Abstract: The present invention provides a sulfonium compound represented by the formula (I): wherein Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl group, R1 represents a C5-C42 organic group having a ?-ketoester structure and A+ represents an organic counter ion, and a chemically amplified photoresist composition comprising the above-mentioned sulfonium compound and a resin comprising a structural unit having an acid-labile group and being insoluble or poorly soluble in an aqueous alkali solution but becoming soluble in an aqueous alkali solution by the action of an acid.

Abstract: A positive photosensitive composition includes at least one compound that when exposed to actinic rays or radiation, generates any of the sulfonic acids of general formula (I) and a resin whose solubility in an alkali developer is increased by the action of an acid, wherein each of X1 and X2 independently represents a fluorine atom or a fluoroalkyl group, R1 represents a group with a polycyclic structure, provided that the polycyclic structure may have a substituent, and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a chain alkyl group, a monocyclic alkyl group, a group with a polycyclic structure or a monocyclic aryl group, provided that each of the chain alkyl group, monocyclic alkyl group, polycyclic structure and monocyclic aryl group may have a substituent, and provided that R1 and R2 may be bonded to each other to thereby form a polycyclic structure.

Abstract: A compound represented by general formula (I); and a compound represented by general formula (b1-1). wherein Q1 represents a divalent linkage group or a single bond; Y1 represents an alkylene group which may have a substituent or a fluorinated alkylene group which may have a substituent; X represents a cyclic group of 3 to 30 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and has an —SO2— bond in the structure thereof; M+ represents an alkali metal ion; and A+ represents an organic cation.

Abstract: Methods, compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and kits are described for treating or preventing amyloid-related disease.

Abstract: Methods, compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and kits are described for treating or preventing amyloid-related disease.

Abstract: The invention provides novel acid generators which are unproblematic in combustibility and accumulation inside the human body and can generate acids having high acidities and high boiling points and exhibiting properly short diffusion lengths in resist coating films and which permit the formation of resist patterns excellent smoothness with little dependence on the denseness of a mask pattern; sulfonic acids generated from the acid generators; sulfonyl halides useful as raw material in the synthesis of the acid generators; and radiation-sensitive resin compositions containing the acid generators. The acid generators have structures represented by the general formula (I), wherein R1 is a monovalent substituent such as alkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl, or alkoxysulfonyl; R2 to R4 are each hydrogen or alkyl; k is an integer of 0 or above; and n is an integer of 0 to 5.

Abstract: A salt represented by the formula (I0): wherein Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl group, L1 represents a divalent C1-C17 hydrocarbon group in which one or more —CH2— can be replaced by —O— or —CO—, m represents 1 or 2, and Zm+ represents m-valent organic or inorganic cation.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel solid state forms of tapentadol salts, process for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions, and method of treating thereof. The tapentadol salts include an L-(?)-camphorsulfonate salt, a dibenzoyl-(L)-tartrate salt, a dibenzoyl-(D)-tartrate salt, a malate salt, a maleate salt, or a salicylate salt.

Abstract: The invention discloses water-soluble triterpenephenol compounds having antitumor activity represented by formula (I), wherein the substituents R1˜R4 and M are defined as in the description. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the compounds of formula (I) used quinone methide triterpene compounds as starting materials. The water-soluble triterpenephenol compounds disclosed in the invention can be made into various dosage forms including injection, tablet, capsule, granule and liniment, particularly suitable for making into injection.

Abstract: A compound has a partial structure shown by a following formula (1), wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, Rf represents a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, L represents an integer from 0 to 4, n represents an integer from 0 to 10, and m represents an integer from 1 to 4.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for converting ammonium salts of organic acids to the particular free organic acid, wherein an aqueous solution of the ammonium salt is contacted with an organic extractant and the salt is dissociated at temperatures and pressures at which the aqueous solution and the extractant are in the liquid state, and a stripping medium or entraining gas is introduced in order to remove NH3 from the aqueous solution and transfer at least a portion of the free organic acid formed to the organic extractant. The invention described here thus provides an improved process for releasing an organic acid, preferably a carboxylic, sulphonic or phosphonic acid, especially an alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid or beta-hydroxycarboxylic acid, from the ammonium salt thereof by release and removal of ammonia and simultaneous extraction of the acid released with a suitable extractant from the aqueous phase. This process corresponds to a reactive extraction.

