Abstract: This invention is directed to the use of polysiloxane acrylates in solid electrolytes containing a solid polymeric matrix. The solid electrolytes are used in electrochemical cells for secondary batteries.

Abstract: In a process for producing trialkoxysilanes by reaction of a metallic silicon and an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, the reaction is effected (1) using as the metallic silicon one containing 0.30 to 0.37% by weight of aluminum, (2) using as the catalyst cuprous chloride prepared by a wet process, and (3) allowing aluminum and/or an aluminum compound to coexist, thereby securing a high conversion rate of metallic silicon, and accordingly decreasing the amount of unreacted metallic silicon and suppressing discharge of industrial wastes with eliminating environmental problems.

Abstract: A sealant made from a room temperature curing polydimethylsiloxane composition has a siloxaphobic surface layer at the air-sealant interface where this layer is a fluorocarbon compound and a drying oil oxidation product. Elastomeric compositions made from polydimethylsiloxanes having both low reactivity endgroups and high reactivity endgroups and a siloxaphobic agent of fluorocarbon alcohol or a reaction product of the fluorocarbon alcohol and a hydrolyzable silane, are particularly useful for sealing buildings because they can withstand the expansions and contractions. One siloxaphobic agent is the reaction product between a fluorocarbon alcohol and a methyltri(methylethylketoximo)silane and the formula of one of the reaction product compounds is ##STR1## wherein x has an average value of at least 6.

Abstract: A process for producing a trialkoxysilane comprising reacting metallic silicon and an alkyl alcohol having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst, in which the reaction is carried out in a gaseous phase in the presence of a halide. The process achieves a high selectivity of a trialkoxysilane and a high conversion of silicon while inhibiting formation of by-products. Where the process of the present invention is carried out in a fluidized bed system, a satisfactory fluid state can be maintained, and the reaction temperature can easily be controlled.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method of preparing siloxane bonds. The method comprises reacting less than or equal to 1 equivalent of a carboxylic acid with 2 equivalents of alkoxy groups on an alkoxysilane in the presence of a strong acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method of preparing alkoxysilanes and oligomeric alkoxysiloxanes. The method comprises reacting a metal silicate with an acid selected from the group consisting of sulfurous acid and acids with a pKa greater than about 2.5 in the presence of an alcohol. The resultant product is then reacted with an alcohol to form the alkoxysilane or oligomeric alkoxysiloxane, depending on the starting silicate. This method is particularly valuable since the reaction conditions are mild and the reactants are readily available.

Abstract: A catalyst for hydrogenation, dehydrosilylation of ketones, or hydrosililation of dienes or acetylenes, comprising a complex represented the the formula:A.sup.+ [M.sub.2 H(C)).sub.10 ].sup.-wherein A.sup.+ represents an alkali metal cation, an ammonium cation, an iminium cation, or a phosphonium cation; and M represents a chromium atom, a molybdenum atom, or a tungsten atom; anda process for producing dehydrosilylation products of ketones or hydrosilylation products of dienes or acetylenes, which is characterized by using the complex as a catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for preparing alkoxysilanes by the contact of silicon with a solution of hydrogen fluoride in a liquid primary or secondary alcohol. The hydrogen fluoride activates the silicon causing the formation of alkoxysilanes to occur more rapidly and can provide selectivity for the production of dialkoxysilanes and trialkoxysilanes. The process may be run in the presence of copper or a copper compound as a catalyst. The process is advantageously run using atomized silicon.

Abstract: In a trimethoxysilane preparation from silicon metal and methanol which preparation uses a solvent, a method for removing a siloxane dissolved in the solvent, which method comprises contacting the solvent with a boron-oxygen compound, and optionally an alkali metal alkoxide such as sodium methoxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing clear and colorless alkoxysilane monomers from the reaction of a silazane with an organic alcohol in the presence of an inorganic acid catalyst. The inorganic acid catalyst is present in a critical range from 20 parts per million (ppm) to 300 ppm. Inorganic acid catalysts used within this critical range eliminate the need for a purification step in the process.

