Sulfonic Acids Or Salts Thereof (i.e., Compounds Containing The Sulfonate Group, -s(=o)(=o)-o- Wherein The Single Bonded Oxygen Is Bonded Directly To Hydrogen, Or To A Group Ia Or Iia Light Metal Or To Substituted Or Unsubstituted Ammonium) Patents (Class 562/30)
- Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding (e.g., aldehydes, etc.) (Class 562/46)
- Nitrogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding (Class 562/58)
- Nonsulfonate chalcogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding (Class 562/74)
- Halogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding (Class 562/83)
- Addition salts having organic nitrogen containing cation (Class 562/84)
- Acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation containing (Class 562/87)
- Plural benzene rings bonded directly to each other, or to the same acyclic carbon or acyclic carbon chain (Class 562/88)
- Polycyclo ring system consisting of benzene rings bonded directly to the sulfonate group (Class 562/89)
- Sulfonate group and alkyl group of at least four carbons bonded directly to the same benzene ring (Class 562/91)
- Sulfonation utilizing sulfur trioxide or oleum (e.g., sulfonation of benzene or toluene with oleum, etc.) (Class 562/98)
- Sulfonation utilizing sulfuric acid (e.g., sulfonation of benzene or toluene with sulfuric acid, etc.) (Class 562/99)
- The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group (Class 562/109)
- Plural chalcogens attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by acyclic nonionic bonding (Class 562/110)
- Plural carbons bonded directly to the chalcogen (e.g., ethers, etc.) (Class 562/111)
- Addition salts having organic nitrogen containing cation (Class 562/112)
- Decarboxylation, hydrogenation or formation of carbon-to-carbon unsaturation (Class 562/116)
- Conversion of sulfur containing hetero ring compounds to sulfonic acids (Class 562/117)
- Oxidation of organic sulfur compounds to sulfonic acids (Class 562/118)
- Hydrolysis of sulfonyl halides (Class 562/119)
- Formation of sulfonic acids or sulfonic acid salts utilizing inorganic sulfonating agents (e.g., reaction of alcohols or alkyl halides with sulfurous acid, etc.) (Class 562/120)
- Purification or recovery (Class 562/124)