Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of 1,2-bis-(2-nitrophenoxy)-ethane, by reacting 1 mole of ethylene glycol with about 190 to about 250 mol % of 2-chloronitrobenzene at temperatures of about 40.degree. to about 100.degree. C. with the addition of an alkali metal hydroxide in dimethylacetamide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of 5-alkoxy-2-nitrosophenols by the nitrosation of 3-alkoxyphenols using an alkali metal nitrite and an alkanoic acid wherein the selectivity of the nitrosation is improved. Also disclosed is a 2-step process for the preparation of 5-alkoxy-2-nitrophenols by oxidizing the 5-alkoxy-2-nitrosophenols obtained in accordance with the present invention.

Abstract: A process for preparing a substituted styrene by reacting a bisarylalkyl ether in the presence of an acid catalyst is disclosed. The process is preferably used for the preparation of 4-acetoxystyrene from 4,4'-(oxydiethylidene)bisphenol diacetate and 4-methoxystyrene from 4,4'-(oxydiethylidene)bisphenol dimethyl ether. A process for preparing a bisarylalkyl ether by reacting a corresponding arylalkanol in the presence of an acid catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for the production of aminophenoxy-terminated polyethers containing recurring structural units corresponding to the following formula--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--comprising reacting:a) a polyether component consisting essentially of a polyether diol containing the afore-stated recurring structural units, withb) a nitrobenzene containing hydroxyl-reactive substituent.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 1,1'-oxy-bis(3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrobenzene) which comprises reacting a compound of the formula ##STR1## where X is F, Cl, Br or I; with an inorganic base selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, and alkali metal bicarbonates, in the presence of a catalytic quantity of a benzoate catalyst. In addition, benzoate esters of 4-nitro-3-trifluoromethylphenol may be isolated.

Abstract: The invention concerns a compound of the formula I, ##STR1## wherein Ar.sup.1 is optionally substituted phenyl or naphthyl; A.sup.1 is (1-6C)alkylene, (3-6C)alkenylene, (3-6C)alkynylene or cyclo(3-6C)alkylene;Ar.sup.2 is optionally substituted phenylene, or a 6 membered heterocyclene moiety containing up to three nitrogen atoms;R.sup.1 is hydrogen, (1-6C)alkyl, (3-6C)alkenyl, (3-6C)alkynyl, cyano-(1-4C)alkyl or (2-4C)alkanoyl, or optionally substituted benzoyl;wherein R.sup.2 is hydrogen, (1-6C)alkyl, (2-6C)alkenyl, (2-6C)alkynyl or substituted (1-4C)alkyl; andwherein R.sup.3 is hydroxy-(1-4C)alkyl, mercapto-(1-4C)alkyl, (1-4C)alkoxy-(1-4C)alkyl, (3-4C)alkenyloxy-(1-4C)alkyl, (3-4C)alkynyloxy-(1-4C)alkyl, (1-4C)alkoxy-(2-4C)alkoxy-(1-4C)alkyl, (1-4C)alkylthio-(1-4C)alkyl, (1-4C)alkylsulphinyl-(1-4C)alkyl, (1-4C)alkylsulphonyl-(1-4C)alkyl, (1-4C)alkoxycarbonyl-(1-4C)alkyl, (2-4C)alkanoyl-(1-4C)alkyl, (2-4C)alkanoyloxy-(1-4C)alkyl or cyano-(1-4C)alkyl; or R.sup.

Abstract: A process for the production of diaryl ethers which comprises heating, to a temperature of 80.degree. C. to 220.degree. C., a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein X and Y are selected from the group consisting of H, CN, CO.sub.2 H, CHO, NO.sub.2, and CF.sub.3, provided that both X and Y may not simultaneously be H, in a solvent, in the presence of an inorganic base selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, and hydroxides, and in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of benzoic acid, substituted benzoic acids, C2-C4 aliphatic carboxylic acids, and alkali metal salts of said acids.

Abstract: A lubricating compound having the structure:R.sup.1 --R.sub.f --O--Ar--R.sup.2wherein R.sup.1 is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of fluoride, unsubstituted aryloxys, substituted aryloxys, unsubstituted arylthios, substituted arylthios, perfluoroalkoxys, and perfluoro (3,6-dimethyl-1, 4-dioxanyl-2-oxy), R.sup.

Abstract: The invention concerns a cycloalkane derivative of the formula I, ##STR1## wherein Ar.sup.1 is optionally substituted phenyl or naphthyl;A.sup.1 is (1-6C)alkylene, (3-6C)alkenylene, (3-6C)alkynylene or cyclo(3-6C)alkylene;Ar.sup.2 is optionally substituted phenylene, or a 6 membered heterocyclene moiety containing up to three nitrogen atoms;R.sup.1 is hydrogen, (1-6C)alkyl, (3-6C)alkenyl, (3-6C)alkynyl, cyano-(1-4C)alkyl or (2-4C)alkanoyl, or optionally substituted banzoyl; andR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together form a (3-6C)alkylene group which defines an optionally substituted ring having 4 to 7 ring atoms; or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof.The compounds of the invention are inhibitors of the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase.

