing to accelerate the movement of the contaminants and moisture through the discharge chamber and through the discharge ports with the pressure of ejection being greater than the external ambient air pressure.

Abstract: A centrifugal separator for the separation of the liquid and gaseous phases of a mixture thereof, which separator has an upwardly diverging vortex section with a relatively small diameter inlet to produce a high centrifugal acceleration and a relatively large diameter outlet to produce a low vertical throughput velocity thereat to minimize reentrainment of the separated liquid back into the gaseous phase. The vortex section is preferably hyperbolically shaped to maximize the overall efficiency of the separator. An annular discharge lip extends outwardly from and then downwardly relative to the vortex section outlet for the discharge of separated liquid from the vortex section.

Abstract: An air cleaner comprising a housing, a plurality of tubular dust separator elements arranged in the housing for generally straight-through flow from one end of the housing to the other, the housing defining around the separator elements a dust collecting chamber. Each separator element has vanes for imparting spin to the air entering it and a circumferential exit of limited angular extent to the dust collecting chamber at a position where the air has substantial circumferential speed. The exits, the direction of spin, and baffles (if any) being arranged to avoid conflicting air flows in the chamber and to ensure that air movement in the chamber outside the exit is in the same direction as air movement within it. Preferably the separator elements impart left and right handed spin to air passing through them, with elements of opposite hand adjacent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a disposable lightweight filter assembly which has a high flow through capacity and which is adapted to be positioned in a relatively small inaccessible space. The assembly includes a cylindrical housing having an air outlet at one end, a plurality of air inlet apertures in the side wall thereof, an offset pleated hollow cone-shaped filter element positioned within the housing and a reuseable air inlet bonnet adapted to be releasably secured to the housing about the air inlet apertures therein for securement of the filter assembly to a hump hose or other air flow coupling. Additionally, the bonnet can include a tubular moisture separator entending from the upstream end thereof.

Abstract: Apparatus for the separaton of the liquid and vapor phases of a fluid incorporating an open ended cylinder in which are arranged blades. Each blade is in the form of a curvilinear triangular surface, whereof a first side contiguous with the cylindrical wall of the cylinder defines a helix whose axis coincides with the cylinder axis, an apex opposite to said first side is arranged substantially at the axis and the remaining sides define a leading edge substantially perpendicular to the cylinder axis and a trailing edge inclined with respect to said axis. A number of blades are joined together at their apices to define the blade arrangement within the cylinder.The invention also relates to a steam generator having an outer casing, a first circuit in which circulates a hotprimary fluid and a second circuit in which circulates a secondary fluid, whereby the latter incorporates at least one group of two separation apparatuses connected in series.

Abstract: A particulate separator of the concurrent flow type includes an inner cylinder mounted concentrically within a tapered conical outer cylinder which is closed at the outer return end. A fan unit is secured within the return end of the outer cylinder to draw air inwardly through the center cylinder, impart a centrifugal force thereon and imparting a tangential spin to the air moving outwardly and then rearwardly and back through the outer conical cylinder. The particulate matter within the fluid moves outwardly to the periphery of the outer cylinder as a result of centrifugal forces. The tangential spin imparted to the air cause the air to move in spiral return path with the conical cylinder establishing a decreasing cross section.

Abstract: Mixtures of gas and liquid are treated and separated within a housing containing one apparatus or a column containing a plurality of apparatuses where each apparatus contains a tubular wall defining an inner space and a surrounding outer space, inlet means for supplying a mixture of liquid and gas into the inner space, swirl-imparting means within the inner space for imparting a rotary motion to separate the mixture of liquid and gas and outlet means for separately discharging the liquid and gas.

Abstract: A steam separator (10) has a generally horizontal baffle plate (18) which separates the separator vessel (12) into an upper steam chamber (20) and a lower water chamber (22). The baffle plate (18) has a central opeing (51) which provides a flow passage to permit steam from the water chamber (22) to rise into the steam chamber (20). A steam outlet (28, 100) is connected to the vessel (12) for discharging steam from the steam chamber (20). The baffle plate (18) has a plurality of openings (62) at the periphery thereof, and each opening (62) has a scoop (60) associated therewith. Each scoop (60) extends over its respective opening (62) and faces in substantial opposition to the direction of motion of the swirling fluid to receive and direct the swirling fluid into the water chamber (22).

