Abstract: Mixtures of three types of linear, branched or cyclic phosphates are useful flame retardants, especially for thermoplastic resins or as functional additives in polymer matrices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing a polymerizable phosphate containing at least one selected from polymerizable phosphates represented by formula (II), (III) or (IV) by a batch reaction, including a step of adding a compound represented by formula (I) into a mixture of a polymerizable phosphate reaction product containing at least one selected from polymerizable phosphates represented by formula (II), (III) or (IV), obtained by a pre-batch reaction, and phosphoric acid anhydride to react them: wherein R1 represents H or a C1-4 alkyl group, R2 represents a C2-6 alkylene group and n denotes an integer from 1 to 3.

Abstract: A method of making hydroxymethylphosphonate comprising heating paraformaldehyde in a solvent to a desired reaction temperature, wherein the solvent is present in at least an amount necessary to solvate or suspend the paraformaldehyde; adding at least one alkyl phosphite to the heated paraformaldehyde, to provide hydroxymethylphosphonate, the alkyl phosphite being added to the heated paraformaldehyde at a rate which will avoid or inhibit the production of a significant exotherm and resulting high/significant level of acid by-product(s), there being present in the reaction medium at least one hindered amine catalyst in which the nitrogen in the amine is directly bound to a secondary and/or tertiary carbon of an organic group; and, optionally, following the completion of the addition, heating the reaction mixture to an elevated temperature.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a phosphate ester is disclosed. A triaryl phosphate is reacted with an alcohol in the presence of a catalytic quantity of a base to produce the phosphate ester product. The base has a base strength of less than 11, and is preferably potassium fluoride or potassium carbonate. Trialkyl phosphates, dialkyl monoaryl phosphates, monoalkyl diaryl phosphates, and mixtures of these compounds can be produced by this process.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the production of asymmetrical phosphoric acid diesters.The process is characterized in that a phosphoric acid ester is condensed with a compound containing hydroxy groups in the presence of an arylsulfonic acid chloride and an organic base, the residue of evaporation is stirred out with an organic solvent after the hydrolysis, the arylsulfonic acid pyridine salt which forms is nearly completely crystallized and recycled, the lipid derivative that is formed is precipitated as a sparingly soluble salt by addition of a solution containing alkaline-earth ions and isolated, the sparingly soluble salt is isolated as the free acid in an organic solvent by suspension in a water-immiscible organic solvent and a dilute aqueous mineral acid, the crude product is purified if desired, by means of preparative chromatography on a RP phase and subsequently the free acid is converted if desired into any desired salt.

Abstract: Bis(pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol) hydrogen phosphonate is a flame retardant compound. Such a compound can be prepared by the transesterification of a diphenyl phosphite with pentaerythritol phosphate alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a series of non-toxic compounds which function to inhibit the activity of S-1-P aldolase in respect to its cleavage of S-1-P. These inhibitors are described by the compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R is a radical containing 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a halogen, or hydrocarbon, R' is an organic radical or hydrogen, and R" is --NH.sub.3.sup.+ or --NH--NH .sup.+, with the proviso that, when R is CH.sub.3 (CH).sub.12 (CH.dbd.CH) and R' is hydrogen, R" is --NH--NH.sub.3.sup.+.A method for preparing such compounds, which may generally be described as 1-phosphate derivatives of compounds which include a 2-amino-1,3-alcohol radical is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for making phosphite esters is provided. The process involves reacting triphenyl phosphite with alcohol using a sodium phenate catalyst. The process yields high purity phenol which may be recycled and reacted with PCl.sub.3 to yield triphenyl phosphite.

Abstract: 3,7,9-Trioxa-1-aza-2,8-diphosphaspiro[4.5]decanes of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, bicycloalkyl, tricycloalkyl or aryl; or can be halogen when n or m is zero,R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl or aryl;X and Y are independently --O--, --S-- or --NR.sub.16 -- where R.sub.16 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl;W and Z are independently O or S; andn, m, o and p are independently zero or 1, are effective in stabilizing organic materials against the deleterious effects of oxygen, heat and/or actinic radiation.

Abstract: It has now been discovered that oligomers of C.sub.6 - C.sub.20 alpha-olefins, such as 1-decene, with branch ratios below 0.19 and high viscosity indices (HVI) can be functionalized to provide unique phosphite derivatives. Functionalized polyalpha-olefin lubricants compositions are prepared with superior properties by adding functionalized organophosphites to the olefinic bond of HVI-PAO. The invention encompasses a process for the preparation of lubricant range hydrocarbons containing phosphonate functional groups, comprising;reacting olefinic C.sub.20 + polyalpha-olefin oligomers having a branch ratio of less than 0.19 and phosphite ester in a mixture with peroxide catalyst at elevated temperature whereby phosphite ester adduct of said polyalpha-olefin is formed;separating said reaction mixture products and recovering said adduct.

Abstract: Novel phosphite derivatives of propylene based lube olefins are novel lubricating fluid media with internal synergistic multifunctional extreme pressure, antiwear and antioxidant properties. These compounds exhibit the same multifunctional characteristics when used in minor additive amounts in either mineral or synthetic lubricating oils as well as fuels.

Abstract: There are disclosed multiphosphorus-containing compounds comprising phosphonate-containing or phosphate-containing phosphate esters. The compounds can be prepared by: (a) reacting a phosphonate-containing or phosphate-containing alcohol with phosphorus pentoxide following by reaction with an epoxide, (b) reacting a phosphonate-containing or phosphate-containing alcohol with a phosphorus oxyhalide, hydrolyzing any phosphorus halogen bonds and then reacting the resulting phosphoric acid derivative with an epoxide, (c) transesterifying a phosphonate-containing or phosphate-containing alcohol with a dialkyl phosphite, oxidizing the resulting compound to yield a phosphoric acid derivative and reacting the phosphoric acid derivative with an epoxide. The compounds are useful as flame retardant additives for polyurethanes and textiles.