Abstract: The invention provides methods for inducing reversible chain cleavage of polymer chains in a crosslinked polymeric material or during polymerization of a polymeric material. Reversible cleavage of the polymer backbone is capable of relieving stress in the polymeric material as the bonds reform in a less stressed state. The invention also provides mixtures for making crosslinked polymeric materials, methods for making polymeric materials capable of reversible chain cleavage, materials made by the methods of the invention, and linear monomers containing reversible chain cleavage groups which are useful in the materials and methods of the invention. The mixtures of the invention may be dental restorative compositions used for forming dental restorative materials.

Abstract: An object is to provide a novel therapeutic drug for adult T-cell leukemia having an ATL cell specific antitumor effect. The therapeutic drug for adult T-cell leukemia according to the invention is characterized by containing a compound represented by the formula I or a prodrug thereof, wherein R1 is H, OH, an alkoxy group, an acyl group, or a thioacyl group, R2 is an acyl group, a thioacyl group, CONR7R8, or CSNR7R8 (R7 and R8 being each independently H, an alkyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group), or R1 and R2 together may form a ring, X1 and X2 may be the same or different and are each —CR3R4—, —SiR3R4— or oxygen, and R3 and R4 may be the same or different and are each an alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Organosulfur compounds of the general formula (2) are described, wherein R1 and R2 are linear or branched C1-C5 alkyl; linear or branched C1-C5 alkenyl with the proviso that R1 is not prop-1-enyl (allyl); substituted linear or branched C1-C5 alkenyl or substituted linear or branched C1-C5 alkyl, in which the substituents are selected from OR3, NR4R5, COOR6, CON—R7R8, in which R3 is selected from H, COR9, para-methoxybenzyl and trialkylsilyl, in which R9 is alkyl or substituted alkyl; R4 N and R5 are alkyl or R4 and R5 together form a phthalimido group; R6 is alkyl or substituted alkyl; and R7 and R8 are alkyl or substituted alkyl; substituted or unsubstituted aromatic specifically where R1 and R2 are benzyl, para-methoxybenzyl and/or ortho,para-methoxybenzyl and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaromatic. The compounds can be used for inhibiting the growth of tumor cells and for treating cancer. A pharmaceutical composition and a method of preparing the compounds are also described.

Abstract: Process for preparing one or more iodinated organic substances having a molecular mass of less than 2000 (substances (S)) using (A) at least one free-radical-generating substance chosen from peroxides, diazo compounds, dialkyldiphenylalkanes, substances derived from tetraphenylethane, boranes and iniferter substances comprising at least one thiuram disulphide group, (B) an ethylenically unsaturated substance capable of adding a free radical to its ethylenic double bond, (C) molecular iodine, which comprises the steps according to which at least a fraction of (A), at least a fraction of (B) and at least a fraction of (C) are introduced into a reactor, and then the contents of the reactor are caused to react, while introducing therein the possible remainder of (A), the possible remainder of (B) and the possible remainder of (C), until a moment is reached when the content of the reactor is a mixture comprising one or more substances (S).

Abstract: A cardiac myocyte protective agent, comprising a compound represented by the formula (Ia) below, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof:

Abstract: Organic materials which possess outstanding stability to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation comprise as stabilizers at least one compound of the formula I wherein the general symbols are as defined in claim 1. The compounds of formula I are especially useful as stabilizers for protecting polymers and lubricants against oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and as scavengers for oxidized developer in color photographic material.

Abstract: 4-(3-Alkylsulfinylbenzoyl)pyrazoles of the formula (I) are described as herbicides. In this formula (I), R1 to R4, X and Y are radicals such as hydrogen, organic radicals such as alkyl, and other radicals such as halogen.