Abstract: Benzoic acid derivatives represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen or lower-alkyl, R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 represent hydrogen, trimethylsilyl, or trimethylgermyl, R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, lower-alkyl, trimethylsilyl, or trimethylgermyl, R.sub.5 represents hydrogen, lower-alkyl, acetyl, or hydroxy, at least one of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 being trimethylsilyl or trimethylgermyl, and R.sub.6 means hydroxy, lower-alkoxy, or a group of the formula --NR.sub.7 R.sub.8, wherein R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 mean hydrogen or lower-alkyl, and X represents a group of the formula --CONH--, --NHCO--, --COO--, --OCO--, --COCH.dbd.CH--, --COCH.dbd.C(OH)--, or --CH.dbd.CH--, which exhibit excellent effect as differentiation-inducing agents for neoplastic cells, especially leukemia cells, or a therapeutic agent for psoriasis or immune and inflammatory diseases, and a process for the preparation thereof, are disclosed.

Abstract: New dienoxysilanes of the general formula: ##STR1## and new .alpha.-halo .alpha.-ethylene aldehydes to which they give access, having the general formula: ##STR2## These new compounds constitute important synthesis intermediates opening a new path for access to macrolides such as pyrenophorine, norpyrenophorine or vermiculine.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing alkoxysilanes of the general formula (R.sup.2) .sub.a SiH(OR.sup.1).sub.b in which R.sup.1 is a lower alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a is 0 or 1, and b is 2 or 3 by the reaction of metallic silicon, an alcohol, and an acetal and/or an orthocarboxylic acid ester in the presence of a copper catalyst and provides a novel process for preparing directly and advantageously alkoxysilanes having one hydrogen atom linked to the silicon atom, particularly alkyldialkoxysilanes and trialkoxysilanes.

Abstract: An organosilicon compound having the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents the methyl group or the ethyl group, R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of from 1 to 3. This compound is useful in preparing room temperature vulcanizable organopolisiloxane compositions which have good storage stability, and release no smelly or corrosive condensation by-product on curing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing solvent-soluble polyorganosilsesquioxanes of the formula; ##STR1## wherein each R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or halogen-substituted alkyl group of 1-5 carbon atoms, or substituted or unsubstituted phenyl of 6-10 carbon atoms, and n is 2-10,000; which comprises reacting an organotriacetoxysilane with a stoichiometric quantity of alcohol and/or water in an organic solvent to obtain a diacetoxymonoalkoxysilane, which is condensation polymerized in the presence of sodium hydrogencarbonate to obtain a prepolymer, which prepolymer is then condensation polymerized by heat in the presence of a catalyst selected from alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal fluorides, alkaline earth metal fluorides and triethylamine.

Abstract: A continuous process for producing trimethoxysilane by reacting methanol and silicon metal in the presence of a copper catalyst, and optionally in an inert solvent, in a multiple reactor system containing at least three reactors by having methanol in substantially vapor form flow countercurrently to a stream containing the silicon metal.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for the production of selected methoxysilanes in high yield. The process involves reacting methanol with a silazane at a temperature greater than the boiling point of product methoxysilane and less than the temperature of methanol. Under these temperature conditions rapid removal of product methoxysilanes from the reaction mixture occurs minimizing undesirable reactions which can reduce yield of the process. The described process has been found useful for the production of dimethylmethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, and methyldimethoxysilane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to .beta.-lactam compound having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a trialkylsilyl group, dimethyl-1,1,2-trimethylpropylsilyl group, acetyl group, benzyloxycarbonyl group, O-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl group, p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl group or t-butyl group, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are a member selected from the group consisting of a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, phenyl group and an aralkyl group and a process for preparing the compound which comprises reacting enolsilylethers having the formula (III): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are as above, with chlorosulfonylisocyanate and then reducing the obtained product. The .beta.-lactam compound of the present invention is a useful intermediate for preparing carbapenem .beta.-lactam compound.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of alpha,alpha-difluoroketones from alpha,alpha-difluoroacylsilanes and intermediates therefor.

Abstract: A dehydrogenative silylation process of organic compounds having active hydrogen which comprises reacting an organic compound having active hydrogen with t-butyldimethylsilane in the presence of a catalyst which is a metal of Group VIII of the periodic table or its compound. The reaction may be carried out in a solvent. When the organic compound is a strongly acidic compound, the reaction may be carried out without use of any catalyst.

Abstract: A polymer of an epoxy compound is selectively obtained by polymerizing an epoxy compound having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, by using an initiator comprising a silyl ether represented by the general formul (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl group, in the presence of an inorganic fluoride catalyst, thereby preparing a polyether having a silyloxy group in its terminal.

