Abstract: A gas-solids separator to remove particulate solids from a mixed phase stream of solids and gas which has a frusto-conical chamber having substantially conical walls tapering downwardly and outwardly and means defining at least one opening in said conical walls for conveying through the conical walls substantially solids free gas separated from the mixed stream of solids and gas.

Abstract: An apparatus for promoting heterogeneous chemical and physical reactions in a gas stream using a casing which is substantially liquid and gas tight having a gas inlet in one end and a gas outlet in the other end; nozzle means within the casing having an entry toward said one end in communication with the gas inlet and an outlet toward said other end, said nozzle means having an effective cross-sectional area of about 2 to about 64 times the effective cross-sectional area of the outlet and the mean angle of convergence of the nozzle being about 6.degree. to about 20.degree.; means in the casing for introduction of reactant liquids and solids into the gas stream before said nozzle means; means for removing liquid and particulate matter from said other end of the casing following desired reaction; and means for separately removing the gas from said other end of the casing.

Abstract: A ventilating device for a gas-carrying flowing fluid medium, includes a gas collecting chamber having an open bottom, a housing below the collecting chamber, and a tube disposed substantially horizontally in the housing below the gas collecting chamber for conducting the medium and reducing the velocity of the medium, the tube defining a space surrounding the tube in the housing, and the tube having a wall with lateral openings formed therein permitting gas bubbles to rise through the wall openings into the space and from the space into the gas collecting chamber.

Abstract: The invention is addressed to a degasifier for a liquid separated from a gaseous fluid in a gas/liquid separator, such as a degasifier for removing air in suspension in oil after separating the oil entrained in the compressed air, the oil separated from the compressed air being returned to the air compressor. The oil separated from the compressed air in the gas/liquid separator collects in a sump at the bottom of the separator housing. A vessel is disposed in the sump below the level of the oil in the sump. The vessel is open at its bottom and closed at its top, and is partially filled with the oil in the process of being degasified. The top of the vessel is connected by a conduit to a source of reduced pressure, for example a venturi tube disposed in the inlet to the gas fluid separator. The gas collecting below the top of the vessel, air in the example of application described, is continuously evacuated through the conduit and reinserted into the compressed air flow into the separator.

Abstract: A fluid separator for separating a liquid, such as an oil mist from a gaseous fluid, such as compressed air, the oil mist having been introduced into the compressed air in a compressor. The separator comprises a coarse separation section provided with an inlet directing the oncoming stream of gaseous fluid upon a surface causing coalescence and condensation of the mist of the liquid upon impact, in the form of droplets flowing by gravity to a sump. The stream of gaseous fluid is caused to flow away from the coarse separation section into a fine purification section in which the stream is passed through a fine filter cartridge, causing final condensation of the liquid and separation from the gaseous fluid. A fluid distributor is located at the inlet of the fine purification section and causes further condensation of the liquid by impact of the stream upon the wall of the fluid distributor.

Abstract: The phase distribution tank is provided with a partition which separates an inlet chamber from an outlet chamber. The partition has a gas phase passage at the upper end and liquid phase passages at the lower end. The discharge conduit for the liquid phase is disposed so that the liquid level in the outlet chamber is within the plane of the orifice of the discharge conduit so that both gas and liquid may discharge.

Abstract: A grease extractor incorporating a plurality of oblique baffles disposed within a barrel in angularly displaced relation with a longitudinal axis of the barrel. The oblique baffles intercross with each other at the longitudinal axis and are arranged in spaced and angularly displaced relation with each other so as to define within the confines of the barrel a plurality of congruent flow paths extending generally spirally about said longitudinal axis. When the grease-laden fumes are drawn into the grease extractor, they are forced to follow said flow paths as whirling about the longitudinal axis to move at ever-changing velocities, whereby the grease particles entrained in the fumes are subject to centrifugal action during the substantially entire course of flow to impinge continuously on the oblique baffles and the inner surface of the barrel to be deposited thereon.

