Abstract: The invention relates to phosphoric acid esters of polyether-modified alkyl alcohols, to their preparation and to a use of phosphoric acid esters of polyether-modified alkyl alcohols for generating shine on a surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to alkylphosphonous acids, salts and esters of formula (I) A-P(?O)(OX)—H (I) wherein A is C2-C20alkyl, C2-C20alkylene, and C8-C20 alkaryl are optionally substituted, and X is H, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkenyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, alkenyl, ammonium, primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary alkyl and/or aryl ammonium, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a metal of the third and fourth main group and the second, fourth and eight sub-group or a metal of the lanthanoid group. The invention also relates to methods for producing same and to the uses of said compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing monohydroxy-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acids, esters, and salts, characterized in that a) a phosphinic acid source (I) is reacted with olefins (IV) in the presence of a catalyst A to obtain an alkylphosphonous acid, the salt or ester (II) thereof, b) the, obtained alkylphosphonous acid, the salt or ester (II) thereof is reacted with alkylene oxides of formula (V) in the presence of a catalyst B to obtain a monofunctionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (III), wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 are identical or different from each other and independently represent, inter alia, H, C1-C18-alkyl, C6-C18-aryl, C6-C18-aralkyl, C6-C18-alkylaryl, and X represents H, C1-C18-alkyl, C6-C18-aryl, C6-C18-aralkyl, C6-C18-alkylaryl, Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Fe, Zr, Zn, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Cu, Ni, Li, Na, K and/or a protonated nitrogenous base, catalyst A represents transition metals and/or transition metal compounds and/or catalyst systems composed of a transiti

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing mono-hydroxyfunctionalized dialkylphosphinic acids and esters and salts thereof, characterized in that a) a phosphinic acid source (I) is reacted with olefins (IV) to yield an alkylphosphonic acid, salt or ester (II) thereof in the presence of a catalyst A, b) the thus obtained alkylphosphonic acid, salt or ester (II) thereof is reacted with acetylenic compounds of formula (V) to yield a mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VI) in the presence of a catalyst B, and c) the thus obtained mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VI) is reacted with carbon monoxide to yield a mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VII) in the presence of a catalyst C, and d) the thus obtained mono-functionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (VII); is reacted to yield a mono-hydroxyfunctionalized dialkylphosphinic acid derivative (III) in the presence of a catalyst D, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 are the same or different and stan

Abstract: A flame retarder containing a phosphate obtained by reacting a compound represented by the general formula (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are, the same or different, a straight or branched-chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms,with at least one compound represented by the general formula (III): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are, the same or different, a hydrogen atom or a straight or branched-chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing phosphinic esters which comprisesa) reacting elemental yellow phosphorus with alkyl halides in the presence of alkali metal hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxide to form a mixture which comprises as main constituents the alkali metal salts and/or alkaline earth metal salts of alkylphosphonous acid, phosphorous acid and hypophosphorous acidb) removing the alkylphosphonous acid from the mixture obtained as described in a),c) esterifying the alkylphosphonous acid,d) adding the resultant ester of the alkylphosphonous acid to a compound having at least one C.dbd.C double bond.The invention likewise relates to the use of the phosphinic esters prepared by this process inter alia as flame retardants and as precursor for further syntheses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing phosphonous esters which comprisesa) reacting elemental yellow phosphorus with alkyl halides in the presence of alkali metal hydroxides and/or alkaline earth metal hydroxides to form a mixture which comprises, as main components, the alkali metal salts and/or alkaline earth metal salts of the alkylphosphonous, phosphorous and hypophosphorous acids,b) removing the alkylphosphonous acid from the mixture obtained by a)c) esterifying the alkylphosphonous acid.The invention likewise relates to the use of the phosphonous esters prepared by this process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition which comprises a phosphatized alicyclic compound represented by the formula (I), (II), (III), (VII) or (IX), shown in the specification.The composition of the present invention is useful as an antigassing agent for a water-based coating composition containing metallic, for example, aluminum powder or flake pigments for coating automobile bodies, etc., a flame retardant for various resins and a water-based ink, and the like.

Abstract: A leather modifier containing a compound which is obtainable through a reaction of an ethylene oxide derivative having a fluorine-containing group with a phosphorus compound is disclosed. A leather treated with the modifier has much improved properties.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formulae (I) and (II) in which:R.sup.1 =H or CH.sub.3 ;X=O or S;R.sup.2 =C.sub.1-12 straight-chain or branched alkylene groups, monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkylene and heterocycloalkylene groups, alkylarylene and arylalkylene groups;R.sup.6 =H or C.sub.1-12 alkyl and aryl radicals;R.sup.3 =C.sub.1-20 alkyl and aryl radicals, --(CH.sub.2).sub.p SR.sup.4 groups where p=integer from 2 to 12 and R.sup.4 =C.sub.1-20 alkyl, and ##STR1## where q is an integer from 2 to 12 and R.sup.5 =H or CH.sub.3.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures of oligomeric phosphoric acid esters which carry hydroxyalkoxy groups, of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is a hydroxyl-containing radical of the formula IIa,R.sub.2 is a radical of the formula III ##STR2## R.sub.3 is a radical of the formula IIb, R.sub.4 is R.sub.1 or R.sub.3 ; R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are an H atom or an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, m is 0 to 4, n is 1 to 4 q is 0 to 20 and q (the mean) is 0.5 to 10.The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the mixtures and to their use as reactive flameproofing agents in polyurethane foams.

