Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method for producing specific ?, ?-unsaturated aldehydes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method for producing specific ?,?-unsaturated aldehydes.

Abstract: A process for making neo-enriched p-menthane intermediates is disclosed. Lewis acid-catalyzed rearrangement of an oxaspiro compound provides an aldehyde mixture comprising normal (II) and neo (III) p-menthane-3-aldehydes: with the neo aldehyde (III) as the major product. The aldehyde mixture is readily oxidized to provide the corresponding carboxylic acids, and the acids are easily converted to a host of neo-enriched p-menthane esters or amides. The esters and amides are valuable as physiological coolants.

Abstract: In the production of an alicyclic aldehyde, a starting aromatic aldehyde is converted into an aromatic acetal for protecting the formyl group. The aromatic ring of the aromatic acetal is then hydrogenated to convert the aromatic acetal into an alicyclic acetal, which is then hydrolyzed to cleave the acetal protecting group to obtain the aimed alicyclic aldehyde.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for cyclohexyl hydroperoxide (CHHP) decomposition using in aqueous alkaline solution in presence of cobalt catalyst.

Abstract: A process for obtaining alpha-campholenic aldehyde, which is useful as an aroma chemical and as a synthetic intermediate for other aroma chemicals, particularly those with a sandalwood odor, and also for some pharmaceuticals, is provided. In particular, the invention includes a continuous process for obtaining optically active or racemic &agr;-campholenic aldehyde by a catalytic rearrangement of optically active or racemic &agr;-pinene oxide that can be commercially practicable. In one embodiment, the method comprises continuously feeding &agr;-pinene oxide to a mixture including catalyst(s) and solvent(s), where the solvent(s) have a boiling point higher than the boiling point of &agr;-campholenic aldehyde, under conditions sufficient to provide for the complete, or at least partial, conversion of &agr;-pinene oxide into &agr;-campholenic aldehyde. The process further includes continuously removing &agr;-campholenic aldehyde from the reaction zone by suitable techniques such as distillation.

Abstract: A process for obtaining alpha-campholenic aldehyde, which is useful as an aroma chemical and as a synthetic intermediate for other aroma chemicals, particularly those with a sandalwood odor, and also for some pharmaceuticals, is provided. In particular, the invention includes a continuous process for obtaining optically active or racemic &agr;-campholenic aldehyde by a catalytic rearrangement of optically active or racemic &agr;-pinene oxide that can be commercially practicable.

Abstract: Acid catalyzed cyclization of Diels-Alder adducts of myrcene is performed in the presence of hydroxyl-containing compounds, giving the resulting mixtures of isomeric acyloctahydronaphthalenes enhanced quantities of isomers that are particularly useful in perfumery because of their woody-amber odors with enhanced amber note.

Abstract: Unsaturated aldehydes are prepared by mixing propargyl alcohol, a catalyst and a conjugated diolefin and heating the mixture for a time and at a temperature sufficient to form an unsaturated aldehyde. The diolefin may be 2-methylpentadiene, 2(5,5 dimethyl 5 hydroxy pentyl)1,3 butadiene or myrcene. The catalyst may be inorganic, organic, organometallic or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the catalyzed isomerization of a Z-isomer of a vitamin A compound or of a mixture of several of such isomers into a mixture of the corresponding all-E- and 13-Z-isomers of this vitamin A compound. The process utilizes nitrogen monoxide or a gas mixture containing nitrogen monoxide as the isomerization catalyst. Vitamin A acetate or vitamin A acid is preferably used as the vitamin A compound. The thus-produced all-E vitamin A and its alkanoyl esters have of all isomers by far the highest biological activity and are accordingly almost exclusively used in human and animal nutrition. The 13-Z-vitamin A compounds in turn play an important role as pharmaceutically active substances.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of cyclopropanecarboxaldehyde by the isomerization of 2,3-dihydrofuran wherein 2,3-dihydrofuran is contacted with a catalyst selected from alumina, silica-alumina, silica, zirconia, titania and mixtures thereof having a nitrogen BET surface area of about 10 to 350 square meters per gram at elevated temperature.

