Abstract: The present invention relates to oxocarbon-, pseudooxocarbon- and radialene compounds as well as to their use as doping agent for doping an organic semiconductive matrix material, as blocker material, as charge injection layer, as electrode material as well as organic semiconductor, as well as electronic components and organic semiconductive materials using them.

Abstract: Cls ruthenium complexes that can be used as catalysts are described. The complexes are generally square pyramidal in nature, having two anionic ligands X adjacent to each other. The complexes can be used as catalysts, for example in olefin metathesis reactions. Corresponding trans ruthenium complexes are also described, together with cationic complexes where one or both of the anionic ligands X are replaced by a non-co-ordinating anionic ligand.

Abstract: An ester compound represented by formula (1): wherein R1 represents R1 represents 2-propenyl or 2-propynyl; R3 represents hydrogen or methyl, R4 represents hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, and R5 represents hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; has an excellent pest control effect and is therefore useful as an active ingredient of a pest control agent.

Abstract: There is provided a nitrile compound having an excellent controlling effect on arthropod pests represented by the formula (I): wherein m represents in integer of 0 to 4; n represents an integer of 1 to 4; q represents an integer of 0 to 4; Q represents a C1-C4 fluoroalkyl group; Z represents an optionally substituted C2-C6 alkynyl group or a ?N—OR3 group; R1 and R2 independently represent a monovalent C1-C4 chain hydrocarbon group optionally substituted with a halogen atom, etc.; and A represents an optionally substituted monovalent C1-C6 chain hydrocarbon group, etc.

Abstract: An ester compound represented by formula (1): wherein R1 represents 2-propenyl or 2-propynyl, and R2 represents C1-C4 alkyl, has an excellent pest control effect and is therefore useful as an active ingredient of a pest control agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel aldehydes and nitriles from isophorone with general formula (I) having a specific fragrance (Formula I) (I), as well as to the use of said compounds in perfumery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to oxocarbon-, pseudooxocarbon- and radialene compounds as well as to their use as doping agent for doping an organic semiconductive matrix material, as blocker material, as charge injection layer, as electrode material as well as organic semiconductor, as well as electronic components and organic semiconductive materials using them.

Abstract: A photoacid generator P+ A? comprises (a) an antenna group P+ comprising atoms with high EUV photoabsorption cross-sections according to FIG. 1 and A? anions; or (b) an antenna group P+ and A? comprising anions with low photoabsorption cross-sections for EUV; or (c) an antenna group P+, comprising atoms with high EUV photoabsorption cross-sections according to FIG. 1 and A? comprising anions with low photoabsorption cross-sections for EUV. Novel compounds comprise DTFPIO PFBuS, and DTBPIO CN5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of perfumery. More particularly, it concerns ?-substituted cyclopentanecarbonitriles or cyclohexanecarbonitriles. These compounds are valuable perfuming ingredients having fruity or jasminic odor notes. The present invention also concerns the compositions or articles containing the compound.

Abstract: The present application relates to perfume raw materials, perfume delivery systems and consumer products comprising such perfume raw materials and/or such perfume delivery systems, as well as processes for making and using such perfume raw materials, perfume delivery systems and consumer products. Such perfume raw materials and compositions, including the delivery systems, disclosed herein expand the perfume communities options as such perfume raw materials can provide variations on character and such compositions can provide desired odor profiles.

Abstract: A photoacid generator compound P+A?, comprises an antenna group P+ comprising a cation that generates protons upon interaction with light, and A? comprising a weakly coordinating peracceptor-substituted aromatic anion that does not contain fluorine or semi-metallic elements such as boron. In one embodiment, such anions comprise the following compounds 4, 5, 6 and 7, wherein E comprises an electron-withdrawing group and the removal of one proton generates aromaticity. P+ comprises an onium cation that decomposes into a proton and other components upon interaction with photons. P+ may comprise an organic chalcogen onium cation or a halonium cation, wherein the chalcogen onium cation in another embodiment may comprises an oxonium, sulfonium, selenium, tellurium, or onium cation, and the halonium cation may comprise an iodonium, chlorine or bromine onium cation. A novel compound comprises TPS CN5.

