Abstract: The invention relates to bimesogenic compounds of formula I wherein R11, R12, MG11, MG12, X11, X12 and Sp1 have the meaning given in claim 1, to the use of bimesogenic compounds of formula I in liquid crystal media and particular to flexoelectric liquid crystal devices comprising a liquid crystal medium according to the present invention. Furthermore the invention relates to bimesogenic compounds of formula I inducing a second nematic phase in nematic mixtures that do not show this additional phase without compounds of formula I.

Abstract: The invention relates to bimesogenic compounds of formula I R1-MG1-Sp-MG2-R2??I wherein R1, R2, MG1, MG2 and Sp have the meaning given in claim 1, to the use of bimesogenic compounds of formula I in liquid crystal media and particular to flexoelectric liquid crystal devices comprising a liquid crystal medium according to the present invention. Furthermore the invention relates to bimesogenic compounds of formula I inducing a second nematic phase in nematic mixtures that do not show this additional phase without compounds of formula I.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the present application provides a new compound and an organic electronic device using the same. The organic electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application shows excellent characteristics in terms of efficiency, driving voltage, and service life.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound of formula (I) and salts thereof. Also disclosed are methods of making the compound of formula (I) and the use of the compound as an intermediate for making pharmaceutically active compounds such as 11-?-hydroxysteroid hydrogenase type 1 (11-?-HSD1) inhibitors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds containing at least one C—C triple bond within a chain of at least 3 ring systems which have positive dielectric anisotropy, to the use thereof for high-frequency components, to liquid-crystalline media comprising the compounds, and to high-frequency components, in particular antennae, especially for the gigahertz region, comprising these media. The liquid-crystalline media serve, for example, for the phase shifting of microwaves for tuneable ‘phased-array’ antennae.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to reagents and methods useful in the synthesis of aryl fluorides, for example, in the preparation of 18F labeled radiotracers. The reagents and methods provided herein may be used to access a broad range of compounds, including aromatic compounds, heteroaromatic compounds, amino acids, nucleotides, and synthetic compounds.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method that enables the easy and efficient (high yield, high selectivity, low cost) preparation of a fluorine-containing olefin substituted with an organic group or groups from a fluorine-containing olefin. [Solution] The method for preparing a fluorine-containing olefin substituted with an organic group or groups, the method comprising a step of reacting a fluorine-containing olefin with an organic boron compound in the presence of an organic transition metal catalyst containing at least one transition metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, and cobalt.

Abstract: Provided is a catalyst used for a living radical polymerization method, which contains a central element consisting of carbon and at least one halogen atom binding to the central element. Further, a hydrocarbon compound can be used as a catalyst precursor. A monomer having a radical-reactive unsaturated bond is subjected to a radical polymerization reaction in the presence of the catalyst, consequently a polymer having narrow molecular weight distribution can be obtained, and thus the cost of the living radical polymerization can be remarkably reduced. The present invention is significantly more environmentally friendly and economically excellent than conventional living radical polymerization methods, due to advantages such as low toxicity of the catalyst, low amount of the catalyst used, high solubility of the catalyst, mild reaction conditions, and no coloration/no odor (no need of any post-treatments for a molded article), and the like.

Abstract: A method of forming a fluorinated molecular entity includes reacting in a reaction mixture an aromatic halide, copper, a fluoroalkyl group, and a ligand. The aromatic halide includes an aromatic group and a halogen substituent bonded to the aromatic group. The ligand includes at least one group-V donor selected from phosphorus and an amine. The overall molar ratio of copper to aromatic halide in the reaction mixture is from 0.2 to 3. The method further includes forming a fluoroalkylarene including the aromatic group and the fluoroalkyl group bonded to the aromatic group. A composition, which may be used in the method, consists essentially of copper, the fluoroalkyl group, and the ligand, where the molar ratio of copper to the fluoroalkyl group is approximately 1.

Abstract: A method of the present invention, for producing an iodizing agent, includes the step of electrolyzing iodine molecules in a solution by using an acid as a supporting electrolyte. This realizes (i) a method of producing an iodine cation suitable for use as an iodizing agent that does not require a sophisticated separation operation after iodizing reaction is completed, and (ii) an electrolyte used in the method. Further, a method of the present invention, for producing an aromatic iodine compound, includes the step of causing an iodizing agent, and an aromatic compound whose nucleus has one or more substituent groups and two or more hydrogen atoms, to react with each other under the presence of a certain ether compound. This realizes such a method of producing an aromatic iodine compound that position selectivity in iodizing reaction of an aromatic compound is improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electro-optical light modulation element and to electro-optical displays and display systems, such as television screens and computer monitors, containing elements of this type. The light modulation elements according to the invention contain a mesogenic modulation medium which is in the isotropic phase during operation of the light modulation elements and are particularly distinguished by very short response times in addition to good contrast and low viewing-angle dependence. The mesogenic modulation media used in the electro-optical light modulation elements are likewise a subject-matter of the present invention.

