Abstract: Selective inhibitors of the cPLA2 enzymes are provided which are of use in controlling a wide variety of inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds having the formula wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are independently hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, iodine, substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched C1-C3 alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched C1-C3 thioalkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched C1-C8, alkyl, hydroxyl, thiol, —CN, —CF3, —OCF3, —NO2, acetyl, or —NR6R7; R6 and R7 are independently hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl; and X is iodine or bromine. Another embodiment of the invention includes specific ethynyl benzene sulfone derivatives. The alkynyl aryl sulfones of the present invention are useful as biocides, including, but not limited to, bactericides, fungicides, and preservatives. Also, a method of preparing the halogenated alkynyl aryl sulfones of formula I is provided.

Abstract: There are disclosed sulfone aldehyde derivatives of the Formula (1): wherein Ar is an optionally substituted aryl group, a process for producing retinal by using the same, and an intermediate for producing the sulfone aldehyde derivative.

Abstract: The invention encompasses a process for making compounds of Formula I useful in the treatment of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to the compounds of formula I: wherein one of X1 and X2 is MeSO2 and the other one is hydrogen or halogen and X3 is hydrogen or halogen. These compounds have been found to be useful in the prevention and the treatment of respiratory diseases, especially asthma, ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome), COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases), allergic rhinitis and related inflammatory conditions. More specifically, the invention relates to the use of said compound in the prevention and the treatment of asthma in steroid-resistant patients. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical formulations used in the treatment of said diseases.

Abstract: A process for producing a low sulfate organic sulfonate/sulfate aqueous solution from a soluble sulfate containing organic sulfonate/sulfate which comprises forming an aqueous solution of organic sulfonate/sulfate; and passing the aqueous solution of the organic sulfonate/sulfate containing the soluble sulfate over a nanofiltration zone at an elevated pressure to form a retentate with a reduced sulfate content and a permeate containing the soluble sulfate and organic material.

Abstract: There is provided a ketosulfone derivative represented by the formula (I): wherein Ar represents an aryl group which may be substituted, and R1′ and R2′ represent a hydrogen atom or a protective group of a hydroxyl group and processes for producing the same.

Abstract: The invention encompasses a process for making compounds of Formula I useful in the treatment of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel cyclohexane-1-3-dione derivatives of formula (1) useful as herbicides and plant-growth regulants, ##STR1## wherein X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl, nitro, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylsulfinyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylsulfonyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 sulfamoyl, and N, N-di(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl)sulfamoyl group; (X)n represents the number of X substituents which may be substituted on benzene ring, wherein n is 1, 2 or 3. Also, cyclohexyl moiety, one of the substituents on benzofuran ring, is substituted at C-4, C-5, C-6 or C-7 position on benzene ring; R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group; R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenyl and C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkynyl group; R.sup.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: This invention provides compounds of Formula I having the structure ##STR1## wherein Y is ##STR2## R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each, independently, hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, halogen, perfluoroalkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 3-8 carbon atoms, thienyl, furyl, phenyl or phenyl mono-, di- or tri-substituted with trifluoromethyl, chloro, methoxy, or trifluoromethoxy;R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each, independently, hydrogen, carboxyl, hydroxyl, hydoxyalkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkanoyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, aryloxycarbonyl of 7-13 carbon atoms, alkoxycarbonyl of 2-7 carbon atoms, perfluoroalkoxycarbonyl of 2-7 carbon atoms, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, perfluoroalkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, aminoalkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, alkylamino of 1-6 carbon atoms, dialkylamino of 1-6 carbon atoms per alkyl group, tetrazolyl, mercapto, alkylsulfanyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, nitrile, nitro, amino, --NHSO.sub.2 CF.sub.

Abstract: Arthropodicidal oxazoline derivatives and processes and intermediates for the preparation thereof are disclosed. The intermediates are racemic or enantiomerically enriched compounds having formula (I), wherein R and n are disclosed in the specification.