Abstract: Compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, are disclosed, wherein Y, A, R1, R2, Z, and G are as described. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: A photoacid generator P+ A? comprises (a) an antenna group P+ comprising atoms with high EUV photoabsorption cross-sections according to FIG. 1 and A? anions; or (b) an antenna group P+ and A? comprising anions with low photoabsorption cross-sections for EUV; or (c) an antenna group P+, comprising atoms with high EUV photoabsorption cross-sections according to FIG. 1 and A? comprising anions with low photoabsorption cross-sections for EUV. Novel compounds comprise DTFPIO PFBuS, and DTBPIO CN5.

Abstract: A photoacid generator compound P+A?, comprises an antenna group P+ comprising a cation that generates protons upon interaction with light, and A? comprising a weakly coordinating peracceptor-substituted aromatic anion that does not contain fluorine or semi-metallic elements such as boron. In one embodiment, such anions comprise the following compounds 4, 5, 6 and 7, wherein E comprises an electron-withdrawing group and the removal of one proton generates aromaticity. P+ comprises an onium cation that decomposes into a proton and other components upon interaction with photons. P+ may comprise an organic chalcogen onium cation or a halonium cation, wherein the chalcogen onium cation in another embodiment may comprises an oxonium, sulfonium, selenium, tellurium, or onium cation, and the halonium cation may comprise an iodonium, chlorine or bromine onium cation. A novel compound comprises TPS CN5.

Abstract: This invention relates to campholenic derivatives of general formula (I) Wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 represent, each independently, a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C1-C5 alkyl or C2-C5 alkenyl group, Y represents a CN, a C(O)R6 or a CR6(OR?) (OR?) group, wherein R6 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched C1-C5 alkyl or C2-C5 alkenyl group, and R? and R? represent simultaneously a linear or branched C1, C2, C3, C4 or C5 alkyl or C2, C3, C4 or C5 alkenyl group and can form together a cycle, the 5-membered ring is saturated or has a double bond between C3? and C4? in formula (I), and the side chain, optionally, has a double bond between C1 and C2 and/or between C3 and C4, provided that the derivative is not 3-methyl-6-(2,2,3-trimethyl-cyclopent-3-enyl)-hex-4-enal; and their use as fragrant or flavouring agent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a compound having a structure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a prodrug thereof. Therapeutic methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula (I): wherein R1–R4 have any of the values defined in the specification that are CCR-3 receptor antagonists, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, methods for their use, and methods and intermediates useful for preparing them.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel class of compounds which are cysteine protease inhibitors, including but not limited to, inhibitors of cathepsins K, L, S and B. These compounds are useful for treating diseases in which inhibition of bone resorption is indicated, such as osteoporosis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to small molecules according to the formula [I]: 1

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula (I): 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to beta-amino acid nitrile derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or pharmaceutically acceptable esters thereof. The compounds are cysteine protease inhibitors useful for the treatment of diseases associated with cysteine proteases, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, tumor metastasis, glomerulonephritis, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, instable angina pectoris, stroke, plaque rupture, transient ischemic attacks, amaurosis fugax, peripheral arterial occlusive disease, restenosis after angioplasty and stent placement, abdominal aortic aneurysm formation, inflammation, autoimmune disease, malaria, ocular fundus tissue cytopathy and respiratory disease.

Abstract: Compounds of the structure: wherein R1 is H, a C1 to C4 alkyl, or a substituted C1 to C4 alkyl; R2 is H or a cyanoethyl; n is an integer of 1 to 4, and y is 1 or 2, and a method for making the compounds. The compounds are made by reacting acrylonitrile with one or more cycloaliphatic vicinal diamines in the presence of water and a catalytic amount of an acid catalyst having a PKa of −3.0 to 7.5.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula I 1

