Abstract: A resist composition including a base component which exhibits changed solubility in an alkali developing solution under action of acid and an acid-generator component which generates acid upon exposure, the acid-generator including an acid generator consisting of a compound represented by general formula (b1-1) shown below: In which RX represents a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent exclusive of a nitrogen atom; each of Q2 and Q3 independently represents a single bond or a divalent linkage group; Y1 represents an alkylene group or fluorinated alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and Z+ represents an organic cation exclusive of an ion represented by general formula (w-1).

Abstract: A resist composition including a base component (A) which exhibits changed solubility in an alkali developing solution under action of acid and an acid-generator component (B) which generates acid upon exposure, the acid-generator component (B) including an acid generator (B1) consisting of a compound represented by general formula (b1-1) shown below: wherein RX represents a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent exclusive of a nitrogen atom; each of Q2 and Q3 independently represents a single bond or a divalent linkage group; Y1 represents an alkylene group or fluorinated alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and Z+ represents an organic cation exclusive of an ion represented by general formula (w-1).

Abstract: One subject of the invention is a dimethyl disulphide in which the content of biocarbon is at least 1%. Another subject of the invention is processes for preparing this dimethyl disulphide. Yet another subject of the invention is the use of such a dimethyl disulphide for the manufacture of methanesulphonic acid.

Abstract: Embodiments are related to ionic liquids and more specifically to ionic liquids used in electrochemical metal-air cells in which the ionic liquid includes sulfonate ions as the anion.

Abstract: This invention relates to ophthalmic disinfecting and preserving compositions. More particularly, this invention relates to multi-purpose disinfecting solutions [MPDS] suitable for use in or with storage cases for treating multiple-use contact lenses and/or for preserving, disinfecting or packaging of contact and other ophthalmic lenses.

Abstract: Embodiments are related to ionic liquids and more specifically to ionic liquids used in electrochemical metal-air cells in which the ionic liquid includes sulfonate ions as the anion.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an isomerized alpha olefin sulfonate and a method of making the same wherein the isomerized alpha olefin sulfonate is derived from sulfonating an isomerized alpha olefin with sulfur trioxide in the presence of air thereby producing an isomerized alpha olefin sulfonic acid, wherein the isomerized alpha olefin is derived from the isomerization of C12-C40 normal alpha olefins; and neutralizing the isomerized alpha olefin sulfonic acid with a source of a mono-valent cation.

Abstract: Sulfonate salts have the formula: HOCH2CH2CF2CF2SO3?M+ wherein M+ is a Li, Na, K, ammonium or tetramethylammonium ion. Onium salts, oxime sulfonates and sulfonyloxyimides derived from these salts are effective photoacid generators in chemically amplified resist compositions.

Abstract: Sulfonate salts have the formula: HOCH2CH2CF2CF2SO3?M+ wherein M+ is a Li, Na, K, ammonium or tetramethylammonium ion. Onium salts, oxime sulfonates and sulfonyloxyimides derived from these salts are effective photoacid generators in chemically amplified resist compositions.

Abstract: There is provided a compound represented by a general formula (B1-1) shown below, an acid generator composed of the above compound, a resist composition containing an acid generator composed of the above compound, and a method of forming a resist pattern: (wherein RX represents a hydrocarbon group which may contain a substituent group; Q1 represents an alkylene group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may contain a substituent group, or a single bond; n represents an integer of 0 or 1; Y1 represents an alkylene group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a fluorinated alkylene group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and A+ represents an organic cation which contains a nitrogen atom).

Abstract: A novel class of anionic surfactants with improved surfact active properties is comprised of two hydrophilic and two hydrophobic groups represented by the formula: ##STR1## The surfactants exhibit unusually low critical micelle concentration (cmc) and pC-20 values in aqueous media.

Abstract: Distillate fuel is treated with additives whose structure match the crystal planes of the wax which crystallizes from the fuel to produce crystals below 4000 nanometres in size, suitable additive include novel sulpho-carboxylic materials particularly their esters and amine derivatives such as the amine salts and/or amides of ortho-sulpho benzoic acid.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for preparing ammonium hydroxyalkyl sulfonate by a process of reacting ammonium bisulfite and alkylene oxide wherein the pH is maintained at a relatively low value throughout most of the time of reaction of ammonium bisulfite and alkylene oxide in order to minimize the quantity of impurities, e.g. alkylene glycol and alkanolamine, in the ammonium hydroxyalkyl sulfonate. Ammonium alkanoyl alkyl sulfonates prepared by reacting such ammonium hydroxyalkyl sulfonates with fatty acids form aqueous solutions which are clear at ambient temperatures, and thus are useful as surfactants in clear liquid products.

Abstract: A compound of the formulaROCH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3.sup.- X.sup.+wherein R is alkyl, alkenyl of eight to twenty two carbon atoms or mixtures thereof inclusive and X is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium compound.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for producing organic esters wherein a dialkyl ether and a carboxylic acid are reacted in the presence of a solid phase acidic catalyst having an acidity factor of at least 0.30, preferably at least 1, under reaction conditions sufficient to form a reaction mixture comprising the desired organic ester and an alcohol and recovering the organic ester. For example, methyl acetate can be prepared by reacting dimethyl ether and acetic acid in the presence of montmorillonite, amorphous silica-alumina or .kappa.-alumina under conditions sufficient to form methyl acetate. While typical processes produce an azeotropic mixture of the desired organic ester and water, the claimed process utilizes a combination or reactants and catalysts wherein water is not produced in appreciable amounts. Therefore, the organic ester product can be separated conveniently thereby avoiding a cumbersome azeotropic distillation step as required in prior art processes.

Abstract: The L-arginine salts of the mercaptoethansulphonic acid are active in the therapy of the bladder carcinoma and in the therapy and prevention of the cistinic kidney calculi.The saline derivatives with basic aminoacids and their alkyl esters are moreover devoid of side effects.The latter derivatives are prepared by reacting, in aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic medium, equimolar amounts of mercaptoethansulphonic acid, just prepared from an organic or inorganic salt thereof, and of the desired aminoacid.