Abstract: Crystalline benzoyl peroxide particles having a particle size no greater than 25 microns and formed by wet milling in the absence of solvents and wherein the crystalline benzoyl peroxide is not irritating to the skin. A therapeutic or cosmetic composition comprising a water-based gel containing the crystalline benzoyl peroxide.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) as defined in claims.

Abstract: This application refers to Organic Peroxides of the Dialcyl, Perester, Perketal, and Dialkyl classes, which were modified to resist to oxygen, destined to be used in the process of production of Power Wires and Cables, Shapes, flocculated, compact and spongeous, used for the assembly of sealing of doors, trunks and windows in the automobile industry and civil construction, and also in the process of continuous vulcanization in hot air tunnel, in presence of oxygen, with the application of modified Organic Peroxides.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of a dialkyl peroxide comprising reacting one or more members selected from the group consisting of an alkylating alcohol of the formula ROH, and an olefin of the formula (R2)(R2a)C?C(R3)(R3a), wherein R is C1–C10 allyl, and R2, R2a, R3, and R3a are independently selected from hydrogen and C1–C10 alkyl; with a hydroperoxide of the formula R1OOH, wherein R1 is C1–C10 allyl; in the presence of an effective amount of a substantially solid, insoluble, heterogenous acidic catalyst; followed by separation of the reaction mixture from said catalyst; wherein said catalyst has readily available acidity for organic reactions and exists in the solid phase in the processes of the invention, while the reactants in those processes, by contrast, exist in the liquid and/or gaseous phase, whence the catalyst is referred to as heterogeneous.

Abstract: Perfluoropolyethers having structural formula R1O—(CF2O)n—(CF2CF2O)mR2??(I) wherein: R1 is —CH3 or —C2H5; R2 is equal to R1 or —CF2H n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 100; m is an integer from 1 to 100 or, when R2 is —CF2H, m can also be 0; the oxyfluoro-alkylene units —(CF2CF2O)— and —(CF2O)— are statistically distributed along the polymer chain.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions of (per)fluoropolyether phosphates of formula: T—O—[Rf—CFY—L—O]P(O)(O−Z+)(OH); and/or  (A) (OH)m(O−Z+)2-mP(O)[O—L—YFC—O—Rf—CFY—L—O—P(O)(O−Z+)]m′— —[O—L—YFC—O—Rf—CFY—L—O]P(O)(O−Z+)2-m(OH)m  (B) and use thereof to confer oleo-repellence to the paper in bulk by means of the wet-end method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a preparation process for making peroxy esters and peroxy carbonates, peroxy ester peroxy carbonates, mixed diperoxides, mixed diperoxy esters, and mixed diperoxy carbonates, and to specific monoperoxy esters, monoperoxy carbonates, mixed peroxides, mixed diperoxy esters, mixed diperoxy carbonates, peroxy ester peroxy carbonates, and mixtures thereof. The process involves the reaction of a type-3 ketone peroxide with a reactive carbonyl compound and optional subsequent reaction with an alkyl vinyl ether, acetal, halogen formate, or carboxylic acid anhydride.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions of (per)fluoropolyether phosphates of formula:

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new class of peroxides and to a process for the preparation of these peroxides having the general formula (I), wherein n=1 or 2, R1, R2, R4, R5, and R6 are independently selected from the group comprising hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C20 cycloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, C7-C20 aralkyl, and C7-C20 alkaryl, or R1 and R2 form a C3-C12 cycloalkyl group, which groups may include linear or branched alkyl moieties; and each of R1, R2, R4, R5, and R6 may optionally be substituted with one or more groups selected from hydroxy, alkoxy, linear or branched alkyl, aryloxy, halogen, ester, carboxy, nitrile, and amido, and R1 and R2 may form a ring, and R3 is independently selected from the group comprising C1-C20, alkyl; C3-C20 cycloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, C7-C20, aralkyl, and C7-C20 alkaryl, which groups may include linear or branched alkyl moieties; and R3 may optionally be substituted with one or more groups selected from hydroxy, alkoxy, linear or branched alkyl, aryloxy,

Abstract: The process of preparing peroxyketals which comprises reacting a composition comprising ketone with hydroperoxide in the presence of heteropolyacid.