Abstract: It was found that 8-exo-formyl-2,6-exo-tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6 ]decane having the constitution and stereochemistry of formula (I) possesses particularly useful olfactory properties which are clearly superior to those of the 8-endo-epimer and which already have an effect if compound (I) is enriched with mixtures of 8-exo- and 8-endo-epimers. Compound (I) can therefore be advantageously used, in pure or enriched form, as a scent or as a component of perfume compositions. To prepare an enriched epimer mixture, a mixture obtained in a known manner (U.S. Pat. No. 3,270,061) and having an exo/endo ratio of 1.45:1 is brought into equilibrium by base catalysis, preferably by the action of alkali hydroxides in alcoholic solution, to give an exo/endo ratio of 5.25:1. Alternatively, the enriched epimer mixture can be prepared starting from 8-formyl-2,6-exo-tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6 ]decene-3(4), catalytically hydrogenated for example with palladium coal and then optionally brought into equilibrium.

Abstract: Described are substituted 2,6-dimethylbicyclo[3,3,1]- non-6-enes defined according to the generic structure: ##STR1## wherein the dashed line represents a carbon-carbon single bond or a carbon-carbon double bond and wherein "R" represents one of the moieties: ##STR2## processes for preparing same and uses thereof in augmenting or enhancing the aroma of consumable materials including perfume compositions, colognes and perfumed articles (e.g., solid or liquid anionic, cationic, nonionic or zwitterionic detergents, hair preparations, fabric softeners, fabric softener articles, cosmetic powders and perfumed polymers).

Abstract: A process for producing an aliphatic or alicyclic aldehyde is disclosed, which process comprises the step of hydrogenating an aliphatic or alicyclic carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof with molecular hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is a zirconium oxide catalyst which contains chromium as an essential component, has a weakly basic site amount of more than 0.03 mmol/g as determined by a temperature programmed desorption method using carbon dioxide as an adsorbate in which the amount of carbon dioxide desorbed in the temperature range of from 100.degree. to 250.degree. C. is measured, and has pores having a radius of from 20 to 500 .ANG. in an amount of not less than 0.1 cc/g and pores having a radius of from 1,000 to 50,000 .ANG. in an amount of not less than 0.05 cc/g as measured with a mercury porosimeter. Aldehydes can be obtained directly from aliphatic or alicyclic carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof in high yield.

Abstract: New 4,4,5,8-tetramethyl-1-oxaspiro[2,5]octane. A process for its preparation starting from 2,2,3,6-tetramethyl-1-cyclohexanone is described.4,4,5,8-Tetramethyl-1-oxaspiro[2,5]octane is a useful raw material for the preparation of 2,2,3,6-tetramethyl-cyclohexane-carbaldehyde, a key intermediate for the synthesis of valuable fragrance ingredients.

Abstract: 4-oxaaldehydes of the formula ##STR1## are prepared by catalytic isomerization of 1,3-dioxanes by a process in which a 1,3-dioxane of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are identical or different and are each hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl radical of not more than 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl radical of 5 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl, alkylaryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl or alkenylaryl radical of 5 to 16 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic radical and furthermore R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 and/or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded may form a cycloalkane, a cycloalkene or a heterocyclic structure, and the stated radicals may furthermore carry substituents which are inert under the reaction conditions, and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or straight-chain or branched alkyl, is isomerized using a metal oxide catalyst, which has been treated with an acid, and/or a silica phase having a zeolite structure.

Abstract: Aldehydes and ketones are prepared from epoxides of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkoxy or aralkyl and R.sup.3 has the same meanings or is hydrogen, by a catalytic rearrangement reaction in the presence of various catalysts, in particular zeolites of the pentasil type.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of carbonyl compounds by catalyzed isomerization of allyl alcohols in a tertiary phosphine or phosphite ester in the presence of a rhodium compound at a temperature of from 80.degree. C. to 180.degree. C., a carrier gas being passed through the reaction mixture and the carbonyl compound being separated from the emergent gas mixture by cooling.

