Abstract: A molecular glass compound comprises a vinyl ether adduct of an aromatic vinyl ether of formula C(R1)2?C(R2)—O-(L)n-Ar1, and a calix[4]arene, wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a single bond, H, C1-20 alkyl, C1-20 haloalkyl, C6-20 aryl, C6-20 haloaryl, C7-20 aralkyl, or C7-20 haloaralkyl, L is a C1-20 linking group, n is 0 or 1, and Ar1 is a halo-containing monocyclic, or substituted or unsubstituted polycyclic or fused polycyclic C6-20 aromatic-containing moiety, wherein R1 and R2 are connected to Ar1 when either or both of R1 and R2 is a single bond and n is 0. A photoresist, comprising the molecular glass compound, a solvent, and a photoacid generator, a coated substrate, comprising (a) a substrate having one or more layers to be patterned on a surface thereof; and (b) a layer of a photoresist composition over the one or more layers to be patterned, and a method of forming the molecular glass compound, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A class of topomimetic calixarene-based peptide mimetics is described. Calixarene-based peptide mimetics have various biological activities such as, for example, bactericidal activity, antiangiogenic activity, and/or antitumor activity. Methods of use and methods of designing calixarene-based peptide mimetics are described.

Abstract: A class of topomimetic calixarene-based peptide mimetics is described. Calixarene-based peptide mimetics have various biological activities such as, for example, bactericidal activity, antiangiogenic activity, and/or antitumor activity. Methods of use and methods of designing calixarene-based peptide mimetics are described.

Abstract: A class of topomimetic calixarene-based peptide mimetics is described. Calixarene-based peptide mimetics have various biological activities such as, for example, bactericidal activity, antiangiogenic activity, and/or antitumor activity. Methods of use and methods of designing calixarene-based peptide mimetics are described.

Abstract: A method for producing a biaryl compound represented by the formula (2) Ar—Ar ??(2) wherein Ar represents an aromatic group which can have a substituent, comprising conducting a coupling reaction of a compound represented by the formula (1) Ar—Cl ??(1) wherein Ar represents the same meaning as defined above, in the presence of copper metal and a copper salt.

Abstract: Disclosed are a carbon nano-tube (CNT) thin film treated with chemical having an electron withdrawing functional group and a manufacturing method thereof. Specifically, the CNT thin film comprises a CNT composition to be applied on a plastic substrate. The CNT composition comprises a CNT; and chemical connected to the CNT and having an electron withdrawing functional group. In addition, the method for manufacturing a CNT thin film comprises steps of preparing a CNT; treating the CNT with chemical having an electron withdrawing functional group; mixing the CNT treated with the chemical with a dispersing agent or dispersing solvent to prepare a CNT dispersed solution; and forming a CNT thin film with the CNT dispersed solution. According to the CNT thin film and the manufacturing method thereof, a resistance of an electrode is decreased to improve the electric conductivity of the electrode.

Abstract: A method of separating at least one carbon nanotube having a desired diameter and/or chirality from a mixture of carbon nanotubes having different diameters and/or chiralities is provided. A calixarene of formula (I): wherein n?4; X is PO3H2, Ra—PO3H, SO3H, or Ra—SO3H; Y is Rb, OH, or ORb; and Ra and Rb are independently selected from the group consisting of optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted arylene alkyl and optionally substituted alkylene aryl is combined with the mixture of carbon nanotubes in an aqueous solvent to produce an aqueous supernatant containing the carbon nanotube(s) having the desired diameter and/or chirality. The aqueous supernatant containing the carbon nanotube(s) is then separated from a residue comprising the remaining carbon nanotubes of the mixture.

Abstract: The use of water-soluble aromatic polysulfonic acid salts for inhibiting fouling in process equipment used in the thermal treatment of heavy oils.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition containing, as an active ingredient, a compound that specifically binds to KSRP or a functional fragment thereof, and a screening method for the compound. KSRP is a novel target protein for anticancer agents; a compound capable of regulating the expression and activity of such a protein and a pharmaceutical composition containing it are highly useful for proliferative diseases, particularly as anticancer agents. By providing the novel target protein, the mechanism behind the anticancer effect that has conventionally been unexplainable can be elucidated.

Abstract: A method for upgrading heavy oils by contacting the heavy oil with a water-soluble aromatic polysulfonic acid salt and then thermally treating the contacted heavy oil. The polysulfonic acid salt can be recovered and recycled from contacting the heavy oil. The polysulfonic acid salt is recovered and recycled. The invention also relates to the upgraded product from the enhanced thermal treatment process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel hydrophobic soil dispersants having the formula: wherein A units are arylene units, one of which is phenyl, anthryl, or phenanthryl; each R is independently hydrogen, linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl, —O(R3O)mR4, and mixtures thereof; R3 is C2-C4 linear or branched alkylene, R4 is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, phenyl, phenyl sulphonate, —CH2CH(SO3M)CH2OH, —CH2CH(OH)CH2SO3M, —(CH2)eSO3M, —(CH2)fCO2M, —(CH2)eCH(SO3M)-CH2SO3M, —(CH2)eCH(SO2M)-CH2SO3M, —(CH2)fPO3M, —PO3M, or mixtures thereof; M is hydrogen or a water-soluble cation, the index f is an integer from 1 to 6, the index e is an integer from 0 to 6, m is an integer from 0 to 25; R1 is a sulphonate group; R2 is an amino group; [CAP] is a chain capping unit selected from i) hydrogen; ii) an aryl unit having the formula: iii) an aryl unit having the formula: iv) an aryl unit having the formula: v) an aryl unit having the formula: vi) and mixtures thereof; R5 is hydrogen, —CH2OH, —CH2OSO3M, —CH3, and mix

