Abstract: Unsymmetrical diperoxides of the general structure: ##STR1## for example, 4-(t-butylperoxycarbonyl)-3-hexyl-6-[7-(tbutylperoxycarbonyl)heptyl] cyclohexene, are useful for polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers (such as styrene). The polymerizations can be carried out at higher temperatures and in shorter times than with conventional initiator systems, without detrimental decrease in polymer molecular weight or significant change in molecular weight distribution. The unsymmetrical diperoxides are also useful as catalysts for curing unsaturated polyester resins.

Abstract: Polycarboxylic acid-2-hydroxyalkyl esters of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic radical which is optionally substituted or interrupted by heteroatoms, and/or optionally substituted by hydroxyl groups, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is an alkyl radical having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, n.gtoreq.0 and m.gtoreq.2, with the proviso that m.gtoreq.n and the total of n+m.gtoreq.3, and their use as emulsifying agents and cosmetic emulsions containing them.

Abstract: A process for preparing esters which comprises reacting a polycarboxylic acid with an alcohol, removing the unreacted alcohol from the resultant esterification reaction mixture, heating the crude ester at a temperature of 160.degree. to 340.degree. C., contacting the heat-treated crude ester with an adsorbent, and recovering the ester of high purity. The ester obtained has superior electrical insulation, transparency and thermal stability.

Abstract: Polymerizable acrylic monomers, and anaerobic adhesives which contain such monomers, wherein the acrylic monomers contain internal chain unsaturation in addition to terminal acrylic unsaturation.

Abstract: Tetrahydrophthalic anhydride for the preparation of polyesters is conveniently prepared in a stable, liquid form for transportation and storage by adding molten anhydride to a 100.degree. to 120.degree. C., C.sub.2 to C.sub.9 glycol at rate to maintain this temperature range without raising the temperature of the mixture in increments of more than 5.degree. F., reacting the mixture for a sufficient time to reduce the acid number of the mixture to a number in the range below the theoretical acid number for the half ester of the glycol and anhydride and 165; thereafter cooling the mixture to 155.degree. C., adding glycol as necessary to provide a mole ratio of glycol to anhydride in the range of 1.2 to 2:1 and cooling the mixture to a temperature in the range of 40.degree. to 70.degree. C.

Abstract: A sulfonic acid salt of an acyloxyalkylamine is prepared by reaction of an organic acid or amino-acid with a sulfonic acid salt of an alkanolamine. Isocyanates are prepared therefrom by reaction with phosgene.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a uranium compound, an alkali metal ion, and a halide, is effective to convert conjugated dienes in carboxylic acid media to diacyloxy olefins.

Abstract: (Meth)acrylic acid esters of tricyclo [5.2.1.0..sup.2.6 ]-decane derivatives having the formula ##STR1## wherein A represents the radical ##STR2## wherein R is a divalent hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of alkylene, alkenylene, cyclohexylene, phenylene and tetrahydrophenylene, and R.sub.1 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl; as well as the process for the production of the esters, and their use in adhesive or sealing compositions which harden under exclusion of oxygen.

Abstract: A 2-(2-pentynyl) cyclopentanol derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 is lower straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl, and process for preparing the same.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a titanium compound, an alkali metal ion, and a halide, is effective for the conversion of conjugated diolefins to diacyloxy olefins.

Abstract: A 2-cyclopentenone derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are lower straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl, alkenyl or aralkyl, and R.sub.4 is 2-pentenyl or 2-pentynyl, and process for preparing the same.

Abstract: Conjugated dienes or monoolefins are converted to diesters in a process utilizing a catalyst system comprising an alkali metal compound and a sulfur source comprising elemental sulfur or a sulfur halide, optionally with a halide source, in carboxylic acid media.

Abstract: Compounds of the structure R(SCH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 X).sub.n when n=1 to 4 and R is a hydrocarbon, ether, ester, acetal, hydroxy aliphatic, hydroxy aromatic, imide or amide group or halogenated derivatives thereof are prepared by reacting 1-halo-3-mercapto-2-propanol with an aliphatically unsaturated compound using free radical initiators as catalysts. The compounds in which R is an unsaturated or polyunsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of 2 to 24 carbon atoms, or an unsaturated or polyunsaturated cycloaliphatic group, and those in which the aliphatic or cycloaliphatic group is connected through two or more of the polyunsaturated to two or more --S--CH.sub.2 CHOHCHCl groups, and compounds where R is an alkylene or polyalkylene substituted aromatic group and the hydroxy, thioalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, ester, carbamidoalkyl and sulfamidoalkyl, halogenated derivatives of said groups are new compounds. The thioether halohydrins can be converted to epoxides.

