Abstract: A process for producing a 1,3-diol, e.g., 1,3-propanediol, and/or a 3-hydroxyaldehyde, e.g., 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, is disclosed which comprises contacting a combination of an epoxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a rhodium-containing catalyst composition effective to promote the hydroformylation of the epoxide at conditions effective to form at least one of a 1,3-diol and a 3-hydroxyaldehyde. The rhodium-containing catalyst composition comprises an anionic rhodium-containing complex. A promoter component is preferably provided to enhance at least one of the rate and selectivity of the epoxide hydroformylation reaction Rhodium-containing compositions and a processes for producing rhodium-containing compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The preparation of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones IO.dbd.C(R.sup.1)--CR.sup.2 .dbd.CR.sup.3 R.sup.4 Iis carried out by acid hydrolysis of cyclic .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated acetals II ##STR1## in the presence of saturated aldehydes.

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel process for the manufacture of various aryloxyaliphatic aldehydes and related arylthio analogues, which are useful as chemical intermediates. The process involves reacting a dihalogenohydroxyalkane of the formula: HO.C(R.sup.2).sub.2.CHX.sub.2 wherein R.sup.2 is alkyl and X is chloro or bromo with a phenol or thiophenol in the presence of base and is applicable to large scale use.

Abstract: A process for converting tertiary amine N-oxides to aldehydes by reacting tertiary amine N-oxides in the presence of a catalytic quantity of a vanadium containing compound.

Abstract: A stereoselective process is described for preparing optically active alpha,beta-disubstituted carbonyl compounds, comprising forming an acetal between an alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde or ketone and tartaric acid or a derivative thereof, halogenating the product thus obtained, and restoring the carbonyl compound.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing optically active alpha-halogenated carbonyl compounds.This process consists of transforming the carbonyl compound into the corresponding acetal with tartaric acid or a derivative thereof, halogenating this acetal and releasing the carbonyl compound.

Abstract: Process for the concurrent preparation of olefinically unsaturated or satted .alpha.,.omega.-dialdehydes and .alpha.,.omega.-diacids, characterized by the fact that the monoozonide of a a mono- or polyunsaturated cycloolefine in solution in a polar solvent, is treated with water and subsequently with an alkaline aqueous solution at room pressure and at a temperature from -5.degree. C. to 70.degree. C., maintaining during the addition of the alkali, a pH not higher than 12, the dialdehyde and the diacid being subsequently isolated by known, conventional methods.

Abstract: A novel synthesis of methacrylic acid and methacrolein from isobutylene oxide is provided. This method includes contacting isobutylene oxide with a catalyst, preferably a heteropolyacid catalyst, in the presence of oxygen. Using this method, isobutylene oxide conversion is nearly 100% complete. Depending upon the reaction temperature selected, yields of up to about 60% methacrolein and up to about 12% methacrylic acid may be obtained. A simple, inexpensive high yield process is thus provided for producing reaction mixtures containing methacrylic acid and methacrolein.

Abstract: A novel synthesis of methacrylic acid and methacrolein from isobutylene oxide is provided. This method includes contacting isobutylene oxide with a catalyst, preferably a heteropolyacid catalyst, in the presence of oxygen. Using this method, isobutylene oxide conversion is nearly 100% complete. Depending upon the reaction temperature selected, yields of up to about 60% methacrolein and up to about 12% methacrylic acid may be obtained. A simple, inexpensive high yield process is thus provided for producing reaction mixtures containing methacrylic acid and methacrolein.

Abstract: Terminal epoxides, also known as alpha-epoxides or 1,2-epoxides, are rearranged predominantly to the corresponding aldehydes using a catalyst system consisting of lithium tetrafluoroborate in a polyether solvent.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for the preparation of a novel essentially nonaqueous glutaraldehyde precursor which is capable of rapidly generating glutaraldehyde upon addition to water. The precursor is prepared by the hydration of 2-alkoxy-3, 4-dihydropyran in the presence of an acid catalyst.