Abstract: Addition products of monoepoxides or diepoxides of mono- or polyunsaturated monocyclic or bicyclic hydrocarbons and dithiophosphoric acids, a process for the production of the adducts from the corresponding dithiophosphoric acids and epoxides and the use of the addition products as lubricant additives in lubricants based on mineral oils or native oils.

Abstract: A novel phosphobetaine is disclosed. This compound is very excellence in that it exerts a conditioning effect of imparting a good feel to the skin or hair, is excellent in humidifying properties, is available at a low price, and thus it is highly usable in detergents, cosmetics, a bathing preparation and the like. A detergent composition, a cosmetic, and a bathing preparation each containing the phosphobetaine are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of preparing a soluble monovalent salt of a phosphatidyl ester which comprises reacting a phospholipid with a primary alcohol in the presence of an enzyme catalyst in a divalent cationic buffered solution and a water immiscible non-ether solvent that does not inactivate the enzyme, to form a divalent cationic salt of the phosphatidyl ester, and suspending the product in the presence of a stoichiometric amount of a monovalent cationic salt whose anion forms an insoluble salt with the divalent cation. The use of Centrifugal Partition Chromatography facilitates the enzyme reaction. The monovalent salt is preferably an ammonium/sodium mixed salt.

Abstract: A system and method for motion detection in a composite video signal is disclosed. These dimensional (horizontal, vertical and time) analysis is performed on actual picture element content to monitor variations therein. Vector generation, approximation and analysis gives information on picture element content for intra-field, inter-frame and inter-field signal processing. Additionally, noise immunity through selection of a convergence zone for the disclosed vector analysis is also provided. Control signals for further video signal processing are likewise generated.

Abstract: A process for the direct esterification of o-phosphoric acid with aliphatic fatty alcohols and/or adducts thereof with alkylene oxides and alkylphenol alkoxylates, in the presence of a substoichiometric quantity of a basic, inorganic or organic compound and a water-entraining agent.

Abstract: Alkyl hydroxyalkyl orthophosphoric acid esters, particularly mixtures thereof, corresponding to the following formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent C.sub.6 -C.sub.22 alkyl groups and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, a group R.sup.1 or a group --CH.sub.2 --CH(OH)--R.sup.2. The esters are prepared by reaction of phosphorus pentoxide with fatty alcohol and reaction of the phosphoric acid partial esters formed with long-chain .alpha.-epoxides. After conversion of the compounds corresponding to formula I, in which R.sup.3 is hydrogen, into the salt form, the new alkyl hydroxyalkyl orthophosphoric acid ester mixtures are particularly suitable as emulsifiers for oil-water emulsion.

Abstract: Adhesion promoters for metal substrates for paints cross-linkable with U.V. or E.B. radiations or with peroxides of general formula: ##STR1## (wherein R, m and n have the meaning which we will specify in the disclosure), obtained by means of the reaction of glycidyl acrylate and/or glycidyl methacrylate with dihydrophosphonoacetic acid.

Abstract: Novel phosphoric esters of the general formula ##STR1## in which X represents a halogen, R.sub.1 represents a linear or branched alkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl group having from 1 to 36 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group substituted with a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 represents an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, n is a value of from 0 to 30, and M represents a hydrogen atom, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, or an alkylamine or alkanolamine salt are prepared by reacting a salt of a phosphoric monoester of the general formula (II) ##STR2## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and n have, respectively, the same meanings as defined above, and M.sub.1 represents an alkali metal, with an epihalohydrin of the general formula (III) ##STR3## in which X has the same meaning as defined above, and optionally, converting the resulting product into a free acid or a different salt.

Abstract: A process for preparing an alkali metal salt of a phosphoric ester represented by the following general formula (III): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 means an organic group, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 denote individually a hydrogen atom or organic group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 may optionally be coupled together into a ring, and M stands for an alkali metal, which comprises reacting a monoalkali metal salt of an organophosphoric monoester, represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and M have the same meaning as defined above, with an epoxy compound represented by the following general formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 have the same meaning as defined above.

Abstract: A phosphoric ester of the following formula (I): ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched and substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 32 carbon atoms, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are the same or different and represent a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sub.5 represents a hydrogen atom, a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of from 0 to 50.The above novel phosphoric acid ester has excellent detergent performance with very low irritations to living body.A manufacturing method of the ester is also disclosed. According to the method, the ester can be prepared from inexpensive, readily available starting materials by a simple procedure in high purity and high yield.

Abstract: Disclosed is a water-soluble coolant for formation of drawn and ironed cans, which comprises an aqueous solution containing 0.1 to 20% by weight of a phosphorus-containing compound obtained by esterifying an epoxidation product of at least one higher unsaturated fatty acid or its ester with phosphoric acid.

Abstract: The compounds of S-(2-dialkylaminoalkyl) alkyl phosphonothioic acids and hod of preparing said compounds possessing anticholinesterase activity comprising an aqueous solution which comprises dialkylaminoalkyl chloride salts which are converted to their corresponding dialkylmonoalkyl ammonium ions and alkylphosphonothioic acids forming a reaction mixture. The latter mixture is placed on a cation exchange resin with subsequent addition of water as an eluting agent giving rise to fractions containing the desired compounds.