Abstract: Disclosed is method of sulfodechlorinating an aromatic compound. A composition is prepared of (1) an aromatic compound having the general formula ##STR1## Where R is CHO or COOH and n is 1 to 3, (2) an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal sulfite or bisulfite in an amount stoichiometric to about 20 mole % in excess of stoichiometric, (3) water in an amount sufficient to form a solution of the sulfite or bisulfite, and (4) sufficient base to raise the pH of the composition to about 10 to about 14. The composition is heated at about 150 to about 200.degree. C. No catalyst is present in the composition.

Abstract: 2- Aroylcyclohexanediones I ##STR1## where X, Y=O or S;Ar=phenyl or heteroaryl in each case having 1-4 substituents: halogen, cyano, nitro, --N.dbd.N--Ph, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl, --N(R.sup.9)--COR.sup.10, --N(R.sup.9)--SO.sub.2 --R.sup.11, --SO.sub.2 --N(R.sup.9)R.sup.10, --S(O).sub.m --R.sup.8 or opt. subst. C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy;two adjacent C atoms of the phenyl or heteroaryl ring can also be bridged by means of a chain --C(R.sup.12).dbd.C(R.sup.13)--C(R.sup.14).dbd.C(R.sup.15)--, --Z.sup.1 --C(R.sup.12).dbd.N--, --Z.sup.1 --N.dbd.C(R.sup.12)--, --Z.sub.1 --C(R.sup.12).dbd.C(R.sup.13)--, --Z.sup.1 --C(R.sup.12).dbd.C(R.sup.13)--C(R.sup.14,R.sup.15)--, --Z.sup.1 --C (R.sup.12,R.sup.13)--C(R.sup.14,R.sup.15)--, --Z.sup.1 --C(R.sup.12,R.sup.13)--C(R.sup.14 R.sup.15)--Z.sup.2 --, --C(R.sup.12,R.sup.13)--Z.sup.1 --C(R.sup.14,R.sup.15)--C(R.sup.16,R.sup.17)--, --Z.sup.1 --N(R.sup.20)--Z.sup.2 --, --Z.sup.1 --Z.sup.

Abstract: The instant invention provides dihydronaphthalene and naphthalene compounds, intermediates, formulations, and methods for use in the treatment of bone loss or bone resorption.

Abstract: This invention is directed to proteinase (protease) inhibitors, and more particularly to thiol sulfone inhibitors for matrix metalloproteinase 13(MMP-13), compositions of proteinase inhibitors, intermediates for the syntheses of proteinase inhibitors, processes for the preparation of proteinase inhibitors and processes for treating pathological conditions associated with pathological matrix metalloproteinase activity related to MMP-13.

Abstract: Method of producing a bromine compound having an aliphatic unsaturated bond which includes reacting a compound having an aliphatic unsaturated bond represented by the following general formula (1) with bromine:R.sup.1 --O--Ar.sup.1 --Y--Ar.sup.2 --O--R.sup.2 (1)to produce a bromine compound represented by the following formula (2):R.sup.3 --O--Ar.sup.1 --Y--Ar.sup.2 --O--R.sup.4 (2)wherein Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2 and Y are the same as defined in the above general formula (1) , and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are groups obtained by saturating the unsaturated groups of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 in the above general formula (1) with bromine, respectively.The reaction is carried out in the presence of a solvent which is inactive in the reaction, and a substantial amount of the heat of reaction is removed from a reaction system by the vaporization of the solvent or bromine. A high-purity bromine compound in high yield which is useful as flame retardant, can be obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds which are used as linkers to bind peptides to solid support. The novel compounds can be used for the purification of synthesized peptides and are represented by the following structural formula:X--NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --SO.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--CO--Y;n is an integer from 1-4; X is a thiol functionalized with a protecting group that is cleavable under acidic conditions; and Y is a leaving group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the derivatives of formula: ##STR1## and to their use in therapeutics, especially as drugs with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a class of compounds represented by the Formula I ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of the Formula I, and methods of selectively inhibiting or antagonizing the .alpha..sub.v .beta..sub.3 integrin.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for preparing .alpha.-halo(methylthio)acetophenone and .alpha.-halo (methylsulfonyl)acetophenone in an industrially simple and economically advantageous manner. In the invention, methylthioacetophenone is halogenated with a halogenating agent in the presence of an alcohol, giving .alpha.-halo(methylthio) acetophenone. Then the compound is oxidized with an oxidizing agent, giving .alpha.-halo(methylsulfonyl)acetophenone.

