Abstract: Present invention relates to a novel process for purification of feedstock for further use as a source of fuel or chemicals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition having a high content of highly unsaturated fatty acid alkyl ester. A method for producing a composition comprising a highly unsaturated fatty acid alkyl ester, the method comprising contacting a raw material comprising a highly unsaturated fatty acid alkyl ester with an aqueous solution comprising a silver salt and subsequently recovering an aqueous phase; adding an organic solvent to the aqueous phase, and subsequently recovering an organic solvent phase; and rectifying the organic solvent phase at a temperature of 170 to 190° C. and a column top vacuum degree of 1 Pa or less to recover the highly unsaturated fatty acid alkyl ester from the organic solvent phase.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to solubilizing compounds, a device and a method for solubilizing and removing carboxylic acids and especially fatty acids from oils, fats, aqueous emulsion, aqueous media and organic solutions. Devices utilizing the inventive method shall be used for separating carboxylic acids from oils, fats, aqueous emulsion, lipophilic media or organic solutions, respectively by preparing an aqueous micro- or nanoemulsion of the carboxylic acids especially the fatty acids and the solubilizing compound which contains at least one amidino and/or gianidino group. Solubilization effects of solubilizing compounds combined with the inventive use of separation methods for carboxylic acids can be used to treat persons in need of removal of fatty acids or analyze carboxylic acids from blood or process other solutions in food, pharmacy, chemistry, bio fuel industry or other industrial processings.

Abstract: A method of reducing the proportion of agricultural residues (ARs), such as pesticides and herbicides, present in an essential oil, comprising the treatment of the oil with an ionic liquid that has at most limited solubility in the oil, the ionic liquid having an anion and a cation chosen from the following table: cation anion dialkylimidazolium alkylsulfate trialkylimidazolium dicyanamide dialkylpyridinium alkylsulfonate dialkylpyrrolidinium alkylphosphate thiocyanate fluoroacetate fluoroalkyl sulfonate tetrafluoroborate halide The method is particularly effect with citrus oils, especially orange oil, and it can remove most ARs, without removing essential components of the oil.

Abstract: A process for making a deodorized edible oil or fat having a low level of bound MCPD (monochloro propanediol esters) and/or low level of bound 3-MCPD is described. The process comprises a step of stripping the vegetable oil or fat with an inert gas. The inert gas can be nitrogen. A deodorized vegetable oil or fat and a food product made there from are described. The food product can be an infant formula. It exhibits low levels of bound MCPD and/or low level of bound 3-MCPD. In one embodiment the oil or fat has a reduced level of free fatty acid as well as a limpid aspect and no off-flavors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a concentration- and purification method for compositions containing phytanic acid and/or derivatives thereof besides other fatty acids and/or their derivatives, preferably besides polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or their derivatives, such as esters or salts. With the fractionation process the phytanic acid (derivative) can become concentrated and the fatty acid mixture, preferably PUFA-mixture, can be purified from this particular component.

Abstract: A process for extracting a wide range of lipophilic compounds from urea-containing solutions is described. The process utilises a near-critical fluid as the extraction solvent. The process is particularly applicable to the extraction of polyunsaturated fatty acids from the filtrate obtained upon urea fractionation, as employed in the processing of fish and other oils. In contrast to known processes, the lipophilic compounds may be extracted without the use of non-food grade solvents, and are suitable for pharmaceutical and cosmetic use.

Abstract: A continuous biofuel production process includes the steps of introducing a feedstock containing fatty acids and triglycerides into a first reaction vessel, in which alkyl esters are produced through esterification of free fatty acids. The alkyl esters and triglycerides are introduced into a second reaction vessel, in which at least a portion of the triglycerides are converted to alkyl esters and glycerin through transesterification. The alkyl esters, glycerin, and remaining triglycerides are introduced into a third reaction vessel, in which at least a portion of the remaining triglycerides are converted to alkyl esters and glycerin through transesterification.

Abstract: A process for converting at least one triglyceride feedstock to at least one fatty-acid methyl ester product is disclosed. The process includes a continuous, plug-flow environment with a single-pass residence time as low as about 10 seconds, and a conversion of at least 70 percent.

Abstract: A method for removing free fatty acids from fats or oils of biological origin or their steam distillates by extracting the free fatty acids with a mixture of basic organic nitrogen compounds and water as an extraction medium at a temperature below the boiling point of the organic nitrogen compounds. The content of the basic organic nitrogen compounds in the extraction medium is 20-30% by weight. In this manner, the formation of a viscous soapstock which is difficult to remove is prevented. The boiling point of the basic organic nitrogen compounds used is the same as or above boiling point of water and below the boiling point of the fatty acids to be extracted in order to enable simple recovery of the extraction medium.

Abstract: Polyunsaturated fatty acids, as free fatty acids, fatty acid esters or fatty acid amides, especially EPA and/or DHA, DPC 9/02, are recovered from urea adducts, such as obtained as by-products in the processing of fish and other oils, by treatment with a subcritical or supercritical fluid.

Abstract: Carboxylic acids are sorbed from aqueous feedstocks onto a solid adsorbent in the presence of carbon dioxide under pressure. The acids are freed from the sorbent phase by a suitable regeneration method, one of which is treating them with an organic alkylamine solution thus forming an alkylamine-carboxylic acid complex which thermally decomposes to the desired carboxylic acid and the alkylamine.

Abstract: 9,11- Diene C18 fatty acid cannot be separated from 10,12-Diene C18 fatty acid by conventional rectification because of the proximity of their boiling points. 9,11-Diene C18 fatty acid can be readily separated from 10,12-Diene fatty acid by azeotropic distillation. Effective agents are propyl formate, butyl ether, methyl pivalate and cyclopentanone.

