Abstract: A bridged alkaline earth metal alkylphenate having reduced monomeric alkylphenol is prepared by reacting (a) a 4-alkylphenol, unsubstituted at the ortho positions, (b) an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, (c) a bridging agent comprising sulfur or a carbonyl compound of 1 to about 6, or to 4 or to 2, carbon atoms, and (d) a 2,6-dialkylphenol. The amount of the 2,6-dialkylphenol is 0.05 to 3 moles per 1 mole of the 4-alkylphenol; if there is a molar excess of the 2,6-dialkylphenol, then the excess is added after initial reaction.

Abstract: Protective groups which may be cleaved with an activatable deprotecting reagents are employed to achieve a highly sensitive, high resolution, combinatorial synthesis of pattern arrays of diverse polymers. In preferred embodiments of the instant invention, the activatable deprotecting reagent is a photoacid generator and the protective groups are DMT for nucleic acids and tBOC for amino acids. This invention has a wide variety of applications and is particularly useful for the solid phase combinatorial synthesis of polymers.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of hydroxythiol compounds by reacting a hydroxyl-protected halide compound having the structure: X—R—OPg with magnesium in a Grignard-suitable solvent to form a hydroxyl-protected magnesium halide compound, wherein R is selected from substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic radicals, substituted or unsubstituted cyclic aliphatic radicals, substituted or unsubstituted aromatic radicals, substituted or unsubstituted araliphatic radicals and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic radicals; Pg is a protecting group; and X is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I; then reacting said hydroxyl-protected magnesium halide compound with sulfur in the Grignard-suitable solvent to form a hydroxyl-protected thiomagnesium halide compound; and hydrolyzing the protected hydroxyl group to form a hydroxythiomagnesium halide compound and converting the thiomagnesium halide to a thiol; wherein the protecting group is selected so that species formed by the de-protection

Abstract: Novel polymer stabilizers are disclosed. The novel stabilizers have the general formula (R)qSn-(MR″-OCH2-R′CH]m-OT)4-q, P-[(OCH2-R′CH)mOT]3′ wherein M is O or S and R″is (CH2)pCO-, CO-(CH3)p, or CO(CH2)p-. About 0.005 to about 65 phr of the stabilizer can be used in a polymer having a halogen-containing repeating unit, such as poly(vinyl chloride), to reduce yellowing of an article made from the polymer after the article has been exposed to gamma radiation.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of hydrocarbon solutions of monofunctional ether initiators of the following general structure:M--Z--O--C(R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3)wherein M is an alkali metal; Z is a branched or straight chain hydrocarbon group which contains 3-25 carbon atoms, optionally containing aryl or substituted aryl groups; and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl groups containing lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, and lower dialkylamino groups, aryl or substituted aryl groups containing lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, and lower dialkylamino groups, and their employment as initiators in the anionic polymerization of olefin containing monomers in an inert, hydrocarbon solvent comprising reacting an omega-protected-1-haloalkyl with lithium metal dispersion having a particle size between 10 and 300 millimicrons in size, at a temperature between 35.degree. and 130.degree. C. in an alkane solvent containing 5 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Nitrodiphenyl(thio) ethers in which the nitro group is in the ortho- or para-position with respect to the ether oxygen or ether sulphur can be prepared from halonitrobenzones in which the nitro group is in the ortho- or para-position with respect to the halogen and, alkali metal (thio)phenolates in liquid ammonia, the reaction being carried out under pressure and at a temperature from -30.degree. C. to +140.degree. C. and the ammonia being separated off after the reaction is completed.