Abstract: A resist composition including a base component (A) which exhibits changed solubility in an alkali developing solution under action of acid and an acid-generator component (B) including a compound represented by (b1-1), a compound represented by (b1-1?) and/or a compound represented by (b1-1?) (R1?-R3? represents an aryl group or an alkyl group, provided that at least one of R1?-R3? represents a substituted aryl group being substituted with a group represented by (b1-1-0), and two of R1?-R3? may be mutually bonded to form a ring with the sulfur atom; X represents a C3-C30 hydrocarbon group; Q1 represents a carbonyl group-containing divalent linking group; X10 represents a C1-C30 hydrocarbon group; Q3 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group; Y10 represents —C(?O)— or —SO2—; represents a C1-C10 alkyl group or a fluorinated alkyl group: Q2 represents a single bond or an alkylene group; and W represents a C2-C10 alkylene group).

Abstract: The present invention describes an improved industrial process for crystallizing out polymorph ‘Form I’ of (+) clopidogrel hydrogen sulphate (also called clopidogrel bisulphate) in) from either a Type-1 solvent or liquid characterized by comprising two or more functional groups or their mixtures thereof; or a Type-II solvent and/or solvent mixture selected from the group of methyl ethyl ketone, cyclopentylmethyl ether, dipropylglycolether, dibutylglycol ether, propylmethyl cellosolve, butylmethylcellosolve, propylethylellosolve, butylethylcellosolve or their cross combinations in a reproducible manner without detectable contamination of polymorph designated as ‘Form II’. The invention also discloses improvements in the preparation of clopidogrel free base and process for recovery and recycling of resolving agent camphor sulphonic acid.

Abstract: An acid generating agent used for chemically amplified resist compositions is provided, which agent is represented by the following formula (1): wherein X represents a monocyclic or polycyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, and having at least one hydrogen atom on the ring substituted by an alkyl or alkoxy group which and may be unsubstituted or substituted with a group selected from an ether group, an ester group, a carbonyl group, an acetal group, an epoxy group, a nitrile group and an aldehyde group, or by a perfluoroalkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group, or a cyano group; R6 is an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of N, S and F; m is an integer from 0 to 2; and A+ is an organic counterion.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of compounds of formula (X—Ar—Y), in which X and Y respectively are selected independently of one another from the groups H, C-1-8 alkyl and groups as per formulae (Ia), (Ib) or (Ic), together with other groups that are defined as cited in the description, as antioxidants. The invention also relates to corresponding novel compounds and preparations and to corresponding production methods for said compounds and preparations.

Abstract: The present invention provides a salt represented by the formula (I): wherein Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl group, T represents a methylene group or a carbonyl group, R represents an adamantyl group substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, a cyano group and an oxo group, and A+ represents an organic counter ion. The present invention further provides a chemically amplified resist composition comprising the salt represented by the above-mentioned formula (I).

Abstract: A process for producing an alkoxycarbonylfluoroalkanesulfonate represented by the formula [1] is provided. This process includes the steps of (a) reacting a halofluoroalkanoate represented by the formula [2], with a sulfinating agent, thereby obtaining an alkoxycarbonylfluoroalkanesulfinate represented by the formula [3]; and (b) reacting the alkoxycarbonylfluoroalkanesulfinate with an oxidizing agent, thereby obtaining the target alkoxycarbonylfluoroalkanesulfonate. Furthermore, it is possible to react the obtained alkoxycarbonylfluoroalkanesulfonate with a monovalent onium salt to conduct a salt exchange, thereby obtaining a alkoxycarbonylfluoroalkanesulfonic acid onium salt represented by the formula [4].

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) or (II) wherein R1 is C1-C10haloalkylsulfonyl, halobenzenesulfonyl, C2- C10haloalkanoyl, halobenzoyl; R2 is halogen or C1-C10 haloalkyl; Arl is phenyl, biphenylyl, fluorenyl, naphthyl, anthracyl, phenanthryl, or heteroaryl, all of which are optionally substituted; Ar?1 is for example phenylene, naphthylene, diphonylene, heteroarylene, oxydiphenylene, phenyleneD-D1-D-phenylene or —Ar?1-A1—Y1-A1—Ar?1—; wherein these radicals optionally are substituted; Ae?, is phenylene, naphthylene, anthracylene, phenanthrylene, or heteroarylene, all optionally substituted; A, is for example a direct bond, —0—, —S—, or —NR6—; Y, inter alia is C1-C18alkylene; X is halogen; D is for example —0—, —S— or —NR6—; D, inter alia is C1-C18alkylene; are particularly suitable as photolatent acids in ArF resist technology.