Abstract: A substituted alkenylbenzene compound of formula (4): wherein X1 is a halogen atom, —SF5, C1-C6haloalkyl, hydroxy C1-C6haloalkyl, C1-C6alkoxy C1-C6haloalkyl, C3-C8halocycloalkyl, C1-C6haloalkoxy, C1-C3haloalkoxy C1-C3haloalkoxy, C1-C6haloalkylthio, C1-C6haloalkylsulfinyl or C1-C6haloalkylsulfonyl; X3 is a hydrogen, halogen, cyano, nitro, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6haloalkyl, C1-C6alkoxy or C1-C6alkylthio; X4 is a hydrogen, halogen, cyano, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy or C1-C4haloalkoxy; R3 is —C(R3a)(R3b)R3c, where R3a and R3b are a halogen, or R3a and R3b together form a 3- to 6-membered ring together with the carbon bonding them by forming a C2-C5haloalkylene chain, and R3c is a hydrogen, halogen, C1-C5alkyl, C1-C5haloalkyl, C1-C4haloalkoxy or C1-C4haloalkylthio, with a proviso that where X1 is a fluorine, chlorine or trifluoromethyl, and X2 and X3 are hydrogen, where X1 and X2 are fluorine and X3 is a hydrogen, or where X1 and X2 are trifluoromethyl and X3 is a hydrogen, R3c is a hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, iodine,

Abstract: Aromatic and aromatic/heteroaromatic molecular structures with controllable electron conducting properties are derived from the incorporation of electron active substituents in selective positions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel alpha-(N-sulfonamido)acetamide compound, its pharmaceutical composition, processes thereof and a method for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other conditions associated with ?-amyloid peptide.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to reagents and methods useful in the synthesis of aryl fluorides, for example, in the preparation of 18F labeled radiotracers. The reagents and methods provided herein may be used to access a broad range of compounds, including aromatic compounds, heteroaromatic compounds, amino acids, nucleotides, and synthetic compounds.

Abstract: Provided is a catalyst used for a living radical polymerization method, which contains a central element consisting of carbon and at least one halogen atom binding to the central element. Further, a hydrocarbon compound can be used as a catalyst precursor. A monomer having a radical-reactive unsaturated bond is subjected to a radical polymerization reaction in the presence of the catalyst, consequently a polymer having narrow molecular weight distribution can be obtained, and thus the cost of the living radical polymerization can be remarkably reduced. The present invention is significantly more environmentally friendly and economically excellent than conventional living radical polymerization methods, due to advantages such as low toxicity of the catalyst, low amount of the catalyst used, high solubility of the catalyst, mild reaction conditions, and no coloration/no odor (no need of any post-treatments for a molded article), and the like.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to compounds, reagents, and methods useful in the synthesis of aryl fluorides, for example, in the preparation of 18F labeled radiotracers. For example, this disclosure provides universal “locked” aryl substituents that result in StereoElectronic Control of Unidirectional Reductive Elimination (SECURE) from diaryliodonium salts. The reagents and methods provided herein may be used to access a broad range of compounds, including aromatic compounds, heteroaromatic compounds, amino acids, nucleotides, and synthetic compounds.

Abstract: Iodylbenzene derivatives substituted with electron donating as well as electron withdrawing groups on the aromatic ring are used as precursors in aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions. The iodyl group (IO2) is regiospecifically substituted by nucleophilic fluoride to provide the corresponding fluoroaryl derivatives. No-carrier-added [F-18]fluoride ion derived from anhydrous [F-18](F/Kryptofix, [F-18]CsF or a quaternary ammonium fluoride (e.g., Me4NF, Et4NF, n-Bu4NF, (PhCH2)4NF) exclusively substitutes the iodyl moiety in these derivatives and provides high specific activity F-18 labeled fluoroaryl analogs. Iodyl derivatives of a benzothiazole analog and 6-iodyl-L-dopa derivatives have been synthesized as precursors and have been used in the preparation of no-carrier-added [F-18]fluorobenzothiazole as well as 6-[F-18]fluoro-L-dopa.

