Abstract: The disclosure provides compounds and methods of using Apogossypolone derivatives for treating diseases and disorders. In particular, the disclosure provides compounds of Formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, or solvate thereof, and provides methods for the preparation of compounds of Formula I; and methods for treating cancer, autoimmune diseases, and inflammation by administering a compound of Formula I.

Abstract: Methods are described for using genes crucial in TH17 differentiation, IL-12Rbeta 1/IL-23R, CCR6, BATF, AHR, STAT3 and IRF4 as new markers for rosacea. Also described, are methods of their use to diagnose rosacea, to screen inhibitors of Th17 differentiation. In particular, method are described for inhibiting at least one of these genes and using the screened inhibitors in rosacea treatment.

Abstract: A method is described that uses ROR gamma t, or ROR alpha to diagnose rosacea and/or to screen inhibitors of Th17 differentiation, notably in inhibiting ROR gamma t or ROR alpha. Also described is a method of using these screened inhibitors in rosacea treatment.

Abstract: Naphthoquinones, azanaphthoquinones and benxanthones, their process of synthesis and methods of their use as antimalarial or antischistosomal agents.

Abstract: Derivatives of plumbagin can be selectively cytotoxic to breast cancer cells. Derivative ‘A’ (Acetyl Plumbagin) has emerged as a lead molecule for testing against estrogen positive breast cancer and has shown low hepatotoxicity as well as overall lower toxicity in nude mice model. The toxicity of derivative ‘A’ was determined to be even lower than vehicle control (ALT and AST markers). The possible mechanism of action identified based on the microarray experiments and pathway mapping shows that derivative ‘A’ could be acting by altering the cholesterol-related mechanisms. The low toxicity profile of derivative ‘A’ highlights its possible role'as future anti-cancer drug and/or as an adjuvant drug to reduce the toxicity of highly toxic chemotherapeutic'drugs.

Abstract: The invention described herein pertains to compounds and compositions for treating Ape1 mediated diseases. In particular, the invention described herein pertains to quinone compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing them for treating Ape1 mediated diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is novel process for preparation of atovaquone, which process includes reacting 1H-2-benzopyran-1,4(3H)-dione with 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexanecarbaldehyde. The invention further discloses novel intermediates useful in the preparation of atovaquone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound having formula (I) wherein: R1 is chosen from the group consisting of: phenyl group, possibly substituted, —CH2—C6H4—R?1 group, R?1 being chosen from the group consisting of: H, —OH, halogen, alkyl, aryl, CHO, —CN, —NO2, —SR?, —OR?, —NR?R?, —CONR?R?, —COOR?, and —NHCOR?, R? and R? representing independently from each other H, an alkyl group or an aryl group, R?1 being preferably in para position, and —CH2—CO—R? group, R? representing an aryl or heteroaryl group, said aryl and heteroaryl groups being possibly substituted, R2 is chosen from the group consisting of: —OH and halogen, and R3, R4, R5 and R6 are in particular H, for its use for the prevention and/or the treatment of bacterial infections.

Abstract: According to the invention there is provided a compound of formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3 and n have meanings given in the description, or a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate, salt or prodrug thereof for use as an anticoagulant.

Abstract: Provided is a process for the epimerization of the cis isomer of atovaquone, atovaquone intermediates and isomeric mixtures thereof into their corresponding trans-isomers resulting in higher yield of pure atovaquone.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a phenanthrene derivative having the following structure: wherein Ar1 and Ar2 independently are phenyl, nathphyl, heterocyclic group, polycyclic aromatic or polycyclic heterocyclic group with at least one conjugated substituent. The conjugated substituent can be an electron withdrawing group or electron donating group. The phenanthrene derivatives have semiconductor properties of electron transfer, electroluminescence (EL), and photoluminescence (PL). Intermolecular stacking can be avoided and electron-luminescent emission stability is enhanced when the derivatives are applied as a light-emitting material in organic EL devices due to the presence of the two stereo cyclopentane rings, such as a host compound or a dopant emitting blue light.

Abstract: Disclosed are 2,6-bis[octadecyloxy]anthraquinone, 1-(4,6-bis[dibutylamino]-[1,3,5]-triazin-2-ylamino)-anthraquinone, 2-(4,6-bis[dibutylamino]-[1,3,5]-triazin-2-ylaminoyanthraquinone, 2,6-bis[4,6-bis[dibutylamino]-[1,3,5]-triazin-2-yloxy]-anthraquinone, 2-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1-octadecyloxy-anthraquinone, 1,2-bis[octadecyloxy]anthraquinone, 1,2-bis[2-ethyl-hexyloxy]anthraquinone, 1,2-bis[octyloxy]anthraquinone, 1,5-bis[2-ethyl-hexyloxy]anthraquinone, 9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydro-anthracene-2-sulfonic acid dodecylamide, 2,6-bis[stearoyloxy]anthraquinone and bis[9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydro-anthracene-2-sulfonic acid]-1?,12?-dodecandiyldiamide. The anthraquinones are suitable additives for thermoplastic polymers or waxes and act as photosensitizers towards their degradation.