Abstract: The separating efficiency of a cyclone separator used for removing solid particles from a gas stream (for example ash particles from the combustion gas which is passed to a gas turbine) is increased by retarding the particles before they arrive at the cyclone and thereafter accelerating them over a short distance before they enter the cyclone. In this way large particles will have a lower speed than small particles when entering the cyclone. Despite a high velocity of the transport gas and a high inlet velocity for small particles, it is possible to obtain an inlet velocity for larger particles which is desirably low from the point of view of reducing erosion of the cyclone separator. The separation of fine particles is improved. The retardation of the particles may take place in a T-shaped branch pipe, which has one branch connected to the cyclone, a second branch connected to a conveying pipe and a third branch which is formed as a blind space.

Abstract: A muffler for motor compressors comprising a body closed at the lower side by a cover and provided on its frontal wall with a hole through which the refrigerating gas is sucked. The gas introduced into the interior of the body strikes against the rear wall of the body and is diverted toward two narrow passages formed by the lateral internal walls of the body and by vertical walls of an M-shaped element located internally of the body. The inclined walls of the element favor the collection of the oil which has separated from the refrigerating gas and directs it toward an inclined plane which facilitates the discharge of the oil, by gravity, through a groove made in the body of the muffler.

Abstract: A dust suppressor apparatus for use in discharging particulate or granular material, such as grain, which includes a housing defining an internal chamber and having an inlet opening in the upper region of the chamber and a discharge opening in the lower region of the chamber. A suppressor control gate is hingedly mounted on the housing and is biased to a position preventing discharge of material through the discharge opening until a predetermined quantity of particulate material acts on the control gate to overcome the biasing and open the control gate. The control gate and is operative to exert pressure on the particulate material discharging through the discharge opening so as to enable bulk discharge while preventing egress of dust ladened air through the discharge opening. Baffle plates are provided in the chamber to reduce grain velocity within the device. The baffle plates may be independently adjustable or may be automatically adjusted upon tilting of the apparatus.

Abstract: A separator for a flooded liquid/gas compressor comprising a pressure vessel having an inlet for compressed liquid/gas mixture, a lower outlet for liquid and an upper outlet for clean gas, a filter element interposed between the liquid/gas mixture inlet and the clean gas outlet through which the gas flows to said outlet, and a shield member at least partially surrounding the filter element whereby liquid from the separator pressure vessel is prevented from contacting the filter element during periods of operation when the liquid volume in the pressure vessel may rapidly expand.

Abstract: Process for the separation of fine dust which contains impurities from alumina. The contaminated alumina is firstly subjected to a disintegration step in order to liberate fine dust from the alumina, and then the purified alumina is selectively separated from the fine impurity-containing dust in a separation step.

Abstract: A dropout boot is provided for removing solid particles from a hot gas stream comprising an enclosed metal boot shell having an upper vertical inlet means adapted to receive hot gas from refractory lined gas conduit and having a lower horizontal outlet means for passing hot clean gas to an energy recovery system or the like; said boot shell having an upper flared portion adjacent the inlet means with outward and downwardly flared configuration whereby gas velocity is substantially reduced in the boot shell; a shell floor having open bottom horizontal baffle means for retaining solid particles from the gas; said outlet means having an inwardly extending portion with an upper horizontal overhang protruding into the boot shell below the flared portion and inlet means; and an outlet grating mounted over the horizontal outlet transversely of gas flow below the outlet overhang portion and sloped outwardly and downwardly therefrom.

Abstract: An accumulator dehydrator is disclosed having a deflector for directing the flow of refrigerant into the dehydrator, said deflector formed of sheet metal, and permanently secured in operative position by component parts of the accumulator dehydrator. The deflector is provided with a planar body portion which is disposed at an angle to the flow of the incoming refrigerant, and is provided with flanges which inhibit lateral flow of the refrigerant. The deflector is also provided with a portion of arcuate configuration, which is clamped to the accumulator dehydrator in a manner which prevents movement in any direction relatively to the accumulator dehydrator.

Abstract: Compact gas-liquid separator comprising a cylindrical separation chamber including an inlet head and a degasifying vessel. The inlet head comprises an inlet tube supporting a nozzle positioned adjacent to the inner wall of a cover situated within the axis of the separation chamber. The cover includes a cylindrical portion closed by a convex cap and extends toward the bottom by a skirt closing the degasifying vessel and having openings. Within the axis of the nozzle the cylindrical portion has an opening of a diameter greater than that of the nozzle and is spaced from the nozzle. The cover includes a deflector having a central opening and being inclined with respect to the axis of the cylindrical portion of the cover and disposed within the axis of the nozzle. An outlet tube for the gas is positioned in the inlet head.

