Halogen Bonded Directly To The Metal Patents (Class 556/104)
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Patent number: 8772520Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a Pd(0)Ln complex, where L is a ligand and n is 2, 3 or 4, comprising the steps of: (a) reacting a Pd(II) complex in at least one solvent with a base and ligand L; and (b) if required, adding further base, optionally in at least one solvent, to form the Pd(0)Ln complex; wherein the at least one solvents in steps a and b are independently the same or different, and provided that when n=2, the Pd(II) complex is not bis[tri(ortho-tolyl)phosphine] palladium chloride. The invention also provides novel Pd(0)L2 and Pd(II) complexes.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 2010Date of Patent: July 8, 2014Assignee: Johnson Matthey Public Limited CompanyInventors: Thomas John Colacot, Gabriela Alexandra Grasa, Hongbo Li
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Patent number: 8633330Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing monoalkyltin trihalide or a mixture of monoalkyltin trihalide and dialkyltin dihalide by: (a) contacting dialkyltin dihalide with an alkylation agent and, optionally, tin tetrahalide, to form a tetraalkyltin mixture comprising tetraalkyltin, trialkyltin halide, and dialkyltin dihalide; (b) reacting the tetraalkyltin mixture with tin tetrahalide to form a monoalkyltin trihalide mixture comprising monoalkyltin trihalide, dialkyltin dihalide and optionally triaklyltin halide; (c) processing the monoalkyltin trihalide mixture to separately recover the monoalkyltin trihalide and a dialkyltin dihalide stream optionally containing trialkyltin halide; and (d) recycling at least a portion of the dialkyltin dihalide stream recovered in step (c) to the contacting step (a).Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 2011Date of Patent: January 21, 2014Assignee: PMC Organometallix, Inc.Inventors: George J. Merz, III, Michelle F. Walasavage, Berth Jan Deelman, Maarten D. K. Boele, Andrew R. Goddard, William D. Honnick
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Publication number: 20130184461Abstract: Mechanosynthesis trajectories are described which are approximately coaxial, and are shown to be useful in a wide range of mechanosynthesis reactions regardless of the nature of the tip or the feedstock being transferred.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 28, 2013Publication date: July 18, 2013Inventors: Robert A. Freitas, JR., Ralph C. Merkle
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Publication number: 20130178626Abstract: Processes are described for manufacturing atomically-precise tips using one or more tips in one or more mechanosynthetic reactions to create one or more atomically-precise tips. The processes may employ a variety of feedstock, binding any of a wide range of atoms to a workpiece to build the one or more atomically-precise tips. The processes result in atomically-precise mechanosynthesis tips with a wide variety of possible tip structures using a wide range of feedstock binding elements. Characteristics of such tips that may be used when designing new embodiments are also described.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 28, 2013Publication date: July 11, 2013Inventors: Robert A. Freitas, JR., Ralph C. Merkle
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Publication number: 20130178627Abstract: Methods and systems for building three-dimensional workpieces are described using a plurality of mechanosynthetic reactions. These methods may employ engineered reliability in reactions and process conditions and may use simulated or otherwise vetted reaction sequences, to allow workpieces requiring many reactions to be built with acceptable reliability. These many reactions may be the repetition of one or a small number of reactions, or many diverse reactions, or a combination thereof.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 28, 2013Publication date: July 11, 2013Inventors: Robert A. Freitas, JR., Ralph C. Merkle
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Publication number: 20120116109Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a Pd(0)Ln complex, where L is a ligand and n is 2, 3 or 4, comprising the steps of: (a) reacting a Pd(II) complex in at least one solvent with a base and ligand L; and (b) if required, adding further base, optionally in at least one solvent, to form the Pd(0)Ln complex; wherein the at least one solvents in steps a and b are independently the same or different, and provided that when n=2, the Pd(II) complex is not bis[tri(ortho-tolyl)phosphine] palladium chloride. The invention also provides novel Pd(0)L2 and Pd(II) complexes.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 12, 2010Publication date: May 10, 2012Applicant: Johnson Matthey Public Limited CompanyInventors: Thomas John Colacot, Gabriela Alexandra Grasa, Hongbo Li
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Patent number: 8101786Abstract: The reaction of halo-boron compounds (B—X compounds, compounds having one or more boron-halogen bonds) with silanes provides boranes (B—H compounds, compounds having one or more B—H bonds) and halosilanes. Inorganic hydrides, such as surface-bound silane hydrides (Si—H) react with B—X compounds to form B—H compounds and surface-bound halosilanes. The surface bound halosilanes are converted back to surface-bound silanes electrochemically. Halo-boron compounds react with stannanes (tin compounds having a Sn—H bond) to form boranes and halostannanes (tin compounds having a Sn—X bond). The halostannanes are converted back to stannanes electrochemically or by the thermolysis of Sn-formate compounds. When the halo-boron compound is BCl3, the B—H compound is B2H6, and where the reducing potential is provided electrochemically or by the thermolysis of formate.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 2010Date of Patent: January 24, 2012Assignee: Los Alamos National Security, LLCInventors: David L Thorn, William Tumas, Daniel E Schwarz, Anthony K Burrell
