Abstract: The invention provides synthetic processes and synthetic intermediates that can be used to prepare compounds having useful anti-HIV properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of Styrenated Phenol Ethoxylates as surfactants in emulsion polymerization. The present invention further relates to the use of both anionic and nonionic Styrenated Phenol Ethoxylates in emulsion polymerization. Latexes with small average particle and narrow particle size distributions are obtained. Prepared latexes also have low coagulum levels and exhibit excellent mechanical and chemical stability.

Abstract: High purity isotopically labeled phosphonic acid esters can be obtained from isotopically enriched Chloro[13C]methyl phenyl sulfide The labeled phosphonic acid esters can then be used as precursors for the one step production of labeled vinyl sulfides, labeled vinyl sulfoxides, and labeled vinyl sulfones. The labeled phosphonic acid esters can also be reacted with a variety of aldehydes to produce extended vinyl systems that are isotopically labeled.

Abstract: Processes are provided for separating bitumen from oil sands and from other bitumen-containing compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides water-soluble acetaminophen prodrugs and formulations which may be suitable for parenteral administration. Methods of treating a disease or condition responsive to acetaminophen (such as fever and/or pain) using the acetaminophen prodrugs, as well as kits, unit dosages, and combinations with additional pharmaceutical agent(s) are also provided.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for separating bitumen from oil sands in an efficient and environmentally acceptable manner, and for recovering residual bitumen from existing tailings ponds.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for separating bitumen from oil sands in an efficient and environmentally acceptable manner, and for recovering residual bitumen from existing tailings ponds.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for separating bitumen from oil sands in an efficient and environmentally acceptable manner, and for recovering residual bitumen from existing tailings ponds.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds of formulae I and II: that are monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors, which can be useful in treating obesity, diabetes, and/or cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., hypertension, dyslipidemias, high blood pressure, and insulin resistance).

Abstract: High purity isotopically labeled phosphonic acid esters can be obtained from isotopically enriched Chloro[13C]methyl phenyl sulfide The labeled phosphonic acid esters can then be used as precursors for the one step production of labeled vinyl sulfides, labeled vinyl sulfoxides, and labeled vinyl sulfones. The labeled phosphonic acid esters can also be reacted with a variety of aldehydes to produce extended vinyl systems that are isotopically labeled.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel water-soluble prodrugs of aliphatic or aromatic hindered hydroxyl group containing pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel water-soluble prodrugs of aliphatic or aromatic hindered hydroxyl group containing pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: A phosphonic acid ester compound of the formula: R1C(SR3)═CHP(═O)(OR2)2 or [P(═O)(OR2)2]CH═C(SR3)—R4—C(SR3)═CH[P(═O)(OR2)2] wherein R1 represents a monovalent group selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkenyl and silyl, R2 and R3 each represent aryl and R4 represents alkylene or cycloalkylene. The ester compound is produced by reaction of an acetylene compound, R1C≡CH or HC≡C—R4—C≡CH, with with a phosphorothioate, (R2O)2P(═O)SR3, in the presence of a palladium complex catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel unsaturated phosphonate derivatives of certain purines or pyrimidines useful as antiviral agents, methods useful for their preparation and use of these compounds as antiviral agents effective against DNA viruses, retroviruses and viruses involved in tumor formation.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel unsaturated acetylene phosphonate derivatives of certain purines or pyrimidines useful as antiviral agents, methods useful for their preparation and use of these compounds as antiviral agents effective against DNA viruses, retroviruses and viruses involved in tumor formation.

Abstract: Alkylxanthine phosphonates and alkylxanthine phosphine oxides and their use as pharmaceuticalsA compound of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are identical or different and at least one of the radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 is a radical of the formula XI ##STR2## in which E is a covalent bond or a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I): ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or solvate thereof, wherein,R.sup.o represents an aryl group, optionally substituted;X represents O or S;R.sup.1 and R.sup.1a each independently represents hydrogen or an alkyl group;R.sup.2 represents OCH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H, or an ester or amide thereof, or R.sup.2 represents a moiety of formula (b): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.4 represent hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, arylalkyl, aralkyloxyalkyl or cycloalkyl and R.sup.5 represent hydroxy, alkoxy, arylalkyloxy, hydroxyalkyloxy, alkoxyalkyloxy, arylalkoxyalkyloxy, cycloalkyloxy, hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, arylalkyloxyalkyl or R.sup.5 together with OR.sup.4 represents O(CH.sub.2).sub.n O wherein n is 2, 3 or 4; andR.sup.3 represents hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or alkoxy or R.sup.3 together with R.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted hydroquinone derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.4 is lower alkyl and either R.sub.1 is hydroxy, halogen, a group of the formula --P(=O)(R.sub.5)R.sub.6 (Ia), a group of the formula --P.sup.+ (R.sub.7)(R.sub.8)R.sub.9 X.sup.- (Ib) or a group of the formula --Si(R.sub.7)(R.sub.8)R.sub.9 (Ic), M is methylene, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a group of the formula ##STR2## and R.sub.3 is hydrogen or halogen, or .sub.1 is hydroxy or lower alkoxy, M is carbonyl, R.sub.2 is hydrogen and R.sub.3 is halogen, each of R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, independently of the other, is lower alkyl, lower alkoxy Or N,N-di-lower alkylamino, or is benzyl, benzyloxy, phenyl or phenoxy, each of which is unsubstituted or mono- or di-substituted at the phenyl ring, to a process for the preparation of those compounds and to the use of those compounds, and to a process in which those compounds are used.