Abstract: Process for degumming a fatty substance such as a crude or delecithinated, animal or vegetable oil or fat, including bringing this fatty substance into contact with an aqueous solution of a complexing agent and of a detergent and/or emulsifier making it possible to hydrate the phospholipids present in the latter, and fatty substance thus obtained.

Abstract: A process for purifying an inert gas stream from a transesterification reaction wherein a lower alkyl alcohol is released during the reaction is claimed. A second use of the process is to make a lower alkyl, e.g., methyl, esters of fatty acids through a transesterification reaction using gaseous alcohols as a source of the lower alkyl alcohols. The alcohol is diluted with nitrogen or other inert gas carrier and reacted with a fatty acid ester, preferably a triglyceride, to form the corresponding methyl or lower alkyl fatty acid ester.

Abstract: A composition concentrated in ethyl esters of polyunsaturated fatty acids is prepared by mixing a refined oil rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids with ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to obtain an ethanolyzate containing a glycerol phase and fatty acid ethyl ester phase. The fatty acid ethyl ester phase is separated from the glycerol phase and mixed with urea and ethanol to form a mixture, which is cooled to form a liquid phase containing fatty acid ethyl esters and a solid phase containing insoluble inclusion complexes. The liquid phase is separated from the solid phase to obtain a fraction enriched in ethyl esters of polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Abstract: A useful method for shifting the flavour balance of edible oils comprises sparging nitrogen through the oil at a temperature of 20.degree.-65.degree. C. Olive oil is preferably treated at 30.degree.-40.degree. C. The treatment may be combined with usual purification steps as are washing and filtration over a filter aid.

Abstract: A triglyceride oil containing a membrane lipid in a concentration effective for crystallization modification the membrane lipid having a formula:C.sub.13 H.sub.27 --CH.dbd.CH--CH(OH)--CH(NHCOA.sub.2)--CH2--OA.sub.4,wherein C.sub.13 H.sub.27 -- is an unbranched alkyl chain, A.sub.2 is an unbranched C.sub.23 H.sub.47 -- hydrocarbon chain, and A.sub.4 is a sugar moiety selected from the group consisting o a monosaccharide residue, a disaccharide residue or an oligosaccharide residue, including glucose, fructose, galactose, saccharose, lactose and maltose. Said membrane is utilized to separate solid fatty materials from triglyceride oils by heating the oil in an inert solvent until a substantial amount of the solid material is no longer present, adding the membrane lipid as the crystallization modifying substance, cooling the oil to crystallize a solid stearin phase in combination with a liquid olein phase, and recovering the stearin phase by separating it from the olein phase.

Abstract: Carboxylic acids are sorbed from aqueous feedstocks into an organic liquid phase or onto a solid adsorbent. The acids are freed from the sorbent phase by treating it with aqueous alkylamine thus forming an alkylammonium carboxylate which is dewatered and decomposed to the desired carboxylic acid and the alkylamine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for recovering heat from deodorized edible oils and stabilizing the same comprising: introducing or injecting non-condensible inert gas into hot deodorized edible oil as the hot deodorized edible oil is cooled by indirectly heat exchanging with crude oil to be deodorized.

Abstract: A method for recovering at least one unsaturated fatty acid having sixteen or more carbon atoms and/or at least one compound of such a fatty acid from a mixture derived from vegetable, animal or marine sources is provided. Fatty acids and/or fatty acid compounds of the mixture, in free acid or esterified form, are passed into a mobile phase of liquid carbon dioxide in a column over a stationary phase. The stationary phase contains a support and a material bound to the support which contains at least one free electron pair and/or multiple bond. After eluting any saturated fatty acid or fatty acid compound of the same number of carbon atoms from the column, the unsaturated fatty acid and/or fatty acid compound is recovered in pure chemical form or as an enriched mixture.

Abstract: A mixture of branched fatty acids containing 18 carbon atoms such as commercial iso-stearic acid is treated to lower the freezing point to below -10.degree. C., by mixing with urea and a lower alcohol, such as methanol, and filtering. The product is useful in the production of low freezing point esters for use as lubricants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for recovering heat from deodorized edible oils and stabilizing the same comprising: introducing or injecting non-condensible inert gas into hot deodorized edible oil as the hot deodorized edible oil is cooled by indirectly heat exchanging with crude oil to be deodorized.

Abstract: An extraction process comprising contracting a material to be extracted with an extracting fluid at elevated pressure within a defined space, and separating the extracted fluid and extract as a mass, from the extracted material while reducing the volume of the defined space and while maintaining the elevated pressure within the defined space. Apparatus for carrying out the process is adapted to separate the extracting fluid and the extract, as a mass, from the extracted material, while maintaining elevated pressure and reducing the volume as the point of separation.

Abstract: The present invention provides an extractive separation method in which a solute contained in a medium can be efficiently extracted and separated with a lower consumption of energy under the remarkably gentle operating conditions. This method consists in that a medium containing a solute consisting of organic substances is brought into contact with a solvent consisting of organic substances or inorganic substances, which have the critical temperature of 5.degree. to 152.degree. C.

Abstract: Described is a process for the recovery of monoglycerides and diglycerides from a mixture containing monoglycerides, diglycerides and triglycerides by extraction with a supercritical extractant which comprises specific cosolvents. After the separation of the monoglycerides as bottom product in the separation column, the extract consisting of diglycerides and triglycerides is separated into diglycerides and triglycerides by fractionated pressure decrease and change of temperature in two consecutive regeneration columns. A portion of the product obtained in the first regeneration column is fed as reflux to the head of the separation column, and a portion of the product, obtained in the second regeneration column, is fed as reflux to the head of the first regeneration column for an improved separation.