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of formula I wherein R1 and R3 are independently H or C1-3 alkyl, and R2 is H, C1-3 alkyl, methylene or ethylidene, with the proviso that R1 and R2 are not simultaneously H; n is 0 or 1; and is a single or a double bond, wherein a maximum of two double bonds are present in the compound. Compounds of formula II are also provided:  wherein A is selected from the group of CR4R5OH, CR4R5OC(O)R6, CO2R6, CN and C(O)R4; R1, R3, R4, and R5 are independently H or C1-3-alkyl; R2 is H, C1-3-alkyl, methylene, or ethylidene; R6 is H, C1-3 alkyl, C2-4 alkenyl, or alkinyl; n is 0 or 1; and is a single or a double bond, wherein a maximum of two double bonds are present. Compositions containing compounds of formulae I and II, as well as methods for imparting fragrance to substrates using such compounds are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to the drug, ketorolac and the synthesis of compounds useful in the manufacture of ketorolac. Ketorolac tromethamine is a pharmaceutical compound useful as an analgesic.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of compounds of formula (I) wherein R means hydrogen atom, or C1-6 alkyl group, or C7-12 aralkyl group or phenyl group, characterised in that: a) the compound of formula (III) is reacted with a compound of formula (IV) wherein X means halogen atom or C1-5 alkoxy group or hydroxyl group and the resulting compound of formula (II) is transformed in the presence of an oxidising agent in a reaction medium with pH above 7, into the compound of formula (I), or b) the compound of formula (III) is reacted with an anhydride of general formula (V) and the resulting compound of formula (II) transformed in the presence of an oxidising agent, in a reaction medium with pH above 7, into the compound of formula (I), or c) a compound of formula (II) is transformed in the presence of an oxidising agent, in a reaction medium with pH above 7, into the compound of formula (I), and if desired, the resulting compounds of formula (I), before or after isolation, are transformed into acid addition salts, or

Abstract: Process for the preparation of compounds of formula (I) wherein R means hydrogen atom, or C1-6 alkyl group, or C7-12 aralkyl group or phenyl group, characterised in that a) the compound of formula (III) is reacted with a compound of formula (IV) wherein X means halogen atom or C1-5 alkoxy group or hydroxyl group, and the resulting compound of formula (II) is transformed, in a reaction medium with pH above 7, into the compound of formula (I) or b) the compound of formula (III) is reacted with an anhydride of general formula (V) and the resulting compound of formula (II) transformed, in a reaction medium with pH above 7, into the compound of formula (I), or c) a compound of formula (II) is transformed, in a reaction medium with pH above 7, into the compound of formula (I), and if desired, the resulting compounds of formula (I), before or after isolation, are transformed into acid addition salts, or the compounds of formula (I) are liberated from their acid addition salts.

Abstract: The compounds of formula in which X is a C≡N group or a C(H)═O group and the C5-ring is either saturated or carries a double bond in one of the positions indicated by the dotted lines, or any mixture of two or more compounds of formula (I), are described. The compounds and mixtures were found to be useful as perfuming ingredients, with the compounds of the above formula in which X is a C≡N group and the C5-ring has a double bond in one of the positions indicated by the dotted lines, being particularly stable in aggressive media. The odor note of these compounds is quite close to that of citral, i.e. of the fresh-citrus type with green and lime connotations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pyrrole derivatives, particularly 2-(2-thienyl)-5-(5-tricyanoethenyl-2-thienyl)pyrrole derivatives, which has metallic luster, good stability in air, and a high solubility in an organic solvent, and which is suitable for a film-forming material.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined in the specification, and non-toxic metabolically labile ester and amides thereof are useful as modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptor function.

Abstract: A method of making (.+-.)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid that comprises condensing isovaleraldehyde with ##STR1## to form primarily ##STR2## reacting the ##STR3## with a cyanide source to form ##STR4## decarboxylating the ##STR5## to form ##STR6## hydrolyzing the ##STR7## with an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide to form an alkali or alkaline earth metal carboxylate salt; and hydrogenating the alkali or alkaline earth metal carboxylate salt to form (.+-.)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, aryl, benzyl, or C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl. The present invention also provides a method of making (.+-.