Abstract: ?,?-Unsaturated sulfones, sulfoxides, sulfonimides, sulfinimides, acylsulfonamides and acylsulfinamides of Formula I: wherein R1, R2, M1, M2, L, E1, E2, Q1, Q2 and n are as defined herein, are useful as anti-angiogenesis agents, as agents for treatment of age related senile dementia, and as antiproliferative agents including, for example, as anticancer agents.

Abstract: A compound given by the formula (I): has an excellent controlling activity against noxious arthropods.

Abstract: An object is to provide a novel therapeutic drug for adult T-cell leukemia having an ATL cell specific antitumor effect. The therapeutic drug for adult T-cell leukemia according to the invention is characterized by containing a compound represented by the formula I or a prodrug thereof, wherein R1 is H, OH, an alkoxy group, an acyl group, or a thioacyl group, R2 is an acyl group, a thioacyl group, CONR7R8, or CSNR7R8 (R7 and R8 being each independently H, an alkyl group containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group), or R1 and R2 together may form a ring, X1 and X2 may be the same or different and are each —CR3R4—, —SiR3R4— or oxygen, and R3 and R4 may be the same or different and are each an alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for synthesising functionalised chain transfer polymers of Formula (1) or Formula (2) using thiocarbonyl thio compounds as chain transfer agents. Why R1 is a moiety comprising a functional group; Q is obtained from an olefinically unsaturated monomer; R? is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, an aromatic saturated or unsaturated carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, optionally substituted with one or more substituents, amino alkyl, cyanoalkyl, hydroxylalkyl, saturated and unsaturated amido; an organometallic species, a polymer chain and any of the foregoing substituted with one or more CN or OH groups; q=an integer of at least 2; p=an integer of at least 1. Chain transfer agents and polymers produced by the method are also provided.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for decreasing the viability of cells, particularly aberrant non-healthy cells, and most particularly cancer cells, are disclosed. The primary agent that causes cell death is a toxic metal atom or ion. Embodiments of the invention provide compositions and methods to ensure that the toxic metal is directed to the desired cell or tissue. In one embodiment, the metal is bound to a sulfur-rich peptide or protein carrier containing a targeting moiety. Such metal-protein complex is targeted to the selected cells or tissues to enrich the cell or tissue site with the metal-containing peptide or protein molecules followed by administering a dithiocarbonyl which carries the metal from the protein inside the cells to induce cell death.

Abstract: 4-(3-Alkylsulfinylbenzoyl)pyrazoles of the formula (I) are described as herbicides. In this formula (I), R1 to R4, X and Y are radicals such as hydrogen, organic radicals such as alkyl, and other radicals such as halogen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to thioester compounds and the incorporation and use of the new chemical entities as flavor and fragrance chemicals.

Abstract: The invention provides para substituted dialkylphenol derivatives of propofol. The invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising such analogs, methods for preparing such analogs, and methods of using such analogs to induce general anesthesia, sedation, and/or hypnotic or sleep effects in a patient.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of Compound (I) comprising reacting Compound (II) with a base in an aprotic solvent, which is represented by the following scheme: wherein R1 and R2 are each independently lower alkyl.

Abstract: A novel method of reducing a functional group in an oxidised form. The invention relates more particularly to the reduction of aldehyde, ketone, ester, lactone, nitrile or phosphine oxide groups. The reduction method according to the invention is characterised in that it comprises exposing the substrate including the functional group to be reduced to the presence of a siloxane-type compound of the following formula (I), combined with a Lewis acid-type catalyst. In said formula (I):—R1 and R2, which are the same or different, are an alkyl, cycloalkyle or aryl group, —X is a digit from 0 to 50.

Abstract: The present invention is directed C2-disubstituted indan-1-ones of the Formula I, physiologically acceptable salts, and physiologically functional derivatives thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, salts and derivatives, which are useful for reducing weight, for the prophylaxis or treatment of obesity, and for the prophylaxis or treatment of type II diabetes in mammals. The invention is directed also to methods for reducing weight and such treatments and prophylaxis. The invention is directed also to processes for the preparation of such compounds.