Abstract: 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-t-butylperoxy-hexane is produced by reacting 2,5-dimethyl-1,5-hexadiene with t-butylhydroperoxide under acid catalysis in the presence of an electron pair acceptor Lewis acid in a substantially anhydrous solvent. If one uses technical water-containing t-butylhydroperoxide, the water can be separated, after mixing with the 2,5-dimethyl-1,5-hexadiene, by adding sulfuric acid or calcium chloride and subsequently the electron pair acceptor Lewis acid is added.

Abstract: Blends of meta and para isomers of .alpha., .alpha.'-bis(t-butylperoxy) diisopropylbenzene are disclosed as well as methods of producing blends of .alpha., .alpha.'-bis(t-butylperoxy) diisopropylbenzene with desired ratios of meta and para isomers.Additionally, blends of meta and para isomers of .alpha., .alpha.'-bis(t-butylperoxy) diisopropylbenzene and tertiary alkyl cumyl peroxides are disclosed.The peroxides are useful for absorbing in polymers and subsequently crosslinking the polymers. The peroxide blends may be adjusted to have melt points below temperatures at which the polymers become difficult to process during the absorption step because of stickiness.

Abstract: A process is described for producing acetals comprising reacting an aldehyde or a ketone with an alcohol in the presence of a titanium compound having an acetylacetone as a ligand, or in the presence of a compound selected from the group consisting of stannous chloride dihydrate, cerium chloride hexahydrate and bismuth chloride. The process can be used in the synthesis of unstable acetals or when water exists in the reaction mixture, and therefore the process can be used for a wide variety of applications.

Abstract: Tetrafluoroethylene oxidation process comprising the step of oxidizing tetrafluoroethylene in solution at temperatures between -80.degree. C. and -50.degree. C. in the presence of ultraviolet radiation, oxygen and perfluoroethane (125) as solvent to obtain peroxidic perfluoropolyethers.

Abstract: Tetrafluoroethylene oxidation process at temperatures comprised between -80.degree. C. and -40.degree. C. in the presence of UV radiations and pentafluoropropane as solvent.

Abstract: Tetrafluoroethylene oxidation process at temperatures comprised between -100.degree. C. and -40.degree. C., in absence of Uv radiations, and by operating in the presence of a chemical initiator containing at least one F--X bond, wherein X is oxygen or halogen, in the presence of a solvent comprising an amount of COF.sub.2 higher than 8% by moles.

Abstract: Process for reducing the content of water in imido-alkanpercarboxylic acids comprising heating a suspension of imido-alkanpercarboxylc acid in water up to the complete solid melting and subsequent separation of the organic phase from the aqueous phase and recovery of the organic phase containing the imido-alkanpercarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Purification process of imido-alkancaboxylic acids from contaminants represented by acid-carboxylic, lactam or aminoacids and water comprising:A) Preparation of the imido-alkancarboxylic acid precursor by reaction of an anhydride a1) or the corresponding acids, with an aminoacid b1) with water; or a1) with a lactam b2) and water; at temperatures comprised between 100.degree. and 250.degree. C., under pressure of an inert gas from 1 to 30 bar, for reaction times from 2 to 20 hours; wherein the ratio by moles between a1/(b1 or b2)/water is comprised between 1/1.05-1.1/0.5-2.5; optional addition of water such that it is at least, of 2 moles for mole of a1);B) discharge of the precursor obtained in phase A) in a solvent immiscible with water;C) separation of the aqueous phases from the organic phase;D) recovery of the organic phase for the successive peroxidation reaction.