Abstract: An oil separator connected to a machine operating with pulsating compressed air for separating an oil mist which is otherwise expelled together with the air and is let out in the ambient atmosphere when the compressed air is drained from the machine, the oil separator consists essentially of a tube or hose open at each end and connected at one end to the air outlet of the machine operating with compressed air, a tubular scraper sleeve (3) coaxially mounted in said tube through the other end and spaced radially therefrom, said tubular scraper sleeve extending substantially inside said tube or hose and some distance outside said tube or hose thereby forming an annular space between the overlapping portions of said sleeve and said tube or hose thereby providing free flow areas in said tube or hose, said sleeve and the annular space between the tube or hose and the sleeve, said annular space being provided with a plurality of channels surrounding said scraper sleeve and opened at each end so as to permit free flo

Abstract: Apparatus and method for supplying clean air to a closed vehicle from an ambient source of air polluted with particulate matter. This is accomplished by drawing in air as a hollow cylindrical flow, converting it to the form of a flat sheet of air having components of motion radial and tangential with respect to an axis, deflecting the air by more than 90.degree. to convert it to a conical whirling flow tapering toward the axis while retaining the tangential component of motion, purging from the flow particulate matter discharged centrifugally at the site of the deflection, skimming the conical flow to remove successive outer portions thereof together with the particulate matter centrifugally displaced thereinto, again deflecting the flow by more than 90.degree.

Abstract: Swirl tube apparatus is provided for separating isotope or gas mixtures containing heavy and light gas fractions. A plurality of swirl chambers are provided which are disposed in facing aligned relationship with respect to adjacent chambers. The respective adjacent swirl chambers have at least one common extraction port for extracting one or the other of the gas fractions. In certain preferred embodiments, the swirl chambers are contained in static tubes, while other preferred embodiments includes rotatable gas bearing supported swirl tubes.

Abstract: A combined sound damper and oil trap for compressed air apparatus comprising an oil trap having a hose or tube (5) which is directly connected to the compressed air apparatus and which at the outer end thereof encloses a scraper sleeve (7), whereby a radial space is formed between the scraper sleeve (7) and the hose or tube. The hose or tube is connected to an oil collector housing (1) whereas the scraper sleeve (7) is connected to a pressure chamber (2) which in turn directly communicates with a filter housing (3) containing a sound damper. The said sound damper comprises both a diffusor plate (11) provided between the pressure chamber and the filter housing (3) and a filter (12) which is mounted at the outlet end of the filter housing. The diffusor plate (11) provides a damping of low frequency noise and a substantially even distribution of the outlet air over the entire diffusor plate, and the filter (12) provides both a separation of oil mist from the outlet air and a damping of high frequency noise.

Abstract: Dust separator for the separation of even fine dust particles from a flowing gaseous media whereby a swirling action is imparted to the gas through which the coarse dust portion is centrifuged and a free-running turbine wheel is rotated so that the fine dust particles are likewise centrifuged in the blade ring of the turbine wheel.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating almost all fine particles, including particles less than 10 microns in diameter, from a gas stream, which requires the input of only a small amount of water and which discharges a correspondingly small amount of particle-water slurry. The apparatus includes a vertical cylindrical chamber having a relatively wide upstream portion that gradually narrows in a transition portion into an elongated throat portion. A central core member extends axially along the throat portion and forms an elongated annular passage. A high velocity gas stream containing fine particles is generally tangentially introduced into the wide upstream portion of the conduit to provide a circulatory flow. Water is introduced through a plurality of parts in the transition portion downstream therefrom, to provide a thin layer of water along the outer walls of the throat.

Abstract: A centrifugal separator has an outer tube and an inner tube concentrically positioned therein, forming an annular gas inlet channel between the outer and inner tubes, and slots are defined in the inner tube to provide communication between this annular channel and the space within the inner tube. A collection chamber for collecting particulate matter and for allowing the flow of bleed gases is provided towards the bottom of the annular channel. Transverse discharge means communicate with the collection chamber for removing material therefrom. The separator includes at least one swirling vane for imparting swirling motion to gas flowing in the annular channel. Separation of particulate matter from the swirling gas due to centrifugal force occurs when the gas initially enters the annular channel and as the gas swirls within the annular channel.

Abstract: Swirl tube or chamber apparatus is provided for separating isotope or gas mixtures of a process gas having heavy and light gas fractions intermixed. This apparatus includes a swirl chamber having feed ports issuing tangentially thereinto for feeding processed gas to be effectively centrifuged in the swirl chamber. Extraction elements are provided for extracting the heavy gas fraction from the outer walls of the swirl chamber and for extracting the light gas fraction from the interior of the cylinder near the longitudinal axis thereof. The swirl chamber is a rotatably support chamber which is symmetrically configured with respect to its center. In particularly preferred embodiments, the process gas fed into the swirl chamber also serves to form a bearing cushion for the container, as well as for imparting driving forces to the container to rotate the same.