Abstract: A composition containing 3,3?-thiobis(propane-1,2-dithiol) and one or more enic compounds which composition is photocurable and can give a cured product having a high refractive index and adequate hardness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of ?-chloroketones from readily available alkyl esters by the reaction of a sulfoxonium ylide on said alkyl esters to generate a keto sulfoxonium ylide that is in turn treated with anhydrous HCl.

Abstract: In a process to make dithiodiglycol by oxidation of ?-mercaptoethanol with sulfur, an improved product is recovered when a 1-10 mol % excess of ?-mercaptoethanol is used and hydrogen sulfide is removed by vacuum or nitrogen sparge. A typical product contains 88.1 mol % (92.0 wt %) dithiodiglycol, 2.3 mol % (2.9 wt %) trithiodiglycol and 9.6 mol % (5.1 wt %) unreacted ?-mercaptoethanol. Reaction of this product with 35 to 50 wt % solution hydrogen peroxide reduces residual ?-mercaptoethanol to less than 0.02 wt % mercaptan. Residual water of about 3.6 wt % after hydrogen peroxide treatment is reduced to less than 1 wt % by vacuum stripping and/or nitrogen sparge or with a wiped film evaporator.

Abstract: Compounds, compositions, and methods for controlling an arthropod pest population that employ an eremophilane sesquiterpene parent structure are presented. The compounds have minimal adverse or toxic effects on humans, non-human animals, and the natural environment. The compounds may be isolated from natural sources, semi-synthesized from naturally occurring compounds, or completely synthesized. The compounds may be applied directly to a pest, or the locus of a pest, and function as topical or ingestible toxins. Eremophilane sesquiterpenes 13-hydroxy-valencene, valencene-11,12-epoxide, valencene-13-aldehyde, and nootkatone-1,10-11,12-diepoxide are exemplary compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved covalent coupling of two or more entities such as biomolecules, polymer compositions, organic/inorganic molecules/materials, and the like, including their combinations, through one or more novel reactive groups attached to linker groups of 2-1000 atoms length. The present invention also contemplates the use of bifunctional bridge molecules to link two or more entities, wherein the functional groups of the bridge molecules are the novel reactive groups of the present invention.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds represented by the following general formula (I) wherein X represents chlorine atom, bromine atom, or iodine atom, and R includes alkoxy group and amino group which comprises the step of allowing a compound represented by the formula: CH2═CXF react with a compound represented by the formula: N2CHCOR in the presence of a catalyst containing a metal atom such as a transition metal of group 8 together with chiral carboxylic-type or amide-type ligands to preferentially obtain a stereoisomer of the compound of the general formula (I) wherein the stereochemical configuration at the 1-position is S-configuration

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds represented by the following general formula (I) wherein X represents chlorine atom or other and R represents alkoxy group, amino group or other, which comprises the step of allowing a compound represented by the formula: CH2═CXF react with a compound represented by the formula: N2CHCOR in the presence of a catalyst containing a metal atom such as a transition metal of group 8 together with chiral carboxylic-type or amide-type ligands to preferentially obtain a stereoisomer of the compound of the general formula (I) wherein the stereochemical configuration at the 1-position is S-configuration 1

Abstract: 15-HETE derivatives with enhanced metabolic stability and methods of their use for treating dry eye are disclosed.

Abstract: A tetrahydrofluorene, which is represented by the following formula (I) 1

Abstract: Provided is a novel mercaptomethylphenyl group-containing diorganopolysiloxane compound represented by the following Formula (1): wherein R1 represents methyl or phenyl; R2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or A; l represents an integer of 0 to 500; m represents an integer of 0 to 1,000; n represents an integer of 0 to 500; p represents an integer of 0 to 2; and A is a group represented by Formula (2): wherein X represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms; at least one of R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 represents mercaptomethyl, and the remaining groups each represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel alkoxyacrylic thiol esters, to a plurality of processes for their preparation and to their use as fungicides, and to novel intermediates and to a plurality of processes for their preparation.