Abstract: The invention encompasses the novel compound of Formula I useful in the treatment of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated diseases. ##STR1## The invention also encompasses certain pharmaceutical compositions for treatment of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated diseases comprising compounds of Formula I.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## where the symbols have the meaning described in the application, have retinoid-like or retinoid antagonist-like biological activity.

Abstract: Substituted aryl or heteroaryl in particular benzoyl bicycloalkanediones and related compounds, intermediates therefor, synthesis thereof, and the use of said diones for the control of weeds.

Abstract: There are described a method for enriching the anabolic p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenases from plant tissues and a method by means of which the enzymatic activity of the enzyme can be measured in a simple manner without complete purification of the enzyme being necessary.The invention furthermore describes an assay system for identifying inhibitors of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase from plants, in which an enriched HPPD from plants is incubated with a test substrate to be examined and the enzymatic activity of the enzyme is determined in comparison with the activity of the uninhibited enzyme.The invention furthermore describes the novel herbicidal active substances of the formula (I) ##STR1## which were found using the assay method according to the invention.

Abstract: Diphenylheteroalkyl derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where A and R.sup.1 -R.sup.6 have the meanings specified in the description, and the preparation thereof are described.The substances are suitable for controlling diseases and as cosmetic agents.

Abstract: Novel pharmaceutically/cosmetically-active polyaromatic propynyl compounds have the structural formula (1): ##STR1## in which X is one of the radicals: ##STR2## and are useful for the treatment of a wide variety of disease states, whether human or veterinary, for example dermatological, rheumatic, respiratory, cardiovascular and ophthalmological disorders, as well as for the treatment of mammalian skin and hair conditions/disorders.

Abstract: Process for preparing benzoquinones by oxidation of phenols in the presence of a diluent and of an oxygen-transferring catalyst which contains a heavy metal ion bound in a complex, wherein oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, a compound which liberates hydrogen peroxide, an organic hydroperoxide, a percarboxylic acid or peroxomonosulfuric acid or salts thereof are used as oxidizing agent, and wherein the oxygen-transferring catalyst is from the class of iron, manganese or chromium tetraaza?14!annulenes.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to compounds having the structure: ##STR1## wherein (a) x is from 1 to 5;(b) y is from 1 to 2; and(c) z is from 0 to 5.The subject invention also relates to the pharmaceutical compositions comprising the above compounds, and methods of treating inflammation using the compounds.

Abstract: Abstract of the Disclosure: Diphenylheteroalkyl derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## where A and R.sup.1 -R.sup.6 have the meanings specified in the description, and the preparation thereof are described.The substances are suitable for controlling diseases and as cosmetic agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pyrrole compounds, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in therapy, in particular as anti-psychotic agents.

Abstract: Biphenyl derivatives and processes for the preparation of biphenyl derivatives are described. A compound of formula (I) is disclosed ##STR1## in which the substituent X is --CHO or --CH(OR.sup.1)OR.sup.2, where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkyl or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are an alkylene group (--CH.sub.2).sub.n --, where n is 2, 3 4 or 5 and R is --F, --Cl, --NO.sub.2, --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --COOR.sup.3, --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --CONHR.sup.3, --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --CN, --SO.sub.2 NH--COOR.sup.3, --SO.sub.2 NH--CO--NHR.sup.3, --SO.sub.2 NH--SO.sub.2 --R.sup.3, --NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.3, ##STR2## --PO.sub.3 R.sup.3, --NH--SO.sub.2 --CF.sub.3, --SO.sub.2 NR.sup.4 where R.sup.3 is hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkyl, (C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)cycloalkyl, or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkyl-(C.sub.3 -C.sub.6)cycloalkyl and R.sup.4 is a group .dbd.C--N(CH.sub.3).sub.2, and m is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

Abstract: The present invention provides a salicylate analogue having the structure ##STR1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl; pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, phenyl, naphthyl and cyclohexyl; wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a C1-C12 alkyl group, F, Cl, Br, I, CO.sub.2 H, CONHR, CONR.sub.2, CO.sub.2 R, C.tbd.N, CHO, COR, SO.sub.3, SO.sub.2 NHR, SO.sub.2 NR.sub.2, OH, OR, OCOR, SH, SR, OCONHR, OCONR.sub.2, SCOR, SCONHR, SCONR.sub.2 and NH2, NHR, NHCOR and NR2; and wherein R1 is in the 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-position, or a combination thereof. Also provided are various pharmaceutical compositions of the novel compounds of the present invention.