Abstract: In a tornado-flow vortex generator for separating particulates from gases, having a cylindrical vortex chamber, an inlet tube for raw gas coaxially disposed in the vortex chamber and terminating in a nozzle for providing an advance rotation in a flow of the raw gas therethrough, a hopper diaphragm surrounding the inlet tube and formed, in vicinity of the vortex-chamber casing, with an annular particulate-discharge slot communicating with a space within a hopper, a clean-gas outlet disposed in the vortex chamber spaced from and opposite the raw-gas inlet tube, an auxiliary-gas outlet surrounding the clean-gas outlet, and an auxiliary-gas inlet disposed at the vortex-chamber casing for blowing auxiliary gas into the vortex chamber at an inclination and tangentially to the casing thereof and connected by a blower to the auxiliary-gas outlet, the improvement includes a line having valve means and connecting the hopper space with a location of the vortex generator at which a pressure exists which is lower than the

Abstract: Jet engines can function properly even in conditions where liquid droplets are taken in by the compressor of the engine. However, where the droplets contain corrosive substances such as salts, damage can accrue not only through corrosion, but through build up of deposits spoiling the aerodynamic flow of air and gas through the engine. The risk of this ocurring is reduced by placing a vaned vortex generator in the intake and including on the flanks of its vanes, grooves which collect the droplets into coalesced streams and directs them to an area adjacent the intake wall. A flow splitter provides an annular, secondary outlet to dump the concentrated fluids.

Abstract: A vortical-type separator for removing from the gas stream suspended particulates present in the gas stream has an internally generated scavenging gas flow and a pulse jet system for cleaning scavenging gas filter elements. The separator has two or more conduits that are coaxially positioned with an annular clearance at their ends. A gas swirl device creates a swirling motion, causing heavier particulates to be discharged out the annular clearance or ejection port into a scavenging gas plenum. A flow path is created between the scavenging gas plenum and the outlet of the separator, with the pressure differential between the outlet and the ejection port causing scavenging gas to flow to the outlet. A frame is mounted in the flow path over which a bag filter is secured. The dust-laden scavenging gas flows through the bag filter and out the outlet. A nozzle is positioned at the mouth of the bag filter for periodically discharging a pulse of clean gas into the bag filter reverse to the flow of the scavenging gas.

Abstract: A uniflow cyclone separator for the removal of solid or liquid particles from a gas stream comprises a housing forming a flow path with a central body from which swirl-generating vanes extend outwardly. The housing is surrounded by a collection chamber and the vanes are formed with collection edges and channels which open through the housing wall into this chamber. Downstream of the swirl-generating vanes are outlet slots which are pitched substantially transverse to the cyclonic stream of the gas.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying device for removing harmful solid particles, sparks and flames contained in exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine comprises a cylindrical body member connected to a muffler in an exhaust gas system of the engine. The cylindrical body member is separated into front and rear chambers by an intermediate partition plate. The front chamber includes an exhaust gas introducing hole in a front wall thereof and displaced with respect to a communicating hole formed in the central portion of the partition plate to thereby effectively remove the harmful particles at low flow rate of the exhaust gas. The rear chamber includes a swirl-generating means on the upstream side thereof and a solid particle collecting chamber on the outer periphery thereof to thereby remove the harmful particles at high flow rates of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: Air-intake device for internal combustion engines in which the inlet end of an induction conduit is inserted into a hollow casing having a downward facing intake aperture in which a series of parallel baffle plates, by means of curved downstream end portions, deflect the induced air away from the inlet causing water droplets to collect on the casing roof and fall by gravity into annular water traps which have water discharge openings. The intake aperture is surrounded by an annular skirt, the upstream edge of which forms a drip-edge.

Abstract: An air introduction assembly for a vehicle engine located with respect to a roof mounted air deflecting member to perform an air cleaning or contaminant separating function. The air inlet is placed in a plane substantially parallel to the surface of the deflector over which air flows during vehicle movement and opens normally to the direction of the air flow. Air passing thereover which enters the inlet must be diverted in an arcuate path which causes contaminant particles to pass the inlet. The air inlet is partially defined by a forward peripheral edge portion offset outward from the surface of the air deflector so that a moving contaminant-laden layer of air immediately adjacent the deflector surface is excluded from entering into the inlet. Leading from the inlet is an air passage which tangentially introduces the air entering the inlet into a cylindrical separator chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing oil mist includes a cylindrical main body having an air inlet at one end and an air outlet at the other side thereof. A cylindrical rotatable filter having one end open to the air inlet and a centrifugal fan disposed concentrically within the filter and rotatable therewith are positioned within the main body. An oil adsorbent layer is provided on the inner surface of the main body surrounding the filter. The air taken in through the air inlet is passed through the filter into the air outlet causing air-borne oil mist to adhere to the filter. That oil mist which coalesces on the filter is centrifugally forced outward, is adsorbed by the oil adsorbent layer, and thereafter travels through the oil absorbent layer for discharge through an oil drain channel.