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Patent number: 7767840Abstract: Organometallic compounds suitable for use as vapor phase deposition precursors for Group IV metal-containing films are provided. Methods of depositing Group IV metal-containing films using certain organometallic precursors are also provided. Such Group IV metal-containing films are particularly useful in the manufacture of electronic devices.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 2008Date of Patent: August 3, 2010Assignee: Rohm and Haas Electronic Materials LLCInventors: Deodatta Vinayak Shenai-Khatkhate, Michael Brendan Power
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Patent number: 7399814Abstract: A highly active and environment-friendly catalyst for use in a living radical polymerization is provided. A catalyst for use in a living radical polymerization method is provided. The catalyst comprises a central element, which is selected from germanium, tin and antimony, and at least one halogen atom, which is bound to the central element. A monomer having a radical reactive unsaturated bond is subjected to a radical polymerization reaction under the presence of the catalyst, thereby it is possible to obtain a polymer having narrow molecular weight distribution. The present invention has the merits such as low toxicity of the catalyst, a small amount of the catalyst can be used, high solubility of the catalyst, mild reaction conditions, no coloration, no odor (unnecessary post-treatment of molded products). The method of the present invention is more environment-friendly and economical than a conventional living radical polymerization method.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 2006Date of Patent: July 15, 2008Assignee: Kyoto UniversityInventors: Atsushi Goto, Takeshi Fukuda, Yoshinobu Tsujii
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Patent number: 6846944Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the direct preparation of mixtures of monoalkyltin trichlorides RSnCl3 and dialkyltin dichlorides R2SnCl2 in one reaction step by partial alkylation of tin tetrachloride using alkylaluminum compounds in the form of their ether donor complexes, wherein an amount of ether greater than that required for stoichiometric formation of the donor complex is used in the reaction.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 2003Date of Patent: January 25, 2005Assignee: Crompton GmbHInventors: Oliver Schumacher, Liane Franke
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Patent number: 5693833Abstract: Disclosed is a process for converting an iodine-free organotin (IV) compound resulting from the decomposition of an organotin (IV) iodide during the catalytic isomerization of .gamma.,.delta.-epoxyalkenes to 2,5-dihydrofurans to the corresponding, catalytically active organotin (IV) iodide by intimately contacting a catalyst mixture comprising (i) an organotin (IV) iodide, (ii) an iodine-free organotin (IV) compound resulting from the decomposition of the organotin (IV) iodide of component (i), and (iii) a solvent selected from hydrocarbons and chlorocarbons with aqueous hydrogen iodide.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 1996Date of Patent: December 2, 1997Assignee: Eastman Chemical CompanyInventors: Stephen Neal Falling, Patricia Lopez
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Patent number: 5654457Abstract: The application relates to a method for the synthesis of finely particulate organic tin (oxy) fluorides by reacting mono-organic or diorganic tin oxides or hydroxides with fluoric acid, the reaction being carried out in the presence of surface active compounds.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1996Date of Patent: August 5, 1997Assignee: Th. Goldschmidt AG.Inventors: Stefan Bergfried, Dieter Guhl, Sven Uwe Vallerien
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Patent number: 5391790Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of the formula III ##STR1## comprising, deprotonating a solution or suspension of an indene of the formula I ##STR2## in a solvent or solvent mixture containing a base to give a suspension of a metallated product of the compound of formula I, adding to the suspension of the metallated product a compound of the formula IIX--R.sup.6 --X (II)and reacting the suspension of the metallated product and compound of the formula II.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1993Date of Patent: February 21, 1995Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Jurgen Rohrmann, Frank Kuber
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Patent number: 5126473Abstract: A process is described for the hydrided of halogen-substituted compounds of the second to fourth period of Groups III to V of the periodic system, with the exception of gallium, aluminum, carbon, or nitrogen. A finely-granulated aluminum is added to a molten salt melt that consists of 50-67 molar % AlCl.sub.3 (anhydrous) and 50 to 33 molar % of sodium chloride. Then to the stirred, or by some other means dispersed suspension, hydrogen is introduced to hydrided the finely-dispersed aluminum. Thereafter the mixture is reacted with the halogen-substituted compound and the resulting hydrided compound is renewed.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 1990Date of Patent: June 30, 1992Assignee: Degussa AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans-Juergen Klockner, Ralf Schmoll, Peter Panster, Peter Kleinschmit
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Patent number: 5059702Abstract: Stable isotope-labelled tetra-n-butyl(124)tin was synthesized by the reaction of n-butylmagnesium bromide with .sup.124 SnCl.sub.4 and tri-n-butyltin bromide was synthesized by bromine cleavage of the tetraalkyltin. The tri-n-butyl(124)tin compound labelled with the stable isotope .sup.124 Sn is useable in environmental, chemical and biological applications to determine the fate, uptake and metabolism of tributyltin compounds. This determination is made by tracing the chemical, biological and physical processes by using gas chromatography(GC) and electron impact low resolution mass spectrometry(MS). The simplified spectra of the isotopically enriched compounds leads to a twofold increase in detection sensitivity by the GC and MS techniques.Type: GrantFiled: September 29, 1989Date of Patent: October 22, 1991Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: Carol A. Dooley, John P. Testa, Jr.