Abstract: A process for preparing a perfluoroalkyl-substituted compound is disclosed. The process comprises reacting a halopolyfluoroalkane having 1 to 20 carbon atoms with a compound selected from the group consisting of (1) a substituted or unsubstituted ethylene, (2) a substituted or unsubstituted acetylene and (3) a substituted or unsubstituted allylsilane, in the presence of a metal-carbonyl complex of the metal of the Group VIII of the Periodic Table. Alternatively, the reaction between the halopolyfluoroalkane and the substituted or unsubstituted allylsilane is effected under radical generating condition.

Abstract: A process for producing trimethoxysilane by reacting methanol and silicon metal in the presence of a copper catalyst, and optionally an inert solvent, in which the trimethoxysilane-methanol azeotrope is recycled, characterized by maintaining a 60% methanol conversion.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of perfluoroalkyl compounds which comprises reacting a perfluoroalkyl-trimethylsilane of the general formula (CH.sub.3).sub.3 Si-C.sub.n F.sub.2n+1 (I), wherein the group C.sub.n F.sub.2n+1 represents a perfluoroalkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, with a carbonyl compound of the general formula F.sup.1 --CO--R.sup.2 (II), wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrocarbon group or hydrogen and R.sup.2 represents a hydrocarbon group, a perfluoroalkyl group or a perfluoroaryl group, but wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together may also be part of an alicyclic ring system, in the presence of a salt-like fluoride--which is at least partially soluble in the reaction medium--as a catalyst to yield a silylether of the formula ##STR1## and isolating this compound or hydrolyzing it to yield an alcohol of the formula IV ##STR2## The invention also relates to pentafluoroethyl trimethylsilane (CH.sub.3).sub.3 Si--CF.sub.2 CF.sub.3 and a process for the preparation of this compound.

Abstract: Process for preparing a silyl ketene acetal adduct, the process comprising contacting and reacting a silyl ketene acetal and an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated compound in the presence of a mercury- or Lewis acid-containing catalyst, for example, HgI.sub.2.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with an improved process for producing trialkoxysilanes comprising (i) an activation step where elemental silicon and a copper catalyst are activated, (ii) a reaction step where an alcohol is contacted with elemental silicon and the copper catalyst to allow it to react with the elemental silicon and (iii) a purification step where reaction product obtained is separated and/or refined, which is characterized in that a halide is introduced into the reaction system and/or mixture in one or more of the above steps (i) to (iii). With the introduction of a halide, the lowering in the selectivity of trialkoxysilanes can be prevented, and the percentage of elemental silicon reacted can be increased. In addition, the trialkoxysilanes contained in the reaction product can be stabilized.

Abstract: A method for removing silane compounds from exhaust gases containing silanes comprises treating the silane containing gas with a metal alcholate in alcoholic solution to form a tetraalkoxysilane.

Abstract: An efficient method is proposed for the synthesis of an unsaturated alcohol of the general formula R--CH.dbd.CH(CH.sub.2).sub.n+1 OH, in which R is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and the subscript n is an integer in the range from 3 to 10, in which an acetate of the formula R--CH.dbd.CHCH.sub.2 OCOCH.sub.3 is subjected to a coupling reaction with a Grignard reagent of the formula X.sup.1 Mg(CH.sub.2).sub.n OMgX.sup.2, in which X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are each a halogen atom, and then the reaction product is hydrolyzed. When the reaction product of the coupling reaction is reacted with acetic anhydride instead of hydrolysis, the corresponding acetate can readily be obtained. These unsaturated alcohols and acetates form a class of important biologically active compounds or intermediates thereof including sex pheromone compounds of insects.

Abstract: 6-halo-3-methyl-1-trialkylsilyloxy-1,3,5-hexatriene, useful as an intermediate in the preparation of terpene compounds, is prepared by reaction of a 6-halohexadienal with a halo-silane in the presence of a tertiary amine.

Abstract: This invention resides in a process for production of predominantly a 1,4-O-metallation product of a hydride of silicon, germanium, or tin with an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyl compound. The reaction involved takes place in the presence of a heterogeneous noncomplexed rhodium-containing catalyst. This invention also resides in 1,4-O-metallation compositions having perfluoroalkyl R groups on either side of the C.dbd.C bond of an enol ether or on the acetal side of the C.dbd.C bond of a ketene acetal.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of silyl ketene acetals of the formula,R.sub.2 C.dbd.C(OSiR.sub.n X.sub.3-n)(OZ)or ##STR1## The process comprises contacting an alpha-ester of a carboxylic acid with an alkali metal in the presence of an excess of an organohalosilane, wherein the alpha-ester has the formula, ##STR2## and the organohalosilane has the formula,R.sub.n SiX.sub.4-n ;and facilitating reaction among the alpha-ester, the alkali metal, and the organochlorosilane to form the silyl ketene acetal and an alkali metal halide or an alkali metal alkoxide.

