Abstract: The present invention provides novel nickel complexes. These complexes are in providing fluorinating organic compounds. The invention is particularly useful for fluorinating compounds with 18 F for PET imaging.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method for the hydrochlorination of electron deficient alkenes, particularly alkenes having the functional groups COOH, CONH2, and CN. Specific alkenes discussed include acrylic acid, crotonic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, and methacrylonitrile. The alkene is combined with a primary or secondary alcohol (e.g., isopropanol) and an acid chloride (e.g., acetyl chloride) under conditions suitable to chlorinate the alkene. Products formed by the invention include 3-chorosubstituted carbonyl compounds such as 3-chlorpropionic acid (3-CPA), 3-chloropropionamide (3-CPAD), and 3-chloropropionitrile among other products.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nitrile compound represented by the formula (I): wherein R represents C1-C4 fluoroalkyl, Q represents halogen, C1-C11 alkyl optionally substituted with halogen, C2-C6 alkenyl group optionally substituted with halogen, C2-C6 alkynyl optionally substituted with halogen, C3-C7 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halogen or (C3-C7 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with halogen) C1-C4 alkyl, which has excellent control effect against pests.

Abstract: A method for producing alkoxy malonic acid dinitrites of general formula (I), wherein R1 means C1-6-alkyl or halogen-substituted C1-6-alkyl. The method involves converting the corresponding alkoxy malonic acid diamides of general formula (II), wherein R1 has the aforementioned meaning, by means of a dehydrating agent. The intermediate products of general formula (III), whereby the products are formed during dehydration.

Abstract: Iodohydroxylated olefins can be prepared by treating an olefin with an aqueous solution of an iodine monohalide selected from iodine monochloride and iodine monobromide.

Abstract: 4-Haloalkylnicotinonitriles having the formula (I) 1

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of &agr;-chloronitriles by reaction of cyanohydrins of aldehydes or ketones with phosgene using a phosphine oxide as catalyst.

Abstract: Diaryl-, dialkoxyalkyl-, alkylalkoxyalkyl-, arylalkoxyalkyl- and cyclic aminosulfur trifluorides fluorinating agents are disclosed.

Abstract: Processes involving certain nickel metallacycles with phosphite ligands are disclosed as useful for the manufacture of selected substituted hydrocarbons. Also disclosed are selected compounds including both nickel and phosphite ligands.

Abstract: A fluorination method of oxygen and halogen sites with diaryl-, dialkoxyalkyl-, alkylalkoxyalkyl-, arylalkoxyalkyl- and cyclic aminosulfur trifluorides fluorinating reagents is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for fluorinating a carbon compound or cationic carbon compound utilizes a fluorination agent selected from thermodynamically unstable nickel fluorides and salts thereof in liquid anhydrous hydrogen fluoride. The desired carbon compound or cationic organic compound to undergo fluorination is selected and reacted with the fluorination agent by contacting the selected organic or cationic organic compound and the chosen fluorination agent in a reaction vessel for a desired reaction time period at room temperature or less.

Abstract: The process according to the invention consists in preparing chlorides of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons by reacting the corresponding mono- or polyalcohol with phosgene or thionyl chloride in the presence of at least one catalyst chosen from hexasubstituted guanidinium halides and their hydrohalides, optionally grafted via one of their radicals to a silica-based support.The chlorides are quickly obtained with good yields and contain few by-products such as carbonates or chloroformates.

Abstract: Novel processes and intermediates useful for the manufacture of the Wittig ester salts are disclosed. The Wittig ester salts are known as important C.sub.5 building blocks for the manufacture of various polyenecarboxylic acid esters in the field of carotenoid chemistry.

Abstract: Novel processes and intermediates useful for the manufacture of the Wittig ester salts are disclosed. The Wittig ester salts are known as important CS building blocks for the manufacture of various polyenecarboxylic acid esters in the field of carotenoid chemistry.

Abstract: Acyclic terpene compounds useful as intermediates for producing sarcophytol A which have an anti-carcinogenic promotor activity and anti-tumor activity, which compounds are shown by the general formula (I): ##STR1##

Abstract: Terpene derivatives of formula I, their preparation and their use. In formula I, R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkanoyl radical and R' represents a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel acyclic terpenes of the formula: ##STR1## which are useful as intermediates for the industrially advantageous production of sarcophytol A.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for chlorinating, brominating and/or iodinating an organic substrate containing both a single acidic hydrogen atom and at least one electron withdrawing group attached to the same carbon atom. The process replaces the single acidic hydrogen with chlorine, bromine and/or iodine and involves reacting the substrate in solution with a halogenating agent (e.g., a perhalomethane wherein the halogen substituents are I, Br and/or Cl, a trihaloacetic acid ester wherein the halogen substituents are Br and/or Cl, or a perfluoroalkyl halide wherein the halide is I, Br and/or Cl) in the presence of (i) a phase transfer catalyst of the formula R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 LJ where L is selected from the group consisting of phosphorus and nitrogen, where J is an inorganic anion other than fluoride, and where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for chlorinating, brominating and/or iodinating an organic substrate containing both a single acidic hydrogen atom and at least one electron withdrawing group attached to the same carbon atom. The process replaces the single acidic hydrogen with chlorine, bromine and/or iodine and involves reacting the substrate in solution with a halogenating agent (e.g., a perhalomethane wherein the halogen substituents are I, Br and/or Cl, a trihaloacetic acid ester wherein the halogen substituents are Br and/or Cl, or a perfluoroalkyl halide wherein the halide is I, Br and/or Cl) in the presence of a quaternary ammonium fluoride catalyst of the formula R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 NF where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently chosen from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl radicals containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Compounds of formula ##STR1## in which n denotes an integer from 1 to 10 and X and Y, which are identical or different, each denote an electron-attracting group, are made by reacting a halogenating agent with a compound of formula ##STR2## in which R, X and Y are as hereinbefore defined, anionized by a base.

Abstract: Compounds halogenated in the .alpha.-position to an electron-attracting group of formula ##STR1## in which X denotes a halogen atom, R denotes a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical or a radical --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --COOR.sub.1 and Z denotes a radical --CHO, --COR.sub.2, --COOR.sub.3, --CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5, --CN, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.6, --NO.sub.2, --CO--(CH.sub.2)p--COO.sub.1 or --COO(CH.sub.2)p--COOR.sub.1 are made by a halogenating deacylation of a compound of formula ##STR2## in which R' denotes a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical, R" denotes a methyl radical and Z' denotes a radical --CHO, --COR.sub.2, --COOR.sub.3, --CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5, --CN, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.6 or --NO.sub.2 or R' and R" may form a radical --(CH.sub.2)-- or R' and R" may form a radical --CO--(CH.sub.2)p-- or --COO(CH.sub.2)p--, using an alkali metal alcoholate or an alkali or alkaline-earth metal carbonate and a halogenating agent.