Abstract: A phenanthrene compound represented by the formula (I): in which, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are identical or different and may each be hydrogen, halogen, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, or a conjugated group. The phenanthrene compound has a polycyclic structure and semiconductor properties including electron transfer, electroluminescence, and photoluminescence.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds that are effective in treating disorders caused by the enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinases. These disorders include, but are not limited to, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, periodontal disease, aberrant angiogenesis, tumor invasion and metastasis, corneal ulceration, and in complications of diabetes. The present invention is also is useful for treating wounds.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: wherein R1 and R2 each represents a lower alkyl, or R1 and R2 may be bonded together to form a ring; X represents a spacer of which the number of atoms constituting the principal chain is 1 to 15; Y represents an acyl, or a hydroxy, an amino or an aromatic group, each of which may be substituted; and ring A represents a 5- to 8-membered ring which may be further substituted apart from —X—Y, or a salt thereof is useful as a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating disease related to mitochondrial dysfunction.

Abstract: This invention relates to certain naphthoquinone derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## or a salt thereof, in which m, n, R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 are as defined in the description; processes for their preparation; compositions containing such compounds and their use as a pesticide, such as a fungicide and, especially, an insecticide or an acaricide.

Abstract: Pesticidal as a pesticide against whitefly, Lepidoptera and certain fungi is provided of compound of general formula (I) ##STR1## or a salt thereof is provided, in which n represents an integer from 0 to 4; m represents an integer 0 or 1;each R independently represents a halogen atom or a nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, haloalkenoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkoxycarbonyl, carboxyl, alkanoyl, alkylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, carbamoyl, alkylamido, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl group;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently represent an optionally substituted alkoxy group or together represent a group .dbd.O, .dbd.S or .dbd.N--OR.sup.9, where R.sup.9 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group;R.sup.3 represents a hydroxyl group, or a group --OL where L is a leaving group, or a group which in vivo is transformed into a group --OL.sup.1 where L.sup.1 is a leaving group;R.sup.7 and R.sup.

Abstract: A nitro group-containing naphthoquinone derivative represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having a nitro group, and a ring A may be substituted with a substituent.This compound is a novel substance and is useful as an electron-transporting agent for an electrophotosensitive material. The electrophotosensitive material using the electron-transporting agent is highly sensitive, exhibits favorable repetitive properties, and makes it possible to favorably form images for extended periods of time.

Abstract: The invention relates to certain naphthoquinone derivatives, some of which are novel, of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl or an ethanoyloxy group; methods for their preparation; compositions containing such compounds and their use as pesticides, such as fungicides and, especially, insecticides and acaricides. Compounds of formula I may be derived from plants of the genus Calceolaria and the invention therefore also relates to extracts of a Calceolaria species and their use as pesticides.

Abstract: Terpene-quinone with antitumor activity defined from a cyclocondensation reaction of Diels-Alder, used to obtain families or series of said compounds having a new structure and presenting a cytotoxic activity to cellular cultures P-388, A-549, HT-29 and MEL-28, with levels of IC.sub.50 lower than 1 microgram per unit of milliliter.

Abstract: 5,8-dihydroxynaphthoquinone derivatives represented by the following general formula (IA): ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents alkyl or alkenyl, R.sup.2a represents alkyl or a group --C(O)R wherein R represents alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl or aralkenyl, which can be substituted or unsubstituted with one or more halogen(s), and R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or alkyl, provided that when R.sup.2a is a group --C(O)R and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, R.sup.1 is other than 3-methyl-2-butenyl; and when R.sup.2a represents methyl and R.sup.3 independently represents hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.1 is other than 3-methylbutyl. Processes for preparing 5,8-dihydroxynaphthoquinone derivatives are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a quinone derivative represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical with or different from each other and mean individually a lower alkyl or lower alkoxy group, or may form an aromatic ring together, R.sup.3 denotes a lower alkyl group, n stands for 0 or an integer of 1-9, and a linkage --- is a single or double bond, such as a vitamin K derivative or coenzyme derivative; and a process for the preparation of the quinone derivative at a high yield without forming any geometric isomer; as well as a 1,4,4.sub.a,8.sub.a -tetrahydro-4.sub.a .alpha.-alkenyl-1.alpha.,4.alpha.-methanonaphthalene-5,8-dione derivative which is useful as an intermediate for the preparation of the quinone derivative.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a tertiary non-linear optical material comprising a quinone derivative expressed by any one of the general formulas: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are as defined above, or the formula: ##STR2## The tertiary non-linear material enables the co-existence of large tertiary non-linear optical susceptibility and high-speed response.

Abstract: Novel terpenoid-type quinones which can be obtained from Pycnanthus spp., processes for obtaining the novel terpenoid-type quinones and methods for their use as hypoglycemic agents, for example, in the treatment of diabetes are described. In a preferred embodiment, the novel terpenoid-type quinones are obtained from the leaves and stems of Pycnanthus angolensis. As agents for the treatment of diabetes, the novel terpenoid quinones are useful for treating insulin-dependent (type I) and/or non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to intermediates useful for the preparation of vitamin K derivatives.