Abstract: Biocide compositions capable of increasing the fading resistance of a coating material, which compositions preferably comprise a nano-sized halogenated benzonitrile and a nano-sized zinc oxide, are disclosed. Coating compositions, which comprise the biocide compositions, binders, and pigments are disclosed. The biocide compositions are particularly suitable for use in paints. Methods for reducing the fading of pigmented coating compositions upon exposure to light are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting amyloid-? protein accumulation comprising a compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; a method for inhibiting amyloid-? protein accumulation, comprising a step of administering an effective amount of the compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to a mammal which may be diagnosed with an amyloid-? protein-related disease; and so on.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the compounds of the formula (1) and to organic electroluminescent devices, in particular blue-emitting devices, in which these compounds are used as host material or dopant in the emitting layer and/or as hole-transport material and/or as electron-transport material.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compound of formula (IV), which is an organic acid salt of N-[(2?-cyanobiphenyl-4-yl)methyl]-(L)-valine ester. This compound is an useful intermediate for process of preparation of Valsartan of formula (I), chemically known as (S)—N-(1-Carboxy-2-methylprop-1-yl)-N-pentanoyl-N-[2?-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-ylmethyl]amine. This invention also relates to a process for preparing Valsartan using novel intermediate of formula (IV).

Abstract: The present invention concerns a compound of formula (I): wherein R1 is C1-4 alkyl, or benzyl optionally substituted by halogen, C1-4alkyl (optionally substituted by halogen or C1-4 alkoxy), C1-4 alkoxy, C1-4 alkoxycarbonyl, nitro or cyano; and a process for preparing a compound of formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing halogenated benzonitriles by vapor phase ammoxidation at a reaction temperature in the range of 300 to 500° C. in a fixed bed reactor using a three-component catalyst. More particularly, the method of the invention relates to a method for preparing 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (2,6-DCBN) from 2,6-dichlorotoluene (2,6-DCT) by vapor phase ammoxidation. The invention also relates to a three-component catalyst provided on a carrier and its use in a vapor phase ammoxidation reaction according to the invention. In addition, the invention provides a method for preparing the three-component catalyst.

Abstract: The invention enables reduction of catalyst in producing tetrafluorobenzonitrile by decyanation of one cyano group of tetrafluorodicyanobenzene by using a synthetic zeolite, particularly Zeolite 3A, 4A or 5A, in the reaction. Therefore, the invention provides an industrially useful process capable of producing tetrafluorobenzonitrile, a useful agrochemical and drug intermediate, by hydrogenolysis of tetrafluorodicyanobenzene to decyanate one cyano group with the use of catalyst in small amounts.

Abstract: A process for preparing 4-pentafluorosulfanylbenzoylguanidines of formula I wherein R1 to R4 have the meanings indicated in the specification. The compounds of formula I are NHE1 inhibitors and can be employed, for example, for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a class of 4-cyano-phenoxy derivatives of formula I and to their use as androgen receptor modulators. Other aspects of the invention are directed to the use of these compounds to decrease excess sebum secretions and to stimulate hair growth.

Abstract: A method of milling chlorothalonil to form a sub-micron product having a narrow particle size distribution is presented. The milling involves wet milling of the chlorothalonil with high density milling media having a diameter between 0.1 mm and 0.8 mm, preferably between 0.2 mm and 0.7 mm, and a density equal to or greater than 3.8 g/cc, preferably greater than 5.5 g/cc, in a ball mill using between about 40% and 80% loading of the mill volume with milling media, and having the chlorothalonil suspended in an aqueous milling liquid which comprises one or more surface active agents. The milling speed is preferably high, for example from about 1000 rpm to about 4000 rpm. The milled product can be used in foliar applications at a lower effective dosage than prior art formulations, can be used in improved antifouling paint formulations, and can be used in new applications such as the direct injection of solid chlorothalonil particulates in wood to act as a long lasting wood preservative.

Abstract: Novel phenylcyclohexanes of the formula I in which n is 0 to 7, Q1 and Q2 are H, or one of these radicals is alternatively CH3, r is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, A is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene or a single bond, X is F, Cl, —CF3, —CN, —OCF3 or —OCHF2, and Y and Z are each, independently of one another, H or F, with the proviso that, in the case where A is a single bond, Q1=Q2=H and simultaneously X=CN, Y and/or Z are F.