Abstract: A process for preparing polar disulfone-functionalized molecules, which process comprises performing one or more of the following reactions:(i) reacting a vinyl ether disulfone molecule with an activated aromatic molecule, an activated heterocyclic molecule, a dye base, or a dye olefin;(ii) reacting an enamine disulfone molecule with a dye base or a dye olefin; and(iii) reacting an alkenyl disulfone molecule having a vinylogous methyl or methylene group conjugatively located relative to the disulfone group with an aldehyde or an acetal derived from an aldehyde.

Abstract: 2-Aroylcyclohexanediones I ##STR1## (A is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkylene; R.sup.1 is substituted phenyl or hetaryl which may furthermore carry a fused ring; R.sup.2 -R.sup.5 are each hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl; R.sup.6 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl and R.sup.7 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,with the proviso that R.sup.1 is not mono- or dihalophenyl)and the agriculturally useful salts thereof and the esters of I with C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -carboxylic acids or inorganic acids.The 2-aroylcyclohexanediones I are suitable as herbicides and plant growth regulators.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel thioether derivatives of substituted benzoyl bicycloalkane diones, their use as herbicides and agricultural compositions comprising the same.

Abstract: Compounds represented by general formula (I), herbicides or selective herbicides for paddy field containing said compounds as active ingredients, method of controlling growth of undesirable plants by applying the herbicides on places where control is desired. ##STR1## wherein A represents a --S(O)nR.sup.1 in which n is 0 or 2 and R.sup.1 represents a (substituted) lower alkyl; a cycloalkyl; a (substituted) benzyl; a (substituted) phenyl; or a --OR.sup.2 in which R.sup.2 represents a (substituted) phenyl;B represents a halogen, a nitro, a lower alkyl, or a lower alkylsulfonyl;D represents a hydrogen, a lower alkyl, a lower alkoxy, a lower alkoxymethyl, or a lower alkoxycarbonyl;E represents a halogen, a (substituted) lower alkoxy, a lower alkylthio, a (substituted) lower alkylsulfonyl, or a lower alkylsulfonyloxy.The herbicides of the present invention can prevent a wide variety of noxious weeds and further selectively prevent weeds on paddy field with considerably reduced phytotoxicities on rice plant.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compounds containing basic and acidic termini, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, processes for preparing such compounds, and to methods of using these compounds, alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, for the inhibition of platelet aggregation, as thrombolytics, and/or for the treatment of thromboembolic disorders.

Abstract: Low molecular weight cyclic oligomers of formula (I) ##STR1## in which n is an integer of 2 to 20, and each C in the oligomer is a radical of formula (II): ##STR2## and each X in the oligomer is --O--R--O-- or --S--R--S--, B and D are both carbonyl groups CO, or together represent a divalent radical of formula ##STR3## in which A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3 A.sub.4, Ar.sub.1, Ar.sub.2 and Ar.sub.3 are selected from a variety of aromatic radicals, A.sub.1, A.sub.2, Ar.sub.3 and Ar.sub.4 also possibly being hydrogen, are useful in the production of high molecular weight, linear, polyketones, polyphthalazines and polyisoquinolines; the cyclic oligomers have low melt viscosities when heated above their softening temperatures and can be readily molded, whereafter they can be ring-open polymerized to form molded high molecular weight polymer products with excellent properties.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of olefins by using a palladium catalyst at a temperature above the ceiling temperature of the SO.sub.2 /olefin copolymer system, for the synthesis of sulfinic and sulfonic acid derivatives.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the general structural formula I: ##STR1## have endothelin antagonist activity and are therefore useful in treating cardiovascular disorders, such as hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, postischemic renal failure, vasospasm, cerebral and cardiac ischemia, myocardial infarction, endotoxic shock, inflammatory diseases including Raynaud's disease and asthma.