Abstract: The instant invention provides intermediates and processes for the preparation of compounds of formula IV ##STR1## wherein: n is 0, 1, or 2;R is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;X.sup.1 is hydrogen, cyano, 4-hydroxybenzoyl, 4-halobenzoyl, or 4-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy)benzoyl;Y is NR.sup.4 R.sup.5, 4-hydroxyphenyl, or 4-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy)phenyl;and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl.

Abstract: Lipid prodrugs of phosphonoacids and their analogs that have increased antiviral activity over the parent drugs in inhibiting cytomegalovirus and other susceptible viruses.

Abstract: This invention provides an aggregate of a compound capable of forming helical structures such that the aggregate is capable of achieving a specific rotation of at least 100,000.degree. for plane polarized light having a wavelength of 589 nm.

Abstract: A photoactivatable reagent useful as a chain transfer reagent for providing a semitelechelic polymer having one or more terminal photoactivatable groups. The reagent provides one or more photoactivatable groups and one or more sulfhydryl (or other chain transfer) groups, the photoactivatable and chain transfer groups optionally being joined together by a spacer group. The reagent can be used to prepare a polymer by serving to initiate the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The reagent itself becomes an integral part of the resultant polymer, thereby providing the polymer with a terminal photoactivatable nature. The method provides a number of benefits, including the ability to provide homogeneous photoactivatable polymer compositions, e.g., in terms of the uniform location of the photogroup(s) on the terminal portion of each polymer molecule and the ability to build a desired nonpolar quality, and in turn improved surfactancy, into otherwise polar polymers.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the pharmaceutical use of phenyl compounds, which are linked to an aryl moiety by various linkages, for inhibiting tumor necrosis factor. The invention is also directed to the compounds, their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds. Furthermore, this invention is directed to the pharmaceutical use of the compounds for inhibiting cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.

Abstract: A process comprising the reaction of an optionally substituted benzene with thiophosgene in the presence of a Friedel Crafts catalyst for the preparation of the equivalent optionally substituted benzophenthione. The benzophenthiones are converted into the equivalent benzophenone derivatives by hydrolysis.

Abstract: Fluorinated alkene compounds useful for and methods of controlling nematodes, insects, and acarids that prey on agricultural crops, these compounds having the structure: ##STR1## where Q is --(C.dbd.S)--R.sub.1 and R.sub.1 is --OR.sub.5, --SR.sub.5, halogen, --NHOH or --NR.sub.5 R.sub.6. Each of R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is independently hydrogen; an aliphatic or an aromatic group; a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 aliphatic amine group; a C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 aliphatic carboxylic acid group; or R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 when taken together with the N of R.sub.1 are a protein amino acid or a cyclic group. Polar compounds are particularly useful for systemic control of pests.

Abstract: Lipid prodrugs of phosphonoacids and their analogs that have increased antiviral activity over the parent drugs in inhibiting cytomegalovirus and other susceptible viruses.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the pharmaceutical use of phenyl compounds, which are linked to an aryl moiety by various linkages, for inhibiting tumor necrosis factor. The invention is also directed to the compounds, their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds. Furthermore, this invention is directed to the pharmaceutical use of the compounds for inhibiting cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.