Abstract: To provide a novel method for producing a fluorinated benzenedimethanol compound useful as a starting material or an intermediate in the production of agricultural or medicinal chemicals in an industrially advantageous manner. A method for producing a fluorinated benzenedimethanol compound according to the present invention comprises the steps of reducing the nitrile groups of a fluorinated benzenedinitrile compound to obtain a fluorinated xylylenediamine compound and then converting the aminomethyl groups of the fluorinated xylylenediamine compound into hydroxymethyl groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a production method of 4?-bromomethyl-2-cyanobiphenyl, which includes reacting 4?-methyl-2-cyanobiphenyl with bromine in the presence of a radical initiator and an oxidant. According to the present invention, since bromine can be regenerated by reacting hydrogen bromide, which is by-produced with the progress of bromination, with an oxidant, inhibition of bromination by hydrogen bromide, coloring by bromine and the like can be prevented. Thus, 4?-bromomethyl-2-cyanobiphenyl useful as a starting material of pharmaceutical products can be produced industrially beneficially.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound represented by Formula (1c′): wherein R1 and R2, rings A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5, Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4, Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4, and k, l, m and n are as defined in the specification. Also provided is a liquid crystal composition containing at least one of these liquid crystalline compounds.

Abstract: Tolane compounds of the formula I 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst useful for a photooxidation reaction and also relates to a novel process for producing aldehydes, particularly aromatic aldehydes, which are useful as an intermediate for the production of agrochemical and medical preparations. The catalyst is particularly suitable for the oxidation of a methyl group difficult to oxidize. A photooxidation catalyst according to the invention is a halogenated aromatic nitrile represented by the following formula (1): (wherein X represents a chlorine atom or a fluorine atom, m represents an integer of 1 to 5, n represents an integer of 1 to 5, m+n≦6, and when n is 2 or more, Xs may be the same or different).

Abstract: The present invention relates to substituted aniline compounds of the formula 1 in which R21, R22 and R23 have the meanings indicated in the description. The compounds according to the invention are intermediates for the preparation of herbicidally active pyridinedicarboxamide compounds.

Abstract: Benzamidoxime derivatives of the formula I: where R1 is difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl R2 is hydrogen or fluorine R3 is C1-C4-alkyl which may be substituted by cyano, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy-C1-C4-alkyl, C3-C6-alkenyl, C3-C6-haloalkenyl, C3-C6-alkynyl, C3-C8-cycloalkyl-C1-C4-alkyl R4 is phenyl-C1-C6-alkyl which may carry one or more substitutents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy and C1-C4-haloalkoxy on the phenyl ring, or is thienyl-C1-C4-alkyl which may carry one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy and C1-C4-haloalkoxy on the thienyl ring, or is pyrazolyl-C1-C4-alkyl which may carry one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-haloalkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy and C1-C4-haloalkoxy on the pyrazole ring, are prepared, and intermediates for their preparation and their use as fungicides are described.

Abstract: Biphenyl derivatives are disclosed for use in the treatment of androgen-dependent diseases such as prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, precicious puberty, polycystic ovarian syndrome, acne, hirsutism, seborrhea, androgenic alopecia and premature male baldness.

Abstract: Phenylacetylene compounds are disclosed which are expected to exhibit high refractive index anisotropy, easy to mix with other liquid crystal compounds, has advantageous stability against light, and may be used as a material for producing various films and the like. The compounds are represented by the formula (1): wherein A1 to A12: H, F, etc.; B1, B2: H, CH3; p, q, r, s , t: 0 or 1, provided that when q=0, at least one of A2 and A4 to A10 stands for a C1 to C10 alkyl or alkoxy group optionally substituted with at least one F; m, n: an integer of 0 to 14, provided that when s=1, n is not 0, and when t=1, m is not 0; W: —CH2CH2—, —C≡C—.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for arylating or vinylating or alkynating a nucleophilic compound. More particularly, the invention concerns arylating nitrogen-containing organic derivatives. The arylating or vinylating or alkynating process of the invention consists of reacting a nucleophilic compound with a compound carrying a leaving group and is characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of an effective quantity of a catalyst based on a metallic element M selected from groups (VIII), (Ib) and (IIb) of the periodic table and at least one ligand comprising at least one imine function and at least one supplemental nitrogen atom as the chelating atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a production method of 4′-bromomethyl-2-cyanobiphenyl, which includes reacting 4′-methyl-2-cyanobiphenyl with bromine in the presence of a radical initiator and an oxidant. According to the present invention, since bromine can be regenerated by reacting hydrogen bromide, which is by-produced with the progress of bromination, with an oxidant, inhibition of bromination by hydrogen bromide, coloring by bromine and the like can be prevented. Thus, 4′-bromomethyl-2-cyanobiphenyl useful as a starting material of pharmaceutical products can be produced industrially beneficially.