Abstract: A substituted cyclopentene derivative of formula (V): whereinX.sup.1 is (.alpha.-OZ.sup.a, .beta.-H) or (.alpha.-H, .beta.-OZ.sup.a), X.sup.3 is (.alpha.-OZ.sup.d, .beta.-H), (.alpha.-H, .beta.-OZ.sup.d), or oxygen atom, each of Z.sup.a and Z.sup.d, which may be the same or different, is a hydrogen atom or a protective radical for a hydroxyl radical;U is a radical selected from the group consisting of CR.sup.1 HCH.sub.2, CR.sup.1 .dbd.CH and C.tbd.C,whereinR.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, substituted silyl radical represented by SiR.sup.9 R.sup.10 R.sup.11 or substituted stannyl radical represented by SnR.sup.14 R.sup.15 R .sup.16,m is an integer of 0 to 6;X.sup.2 is CH.dbd.CH or C.tbd.C,p is an integer of 0 or 1, each of n and q is an integer of 0 to 5; andZ.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, COOR.sup.y, CN, OH, OCOR.sup.2, CONR.sup.b R.sup.c or NR.sup.d R.sup.e.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are inhibitors of the multicatalytic protease enzyme which are represented by the general formula: ##STR1## Constituent members and preferred constituent members are disclosed herein. Methodologies for making and using the disclosed compounds are also set forth herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a highly enantioselective process for the preparation of enantiomerically pure cyclopentane- and -pentene .beta.-amino acids of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which A and L, A and D or E and L, D and E, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, T and R.sup.1 have the meaning given in the description.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined in the specification, and non-toxic metabolically labile ester and amides thereof are useful as modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptor function.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for preparing (S)-.alpha.-amino-1-carboxycyclopentaneacetic acid which is a useful intermediate for preparing peptidomimetic inhibitors of herpes viral ribonucleotide reductase. The process comprises the preparation of the key intermediate ##STR1## and its subsequent conversion to the desired product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mixtures of .alpha.-amino acids and/or derivatives thereof and cyclopentane-.beta.-amino acids and/or derivatives thereof, dipeptides of the abovementioned .alpha.-amino acids and cyclopentane-.beta.-amino acids and mixtures of the abovementioned mixtures and dipeptides which have an improved tolerability in warm-blooded animals compared with the pure cyclopentane-.beta.-amino acids.

Abstract: This invention is to provide a compound represented by the following formula (I) and a compound represented by the following formula (II) useful as an antibacterial agent which is obtained by the compound of folmula (I), and also to provide a novel synthetic process for the inexpensive, short-step and industrially advantageous production thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are inhibitors of the multicatalytic protease enzyme which are represented by the general formula: ##STR1## Constituent members and preferred constituent members are disclosed herein. Methodologies for making and using the disclosed compounds are also set forth herein.

Abstract: Described herein are compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical and X stands for a --CHO, or a --CN group, are useful as perfuming ingredients for preparing perfuming compositions and a variety of perfumed articles, to which they impart sandalwood-type odor notes, together with marine, ozone type odor characters, such that said compositions and articles thus acquire a "transparent" connotation. The aldehydes of formula (I) are also useful as starting products for the preparation of the corresponding fragrant alcohols and nitriles.

Abstract: Novel cyanocycloalkylacetic acids and esters as well as salts thereof and in particular 1-cyanocyclohexaneacetic acid and ethyl 1-cyanocyclohexaneacetate are described which are useful as intermediates in a process for the preparation of cyclic amino acids.

Abstract: Derivatives of 9-deazaguanine are prepared by reacting an aldehyde or ketone with a dialkylaminomalonate to form the corresponding enamine. The enamine is then reacted with a base to form a cyclic pyrrole. The cyclic pyrrole is reacted with an urea compound to provide a protected guanidino compound. The guanidino is converted to the desired 9-deazaguanine derivative by reacting with trifluoracetic acid or with an alkoxide or hydroxide followed by neutralization with an acid.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are inbibitors of the multicatalytic protease enzyme which are represented by the general formula: ##STR1## Constituent members and preferred constituent members are disclosed herein. Methodologies for making and using the disclosed compounds are also set forth herein.