Abstract: Polyether-ester polyols are prepared in the presence of from 0.005 percent to 0.01 percent by weight (50-100 ppm) of a trialkylamine. The resulting polyols have improved color and are obtained in markedly reduced reaction times.

Abstract: A random polyester containing residues of aliphatic diols, aromatic dicarboxylic acids and hydroxyacids and being endstopped by monocarboxylic acids are useful plasticizers especially for polyvinyl chloride polymers.

Abstract: Polyesters having an average molecular weight from 500 to 1400, containing dicarboxylic acid-, aliphatic diol- and hydroxy acid or lactone residues and which are endstopped by monohydric alcohols are useful plasticizers for example for PVC.

Abstract: A transparentizing composition for paper comprising a compound having the formula: ##STR1## or salts thereof and a solvent.

Abstract: Diacyloxy olefins are prepared by the reaction of a conjugated diolefin with a carboxylic acid in the presence of free oxygen and a Group VIB metal oxide.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition for a photoresist, which comprises (A) a compound having the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein Z is a cyclic dibasic acid anhydride moiety, R.sup.1 is an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or methyl, and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or -CH.sub.2 X in which X is chlorine or bromine, (B) a photopolymerization sensitizer, (C) a polymer being capable of giving a film-forming property, (D) a chain transfer agent and (E) a thermal polymerization inhibitor; and a laminated photosensitive element which has a substantially dry photosensitive layer of the photosensitive composition. The composition and element are capable of giving a minute resist pattern which is excellent as an etching resist or metal plating resist and can be readily removed after etching or metal plating.

Abstract: 4-OXOPENTADECANEDIOIC ACID IS PREPARED BY OXIDIZING A .alpha.-CYCLODODEC-1-ENYLPROPIONIC ACID DERIVATIVE HAVING ONE OF THE FOLLOWING CHEMICAL FORMULAE AT ITS ETHYLENIC DOUBLE BOND WITH OZONE. ##STR1## The compound is useful as an intermediate for a musk perfume compound. The compound having the formula II is selectively prepared from cyclododecanone and di-alkyl succinate.

Abstract: Diacyloxy olefins are prepared by the reaction of a conjugated diolefin with a carboxylic acid in the presence of free oxygen and a catalyst system consisting essentially of an indium compound, a halide source and an alkali metal compound.

Abstract: 7,8-Diacyl bicyclo 2.2.2!oct-5-ene-bis(2,3-dicarboximide) and 7,8-diacyl bicyclo 2.2.2!octane-bis(2,3-dicarboximide) compounds useful for the production of polyimides.

Abstract: Disclosed and claimed are biodegradable builders for use with water-soluble organic detergent compounds. The builders are alkali metal salts of ester-acids derived from polycarboxylic acid anhydrides.Also claimed are a method for making the compounds and detergent compositions containing the disclosed compounds.

Abstract: Radiocurable compositions of matter consisting essentially of Diels-Alder reaction products between (A) at least one dienophile containing at least two double bonds >C=C<, at least one of which derives from acrylic acid and (B) at least one linear or cyclic diene containing at least two conjugated olefinic double bonds, the preparation thereof and sealers, adhesives, paints, varnishes and inks formulated therewith.

Abstract: Allylic alkylation with retention of configuration of a substrate having an allylic carbon-oxygen bond by reaction with a nucleophile in the presence of a Pd.degree. with an excess of a phosphine.

Abstract: A process comprisingA. reacting an ester of malonic acid having the formula ##STR1## with formaldehyde and a diene having the formula ##STR2## in the presence of an amine catalyst at about reflux temperature to form a compound having the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sup.1 and R .sup.2 are the same or different and each represents alkyl of 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, cyclohexyl or alkenyl of 2 to about 4 carbon atoms and each R.sup.3 is the same or different and represents hydrogen, methyl or ethyl.

Abstract: Isomerization of the cis,trans isomers of 1,2,5,6-tetrasubstituted-1,5-cyclooctadienes to the corresponding cis,cis-isomers is carried out by contacting the cis,trans isomers with a halogen promoter in the presence of a suitable solvent in the absence of light.

Abstract: Certain phosphorus-containing compounds are described herein which are novel latent catalysts for promoting the reaction between vicinal epoxides and phenols and/or carboxylic acids (or anhydrides). Precatalyzed epoxy resins are easily prepared using such catalysts.

Abstract: Disclosed and claimed are biodegradable builders for use with water-soluble organic detergent compounds. The builders are alkali metal salts of ester-acids derived from polycarboxylic acid anhydrides.Also claimed are a method for making the compounds and detergent compositions containing the disclosed compounds.