Abstract: Perfluoroisopropylbenzene derivatives of the general formula (I) or salts thereof, useful as intermediates or raw materials in the synthesis of various industrial materials including agricultural chemicals, drugs and surfactants, wherein X1 is H, halogeno, formyl, optionally halogenated C1-6 alkyl, —C(═O)—R1 (wherein R1 is H, halogeno, hydroxyl, C1-6 alkyl, or NR2R3, with R2 and R3 being each H, C1-6 alkyl, or the like), or the like; X3 is H, halogeno, hydroxyl, cyano, isocyanato, hydrazino, diazo, —C(═O)—R1, —SO2—R4 (wherein R4 is halogeno, hydroxyl, C1-6 alkyl, or NR5R6, with R5 and R6 being each H or C1-6 alkyl), or the like; and X4 is H, halogeno, C1-6 alkyl, or C1-6 alkoxy, with publicly known compounds being excepted.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) and also process for preparing them 1

Abstract: According to a first aspect of the invention, a process is disclosed for the preparation of radiolabelled haloaromatic compounds. According to a second aspect of the invention, intermediate precursor insoluble polymer compounds used in the preparation of the radiolabelled haloaromatics are disclosed, as well as processes for the preparation of the intermediate precursor insoluble polymer compounds.

Abstract: A aniline derivative represented by general formula (1) wherein R and R′ represent independently each other alkyl with 1 to 10 carbon, alkoxyalkyl with 1 to 10 carbon, or hydrogen; x represents cyano, halogen, haloalkyl, haloalkyloxy, or 2-cyanoethynyl; Y represents fluorine or hydrogen; na and nc represent independently each other 0 or 1; Za, Zb, and Zc represent independently each other a single bond, 1,2-ethylene, carbonyloxy, or oxymethylene; ring A1 represents 1,4-phenylene in which hydrogen may be substituted by fluorine; ring A2 and ring A3 represent independently each other 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene in which hydrogen may be substituted by fluorine, or 1,3-pyrimidine-2,5-diyl.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel liquid-crystalline compound which is a naphthalene derivative useful as an electro-optical liquid crystal display material, a liquid crystal composition containing such naphthalene derivatives and a liquid crystal display device comprising the same. The naphthalene derivative provided by the present invention exhibits an excellent liquid-crystallinity and miscibility with currently widely used liquid crystal compositions or compositions. The addition of the naphthalene derivative makes it possible to drastically lower the threshold voltage of the liquid crystal composition while maintaining its high response. The naphthalene derivative of the present invention is characterized by a large birefringence index. Further, most of the naphthalene derivative of the present invention has no strongly polar group in its molecule and thus can also be used for active matrix driving.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing 3-cyano-2,4-dihalogeno-5-fluoro-benzoic acid, to intermediates for carrying out the process and to processes for preparing these intermediates.

Abstract: A method for efficiently extracting a reaction product containing a target aromatic fluorine compound formed by the halogen exchange reaction of an aromatic chlorine compound with a fluorinating agent quickly from the reaction vessel without suffering part of the reaction product to remain as a residue inside the reaction vessel is disclosed. Specifically, the reaction product is extracted from the reactor subsequently to the halogen exchange reaction at a temperature in the range of 20-250° C. By this method, the reaction product formed in consequence of the halogen exchange reaction can be efficiently extracted quickly from the reaction vessel, and that without suffering occurrence of a residue of the reaction product.

Abstract: A method for the production of an aromatic fluorine compound is provided which is capable of preventing the occurrence of benzoic acid fluorides during the course of a halogenation exchange reaction or allowing removal of the benzoic acid fluorides formed at all. A method for the production of an organic fluorine compound is disclosed which comprises preventing the occurrence of acid fluorides of an aromatic compound during the production of the organic fluorine compound by the reaction of an organic chlorine or bromine compound with a fluorinating agent in benzonitrile as a solvent or allowing removal of the acid fluorides formed.

Abstract: A process for the halogenation of activated methylene and methine compounds with at least equimolar amounts of an electrophilic halogenation reagent, which comprises reacting said activated methylene and methine compounds in the presence of catalytic amounts of a titanium compound of the formula I or of a titanium compound of the formula II

Abstract: A method of making a benzoyl halide is disclosed. Into a reactor is placed a reaction mixture of a benzotrihalide and a benzaldehyde having the respective general formulas where each A is independently selected from halogen, CF3, R, or OR, each B is independently selected from halogen, CF3, or R, R is alkyl from C1 to C10 or aryl from C6 to C12, each X is independently selected from Cl and Br, m is 0 to 3, and n is 0 to 2. Also added is at least about 10 ppm of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of zinc salts and copper salts, and an optional solvent. The addition of an ammonium halide to the product mixture forms the corresponding amide, which can be dehydrated to form the corresponding nitrile.