Abstract: A process is provided for making alkylalkoxysilane by reacting a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl alcohol in the presence of an effective catalytic amount of copper metal and an alkali metal carboxylate catalyst. Preferably, silicon and methanol are reacted in the presence of copper metal and potassium formate catalysts to produce methyltrimethyoxysilane.

Abstract: Alkyl cycloalkyl dialkoxysilanes (e.g., methyl cyclohexyl dimethoxysilane) can be prepared by reaction of an alkyl trialkoxysilane (e.g., methyl trimethoxysilane) with a Grignard reagent containing the cycloalkyl moiety derived in the final end-product (e.g., a reagent formed by reacting cyclohexyl chloride and magnesium metal). The reaction is run in the absence of ether solvent, the Grignard reagent is preferably formed in situ by the reaction of magnesium metal and cyclohexyl halide, and agitation is used to promote the reaction. Advantageously, a catalyst, such as iodine, is used to promote the reaction.

Abstract: Alkoxysilanes are prepared by reacting halosilanes with monohydric alcohols and a trialkyl phosphite.

Abstract: A process for producing controlled trialkoxysilane/tetraalkoxysilane mixtures by the direct reaction of silicon metal with an alcohol in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a copper catalyst and mixed solvents, wherein at least one solvent is inert and does not degrade under the reaction conditions and at least one other solvent promotes the reaction between trialkoxysilanes and alcohol.

Abstract: A process for producing a tetraalkoxysilane by subjecting silicon and a lower alkyl alcohol to catalytic reaction in the presence of an alkali metal alkoxide catalyst is provided, which process comprises carrying out the catalytic reaction at 50.degree.-400.degree. C., adding a specified ether compound, and which process affords such advantages that the alkali metal alkoxide catalyst well dissolves in the reaction mixture to make it possible to easily carry out the reaction; whether Si-containing particles as raw material for Si are fine or coarse, the reaction can be carried at an increased reaction rate; and the yield of the tetraalkoxysilane per hour per unit weights of raw materials is high.

Abstract: A novel method is proposed for the synthesis of an organopolysiloxane having two hydrogen atoms directly bonded to the same silicon atom at the molecular chain end. The method comprises mixing a dihydro isopropenyloxy silane with an organosilicon compound having at least one silanolic hydroxy group so that a condensation reaction takes place between the isopropenyloxy group of the former reactant and the silanol group of the latter reactant forming acetone as a by-product. The method is advantageous in respect of the absence of any acidic or basic by-product contained in the product as an impurity in the conventional methods.

Abstract: A vapor phase process for the synthesis of alkoxysilanes of the general formula HSi(OR'").sub.x (R").sub.3-x which comprises reacting(a) a silane of the general formulaHSi(NRR').sub.x (R").sub.3-xwherein R, R' and R" are individually hydrogen or an aryl or alkyl group optionally containing unsaturation, each having from one to eight carbon atoms inclusive, and where R' may also be an alkoxy or carbamato group and where x has a value of from one to three; with(b) an alcohol of the general formulaR'"OHwherein R'" is an aryl group, or an alkyl group optionally containing unsaturation, each having from one to twenty carbon atoms inclusive and optionally substituted said reaction taking place in the presence of(c) a catalystin which both the silane and the alcohol are present in gaseous form in a stoichiometric ratio of 0.4 to 1.05 moles of alcohol per mole of silicon-nitrogen bonds and where said catalyst is present in an amount from 0.01 to 10 mole percent of the silicon-nitrogen bonds.

Abstract: A process for producing trialkoxysilane by the direct reaction of silicon metal with an alcohol, ROH, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of copper (II) hydroxide, wherein R is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Acrylated silicone polymers are prepared by reacting limoneneoxide-functional silicones with acrylic acid or a substituted acrylic acid in the presence of a catalyst selected from tetraalkylurea (e.g. tetramethylurea), tetraalkylguanidine (e.g. tetramethylguanide) or mixtures thereof. Adhesion of the resulting ultraviolet light curable compositions to various substrates, especially super calendared kraft papers, can be improved with the addition of N-vinylpyrrolidinone.