Abstract: A separator is disclosed for removing from a gas stream suspended particulates such as liquid droplets and finely divided solids. A housing chamber encloses a tube that contains a gas swirl device for imparting a swirling motion to the gas stream entering the inlet of the tube. A separator conduit is axially aligned with the tube and has its upstream end coaxially located in the downstream end of the tube, defining an annular ejection port. Suspended particulates and scavenging gas are discharged into the chamber through the annular ejection port. The downstream end of the separation conduit is in communication with the outlet of the housing. A passage is provided for returning the scavenging gas to the main gas stream at the outlet of the housing. A separation device is located in the passage to cleanse the scavenging gas of suspended particulates prior to recombination with the main gas stream.

Abstract: An air intake filter for combustion engines and other air-aspirating machines having a cyclone-type separator stage arranged upstream of a strainer-type filter element. This is accomplished with a filter assembly consisting of an enclosed cylindrical filter housing holding a hollow-cylindrical filter element between its axial ends, the incoming raw air flowing first into an annular raw air space which serves as a cyclone separation chamber, where it is given a helical swirl, and from where the air flows radially inwardly through the filter element. In the bottom portion of the separation chamber is arranged a sheet metal baffle collar with perforations in the form of blind cuts, which create intermediate web portions. The latter are so inclined that the circumferential motion component of the air swirl is reversed, as the raw air passes through the baffle collar, thereby preventing entrainment of particulate matter towards the filter element.

Abstract: An air pre-cleaner without moving parts including a housing having an inlet end for entrant air, an outlet end and a receiving chamber in between, wherein a feeder screw centrifuges the entrant air and moves it into a settling chamber where the dirt particles settle while the lighter air mass is directed to the outlet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotary air filter for use in combination with a cooling radiator or another cooling device and which has to operate in a dusty atmosphere. The rotary air filter comprises a hollow rotary structure having a perforated rotary filter element mounted on the intake side of a fan operable to draw air through the filter element, the rotary structure having a generally unobstructed inner surface lengthwise thereof, and a discharge opening being provided adjacent the fan and generally in line with said unobstructed inner surface for enabling the discharge therethrough of foreign material entering through the perforations in the rotary filter element.

Abstract: This invention relates to an arrangement for separating for films, droplets and sprays from pipe-borne gas flows wherein a pipe is provided with a cross-sectional constriction adapted to accelerate the gas flow in the pipe and annular stripping slot having an annular baffle surface and communicating with a collecting trap, the annular baffle surface being adapted to receive the liquid-containing gas flow and to cause the flow to pass into the collecting trap.

Abstract: An air pre-cleaner is provided for use with an internal combustion engine. The pre-cleaner comprises a housing and vanes fixed to the top of the housing for imparting a circular motion to the air entering the housing between the vanes. This circular motion causes the heavy particles in the air to be projected away from the axis of the housing because of the centrifugal force on the particles caused by the circular motion. A tube means is positioned in the housing and a separator having a plurality of louvers is positioned in the housing between the wall of the housing and the tube. The heavy particles pass through the openings in the louvers and fall from the separator means under the influence of gravity and exit from the housing. The air with the heavy particles removed therefrom then passes through the tube and into the engine. A control mechanism is positioned in the housing between the separator and the exit for controlling the flow of air through the exit towards the separator.

Abstract: A miniature centrifugal separator for use in an engine air cleaner. Two cn air take-off tubes are coaxially aligned in the main flow tube for successively removing selected fractions of the outer annular portion of the swirling gas stream. The clean air tubes are spaced pre-selected distances downstream from the swirl means such that entrained dust particles are enabled to complete approximately one swirl revolution prior to encountering each take-off tube. The invention seeks to accomplish a relatively high collection efficiency with a relatively short flow tube.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifier for removing unburned solid particles, sparks, and flames contained in exhaust gas discharged from internal and external combustion engines includes a closed cylindrical member connected to the exhaust port of an internal or external combustion engine and a swirl-generating member disposed in the cylindrical member and provided with a plurality of swirl vanes for swirling the exhaust gas, whereby the length of time that the exhaust gas is disposed in the cylinder is extended and unburned solid particles, sparks, and flames contained in the exhaust gas are centrifugally separated and extinguished thereby discharging relatively clean gas.