Abstract: A system for preventing freezing of liquids during separation of liquids from natural gas at a natural gas well head comprising an elongated tank mounted in a vertical attitude with a lowermost portion buried in the ground below the frost line and an uppermost portion extending above the ground. A divider plate separates the tank into an upper compartment and a lower compartment. Each compartment has a liquid reservoir at the bottom thereof. An underground natural gas supply line is connected to a mid-portion of the lower compartment whereby material gas including liquids such as water and hydrocarbons flows into the lower compartment.

Abstract: A distribution system for conducting a mixture of oil droplets and air to surfaces to be lubricated, comprising a main inward flow duct (1) connected to a source of oil droplets dispersed in air, and at least one distributor unit (2) connected to said inlet duct; said distributor unit including a baffle means containing at least two alternately and symmetrically spaced groups of conduits connecting with said inlet duct; each said groups of conduits leading to a separate outlet channel.

Abstract: A process for promoting heterogeneous chemical and physical reactions in a gas stream using a casing which is substantially liquid and gas tight having a gas inlet in one end and a gas outlet in the other end; nozzle means within the casing having an entry toward said one end in communication with the gas inlet and an outlet toward said other end, said nozzle means having an effective cross-sectional area of about 2 to about 64 times the effective cross-sectional area of the outlet and the mean angle of convergence of the nozzle being about 6.degree. to about 20.degree.; means in the casing for introduction of reactant liquids and solids into the gas stream before said nozzle means; means for removing liquid and particulate matter from said other end of the casing following desired reaction; and means for separately removing the gas from said other end of the casing.

Abstract: The present accessory is connected between the pickup head and the intake of a dry vacuum cleaner to catch water drawn in through the pickup head when the vacuum cleaner is in operation. The accessory has a housing with a water collection chamber and a baffle in the way of the discharge from an intake fitting which can be connected to a hose having the vacuum pickup head at its opposite end. An outlet fitting on the housing is out of the direct path of the discharge from the intake fitting. This outlet fitting can be attached to a hose leading to the intake of the vacuum cleaner.

Abstract: A separator for a pneumatic conveyor system having fixed wall and a movable wall jointly defining a chamber of greater crossection than a conduit supplying a particulate carrying airflow. An inlet discharges the airflow into the chamber and into impingement with the movable wall to initiate particle separation.

Abstract: A canister for a fuel evaporative emission control system of an engine; A mass of adsorbent contained in a canister casing is divided into at least two layers by a pair of spaced filter plates, so that the fuel vapors can be diffused into all parts of the adsorbent layers under the deflecting action of the filter plate and the uniforming action of a hollow space defined between the paired filter plates.

Abstract: An energy loss detection system includes an apparatus for measuring loss of the vapor phase of a bi-phase fluid. Such apparatus is interposable in an energy transfer circuit downstream of an energy consumer device, intended to take energy from the bi-phase fluid by converting the vapor phase to liquid, and upstream of a potential energy loss device. The apparatus includes a separator for separating the vapor and liquid phases of the bi-phase fluid into separate flow paths. A probe senses the flow rate of the vapor phase through the separator and produces a signal related thereto. An output apparatus includes a read-out device responsive to the probe signal for producing a display indicative of vapor flow rate and hence of energy loss downstream of the separator.

Abstract: An apparatus for distributing a liquid-vapor mixture into two or more separate streams or paths involving a hollow vessel having a fluid inlet means; at least two pipe means each of which have one end extending into the vessel, each pipe means being in fluid communication with a different pass of a heat-exchanger system having at least two passes, each pipe means providing a different path for liquid-vapor flow from the hollow vessel; at least one aperture in that part of each of the pipe means extending into the vessel and restrictive means located in the vessel to restrict fluid flow directly into the top openings of the pipe means. In an additional embodiment, each of the pipe means is in fluid communication with a different chemical reaction zone.Improved methods of distributing a liquid-vapor mixture are also disclosed.