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Patent number: 5041577Abstract: The present invention relates to (a) novel organogermanium compounds represented by the general formula (1) ##STR1## (R.sub.1 to R.sub.6 are independently a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; X is a halogen atom; and Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are independently a hydroxyl group or a group chemically equivalent thereto) or by the general formula (2) ##STR2## (R.sub.1 to R.sub.6 are independently a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and Z is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom), (b) processes for producing the above organogermanium compounds, and (c) an agent for inhibiting the activity of opioid peptide-degrading enzyme, containing the above organogermanium compounds as an active ingredient.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 1990Date of Patent: August 20, 1991Assignee: Asai Germanium Research Institute Co., Ltd.Inventors: Norihiro Kakimoto, Toru Yoshihara
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Patent number: 5008417Abstract: A process for the haloalkylation of certain tin, phosphorus and germanium halides is disclosed. The process is carried out typically in a halocarbon solvent at temperatures of less than 0.degree. C. using as the haloalkylating reagent an admixture of a haloalkyl halide and tris(lower alkylamino)phosphine.Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 1990Date of Patent: April 16, 1991Assignee: Ethyl CorporationInventor: G. Patrick Stahly
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Patent number: 4987245Abstract: Organotin fluorides, notably dialkyltin difluorides, well adpated for the manufacture of coated insulating glassware and having controlled morphology, are prepared by reacting a stannic compound, e.g., an organotin chloride, with a fluorinating agent, e.g., hydrofluoric acid or an ammonium fluoride, admixing the organotin fluoride thus produced in a solvent that is immiscible with the fluorinating agent but which solubilizes the organotin fluoride therein, subsequently or simutaneously heating the solvent medium to a temperature sufficient to release unreacted fluorinating agent therefrom, and cooling such solvent medium and thereby crystallizing therefrom an organotin fluoride having a controlled morphology, e.g., well defined platelets having a characteristic DTA spectrum.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 1989Date of Patent: January 22, 1991Assignee: Rhone-Poulenc ChimieInventor: Lionel Bonneau
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Patent number: 4965383Abstract: A method for preparing dibutyl tin difluoride which comprises reacting dibutyl tin chloride and ammonium difluoride to form dibutyl tin difluoride; dissolving the dibutyl tin difluoride in an appropriate solvent to form a solution; adding a refractory powder having a predetermined particle size to the solution to act as a recrystallization initiator; rapidly cooling the solution to recrystallize the dibutyl tin difluoride; washing the recrystallized dibutyl tin difluoride at least once with a suitable solvent; and recovering a final dibutyl tin difluoride product having spherical grains averaging 15-25 microns in size which are free of alkaline-earth and alkali impurities. The products produced by this process.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 1987Date of Patent: October 23, 1990Assignee: Saint-Gobain VitrageInventors: Jean-Pierre Kerherve, Armel Queromes
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Patent number: 4694091Abstract: A method for preparing dibutyl tin difluoride which comprises reacting dibutyl tin chloride and ammonium difluoride to form dibutyl tin difluoride; dissolving the dibutyl tin difluoride in an appropriate solvent to form a solution; adding a refractory powder having a predetermined particle size to the solution to act as a recrystallization initiator; rapidly cooling the solution to recrystallize the dibutyl tin difluoride; washing the recrystallized dibutyl tin difluoride at least once with a suitable solvent; and recovering a final dibutyl tin difluoride product having spherical grains averaging 15-25 microns in size which are free of alkaline-earth and alkali impurities. The products produced by this process.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 1985Date of Patent: September 15, 1987Assignee: Saint Gobain VitrageInventors: Jean-Pierre Kerherve, Armel Queromes
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Patent number: 4578489Abstract: Ammonium stannates of the formula[(R.sup.1).sub.a (R.sup.2).sub.b N(R.sup.3).sub.c (R.sup.4).sub.d ].sub.n.sup..sym. [(R.sup.7).sub.q SnX.sub.r Y.sub.t ].sub.w.sup.n.crclbar.(I)in which the symbols R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.7, X, Y, a, b, c, d, n, q, r, t and w are as defined in the description, are effective biocides. They can be used both for the protection of materials and for protecting crop plants. Their good solubility in water and their low volatility are particularly valuable properties.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1983Date of Patent: March 25, 1986Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Wolfgang Wehner, Reinhardt Grade
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Patent number: 4547320Abstract: Tin compounds, a process for the preparation thereof, a process for the preparation of a medicine using such a tin compound for the treatment of malignant tumors in mice as well as the shaped medicine thus obtained.This invention relates to novel tin compounds, a pharmaceutical composition using the novel compounds and methods for treating cancer using the pharmaceutical composition.Type: GrantFiled: September 13, 1982Date of Patent: October 15, 1985Assignee: Nederlandse Centrale Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk OnderzoekInventors: Eric J. Bulten, Hendrik A. Budding