Abstract: The present invention provides arylthioalkyl- and arylthioalkenylphosphonic acids and derivatives thereof having the structural formula I ##STR1## Further provided are compositions and methods comprising those compounds for the control of undesirable plant species.

Abstract: Flame retardant compounds including at least one of a group of specified phosphoryl compounds which have a phenylene group in the molecule are applied to fiber materials composed of polyester-based synthetic fibers. Sufficiently long-lasting flame retardancy may be imparted to polyester-based synthetic fiber materials without the use of halogen compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to biphenyl derivatives of general formula ##STR1## wherein A to E and X are defined as in claim 1, the stereoisomers thereof, including their mixtures and the salts thereof, particularly the physiologically acceptable salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids or bases, which have valuable properties, preferably aggregation-inhibiting effects, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and processes for preparing them.

Abstract: Acyclic purine phosphonate nucleotide analogs useful to treat herpes viral infections are provided in enantiomerically pure form. These antiviral agents have the structural formula (Ia) or (Ib) ##STR1## and may be in acid, salt or ester form. Such compounds may also be dehydrated to provide antiviral agents in cyclic form. Pharmaceutical compositions are provided containing the antiviral agents, as is a chiral synthesis which may be used to prepare the agents in enantiomerically pure form or as a racemic mixture.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein: A is a bond or --OCH.sub.2 --, where the oxygen is linked to R.sup.1 ;B is --CH.sub.2 -- or when R.sup.3 is hydrogen, B may be --CH.sub.2 O-- where the oxygen is linked to the phenyl ring;R.sup.1 is an aryl group;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or lower alkyl;R.sup.3 is hydrogen; or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together form the group --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; andR.sup.4 is --SO.sub.3 H, --P(O.sub.2 H)R.sup.5, --P(O.sub.2 R.sup.5')R.sup.5, --PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, --PO.sub.3 HR.sup.5' or --PO.sub.3 (R.sup.5').sub.2 where R.sup.5 and R.sup.5' are independently lower alkyl. These compounds are beta.sub.3 adrenergic receptor agonists and are useful, for example, in the treatment of diabetes, obesity, achalasia, and gastrointestinal diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compounds of formulae I, II and III ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl, R.sub.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl, and R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.18 alkenyl. The compounds are used as antiwear additives for lubricants.

Abstract: A novel synthesis of compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein T is a stabilizing spiro-linked polycycloalkylidene group, R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkyl, aralkyl or heteroatom containing group, Y is an aromatic fluorescent chromophore, and Z is a cleavable group which, when cleaved, induces decomposition of the dioxetane ring and emission of optically detectable light, is disclosed. A tertiary phosphorous acid alkyl ester of the formula:(R.sup.1 O).sub.3 Pwherein R.sup.1 is a lower alkyl group, is reacted with an aryl dialkyl acetal produced by reacting a corresponding aryl aldehyde with an alcohol of the formula:R.sup.3 OHwherein R.sup.3 is as defined above, to produce a 1-alkoxy-1-arylmethane phosphonate ester of the formula: ##STR2## reacting the phosphonate with base to produce a phosphonate-stabilized carbanion, reacting the carbanion with a ketone of the formula:T.dbd.

Abstract: Compounds of formula ##STR1## (wherein R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, n, m and p have the meanings reported in the specification), their preparation and the compositions for pharmaceutical use containing them as active ingredient are described.The compounds of formula I have dopaminergic vasodilator activity and they may be used in pharmaceutical field.

Abstract: Pesticidal S-(halogenoalkyl)-dithiophosphoric (phosphonic) acid esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents an optionally substituted radical from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy and alkinyloxy,R.sup.2 represents an optionally substituted radical from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl and aryl,X and Y are identical or different and independently of one another represent hydrogen, halogen or alkyl, andZ represents hydrogen, halogen or alkyl.

Abstract: Novel surfactants of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl of 4-18 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or same as R.sub.1, R.sub.3 is hydrogen or methyl, A is alkylene of 2-4 carbon atoms, and n is 1-200. Sulfates, phosphates and sulfosuccinates thereof are also useful as anionic surfactants.

Abstract: The invention relates to certain substituted phenoxypropionaldehyde derivatives, formulations of said derivatives and the use thereof for preemergence or postemergence control of noxious plants, i.e., weeds.