Abstract: A housing surrounds a compressor for cooling media and forms at one axial end of the same a chamber which receives from the compressor one or more streams of gaseous cooling medium in which compressor lubricating oil is entrained. The chamber communicates with an outlet of the housing and is filled with a body of gas-permeable material through which the stream or streams must pass on the way to the outlet, and which separates entrained oil from the gaseous cooling medium.

Abstract: A particle sizing sampling device to separate particles from a gaseous medium according to particle diameter so as to classify the particles which include one or more stages with a housing defining an impaction chamber therein, an impaction plate in the impaction chamber, at least one impaction nozzle which forces a jet of the gaseous medium against the impaction plate to separate those particles above the effective particle cut diameter of the stage of the sampler by jet impaction and at least one exit passage which extends through the impaction plate with an inlet spaced from the impaction plate a distance greater than the distance between the gas jet stream outlet from the impaction nozzle and the impaction plate.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for removing mist or the like from a gas flow is described herein, in which a gas flow is introduced from a main duct into a lateral duct that is connected to the downstream end of the main duct and which extends in a different direction from the main duct to thereby cause mist, dust or the like in the gas flow to deviate within the lateral duct, a remover plate for mist, dust or the like is disposed in the region just downstream of the junction between the main duct and the lateral duct into which the mist, dust or the like in the gas flow has flowed, and a mist eliminator is provided downstream of the remover plate.

Abstract: A preseparator for connection to the sampling inlet of a particle sizing sampler to preseparate those particles from the gaseous medium with particle diameters above the particle diameter acceptance range of the sampler which is characterized by a housing defining a preseparating chamber therein, an impaction plate dividing the preseparating chamber into two subchambers, a preimpaction nozzle which forces a jet of the gaseous medium against the impaction plate to separate those particles above the particle diameter acceptance range of the sampler by jet impaction and at least one exit passage which extends through the impaction plate with an inlet spaced from the impaction plate a distance greater than the distance between the outlet on the preimpaction nozzle and the impaction plate.

Abstract: A pre-atomized spray scrubber and related method is disclosed. The scrubber has special utility in the removal of particulate and gaseous contaminants from a gas stream and comprises a housing defining a flow path therethrough. The housing is divided into first and second sections by a deck which is configured such that as the gas stream flows through the first section, it flows across the deck and then into the second section. A series of liquid spray nozzle banks are disposed in the housing, either in the first or second section and are arranged and configured so as to aid in directing the gas stream from the first section into the second section. An entrainment separator is also preferably disposed in the housing to further aid in the removal of the contaminants from the gas stream.

Abstract: Vanes, formed from a porous water droplet retaining material, extending vertically through which an airstream containing the water droplets passes, serves to separate the water droplets therefrom and collect it in the vane material where it gravitates to a water collecting basin disposed at the bottom of the vanes.

Abstract: Apparatus and method operating at relatively low pressure drop and low initial velocity for removing pollutants down to sub-micron sizes from gas streams comprising a nozzle means accelerating the gas flow and impinging the pollutants upon a plate for removal of a major portion of pollutants and then passing the gas stream through fabric filters for removal of substantially all of the remaining particulate pollutants.

Abstract: The separator includes a spherical housing containing therewithin a baffle which obstructs direct flow between an inlet and an outlet. The inlet and outlet support the baffle which is comprised of two modular members connected end-to-end.

Abstract: A gas valve device includes an integral drip leg and filter, positioned upstream from valve means contained therein, for collecting and removing liquid and solid impurities from a gas stream. The drip leg and filter includes a fine-mesh screen of significantly larger cross-sectional area than an inlet opening through which the gas stream enters the gas valve device. The screen is positioned at an angle to cause solid particles to be deflected away from the screen. Clean-out means is located between the inlet opening and the screen for collecting and removing the accumulated liquid and solid impurities. In a preferred embodiment, a detachable cover can be removed to enable cleaning or replacing the screen.

Abstract: A gas-liquid separator of the centrifugal type wherein the mixture is first introduced into a top chamber of a vertical vessel where it is given a spinning motion forming a vortex with liquid initially separated and drained to an intermediate chamber and then to a lower chamber for removal. The remaining gas-liquid enters a centrally located vortex tube where additional entrained liquid is skimmed off at a slot open to the intermediate chamber. Additional separation occurs as the gas and remaining liquid entrained therein strikes a conical surface and other diversion baffles.

