Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an advantageous non-barbotage method for oxidation of hydrocarbons, that, when implemented in various embodiments thereof, provides significantly higher selectivity, a greater level of safety, lower capital costs, etc., than conventional oxidation processes utilizing the barbotage technique. The essence of the inventive non-barbotage oxidation process is ensuring that the oxidizing agent delivered to the process reactor undergoes continued contact only with exposed surfaces of the liquid phase of the hydrocarbons being oxidized configured as at least one of: formed liquid phase thin film(s), liquid phase continuous stream(s), and/or liquid phase globule (e.g., droplets, etc.

Abstract: A reactor which comprises a vessel (1) with a vessel bottom (2), a stirrer (3) arranged in the vessel, an emergency discharge valve (4) arranged in the vessel bottom for emptying the reactor in less than 600 seconds and at least one filtration device (5) arranged in the vessel bottom is suitable for the safe preparation of organic peroxides. The process for preparing an organic peroxide comprises the steps of preparing a solid hydroperoxide in the form of a suspension in the reactor, filtering the suspension through the filtration device (5) arranged in the vessel bottom (2) while retaining the solid hydroperoxide in the reactor and reacting the hydroperoxide with an alkylating agent, an acylating agent or a carbonyl compound.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an advantageous non-barbotage method for oxidation of hydrocarbons, that, when implemented in various embodiments thereof, provides significantly higher selectivity, a greater level of safety, lower capital costs, etc., than conventional oxidation processes utilizing the barbotage technique. The essence of the inventive non-barbotage oxidation process is ensuring that the oxidizing agent delivered to the process reactor undergoes continued contact only with exposed surfaces of the liquid phase of the hydrocarbons being oxidized configured as at least one of: formed liquid phase thin film(s), liquid phase continuous stream(s), and/or liquid phase globule (e.g., droplets, etc.

Abstract: In a process for oxidizing alkylaromatic compounds to the corresponding hydroperoxide, an alkylaromatic compound of general formula (I): in which R1 and R2 each independently represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, provided that R1 and R2 may be joined to form a cyclic group having from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, said cyclic group being optionally substituted, and R3 represents hydrogen, one or more alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a cyclohexyl group, with oxygen in the presence of an added catalyst comprising tert-butyl hydroperoxide and in the absence of any other catalyst, to produce a hydroperoxide of general formula (II): in which R1, R2 and R3 have the same meaning as in formula (I). The hydroperoxide may then be converted into a phenol and a ketone of the general formula R1COCH2R2 (III), in which R1 and R2 have the same meaning as in formula (I).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing hydroperoxides from their corresponding hydrocarbons which comprises oxidizing said hydrocarbons, particularly ethylbenzene, with an oxygen containing gas in the presence of a catalyst comprising a cyclic imide compound and a compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal compound or mixture thereof.

Abstract: Process for oxidizing cyclohexane in which oxygen is contacted with cyclohexane at a pre-selected feed rate in a first reaction zone and unconsumed oxygen is contacted with cyclohexane in a second reaction zone in which the cyclohexane feed rate is lower than the pre-selected feed rate.

Abstract: A method for producing aryl alkyl hydroperoxides which comprises selectively oxidizing an aryl alkyl hydrocarbon having the formula: ##STR1## wherein P and Q are hydrogen or an alkyl and may be the same or different from each other; x is an integer of 1-3; and Ar is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having a valence of x, with an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a transition metal complex which contains, as a ligand, a cyclic polyfunctional amine compound having at least three nitrogen atoms in the ring forming molecular chain or an open chain polyfunctional amine compound having at least three nitrogen atoms in the main chain of the molecule.

Abstract: Tetrafluoroethylene oxidation process at temperatures comprised between -100.degree. C. and -40.degree. C., in absence of Uv radiations, and by operating in the presence of a chemical initiator containing at least one F--X bond, wherein X is oxygen or halogen, in the presence of a solvent comprising an amount of COF.sub.2 higher than 8% by moles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the oxidation of isobutane in the liquid phase to produce TBA and TBHP wherein at least a portion of the oxidation product mixture is obtained from the condensate of vapors from the oxidation zone.

Abstract: A process for producing a polyhydroperoxy aromatic compound by oxidation of an aromatic hydrocarbon, e.g., 4,4'-diisopropylbiphenyl and 4,4'-diisopropylnaphthalene, with molecular oxygen is disclosed, in which the oxidation is carried out in the presence of a metal ion selected from cobalt, nickel, zinc and lead ions. Even in using a reaction apparatus made of an iron-containing metal generally employed in industry, a high conversion of secondary alkyl groups can be reached, and the desired polyhydroperoxy aromatic compound can be obtained in a high yield.

Abstract: Phenol is produced in a recycle manner by (a) reacting benzene with propylene to synthesize cumene, (b) oxidizing the cumene of step (a) into cumene hydroperoxide, (c) acid cleaving cumene hydroperoxide into phenol and acetone, (d) hydrogenating the acetone of step (c) into isopropanol, (e) dehydrating the isopropanol of step (d) into propylene, and (f) recycling the propylene of step (e) to step (a). It is also possible to take propylene from step (e). The acetone by-product produced upon preparation of phenol is converted into propylene which is useful by itself for any other uses or recycled to the phenol producing process.