Abstract: The present invention seeks to provide novel tetraarylethylene compounds which are substituted on the aryl rings ortho to the ethylenic carbon atoms and processes for the preparation for such compounds. The compounds have potential use as molecular templates.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the discovery that condensation polymers of an aldehyde and aromatic sulfonic acids and fractions thereof, such as formaldehyde naphthalenesulfonic acid condensation polymers, can abrogate HIV gp120 binding to CD4, as demonstrated in CD4/gp120 binding assays. In addition to gp120 binding inhibition, the compounds have been shown to inhibit HIV-induced syncytia formation and infectivity of CD+ cells. The use of this compound has been shown to be non-cytotoxic and non-inhibitory to antigen induced T lymphocyte proliferation. Based on these findings, these compounds can be used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), as well as AIDS-related complex (ARC), AIDS-related dementia and non-symptomatic HIV infection. The compounds can also be used to treat blood preparations.

Abstract: There is provided a white crystal form of the compound having the formula: ##STR1## whose crystal form is characterised by an X-ray diffraction diagram which is essentially as shown in Table I, II or III. Also provided is a formulation comprising from 10 to 85% by weight of the white crystal form of compound having the formula (1) and from 90 to 15% by weight of a polyhydroxy compound, preferably glycerine.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the discovery that condensation polymers of an aldehyde and aromatic sulfonic acids and fractions thereof, such as formaldehyde naphthalenesulfonic acid condensation polymers, can abrogate HIV gp120 binding to CD4, as demonstrated in CD4/gp120 binding assays. In addition to gp120 binding inhibition, the compounds have been shown to inhibit HIV-induced syncytia formation and infectivity of CD+ cells. The use of this compound has been shown to be non-cytotoxic and non-inhibitory to antigen induced T lymphocyte proliferation. Based on these findings, these compounds can be used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), as well as AIDS-related complex (ARC), AIDS-related dementia and non-symptomatic HIV infection. The compounds can also be used to treat blood preparations.

Abstract: The present invention is an asphaltene dispersant containing an aromatic, a sulfonic acid head, and an alkyl tail containing 16 carbons or more and at least one branch of a methyl or longer alkyl. Preferably, the aromatic is a fused two ring aromatic and the tail is a two, branched alkyl tail of 30 carbons or longer.

Abstract: A process for the production of a fluorescent whitening agent of formula: ##STR1## in which X and Z are as defined herein, comprising A) rearranging a hydrazobenzene compound having the formula: ##STR2## in which Z is as defined herein, to produce in situ a compound having the formula: ##STR3## B) diazotising the compound of formula (3) to produce a compound having the formula: ##STR4## in which Z has its previous significance and G.sub.1 is a counter ion; and C) reacting the compound of formula (4) with 2 moles of a compound having the formula: ##STR5## in which X and n have their previous significance, in the presence of an inorganic or organic palladium salt, or a mixture thereof, as catalyst-precursor, to produce a compound having the formula (1).

Abstract: A process is provided for the production of compounds having the formula: ##STR1## in which R is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl, cyano or halogen; M is hydrogen or a salt-forming colorless cation; and n is 2;which process comprises reductively de-aminating a compound having the formula: ##STR2## in which R and n have their previous significance and M' is hydrogen, a salt-forming colorless cation or optionally substituted phenyl; and converting any optionally substituted phenyl group M' to a group M.The present invention also provides processes for the production of the compounds of formula (2) and various novel intermediates for use in the new processes.The compounds of formula (1) are useful as fluorescent whitening agents.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the discovery that condensation polymers of an aldehyde and aromatic sulfonic acids and fractions thereof, such as formaldehyde naphthalene-sulfonic acid condensation polymers, can abrogate HIV gp120 binding to CD4, as demonstrated in CD4/gp120 binding assays. In addition to gp120 binding inhibition, the compounds have been shown to inhibit HIV-induced syncytia formation and infectivity of CD+ cells. The use of this compound has been shown to be non-cytotoxic and non-inhibitory to antigen induced T lymphocyte proliferation. Based on these findings, these compounds can be used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), as well as AIDS-related complex (ARC), AIDS-related dementia and non-symptomatic HIV infection. The compounds can also be used to treat blood preparations.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the discovery that condensation polymers of an aldehyde and aromatic sulfonic acids and fractions thereof, such as formaldehyde naphthalene-sulfonic acid condensation polymers, can abrogate HIV gp120 binding to CD4, as demonstrated in CD4/gp120 binding assays. In addition to gp120 binding inhibition, the compounds have been shown to inhibit HIV-induced syncytia formation and infectivity of CD+ cells. The use of this compound has been shown to be non-cytotoxic and non-inhibitory to antigen induced T lymphocyte proliferation. Based on these findings, these compounds can be used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), as well as AIDS-related complex (ARC), AIDS-related dementia and non-symptomatic HIV infection. The compounds can also be used to treat blood preparations.