Abstract: A fume extraction assembly comprises an elevated canopy adapted to collect fume; and elongated outlet means offset from an apex of the canopy and having gas flow characteristics compensating for a tendency to uncontrolled extraction rates along said outlet means.

Abstract: An entrainment separator for separating liquids from gases and solids from gases, including a housing providing an inlet at one end and an outlet at the opposed end, an adjustable planar surface providing a face facing the inlet and an opposed face, an annular deflector beneath the planar surface attached to the housing and extending inward of the housing and positioned relative to the planar surface to provide an opening between the planar surface and annular deflector, means to adjust the position of the planar surface relative to the annular deflector, a tube attached to the opposed face of the planar surface and extending downward of the inlet, a funnel providing a downward extending spout positioned below the tube, means providing flow of liquid in the funnel past the tube and to the spout, and a gas outlet extending through the side of the housing.

Abstract: An apparatus for distributing a liquid-vapor mixture into two or more separate streams or paths involving a hollow vessel having a fluid inlet means; at least two pipe means each of which have one end extending into the vessel, each pipe means being in fluid communication with a different pass of a heat-exchanger system having at least two passes, each pipe means providing a different path for liquid-vapor flow from the hollow vessel; at least one aperture in that part of each of the pipe means extending into the vessel and restrictive means located in the vessel to restrict fluid flow directly into the top openings of the pipe means. In an additional embodiment, each of the pipe means is in fluid communication with a different chemical reaction zone.Improved methods of distributing a liquid-vapor mixture are also disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus operating at low pressure drop and low initial velocity for removing pollutants down to sub-micron sizes from gas streams comprising a nozzle means accelerating the gas flow to about four times its entering velocity into a large expansion chamber having an impinger area for removal of pollutant. This is a method of removing pollutants down to sub-micron size at high efficiency by passing the polluted gas through a nozzle having specific geometry into an expansion chamber and impinging the pollutants upon an impinging area and removing them from the system.

Abstract: A system for confinement and removal of air-borne dust emitted during discharge delivery of particulate solids from an elevated supply source and through an enclosed descending column. The enclosed column has a delivery spout at the discharge end, the spout including a generally enclosed shroud with an open bottom wall defining the discharge opening. An arcuate lead-in flow diverter plate is coupled to the underside of the descending enclosed column and curves generally inwardly of the column. An abutment plate is disposed forwardly of the flow diverter plate at the opposed end of the discharge opening and is positioned along the normal flow path of particulate solids passing from the lead-in flow diverter plate so as to define a dynamic seal with the particulate solids moving across the discharge opening. A dust collecting duct is coupled through the spout shroud above the discharge opening so as to receive and remove a flow of dust laden air from the discharge spout to a solid-air separator means.

Abstract: A running textile web that has been subjected to soaking by a liquid such as a scouring solvent is carried between a suction box located adjacent one face of the web and a source of pressurized and relatively dry heated gas adjacent the other face thereof and opposite the suction box. The heated gas passes through the web and is drawn into the suction box, enhancing the amount of liquid removed at this stage and presenting the web into a drying stage with less entrained liquid than if the web were subject to the action of the suction box only. The amount of mechanical mist is kept to minimum within a closed scouring range by means of a closed loop between the suction box and a return conduit provided with a trap containing a batt of metallic wool. The liquid discharge from nozzles employed to uncurl the edges of the web is directed against shields also containing a batt of metallic wool to reduce bouncing, noise and mist generation.

Abstract: A method of removing a gas from a mixture of the gas and a liquid of greater density than the gas comprising introducing the mixture continuously into a hollow body in the form of a jet of the mixture, impinging the jet of the mixture onto a surface within the chamber, the jet of mixture and the surface being so arranged as to cause the mixture to spread over the surface and to cause the gas to separate from the spreading mixture and rise to a vent at the uppermost part of the hollow body, the liquid then being removed from the hollow body.