Abstract: The process for separating the R(?)- and S(+)-5-[2-[[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino]propyl]-2-methoxybenzene-sulfonamide enantiomers comprises (a) reacting a mixture of said enantiomers with an optically active organic acid to form diastereoisomeric salts with said enantiomers, where in said diastereoisomeric salts have different solubility and can be separated by crystallization; (b) separating the diastereoisomeric salt mixture enriched in the salt of one of the enantiomers; and (c) releasing said salts to obtain the R(?)or S(+) enantiomer. The R(?)-5-[2-[[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy) ethyl]amino]propyl]-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide enantiomer has ?-adrenergic blocking activity and is useful as an antihypertensive agent suitable for the treatment of congestive heart failure and benign prostatic hypertrophy.

Abstract: Optically impure tamsulosin including racemic tamsulosin can be resolved into optically pure (R)- or (S)-tamsulosin by the use of diastereomeric sulfonate salts of tamsulosin in a fractional crystallization technique. Racemic tamsulosin free base is a useful starting material for the resolution process and a method of obtaining the same in solid form, including two crystalline polymorphic forms, is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel hydrophobic soil dispersants having the formula: wherein A units are arylene units, one of which is phenyl, anthryl, or phenanthryl; each R is independently hydrogen, linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl, —O(R3O)mR4, and mixtures thereof; R3 is C2-C4 linear or branched alkylene, R4 is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, phenyl, phenyl sulphonate, —CH2CH(SO3M)CH2OH, —CH2CH(OH)CH2SO3M, —(CH2)eSO3M, —(CH2)fCO2M, —(CH2)eCH(SO3M)-CH2SO3M, —(CH2)eCH(SO2M)-CH2SO3M, —(CH2)fPO3M, —PO3M, or mixtures thereof; M is hydrogen or a water-soluble cation, the index f is an integer from 1 to 6, the index e is an integer from 0 to 6, m is an integer from 0 to 25; R1 is a sulphonate group; R2 is an amino group; [CAP] is a chain capping unit selected from i) hydrogen; ii) an aryl unit having the formula: iii) an aryl unit having the formula: iv) an aryl unit having the formula: v) an aryl unit having the formula: vi) and mixtures thereof; R5 is hydrogen, —CH2OH, —CH2OSO3M, —CH3, and mix

Abstract: Optically impure tamsulosin including racemic tamsulosin can be resolved into optically pure (R)- or (S)-tamsulosin by the use of diastereomeric sulfonate salts of tamsulosin in a fractional crystallization technique. Racemic tamsulosin free base is a useful starting material for the resolution process and a method of obtaining the same in solid form, including two crystalline polymorphic forms, is also provided.

Abstract: A method of treating neurotoxic injury, where the injury is the result of the release of oxygen-derived free radicals, is disclosed. The method utilizes carboxyfullerenes as free radicals scavengers to reduce the damage caused by the free radicals.

Abstract: In the presence of an imide compound of the following formula (1), a sulfur oxide is reacted with an organic substrate to yield a corresponding sulfur acid or its salt. This process can efficiently produce an organic sulfur acid or its salt under relatively mild conditions. ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is, identical to or different from each other, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or an acyl group, where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be combined to form a double bond or an aromatic or non-aromatic ring; X is an oxygen atom or a hydroxyl group, where one or two N-substituted cyclic imido groups indicated in the formula (1) may be further bonded to the aforementioned R.sup.1, R.sup.2 or to the double bond or aromatic or non-aromatic ring formed together by R.sup.1 and R.sup.2.

Abstract: Compounds having anti-inflammatory and other activities are disclosed. The compounds are derived from phorboids of the diterpene- and benzolactam-classes.

Abstract: A solid superacid catalyst composition of a carrier material having a particle size of between 0.5 and 5000 nm and at least one pendant fluoroalkylsulfonic acid or fluoro, perfluoroalkylsulfonic acid group attached thereto. Also, methods for making this catalysts by attaching pendant fluoroalkylsulfonic acid or fluoro, perfluoroalkylsulfonic acid groups to the carrier material by various procedures to form the catalyst composition.

Abstract: Application of a compound having at least one sulfonic acid functional group which is at least partially non-neutralized, in a cosmetic or dermatological composition, to the skin is useful for treating intrinsic ageing of the skin.