Abstract: Dye-donor element for use according to thermal dye sublimation transfer comprising a support having thereon a dye layer containing a dye corresponding to the following formula ##STR1## wherein Z represents CN, COOR.sup.1 or CONR.sup.2 R.sup.3 ;R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently represent hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together represent the necessary atoms to close a heterocyclic nucleus or substituted heterocyclic nucleus;Y represents OR.sup.4 or NR.sup.5 R.sup.6 or CN;R.sup.4 represents hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, SO.sub.2 R.sup.7, COR.sup.7, CSR.sup.7, POR.sup.7 R.sup.8 ;R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each independently has one of the significances given to R.sup.4 or represent substituted or unsubstituted amino, or R.sup.5 and R.sup.

Abstract: Molecular bulding beams, liquid crystals, and surfactants in the form of compounds based on [1.1.1]propellane, including poly[1.1.1]propellanes. Molecular building beams having a telomeric or polymeric chain staff, and linking groups functionalized on one or both ends of the staff. A system for linking the beams to connecting units to construct molecular structures of various forms, such as whips, combs, scaffoldings, nets, or stars. Other broad aspects of the invention provide liquid crystals and surfactants. The liquid crystals include telomeric or polymeric compounds functionalized with flexible end groups, while the surfactant compounds are functionalized with surface active end groups. Methods of synthesizing the various compounds ar also provided.

Abstract: 3-Aminopropionitriles of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1,R.sup.2,R.sup.3,R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -aminoalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -cyanoalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 -aralkyl or aryl,are prepared by a process in which an amine of the general formula II ##STR2## is reacted with an acrylonitrile of the general formula III ##STR3## where the substituents have the abovementioned meanings, in a molar ratio of from 0.9:1 to 100:1 over a heterogeneous catalyst at from 40.degree. to 200.degree. C. and from 1 to 350 bar.

Abstract: This invention relates to two processes for preparing aminoacetonitriles in one vessel under anhydrous conditions. Process I involves the steps of: (A) reacting trimethylsilyl cyanide and an aldehyde in a water miscible amide solvent to obtain a silyl blocked cyanohydrin solution; (B) adding a catalytic amount of water to the silyl blocked cyanohydrin solution from Step (A); and (C) passing ammonia through the solution to obtain an aminoacetonitrile. Process II involves the steps of: (A') reacting trimethylsilyl cyanide with an aldehyde in the absence of solvent to form a silyl blocked cyanohydrin; (B') adding a water miscible amide solvent to the silyl blocked cyanohydrin from Step (A') to obtain a solution; and (C') passing ammonia through the solution to obtain an aminoacetonitrile. Aminoacetonitriles are important intermediates in the preparation of amino acids, thiadiazoles, acylaminoacetonitriles, and imidazole derivatives.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing aminoacetonitriles in one vessel. The process involves the steps of: (A) reacting an alkali metal cyanide with an aldehyde in water to form a cyanohydrin; (B) extracting the cyanohydrin formed in Step (A) into a water immiscible solvent to form a two phase system comprising a water immiscible phase containing the cyanohydrin and an aqueous phase; (C) removing at least 50 weight percent, based on the weight of the water immiscible phase, of the water immiscible solvent from the water immiscible phase thereby concentrating the cyanohydrin; (D) adding a water miscible amide solvent to the concentrated cyanohydrin to form a cyanohydrin solution; and (E) passing ammonia through the cyanohydrin solution to obtain an aminoacetonitrile. Aminoacetonitriles are important intermediates in the preparation of amino acids, thiadiazoles, acylaminoacetonitriles, and imidazole derivatives.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of cyclic amino acids by a novel synthesis is described where a dinitrile derivative is converted in two steps to the desired products, as well as valuable intermediates used in the process.

Abstract: A method of enantiomerically enriching chiral cyanohydrins is disclosed that involves selective cleavage of the unwanted enantiomer into its cleavage products HCN and the corresponding aldehyde or ketone by use of an enantioselective dehydrocyanation catalyst, coupled with simultaneous removal of at least one of the dehydrocyanation products.