Abstract: A diorganopolysiloxane terminated at both molecular chain ends each with a monohydrocarbyl dialkoxy silyl group, which is useful as a base ingredient in room temperature-curable silicone rubber compositions, is prepared by first reacting a silanol-terminated diorganopolysiloxane with a monohydrocarbyl tri(ketoxime) silane to replace the silanolic hydroxy group with a monohydrocarbyl di(ketoxime) siloxy group and then reacting the oxime-terminated diorganopolysiloxane with a monohydric alcohol, e.g. methyl alcohol, to replace the ketoxime groups with alkoxy groups. The reactions can proceed under very mild conditions without any catalyst so that the desired alkoxy-terminated diorganopolysiloxane is obtained in a high purity.

Abstract: A process for forming trihalomethylsiloxanes by contacting a trihalosilane with a carbonyl in the presence of the fluoride ion. These compounds are used to form .alpha.-substituted acid chlorides.

Abstract: An .alpha.-fluoroalkyl carboxylic acid ester of the general formula ##STR1## wherein A is R.sup.1 R.sup.2 COR.sup.3 -- or R.sup.4 CO--, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxyl or phenyl, with or without the formation of a common ring therebetween, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sup.4 and R are independently alkyl, and R.sub.f is fluoroalkyl. The .alpha.-fluoroalkyl carboxylic acid ester is prepared by reacting a fluoroalkyl silyl ketene acetal of the formula ##STR2## wherein R' is alkyl and R.sub.f and R are the same as defined above, with the corresponding acetal, ketone or acyl halide.

Abstract: Acrylated silicone polymers are prepared by reacting limoneneoxide-functional silicones with acrylic acid or a substituted acrylic acid in the presence of a catalyst selected from tetraalkylurea (e.g. tetramethylurea), tetraalkylguanidine (e.g. tetramethylguanide) or mixtures thereof. Adhesion of the resulting ultraviolet light curable compositions to various substrates, especially super calendared kraft papers, can be improved with the addition of N-vinylpyrrolidinone.

Abstract: Process for silylating an organic or an organosilicon compound having at least one hydroxyl group bonded to carbon or to silicon, wherein the compound is contacted with both (i) a bis-triorganosilyl(alkylenediamine) and (ii) a triorganohalosilane.The process can be employed for the silylation of intermediates in the production of pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: A process for the addition of compounds containing silicon-bonded hydrogen to compounds containing aliphatic unsaturation. The process is activated by actinic radiation and is conducted in the presence of a platinum complex having one cyclopentadienyl group that is eta-bonded to the platinum atom and three aliphatic groups that are sigma-bonded to the platinum atom.

Abstract: Tetraalkyl orthosilicates may be prepared in good yield by contacting an alkanol having 1 to about 4 carbon atoms with copper-activated silicon synthesized by heating a mixture of cupric oxide and silicon particles at elevated temperatures at a temperature of about 120.degree.-250.degree. C. under autogeneous pressure.

Abstract: In an improved catalytic process for preparing trialkylsilyl ethers from trialkylsilyl compounds and carbonyl group-containing compounds, the improvement consisting of using an organic or inorganic bifluoride (HF.sub.2.sup..crclbar.) as the catalyst.

Abstract: Ethyl orthosilicate is produced by contacting silicon metal with a mixture of methanol and ethanol in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate at a temperature of at least 130.degree. C. The methyl orthosilicates produced are converted to ethyl orthosilicate by transesterification with ethanol.

Abstract: A process whereby silanes of the general formula:HSi(NRR').sub.x (R").sub.3-xwherein R, R' and R" are independently an aliphatic or aromatic, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having from one to eight carbon atoms, inclusive and R and R' may also be hydrogen and where R" may also be alkoxy and where x has a value from one to three are reacted in the presence of a catalyst with alcohols in the stoichiometry of approximately one equivalent of alcohol per mole of silicon-nitrogen bond to give unexpectedly high yields of alkoxyhydridosilanes. In the reaction the silyl amine groups have been replaced by alkoxide groups without significant loss of the silicon-hydrogen group. Similar reactions in the absence of a catalyst give undesirably low yields of the corresponding alkoxy silanes and, in most cases, substantial loss of silyl hydrogen groups.