Abstract: Chloroethylsulfonylbenzaldehydes of the formula ##STR1## where n is 1 or 2 and the ring A may be substituted with halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkysulfonyl, nitro or hydroxysulfonyl, are prepared.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprises a nonmagnetic substrate and at least one ferromagnetic metal layer applied thereon and a protective layer formed on this metal layer and consisting of a compound which consists of an unfluorinated or partially fluorinated alkyl radical and a disulfide, hydroxyl or keto group.

Abstract: Bis(perfluorosulphonyl)methanes, process for preparing same and uses thereof. The compounds of the invention are based on the formula (1/nM)+[(R.sub.F SO.sub.2).sub.2 CY].sup.- in which Y denotes an electron-attracting group chosen from --C.dbd.N and RZ groupings in which Z denotes a carbonyl grouping, sulphonyl grouping or a phosphonyl grouping and R denotes an organic monovalent grouping, M denotes a metal having valency n or an organic group capable of existing in the cationic form, R.sub.F denotes a perfluoroalkyl or perfluoroaryl grouping. Said compounds are especially useful in the production of electrochemical devices.

Abstract: A new class of polyalkylene oxide vinyl sulfone reagents is described. Also described are a method by which these reagents can be prepared as well as a method for using them in hydrated media for the modification of proteins. The novel polymer-to-protein conjugates made by reacting these reagents with proteins have advantages over similar conjugates prepared with prior art reagents in that they are more stable against hydrolysis and retain the positive charge carrying capacity at amine sites at which the modifying reagents are attached.

Abstract: Low molecular weight cyclic oligomers of formula (I) ##STR1## in which n is an integer of 2 to 20, and each C in the oligomer is a radical of formula (II): ##STR2## and each X in the oligomer is --O--R--O-- or --S--R--S--, B and D are both carbonyl groups CO, or together represent a divalent radical of formula ##STR3## in which A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3 A.sub.4, Ar.sub.1, Ar.sub.2 and Ar.sub.3 are selected from a variety of aromatic radicals, A.sub.1, A.sub.2, Ar.sub.3 and Ar.sub.4 also possibly being hydrogen, are useful in the production of high molecular weight, linear, polyketones, polyphthalazines and polyisoquinolines; the cyclic oligomers have low melt viscosities when heated above their softening temperatures and can be readily molded, whereafter they can be rings-open polymerized to form molded high molecular weight polymer products with excellent properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to structurally novel acyclic tocotrienol analogs, which are useful for cholesterol/lipid lowering in cases of hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia, and for atherosclerosis. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions and a method of use employing those compositions.

Abstract: Compounds having non-linear optical activity of the general formula ##STR1## wherein D and A are electron donor and acceptor groups, respectively, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are aromatic bridging groups, X and Y are preferably groups capable of partaking in polymerization reactions are suitable for use in polymer-based light modulator devices.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 0-6, R.sup.1 is alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, phenyl or halogenated phenyl,R.sup.2 is Hal, CN, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, thioalkyl, R.sup.a SO.sub.2 --, R.sup.a SO.sub.2 O--, R.sup.a SO.sub.2 NR.sup.6, R.sup.a and R.sup.b being alkyl or haloalkyl, and R.sup.3 is H, Hal, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy or alkylthio, and R.sup.4 is haloalkyl, are suitable as selective herbicides and as growth regulators. To prepare them, a cyclohexanedione can be reacted a) with a 4-oxy-substituted benzoyl chloride and the resulting enol ether can be rearranged, or b) with a benzoyl cyanide. The benzoyl chloride or benzoyl cyanide required can be obtained from correspondingly substituted toluenes via the carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Fatty acid esters of hydroxyalkylsulfonates and fatty acid amides of aminoalkylsulfonates are prepared by heating an excess of the fatty acids with the sulfonate until the water of condensation is removed. The excess fatty acid is removed by distillation and the isolated fatty acid ester or amide product is directly and rapidly cooled to minimize decomposition and color degradation.

Abstract: This invention relates to 3-substitutedbenzoyl-bicyclo[4,4,0]heptane-2,4-dione with high herbicidal activity represented by formula I ##STR1## wherein one of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 represents methyl and the other represents hydrogen or lower alkyl or alkoxycarbonyl or its salt.