Abstract: A process for preparing sulfurized alkyl-substituted phenol which comprises: (1) charging to a reaction system having a reaction vessel equipped with a reflux condenser, (a) alkyl-substituted phenol wherein the alkyl substituent comprises about 8 to about 50 carbons, (b) sulfur, (c) dihydric alcohol, (d) alkaline earth metal base, and (e) water in an amount of from about 0.02 to about 0.4 moles water per mole of alkyl-substituted phenol; (2) reacting (a)-(e) at a temperature of about 270 to about 450.degree. F. at atmospheric pressure for about 1 to 5 hours, said reaction being conducted such that the water charged to the reaction vessel is retained therein by the reflux condenser.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is oxy, thio, sulfinyl or sulfonyl;R is halogen; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkoxy; trifluoromethoxy; difluoromethoxy; nitro; cyano; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 haloalkyl; R.sup.a SO.sub.n -- wherein n is 0 or 2 and R.sup.a is C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl, trifluoromethyl or difluoromethyl;R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkylene;R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl with the proviso that R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are not both phenyl or substituted phenyl;R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sup.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sup.6 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl, or phenyl;R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 independently are (1) hydrogen; (2) halogen; (3) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (4) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; (5) trifluoromethoxy; (6) cyano; (7) nitro; (8) C.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is halogen; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkoxy; trifluoromethoxy; difluoromethoxy; nitro; cyano; C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 haloalkyl; R.sup.a SO.sub.n -- wherein n is 0 or 2 and R.sup.a is C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl; trifluoromethyl or difluoromethyl;R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, halogen, phenyl or substituted phenyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; orR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkylene;R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl, with the proviso that R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are not both phenyl or substituted phenyl;R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sup.5 is hydrogen, halogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sup.6 is halogen, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, --C(O)--OR.sup.f wherein R.sup.f is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, or --C(O)NR.sub.2.sup.b wherein R.sup.b is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl;R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 independently are (1) hydrogen; (2) halogen; (3) C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the preparation of an overbased sulfurized alkaline earth metal alkylphenate product which provides improved bright stock solubility and reduced foam stability, the overbased alkylphenate products produced thereby, and lubricating oil compositions containing such overbased alkylphenate products. According to the process, a mixture of an alkylphenol having an alkyl group containing from about 8 to about 40 carbon atoms, elemental sulfur, a dihydric alcohol containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkaline earth metal compound, a lubricating oil, and a high boiling point linear monohydric alcohol having from about 18 to about 60 carbon atoms is heated to a first temperature within the range of about 121.degree. C. (250.degree. F.) to about 204.degree. C. (400.degree. F.); the resulting intermediate product mixture is contacted with carbon dioxide at a second temperature below 193.degree. C. (380.degree. F.

Abstract: .beta.-Substituted polyfluoroethyl compounds, process for the preparation thereof, copolymers thereof, compound intermediates, and process therefor. The copolymers are useful as ion exchange resins or structural foams.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.f is independently straight or branched chain perfluoroalkyl of 2 to 18 carbon atoms or perfluoroalkoxy-perfluoroalkyl of 4 to 18 carbon atoms;each R.sub.1 is independently straight or branched chain alkylene of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkylenethioalkylene of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, alkyleneoxyalkylene of 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or alkyleneiminoalkylene of 2 to 12 carbon atoms where the imino nitrogen atom contains as a third substituent, hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms;R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently hydrogen, chloro, bromo, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 additionally may, together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, form a fused benzo ring;R.sub.

Abstract: Metal or metalloid salts, ansolvo-acids and proton-acids can be so complexed with 1,2,3-triols, glycerol ethers or glycerol thioethers containing at least 6 C atoms in the molecule that they are in the form of compositions which are soluble in organic solvents, especially non-polar, aprotic solvents, such as hydrocarbons. These stable compositions display an outstanding anti-static action and, because of their spectrum of properties, are especially suitable for imparting anti-static characteristics to polymers, lubricants, fuels and also solvents based on hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The sulfide polymers of polyoxyalkylenes having the formula: ##STR1## wherein M is alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, benzyl, phenyl, hydrogen or an alkali metal or ammonium ion; A, C and D represent lower alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; B is alkylene of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; y and z are each integers having a value of 0 to 50; x is an integer having a value of from 1 to 50; n is an integer having a value of 1 to 30; and m has a value of from 2 to 10; and intermixtures of said polyoxyalkylene sulfide polymers.The above polymers have excellent antioxidating properties and are useful as synthetic metal working lubricants, antistatic agents and antioxidants for various other types of applications. They can also be used as crosslinking agents to impart oxidation resistance and static elimination.

Abstract: Metal phenates especially overbased phenates are prepared by reacting a basic metallic compound with a mixture of an alkyl phenol and an alkyldihydroxybenzene. The products are useful as lubricant additives with improved antirust properties, and when overbased, with higher basicity and lower viscosity.

Abstract: Lubricating oil additives, including the calcium salts of sulfurized alkylphenols and dispersants consisting of the reaction products of halogenated polyalkylenes and heterocyclic amines, are substantially decolorized by treatment with small amounts of alkali metal hydrides in a polar solvent at 20.degree. to 120.degree. C. Color improvement is obtained at concentrations ranging from 1 to 75 parts of an alkali metal hydride per 1000 parts of additive.

Abstract: 2-Aryl-1,3-cyclohexanedione compounds and their alkali metal and ammonium salts exhibit outstanding herbicidal, miticidal and mite ovicidal activity.