Abstract: 4-Oxaaldehydes of the formula ##STR1## are prepared by catalytic isomerization of 1,3-dioxanes by a process in which a 1,3-dioxane of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are identical or different and are each hydrogen, a straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl radical of not more than 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl radical of 5 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl, alkylaryl, aralkyl or alkenylaryl radical of 5 to 16 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic radical, and furthermore R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 and/or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded may form a cycloalkane, a cycloalkene or a heterocyclic structure, and the stated radicals may furthermore carry substituents which are inert under the reaction conditions, and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or straight-chain or branched alkyl, is isomerized using a phosphate as a catalyst.

Abstract: Ethylenic carbonyl compounds of formula ##STR1## are made by the isomerization of acetylenic alcohols of formula ##STR2## in the presence of a catalyst consisting of a titanium derivative, a copper or silver derivative, and, if required, an acid, which may be in the form of an ester or anhydride, or an inorganic ester.

Abstract: Cyclic ketones of the formula ##STR1## where n is an integer from 4 to 6, are prepared by converting an aliphatic dicarboxylate of the formulaR.sup.1 OCC--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --COOR.sup.2 IIwhere n has the above meaning, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl and R.sup.2 may furthermore be hydrogen, at from 150.degree. to 450.degree. C. over a solid oxide catalyst.

Abstract: 4-oxa-aldehydes are prepared by catalytic isomerization of a 1,3-dioxane using an acidic zeolite catalyst.

Abstract: 1(7)-p-Methen-9-al, a novel terpene aldehyde, possesses useful organoleptic properties and develops bitter, herbal and aromatic perfume notes. In the field of flavors, 1(7)-p-menthen-9-al develops flowery, herbal and fatty characters reminiscent of certain aspects of the flavor of nuts or cumin.

Abstract: There is provided novel ketones of the structure: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 represent hydrogen or methyl provided that:R.sub.1 is not the same as R.sub.2 andR.sub.3 is not the same as R.sub.4 ;and fragrance compositions containing them.

Abstract: Ethers of the hydroxypivalaldehyde RCH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CHO are prepared by a catalytic isomerization of 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxans at 250.degree. to 500.degree. C. The catalyst is obtained by way of calcination from silicon dioxide, at least one element of the third main group or subgroup in the form of its oxide or hydroxide and at least one alkali metal oxide or hydroxide.

Abstract: The process for the manufacture of but-2-en-1-ol compounds by isomerizing but-3-en-1-ol compounds in the presence of a palladium catalyst and of hydrogen is improved by modifying the palladium catalyst with selenium or tellurium.The but-2-en-1-ols manufactured according to the invention are either solvents or valuable starting materials for the manufacture of solvents, dyes, surface coatings, paints and pesticides.

Abstract: A process for producing novel aldol derivatives of the formula, ##STR1## wherein C=W is a carbonyl group or a protected carbonyl group which comprises reacting a compound of the formula: ##STR2## wherein C=W is as defined above in the presence of an acid or a base at a temperature ranging from -70.degree. C. to room temperature. The novel aldol derivatives of the above formula are useful as intermediate for producing methanoprostacyclin derivatives which are useful medicines for prevention of thrombosis.

Abstract: Cyclopropylmethyl-N-n-propylamine is prepared by (a) cyclizing 1,4-butanediol by a cobalt-containing catalyst to 2,3-dihydrofuran at a temperature in the range of about 210.degree.-235.degree. C.; (b) thermally isomerizing the 2,3-dihydrofuran to cyclopropanecarboxaldehyde in an open-reactor columm; and (c) reductively alkylating the cyclopropanecarboxaldehyde with n-propylamine and hydrogen in the presence of a platinum catalyst.

Abstract: Described are perfume compositions and processes for producing same which compositions comprise in an aroma augmenting or enhancing quantity at least one compound having the structure: ##STR1## wherein m is 0 or 1; wherein one of the lines + + + + is a carbon-carbon single bond and the other of the lines + + + + is a carbon-carbon double bond and wherein X is carbinol having the structure: ##STR2## and at least one adjuvant selected from the group consisting of natural perfume oils, synthetic perfume oils, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones other than those defined herein, esters, nitriles and lactones. Also described are colognes containing compounds having the above structure and ethanol and water.