Abstract: The aspirating liquid flow tube of a dual concentric tube assembly for a vacuum cleaner dump bucket is closed at its upper end, and is provided with opposed radial nozzles for discharging dirty liquid induced by the vacuum promoted air stream tangentially against the curved sidewall of the dump bucket dome above the ring baffle to facilitate separation of the liquid from the air stream and distribute the liquid about the full circumference of the dome sidewall prior to contact with the ring baffle to increase dump bucket capacity without introduction of liquid into the hollow riser tube leading to the vacuum source.

Abstract: A sampling device for removing particulate matter from a gaseous medium by jet impaction including a base, an impaction stage carried by the base and a connector diffuser carried by the impaction stage. The impaction stage has an apertured plate for generating a prescribed velocity of the gaseous medium as it passes therethrough, and a collection member is positioned under the apertured plate against which the gaseous medium impinges to collect the particulate matter thereon. Frangible locking means connect the jet impaction, the base stage and the connector diffuser together so that they cannot be separated without destruction of the locking means to prevent reuse.

Abstract: An improved liquid film impingement scrubber is provided wherein particulates suspended in a gas are removed by jetting the particle-containing gas onto a relatively small thin liquid layer impingement target surface. The impingement target is in the form of a porous material which allows a suitable contacting liquid from a pressurized chamber to exude therethrough to form a thin liquid film target surface. The gas-supported particles collected by impingement of the gas on the target are continuously removed and flushed from the system by the liquid flow through each of a number of pores in the target.

Abstract: In a catalytic converter which has a housing, gas inlet and outlet nipples in the housing, a screen positioned in and held by said housing for supporting a loose catalyst material thereon and a free space provided in the housing above the loose catalyst material, there is provided a flow-directing device for guiding a stream, after its introduction into the housing through the gas inlet nipple, onto the loose catalyst uniformly and vertically from above.

Abstract: A horizontal tubular housing is supported at one of its ends across the top of a stack and a blower is mounted at one end of the housing for moving gases discharged from the stack through the housing. The housing has a plurality of laterally disposed baffle plates arranged such that when impinged by the moving stack gases, the latter will be directed in a tortuous path, preferably an initial spiral path and a subsequent zig zag path. Some of the baffle plates are adjustable to vary the turbulence of the gases in their tortuous movement. Spray nozzles are mounted in the housing at most of the baffle plates to provide curtains of liquid spray for washing the gases. The housing has a liquid drainage outlet in its bottom wall intermediate its ends, and such bottom wall is inclined downwardly from opposite ends of the housing to the outlet to provide drainage. Adjustable louvers are provided in the outlet of the blower to vary the direction of air movement from the blower across the stack.

Abstract: Apparatus operating at low pressure drop and low initial velocity for removing pollutants down to sub-micron sizes from gas streams comprising a nozzle of specified dimensions within a vertical casing and an impingement means below the nozzle outlet wherein the pollutant containing gas stream passes into the upper portion of a vertical casing and through the nozzle within the casing, the acceleration and deceleration of the gas stream causing particulates to agglomerate in passing through the nozzle, impinging the agglomerates upon the impingement means, removing the liquid and particulate matter from the lower portion of the casing and separately removing the clarified gas from the lower portion of the casing. An apparatus and method is disclosed wherein 2 to 6 nozzle-impingement means stages are connected in vertical series and wherein 2 to 6 nozzles are placed in each vertical stage and 2 to 4 of the mulitple nozzle-impingement means stages are connected in series.

Abstract: A paint spray booth for removing excess atomized paint from the air in the vicinity of a spray painting operation comprises a spray booth structure having a working or spray painting area, an exhaust chamber and an exhaust stack, which together define an air passage having an inlet at the spray painting area and an outlet at the stack, within which a fan is mounted for drawing air through the inlet and out the outlet at high velocity. A plurality of generally vertical baffles are disposed in the passage between the spray painting area and the exhaust chamber for the purpose of removing overspray or excess atomized paint from the air before it is exhausted out the stack. Mineral oil is continuously flowed over the front surface of the baffles so as to entrain therein paint solids in the air stream, and the oil is received in a reservoir or holding tank wherein the paint solids are allowed to settle, and from which the oil is recirculated for downward flow over the baffles.