Abstract: Novel unsaturated peroxide compositions of Structure A,R--Q--X--R.sub.1 A[Where the R--Q-- grouping contains a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, --X-- is a direct bond or a connecting diradical and --R.sub.1 is a peroxide containing radical all as defined in the Summary of the Invention Section.], polymeric-peroxide compositions derived from them and their uses are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for separating phthalimido-peroxycaproic acid (PAP) from solutions in organic solvents, wherein the organic solvents have a solubility in water equal to or lower to 10% by weight, is provided. The process employs the following steps:(a) dispersing the solution in an aqueous medium to form a suspension;(b) bubbling an inert gas into the resulting suspension; and(c) recovering PAP from the suspension.

Abstract: A method for preparing tertiary butyl alcohol wherein a solution of a tertiary butyl hydroperoxide feedstock in tertiary butyl alcohol is charged to a hydroperoxide decomposition reaction zone containing a catalytically effective amount of a hydroperoxide decomposition catalyst consisting essentially of palladium and gold supported on alumina, and is brought into contact with the catalyst in liquid phase under hydroperoxide decomposition reaction conditions to convert the tertiary butyl hydroperoxide to decomposition products, principally tertiary butyl alcohol and ditertiary butyl peroxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process the production of dialkyl peroxides by reaction of an alcohol and/or an olefin with an organic hydroperoxide, using an acidic resin catalyst, especially a highly cross-linked hydrophobic acidic resin catalyst.

Abstract: A method for preparing tertiary butyl alcohol wherein a feedstock comprising a solvent solution of tertiary butyl hydroperoxide in tertiary butyl alcohol or a mixture of tertiary butyl alcohol with isobutane is charged to a hydroperoxide decomposition reaction zone containing a catalytically effective amount of a hydroperoxide decomposition catalyst consisting essentially of alumina having chromium deposited thereon and is brought into contact with the catalyst in liquid phase under hydroperoxide decomposition reaction conditions to convert the tertiary butyl hydroperoxide to decomposition products, principally tertiary butyl alcohol.

Abstract: A method for preparing tertiary butyl alcohol wherein a feedstock comprising a solvent solution of tertiary butyl hydroperoxide in tertiary butyl alcohol or a mixture of tertiary butyl alcohol with isobutane is charged to a hydroperoxide decomposition reaction zone containing a catalytically effective amount of a hydroperoxide decomposition catalyst consisting essentially of lead oxide supported on alumina and is brought into contact with the catalyst in liquid phase with agitation under hydroperoxide decomposition reaction conditions to convert the tertiary butyl hydroperoxide to decomposition products, principally tertiary butyl alcohol.

Abstract: An ester type polymeric peroxide; has a peroxide group of the formula (I): ##STR1## a group of the formula (I') ##STR2## a group of the formula (II) ##STR3## wherein X stands for one member selected from the group consisting of --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, --C.tbd.C-- and ##STR4## continuously bound such that I and I' occur randomly in alternation with II, having a (I):(I') molar ratio in the range of from 9:1 to 1:9 and the [(I)+(I')]:(II) molar ratio in the range of from 6:4 to 4:6, and having an average molecular weight in the range of from 1,000 to 20,000, a polymerization initiator for vinyl type monomer comprising said ester type polymeric peroxide and method for the production of a block copolymer of vinyl type monomer by said polymerization initiator.

Abstract: A one-step process for preparing 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-dihydroperoxide and its alkyl derivatives comprises: (1) adding sulfuric acid to a 60-70% hydrogen peroxide solution to form a first reaction mixture where the first mixture is controlled at a temperature in the range of from about -10.degree. C. to about 10.degree. C.; (2) adding 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-dihydroxy hexane to the mixture held at a temperature in the range of from about -10.degree. C. to about 10.degree. C. or lower to form a second reaction mixture and maintaining the second mixture at a temperature in the range of from about 20.degree. C. to about 50.degree. C. for about 5 minutes to about 5 hours to form a slurry containing the solid product of 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-dihydroperoxide, unreacted reactants and impurities; (3) lowering the temperature of the slurry to the range of from about -10.degree. C. to about 10.degree. C.