Abstract: A method for treating or preventing a Pneumocystis carinii infection in a mammal by administering a certain naphthoquinone compound or physiologically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: Quinone- and hydroquinone-containing cyclic enediyneols and enediyneones having 10-carbon atoms in the enediyne-containing ring that cleave DNA are disclosed, as are methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: A 2-(1-alkylaminoalkyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group, and R.sup.2 is an alkyl group having at least 2 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Novel phenanthrene derivatives represented by the general formula (1), ##STR1## wherein the group of the formula ##STR2## is a group of the formula ##STR3## (wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group), a group of the formula ##STR4## (wherein R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkanoyl group) or a group of the formula ##STR5## (wherein R.sup.2 is the same as defined above), and salts thereof, and other compounds derived therefrom and salts thereof; processes for preparing the same; and interleukin-1 (IL-1) inhibitors containing the abovementioned novel phenanthrene derivatives as to the active ingredient(s).

Abstract: Anthraquinone compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is hydrogen, hydroxy or acyloxy,R.sup.2 is hydrogen or acyl,R.sup.3 is acyl,R.sup.4 is hydrogen or acyl,R.sup.5 is hydrogen or acyl,R.sup.6 is hydrogen or acyl, andR.sup.7 is hydrogen or acylhave been found to possess endothelin antagonistic properties and are producible by various synthetic and fermentation processes.

Abstract: Phenols are oxidated to quinones with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of catalytic amounts of bromine, iodine, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide.

Abstract: Novel antiprotozoal naphthoquinones having the general formula ##STR1## (wherein either R.sup.1 is hydrogen and R.sup.2 is selected from C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, aralkoxy, C.sub.1-6 alkyl-C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, phenyl substituted by one or two groups selected from halogen and C.sub.1-6 alkyl, halogen and perhalo-C.sub.1-6 alkyl; or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are both C.sub.1-6 alkyl or phenyl; and n is 0 or 1) and salt thereof. The compounds of formula (I) are useful for the treatment or prophylaxis of protozoal diseases including malaria, theileriosis and coccidiosis. Various processes for preparing compounds of formula (I) are described.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a mixture of fused ring quinone type compounds from lignin and lignin-derived substances. The mixture of fused ring quinone compounds has been found useful in the wood pulping process as an accelerator in the degradation and separation of wood lignin from the other principal wood constituents, cellulose and hemicellulose.

Abstract: A method of combating agricultural pests comprising applying a pesticidally effective amount of a substituted 1,4-naphthoquinone on agricultural pests and/or their environment, said 1,4-naphthoquinone being of the formula ##STR1## in which n represents the number zero or a number from 1 to 12,R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, or represents an unsubstituted or substituted radical R selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aralkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulphonyl and arylsulphonyl, andR.sup.2 represents halogenoalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl or substituted cycloalkyl.A substituted 1,4-naphthoquinone of the formula ##STR2## in which m represents the number 0 or a number from 1 to 12,A.sup.1 represents hydrogen, methyl, benzyl, acetyl, methoxycarbonyl, benzenesulphonyl or toluenesulphonyl andA.sup.2 represents trifluoromethyl, 3-trifluoromethylcyclohexyl, 3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl, 4-trimethylsilyl-cyclohexyl or 4-trifluoromethylthiophenyl, with the proviso that m is other than 0 and 2 if A.

Abstract: Hydrolyzable substrates comprise blocked moieties which, when cleaved from the substrate during hydrolysis, provide electron transfer agents. The released electron transfer agents can be recycled between a reductant and a reducible compound that upon reduction provides a detectable species. Alternatively, they can be recycled between an oxidant and an oxidizable compound that upon oxidation provides a detectable species. These substrates are useful in analytical compositions, elements and methods for the determination of hydrolytic analytes, such as hydrolytic enzymes or biological cells containing such enzymes.

Abstract: A method of combating agricultural pest comprising applying a pesticidally effective amount of a substituted 1,4-naphthoquinone on agricultural pests and/or their environment, said 1,4-naphthoquinone being of the formula ##STR1## in which n represents the number zero or a number from 1 to 12,R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, t-butylcarbonyl or acetyl andR.sup.2 represents phenyl which is substituted by bromine, fluorine, chlorine, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethylsulphenyl, trifluoromethylsulphonyl or trimethylsilyl or cyclohexyl which is substituted by methyl, trifluoromethyl or trimethylsilyl orR.sup.2 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl which is substituted by fluorine, chlorine or bromine.

Abstract: The compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, methyl or hydroxymethyl, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or methoxy, R.sub.3 is hydroxy or methoxy, and R.sub.4 is hydrogen or a group ##STR2## is novel, and the compound is of use as inhibitors of animal tissue fibrosis, or biochemical reagents.