Abstract: In a process for producing 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene from 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene, 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene is oxidized in the presence of a specific proportion of a basic compound to hydroxylate or hydroperoxylate 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene in a high conversion, and the resulting intermediate is then subjected to acid cleavage in the presence of hydrogen peroxide to produce 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene in a high yield. The yield of 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene increases by subjecting the reaction mixture containing the above intermediate to a purifying operation or dehydrating operation or adding acetone to it before it is submitted to the acid cleavage. 2,6-Dihydroxynaphthalene may be reacted with acetic anhydride to obtain 2,6-diacetoxynaphthalene.

Abstract: m-Diisopropylbenzene dihydroperoxide is produced in good yield in a continuous process by the oxidation of diisopropylbenzene, comprised of major amounts of the m-isomer and less than 6% of the o-isomer, under anhydrous, non-alkaline conditions with oxygen or air at about 85.degree. C.-95.degree. C.

Abstract: A method of oxidizing secondary alkyl substituted naphthalenes with molecular oxygen in a liquid phase to hydroperoxides, carbinols or mixtures of these, which comprises: oxidizing the secondary alkyl substituted naphthalenes in the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon having a fused ring which contains at least one methylene group therein in amounts of not more than about 1000 ppm based on the secondary alkyl substituted napththalene used.A process of producing isopropylnaphthols is also disclosed, which comprises: oxidizing diisopropylnaphthalenes with molecular oxygen in a liquid phase to diisopropylnaphthalene monohydroperoxides in the presence of (a) either an aromatic hydrocarbon having a fused ring which contains at least one methylene group therein, or a paladium catalyst soluble in the reaction mixture, and (b) an organic polar compound such as acetonitrile; and then acid-decomposing the diisopropylnaphthalene monohydroperoxide to the isopropylnaphthol.

Abstract: A process for producing 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid which comprises oxidizing 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene or its oxidation product as a starting material with molecular oxygen in a reaction medium containing at least 50% by weight of an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having not more than 3 carbon atoms in the presence of an oxidation catalyst comprising (A) at least one heavy metal element selected from the group consisting of cobalt and manganese, and (B) bromine element, the 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene and/or its oxidation product being used in a proportion of 0.1 to 5 moles per gram-atom of the heavy metal element of the oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: Substantially quantitative yields of bibenzyl hydroperoxide and bibenzyl dihydroperoxide can be obtained when oxygen is reacted with bibenzyl (1,2-diphenylethane) in the presence of a minor amount of sodium bicarbonate at a temperature within the range of about 100.degree. to about 160.degree. C. to provide an oxidation product wherein the bibenzyl is substantially selectively converted to the bibenzyl hydroperoxides. The bibenzyl hydroperoxides can be used as raw materials for the production of propylene oxide by reacting the bibenzyl hydroperoxides with propylene.

Abstract: In a method for producing 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene trihydroperoxides by bringing 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene or its homologs into contact reaction with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the co-existence of an aqueous alkali solution, a method for producing 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene trihydroperoxides wherein said contact reaction is carried out under a condition that the reaction temperature be 60.degree. to 120.degree. C., the pH of the reaction solution phase be 8 to 11 and the amount of said aqueous alkali solution be 0.

Abstract: In continuous preparation of tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide by the direct oxidation of isobutane in dense-phase reaction mixture at a pressure in excess of the critical pressure of the mixture, and under conditions relating to temperature and to oxygen and isobutane content of the mixture, improvement in selectivity to TBHP is realized by a process which comprises conducting a plurality of such oxidation reactions each in one of a series of dense-phase reaction mixtures by continuously introducing isobutane reactant into the first reaction mixture in the series, continuously introducing oxygen reactant into each reaction mixture of the series, and withdrawing a continuous flow from each mixture of the series and introducing this flow into the next mixture of the series, with the provision that the continuous flow withdrawn from the last mixture of the series is taken from the process as a TBHP-containing product mixture characterized by a conversion of the isobutane reactant of between about 3 and 25 percent.

Abstract: In the direct oxidation of isobutane with molecular oxygen at moderate isobutane conversion levels (up to about 20%) in a reaction mixture maintained at a pressure greater than its critical pressure and at a temperature in the range from about 140.degree. C. to 170.degree. C., the selectivity of the isobutane conversion to tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide is enhanced with only minimal impact on the reaction rate by controlling the oxygen concentration in the reaction mixture at a level below about 0.1%M.

Abstract: In the preparation of tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide by the direct oxidation of isobutane, the production of tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide, expressed as the quantity of the compound prepared per unit of reactor volume per unit of time, is enhanced by conducting the oxidation in a dense, supercritical phase reaction mixture at a temperature in excess of the critical temperature of the mixture, at a pressure in excess of the critical pressure of the mixture, and under conditions relating to composition of the mixture.

Abstract: Episodes of accelerated decomposition, or runaway, during the preparation of hydrocarbon hydroperoxides by reaction of hydrocarbons with molecular oxygen at elevated temperature, are brought under control through the addition to the oxidation reaction mixture of a small quantity of base in a substantially instantaneous manner at the onset of the runaway.

Abstract: Hydroperoxidizable hydrocarbons are hydroperoxidized by contacting them at hydroperoxidation conditions in the presence of a catalyst comprising a polymer containing maleimide linkages. For example, cumyl hydroperoxide can be produced by contacting cumene and oxygen with a catalyst comprising polymaleimide.

Abstract: Hydroperoxides, such as cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide, are manufactured by the oxidation of aryl compounds, such as cyclohexylbenzene, in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 primary amines and polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Abstract: Metallo phthalocyanines which have been rendered water soluble by substituting an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal sulfate or carboxylate salt onto the phthalocyanine structure have been found to be effective catalysts for the oxidation of aromatic compounds having benzylic carbon atoms to form the corresponding hydroperoxides.