Abstract: Macrocyclic enediynediols and enediynediones having a ten carbon ring and open chain enediyne dihydroperoxides having eight carbons between the hydroperoxide groups that cleave DNA are disclosed, as are methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for preparing dihydroperoxyalkanes and, particularly, dimethyldihydroperoxyhexane. The improvement resides in utilizing a tetrahydrofuran derivative which is a liquid as a feedstock. This feedstock then is reacted with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sulfuric acid to form the dihydroperoxide.

Abstract: Multifunctional cyclobutarene peroxide polymerization initiators comprising at least one cyclobutarene moiety linked through the aromatic ring to at least one peroxide containing group which catalyze free radical polymerizations, as well as participate in cyclobutarene initiated ring opening polymerizations. The cyclobutarene peroxides of this invention are useful for the production of cross-linked, branched and graft polymeric compositions.

Abstract: A process for preparing an optically active alcohol is disclosed, which comprises asymmetrically hydrogenating a carbonyl compound in the presence of a ruthenium-optically active phosphine complex as a catalyst. The resulting alcohol has high optical purity.

Abstract: Imidopercarboxylic acids or salts thereof of the formula ##STR1## in which A denotes a group of the formula ##STR2## n denotes the number 0, 1 or 2, R.sup.1 denotes hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -alkenyl, aryl, or alkylaryl,R.sup.2 denotes hydrogen, chlorine, bromine or a group of the formula --SO.sub.3 M, --CO.sub.2 M, CO.sub.3 M or OSO.sub.3 M.M denotes hydrogen, an alkali metal or ammonium ion or the equivalent of an alkaline earth metal ion andX denotes C.sub.3 -C.sub.19 -alkylene or arylene, preferably phenylene.These compounds are suitable as stable peroxide compounds in bleaching, oxidizing and cleaning agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel antioxidant-peroxide compound of Structure A,(Y--[R--OO--X).sub.x --An].sub.y Ain which the definitions of X, Y, R, An, x, and y are given in the Summary of the Invention section, for example, t-butyl peroxy-3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxypheneyl) propionate, processes for producing polymeric composition of enhanced oxidative stability via initiation of polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, curing of elastomers and unsaturated polyester resins, modification of polypropylene and other polymers and copolymers, and crosslinking of olefin polymers and copolymers, and the resulting polymers having enhanced oxidative stability.

Abstract: A novel peracid ester represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## is useful as a polymerization initiator for vinyl chloride monomer, a curing agent for unsaturated polyester resin or a crosslinking agent for polymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid peroxidic compositions containing:from 1 to 50 parts by weight of a diperoxide of formula: ##STR1## from 5 to 75 parts by weight of dicumyl peroxide; from 1 to 85 parts by weight of a peroxide of formula: ##STR2## wherein R is H or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 3 C atoms and wherein A is selected from the radical CH.sub.3 and the phenyl radical, optionally substituted.

Abstract: An industrially highly valuable novel polymeric diacyl peroxide which is used as a polymerization initiator for free radical polymerization of vinyl monomer, and which is appreciably safe in production and handling, rapidly soluble in vinyl monomer with high solubility, and has exceedingly high catalyst efficiency in the free radical polymerization of vinyl monomer.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel blends of peroxides that have melting points of about 5.degree. C. and lower. The blends consist essentially of (1) t-butyl cumyl peroxide, (2) bis(.alpha.-t-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, and (3) dicumyl peroxide.

Abstract: 1,4- and 1,2-butanediols are selectively produced by reacting 1,3-butadiene with tert-butyl hydroperoxide in the presence of a cobalt on silica catalyst, followed by catalytic hydrogenation of the di(tert-butylperoxy)butenes obtained thereby.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of peroxides by condensation reaction of a tertiary organic hydroperoxide with a tertiary alcohol, which is characterized in that zinc chloride is present as a catalyst in an amount of at least 1% by weight based on the tertiary alcohol, is disclosed. This process can be advantageously applied to continuous manufacture of peroxides, and according to this process, peroxides can be obtained in high yields.