Abstract: The invention relates to fullerene derivatives which are capable of scavenging free radicals. The derivatives have the formula F(--X).sub.m (--Y--Z).sub.n, in which F is a fullerene core; each X is independently --CO.sub.2.sup.-, --SO.sub.3.sup.-, --SH, or the like; each --Y--Z is independently (C.sub.3-30 alkyl ether).sub.50 --CH.sub.2 --CO.sub.2.sup.-, (C.sub.3-30 alkyl ester).sub.50 --CH.sub.2 --SO.sub.3.sup.-, (C.sub.3-30 alkyl amide).sub.50 --CH.sub.2 --SH, or the like; m is 0-30; n is 0-30; and the sum of m and n is 2-30.

Abstract: A process suitable for industrially preparing 2,3-trans-1,4-bridged cyclohexane sulfonamide derivatives, especially useful as an intermediate for the synthesis of a trans bicyclo[2,2,1] heptane carboxylic acid derivative, a clinically important thromboxane A.sub.2 antagonist, comprising: allowing to react corresponding a cis/trans mixture of sulfonamide derivatives with an anionoid or water-soluble carbonyl reagent at pH 3-7 so that the trans isomer may form a water-soluble adduct with the anionoid or carbonyl reagent, separating the resulting adduct dissolved in an aqueous layer, and recovering the trans isomer by treating the adduct with a base or an acid. Also provided is an alkali metal hydrogen sulfite adduct of 2,3-trans 1,4-bridged cyclohexane sulfonamide derivative.

Abstract: The invention relates to dialkoxybenzylidene-camphor derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, in each case independently of one another, are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 10 c atoms, andX is H or SO.sub.3 H,and to a process for their preparation and their use in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations.

Abstract: A process suitable for industrially preparing 2,3-trans-1,4-bridged cyclohexane sulfonamide derivatives, especially useful as an intermediate for the synthesis of a trans bicyclo[2,2,1] heptane carboxylic acid derivative, a clinically important thromboxane A.sub.2 antagonist, comprising: allowing to react corresponding a cis/trans mixture of sulfonamide derivatives with an anionoid or water-soluble carbonyl reagent at pH3-7 so that the trans isomer may form a water-soluble adduct with the anionoid or carbonyl reagent, separating the resulting adduct dissolved in an aqueous layer, and recovering the trans isomer by treating the adduct with a base or an acid. Also provided is an alkali metal hydrogen sulfite adduct of 2,3-trans 1,4-bridged cyclohexane sulfonamide derivative.

Abstract: A series of new azulene analogues are disclosed, which are represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is --COOH, --COOR.sub.4 (R.sub.4 represents a lower alkyl), --CH.dbd.CH--COOH, --CH.sub.2 --COOH or --SO.sub.3 H;R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or lower-alkyl group;R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl or benzyl group;A is --SO.sub.2 --, ##STR2## (R.sub.5 represents a lower alkyl); B is a phenyl, a lower alkylphenyl, a lower alkoxyphenyl, nitrophenyl, trifluoroalkylphenyl, mono-or di-halogenated-phenyl, naphthyl or tetrahydroaphthyl group;Y is an alkylene or alkenylene group.The compounds of the present invention are useful as thromboxane A.sub.2 and prostagrandin endoperoxide receptor antagonists.

Abstract: Polyvalent metal salt of a sulphonated derivative of benzylidenecamphor having the general formula: ##STR1## in which M.sup.n+ denotes a polyvalent metal cation in which n is equal to 2, 3 or 4; andOne of the symbols X.sub.1 or X.sub.2 denotes a hydrogen atom, the other denoting one of the following radicals Y.sub.1 Y.sub.2 : ##STR2## where M.sup.n+ has the same meaning as above. Cosmetic composition screening out UV rays of wavelengths 280-380 nm, containing the compound of formula (I) as well as, optionally, other sunscreens.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of ether sulfonates or polyglycol ether sulfonates by reacting an organic alcoholic or phenolic compound or the corresponding alkoxylate in aqueous solution with vinyl sulfonate in the presence of from 0.1 to 3.0% by weight of an alkaline catalyst and, if required, additionally in the presence of a phase-transfer catalyst, and ether sulfonates or polyglycol ether sulfonates prepared by this process and of the general formulaR--O(C.sub.n H.sub.2n O).sub.z --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 Xwhere R is H or an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical (which may contain nitrogen as a heteroatom) of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, n is from 2 to 30, z is from 0 to 300 and X is an alkali metal.

Abstract: N-(3-Dialkylamino-2-propenylidene)-N-alkylalkanaminium salts substituted in the 2-position with an ether or thioether and having the formula ##STR1## are active as hypoglycemic agents.