Abstract: To produce methacrylic acid, firstly, isobutyraldehyde is acetalized. The resultant acetal is cleaved into the isobutenyl ether and alcohol. The isobutenyl ether is oxidized with molecular oxygen or an oxygen-containing gaseous mixture in the presence of an alkaline solution at temperatures of 30.degree.-70.degree. C. to obtain the epoxide. This epoxide is hydrolyzed to the .alpha.-hydroxyisobutyraldehyde. The latter is then oxidized with concentrated or fuming nitric acid at temperatures of 20.degree.-110.degree. C. to produce .alpha.-hydroxyisobutyric acid, and methacrylic acid is obtained therefrom by splitting off water.

Abstract: A storage stable composition of glutaraldehyde acetals and an organic acidic catalyst, which can be converted to glutaraldehyde at the site and upon demand, by the addition of water.

Abstract: 2,2'-bipyridinium chlorochromate has been found to be an effective oxidizing agent, particularly for the conversion of primary or secondary alcohols to their respective aldehydes or ketones.

Abstract: 2,2'-Bipyridinium chlorochromate has been found to be an effective oxidizing agent, particularly for the conversion of primary or secondary alcohols to their respective aldehydes or ketones.

Abstract: An optically active or racemic .alpha.-hydroxyaldehyde represented by the general formula (2), ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aryl group, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group, C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 alkenyl group, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkynyl group, C.sub.7 -C.sub.14 aralkyl group, or a group containing a functional group in the organic portion of said groups and R.sub.2 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkenyl group, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkynyl group, C.sub.7 -C.sub.14 aralkyl group, C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aryl group, or a group containing a functional group in the organic portion of these groups, which is an important intermediate for preparation of pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals, and prepared by allowing an optically active or racemic compound represented by the general formula (1), ##STR2## (wherein A represents a C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aryl group or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or alkoxy group- or halogen-substituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aryl group and R.sub.

Abstract: An optically active or racemic .alpha.-hydroxyaldehyde represented by the general formula (2), ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aryl group, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group, C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 alkenyl group, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkynyl group, C.sub.7 -C.sub.14 aralkyl group, or a group containing a functional group in the organic portion of said groups and R.sub.2 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkenyl group, C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 alkynyl group, C.sub.7-C.sub.14 aralkyl group, C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aryl group, or a group containing a functional group in the organic portion of these groups, which is an important intermediate for preparation of pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals, and prepared by allowing an optically active or racemic compound represented by the general formula (1), ##STR2## (wherein A represents a C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aryl group or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or alkoxy group- or halogen-substituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aryl group and R.sub.

Abstract: A process for hydrolysing allylethers of the general formula:R.sub.6 CH.dbd.CR.sub.5 --CR.sub.4 --O--CR.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.3wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, which may be the same or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 and R.sub.6 together represent a covalent bond, with water in the presence of a supported Group VIII metal catalyst. Methyl sec-butenyl ether can be hydrolysed in high yield to methyl ethyl ketone.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of (E)-4-bromo-2-methylbut-2-en-1-al comprises brominating 3,4-epoxy-3-methyl-1-butene with cupric bromide in the presence of lithium carbonate.

Abstract: Synthesis and intermediates for making an insect pheromone useful in the control of the yellow scale.

Abstract: Aldehydes are produced by cleaving 2,2-dialkyltetrahydropyrans bearing two hydrogen atoms in the sixth position with a strong acid. The 2,2-dialkyltetrahydropyran can be formed in situ by contacting the strong acid with a primary 6-alken-1-ol having at least one methyl group in the fifth position so that cyclization occurs.

Abstract: A process is described for the preparation of substituted oxyacetaldehydes and acetals thereof according to the reaction sequence: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each lower alkyl or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, taken together form a lower alkylene group; wherein R.sub.3 is alkyl, alkenyl or alkadienyl and X is halogen selected from the group consisting of chlorine and bromine, the reaction (i) being carried out (1) using a "phase transfer agent" and (2) in a two phase system.