Abstract: An olefin such as .alpha.-methylstyrene or a substituted .alpha.-methylstyrene, wherein the substituent is on the phenyl ring, a t-cumyl halide corresponding to the hydrohalogenated olefin or a substituted t-cumyl chloride and hydrogen peroxide are reacted under relatively non-aqueous conditions, in the absence of a free acid and in the presence of a phenol, to obtain a symmetrical dicumyl (or substituted dicumyl) peroxide which is useful as cross-linking agents for polyethylene and elastomers.

Abstract: An aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydroperoxide or aliphatic dihydroperoxide, an olefin such as alpha-methylstyrene or a substituted alpha-methylstyrene wherein the substituent is on the phenyl ring and a t-cumyl halide corresponding to the hydrohalogenated olefin such as t-cumyl chloride or a substituted t-cumyl chloride are reacted under relatively non-aqueous conditions, in the absence of a free acid and in the presence of a phenol catalyst, to obtain a cumyl (or substituted cumyl) peroxide or diperoxide corresponding to the hydroperoxide or dihydroperoxide. The cumyl peroxides prepared by this reaction are very useful as crosslinking agents for polyethylene and elastomers.

Abstract: An aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydroperoxide, an olefin such as a 1-aromatic-1-substituted ethylene and a halide corresponding to the ethylene are reacted under essentially anhydrous conditions, in the absence of a free acid, at a temperature below the decomposition temperature of the halide to obtain a peroxide corresponding to the hydroperoxide and the ethylene.Preferably the product peroxide is recovered by treating the reaction product mixture with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to destroy the halide and hydroperoxide therein; then distilling the treated mixture in the presence of a substantial amount of liquid water at sub-atmospheric pressure to remove overhead impurities.Example: Dicumyl peroxide is prepared by reacting at about 30.degree. C. for about 5 hours cumene hydroperoxide, .alpha.-methylstyrene and cumyl chloride, which compounds has been charged to the reaction zone in a mole ratio of 1.25:0.86:0.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel blends of peroxides that are liquid at room temperature. Blend (1) consists essentially of dicumyl peroxide and cumyl isopropylcumyl peroxide and blend (2) consists essentially of bis(alpha-t-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene and isopropylcumyl t-butyl peroxide. The blends are useful in crosslinking polymers such as polyethylene.

Abstract: The reaction rates for the interaction of tertiary hydroperoxides with tertiary alcohols to afford di-tertiary peroxides are increased by carrying out the reaction in the presence of a carboxylic acid anhydride.

Abstract: Dry, granular, bleaching compositions comprising an effective amount of diperoxydodecanedioic acid and sufficient buffering agent to control the pH of the aqueous solution in which the bleach is used in the range of 8.7 to 9.5. The peroxyacid and the buffering agent being present as separate granules in such compositions. Methods of using the compositions are also provided.

Abstract: An aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydroperoxide, an olefin such as a 1-aromatic-1-substituted ethylene and a halide corresponding to the ethylene are reacted under essentially anhydrous conditions, in the absence of a free acid, at a temperature below the decomposition temperature of the halide to obtain a peroxide corresponding to the hydroperoxide and the ethylene.Preferably the product peroxide is recovered by treating the reaction product mixture with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide to destroy the halide and hydroperoxide therein; then distilling the treated mixture in the presence of a substantial amount of liquid water at sub-atmospheric pressure to remove overhead impurities.Example: Dicumyl peroxide is prepared by reacting at about 30.degree. C for about 5 hours cumene hydroperoxide, .alpha.-methylstyrene and cumyl chloride, which compounds has been charged to the reaction zone in a mole ratio of 1.25: 0.86: 0.