Abstract: A compound for the treatment of water polluted by metal ions is obtained by the reaction of potassium or sodium hydroxide in aqueous solution with thiocarbamide and potassium or sodium hyposulfate. After a period of settling, a precipitate forms and is removed; the clear liquid above the precipitate is decanted and used for treating water polluted with metal ions.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is --CH.sub.3 or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 unsubstituted or substituted by 1 to 3 fluorines;X is O or S(O).sub.s where s=0 to 2;R.sub.2 is C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 cyclic alkyl, optionally substituted by one to three methyl groups or one ethyl group; --CH.sub.2 -cyclopentyl, --CH.sub.2 -cyclopropyl, 3-tetrahydrofuranyl, C.sub.1-7 alkyl, CH.sub.3 or CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 substituted by one to three fluorines;--(CH.sub.2).sub.n COO(CH.sub.2).sub.g CH.sub.3, or (CH.sub.2).sub.n O(CH.sub.2).sub.g CH.sub.3, wherein n is 2 to 4 and g is 0 to 2;R.sub.3 represents a moiety of formula (a); ##STR2## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 each represent hydrogen or R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 together represent a bond;B represents >C.dbd.O, >C.dbd.S or >CH--R.sub.6 wherein R.sub.6 represents H, OH, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy or C.sub.

Abstract: This invention provides 1) novel reactive fluorinated compounds derived from a specified class of telomers or cotelomers of fluoroolefins; and 2) stable products and stable polymers thereof obtained by reaction or polycondensation of the novel reactive fluorinated compounds with specified classes of hydrogenated aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic reactive compounds, telechelic oligomers and block polymers wherein said stable products and polymers contain hetero atoms such as oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen and are characterized by high thermal and chemical resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to benzocyclobutene capped benzotrifluoride based fluoroaryl ether compounds which are useful in preparing semi-permeable membranes, and films and coatings useful in electronic applications.

Abstract: Certain aryl substituted naphthalene, benzoxepine, benzazepine and henzocycloheptene derivatives are disclosed. The compounds are useful in treating hyperproliferative skin disease, allergic reactions and inflammation.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the antimicrobial utility of certain iodonium ylide compounds. The particular iodonium ylide compounds are phenyl iodonium ylides having an ortho substituent that stabilizes the positive charge on the polyvalent iodine by a nonbonded electrostatic interaction. The polyvalent iodine is further stabilized by a cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl anion.

Abstract: Process for preparing one or more hetero-atoms containing hydrocarbons by contacting one or more hydrocarbons with a plasma-generated system derived from a source containing hydrogen atoms(s) and at least one hetero-atom in which process the plasma-generated system in contacted with the hydrocarbon(s) in liquid for and/or in gaseous form under conditions which allow absorption of heat released during the process of preparing said hetero-atom(s) containing hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A chloroprene polymer having dithiocarbamate groups at both terminals, represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein M.sub.1 is a chloroprene monomer residue; X is a group represented by the following formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl group, R.sub.2 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl group or a hydrogen atom, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be the same or different, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together form a C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 methylene group so that they form a cyclic group together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, or a group represented by the following formula (III): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl group, and R.sub.2 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl group or a hydrogen atom; and n is a natural number of from 10 to 5,000 when X is the group of the formula (II) or a natural number of form 5 to 100 when X is the group of the formula (III).

Abstract: A method for sensitizing hypoxic tumor cells to radiation using derivatives of benzamide are disclosed. Some of the compounds useful in the method of the invention are novel.

Abstract: The chiral smetic liquid-crystalline compounds of the general formula (I)M.sub.1.sup.* --B--M.sub.2.sup.* (I)solidify on cooling from the liquid-crystalline phase in glassy form, as a result of which they are suitable for materials for displaying and storing information. Such materials may be used in electro-optic data stores or display components which are based on the ferroelectric or electroclinic switching effect in a chiral or chirally doped, smetic liquid-crystalline phase.In the general formula, M.sub.1.sup.*, M.sub.2.sup.* stand for chiral smetogenic groups and --B-- is, as bridging link, a typical bivalent group.

Abstract: Ammonium hydroxide is used in the recovery of a thiono compound prepared by reacting an organic carbonyl compound with phosphorus pentasulfide to improve the product yield.

Abstract: An amide is thiated to the corresponding thioamide by reacting it with phosphorus pentasulfide in the presence of a Group IIA metal fluoride as an adjuvant.