Abstract: A process for recovering sulfuric acid from a mixture containing sulfuric acid and organic sulfonation products is provided. The process comprises contacting a mixture comprised of sulfuric acid and (i) a naphthalene-based material selected from the group consisting of naphthalenesulfonic acids, lower-alkyl substituted naphthalenesulfonic acids, and mixtures of two or more of such materials, or (ii) an aromatic-based carbonyl condensate (preferably a material selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde condensates of naphthalenesulfonic acids, formaldehyde condensates of lower-alkyl substituted naphthalenesulfonic acids, and mixtures of two or more of such materials), with a basic anion exchange resin in essentially the sulfate form (and preferably in the form of essentially non-porous particles) to provide a raffinate liquid phase enriched with respect to said mixture in said naphthalene-based material and depleted with respect to said mixture in sulfuric acid.

Abstract: Aluminum oxide sealant compositions, concentrates, and processes employing the same are described which comprise an alkaline earth metal salt and certain sulfonated compounds. Unexpected improvements in seal quality are obtained using the compositions of the invention, and in the substantial absence of smut formation. Advantageously, the aqueous sealant compositions of the invention may be cobalt and nickel-free, can be prepared from tap water, and can be employed at temperatures below the boiling point.

Abstract: Onium salt capable of generating acid upon exposure to actinic radiation having the following structure:(R.sub.1).sub.a (R.sub.2).sub.b (R.sub.3).sub.c Q.sup.+ --A--M.sup.+ X.sup.- --B--X'.sup.-where:Q is S;R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently substituted or unsubstituted aromatic, aliphatic, or aralkyl groups having 7-18 carbon atoms;M.sup.+ is a cationic organic radical;A is a divalent radical selected from the group of hindered alkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted aromatic or aralkyl groups;B is a divalent aromatic sensitizer which absorbs radiation having a wavelength longer than 300 nm and is capable of transferring an electron to Q,x.sup.- and X'.sup.- are anionic groups; and wherein A provides a spatial separation between Q and M, and B provides a spatial separation between X and X', such that the spatial separation provided by A between Q and M is substantially the same as the spatial separation provided by B between X and X'.

Abstract: A fluorided silica-alumina catalyst, particularly one with a silica:alumina ratio in the range of 1:1-9:1 containing from 1 to 6 weight percent fluoride, is particularly effective in the liquid phase alkylation of benzene by linear olefins to produce linear alkyl benzenes at temperatures no greater than 140.degree. C. These catalysts also are effective in the liquid phase alkylation of alkylatable aromatics generally with a variety of alkylating agents, including olefins, alcohols, and alkyl halides.

Abstract: Silica-aluminas having a sodium content less than about 0.1 weight percent show increased stability when used as a catalyst for the alkylation of aromatic compounds. Where such silica-aluminas are used as the catalyst in detergent alkylation their increased stability permits continuous alkylation to be performed at lower temperatures, as a result of which the detergent alkylate product shows an incrementally higher linearity. Fluorided silica-aluminas having a sodium content of under 0.05 weight percent are particularly advantageous.

Abstract: Sulphonic acids of bis-styrylbiphenyls, which are useful optical brighteners, are obtained in good yields in a simple manner by reacting styrene compounds with 4,4'-dibromobiphenyl-3,3'-disulphonic acids or their salts in the presence of bases and palladium catalysts.The bis-stilbene compounds have the formula: ##STR1## where at least one of the rings A or B contains a sulfonic acid group.

Abstract: A process is provided for sulfonating an organic reactant which, upon sulfonation, produces a viscous sulfonation reaction product having a viscosity substantially greater than 1,500 centipoises at a reaction temperature wherein the sulfonation reaction product is more than 85% by weight completely reacted. The process utilizes an elongated, enclosed reactor surface greater than about 15 feet in length having upstream and downstream ends and equipped with a heat exchanging surface. The process comprises cocurrently flowing a film of organic reactant and a gaseous sulfonating agent downwardly in the reactor while pressurizing the sulfonating agent cocurrently along said reactor surface while providing a pressure drop between upstream and downstream ends of the reactor to impart sufficient velocity to the gaseous sulfonating agent to thin the film of the viscous sulfonation product.

Abstract: An alkylbiphenyldisulfonate represented by formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl group having from 10 to 15 carbon atoms; M represents an alkali metal atom; and m and n each represents 0, 1, or 2, and m+n=2. The alkylbiphenyldisulfonate exhibits excellent solubility in a concentrated aqueous electrolytic solution and, when used in an emulsion polymerization system, provides a polymer having a fine particle size and excellent stability.

Abstract: A new process for the preparation of aromatic sulphonic acids, in which the sulphonation of the aromatic compounds is carried out with sulphur trioxide in organic solvents in the presence of hydrogen halide.