Abstract: This invention provides benzene derivatives, pharmaceutical formulations of those derivatives, and a method of using the derivatives for the treatment of inflammation in mammals.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which A represents the radicals ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are different from one another and denote hydrogen, --NO.sub.2 or --NH.sub.2, R.sup.3 is hydrogen or halogen, X represents --NO.sub.2 or --NH.sub.2, with the proviso that R.sup.1 is hydrogen, if R.sup.2 is --NO.sub.2 or --NH.sub.2 and R.sup.2 is hydrogen, if R.sup.1 is --NO.sub.2 or --NH.sub.2.The compounds are prepared from 4,4'-bis[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hexafluoroisopropyl]diphenyl ether by nitration or reaction with nitrobenzenes followed by reduction of the nitro groups. They are used for the preparation of high-temperature-resistant polycondensates.

Abstract: The new 1,3-di-arylmethoxy-4,6-dinitrobenzenes of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another denote hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl andAr represents C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 -aryl,can be prepared by reaction of 1,3-dihalogeno-4,6-dinitro-benzenes of the formula ##STR2## in which Hal represents chlorine or bromine, with an arylmethanol of the formulaAr--C(R.sup.1, R.sup.2)OH (IV),in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and Ar have the said meaning, and a strong base in the temperature range from 0.degree. to 100.degree. C.These di-arylmethoxy-dinitro-benzenes can be converted into 4,6-diaminoresorcinol by catalytic reduction with hydrogen.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of certain fluorinated aromatic diamines is disclosed. The step-wise addition of an alkali metal hydroxide to the starting material produces increased yields of higher purity diamine product.

Abstract: The invention relates to catechol carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein, R.sub.1 is ##STR2## acetyl, hydrogen, hydroxy or alkanoyloxy, R.sub.2 is ##STR3## hydroxy, hydrogen or alkanoyloxy, wherein R is hydrogen, lower alkyl or --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --N--(lower alkyl).sub.2,R.sub.3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or amino,R.sub.4 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, halogen or aminoA is ##STR4## wherein, R.sub.5 is hydrogen or acyl, R.sub.6 is hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, aryl or cycloalkyl, and R.sub.7 and R.sub.8, independently, are hydrogen, lower alkyl or halogen, orA is ##STR5## wherein, R.sub.5 is hydrogen or acyl, R.sub.9 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, R.sub.10 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or halogen, R.sub.11 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or halogen, m is 0 or 1, n is an integer of 2-10, provided, that no more than one of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 can be hydroxy, alkanoyloxy or ##STR6## and when R is hydrogen, salts thereof with pharmaceutically acceptable bases or when R is --(CH.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: Herbicidal .alpha.-(5-aryloxy-naphthalen-1-yl-oxy)-propionic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 stands for hydrogen, halogen, cyano or trifluoromethyl,R.sup.2 stands for hydrogen or halogen,R.sup.3 stands for halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy,R.sup.4 stands for hydrogen or halogen,R.sup.5 stands for hydrogen or halogen andZ stands for halogen, hydroxyl, amino, alkylamino, alkenylamino, alkinylamino, arylamino, aralkylamino, alkoxycarbonylalkylamino, cyanamino, dialkylamino, dialkenylamino, alkylsulphonylamino, arylsulphonylamino, hydroxylamino, alkoxyamino, hydrazino, alkylsulphonylhydrazino, arylsulphonylhydrazino, alkylthio, arylthio, aralkylthio, alkoxycarbonylalkylthio or for the --O--R.sup.6 group, wherein R.sup.6 can be various organic radicals.The starting material naphthol of the formula ##STR2## is also new.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical or veterinary preparations containing (a) at least one compound with the formula: ##STR1## where:R.sub.o represents a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkyl group or a benzyl group with the formula: ##STR2##in which R.sub.3 =H, a halogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, CF.sub.3, NO.sub.2 or a CN group; andR.sub.2 represents:a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy group, in which case the pair (X, R.sub.1)=(O, OH), (O, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy), (CHOH, H), (O, H), (CH.sub.2, H) or (CO, H);and OH group, in which case the pair (X, R.sub.1)=(O, OH), (O, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy), (O, H) or (CH.sub.2, H), with the reservation that when (X, R.sub.1)=(O, OH), R.sub.o is different from a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkyl or a benzyl group; ora CN or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl-NH group, in which case the pair (X, R.sub.1)=(O, H) or (CH.sub.2, H), together with (b) a carrier or vehicle which is physiologically acceptable and appropriate for the compound used.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel process for effecting an ether interchange reaction by heating together in the presence of a basic catalyst, a nitroaromatic ether or thioether and an organic compound containing at least one hydroxyl or mercapto group. The novelty resides particularly in carrying out the interchange in an inert solvent while sparging the heated reactants thereby to remove at least a portion of solvent along with an evolving alcohol or thiol.The process is particularly adapted to the capping of organic polyols with nitroaromatic ether groups. The capped products are useful as intermediates for the preparation of high molecular weight polyamines which in turn find utility in various polymer applications.

Abstract: Difluorochloromethoxybenzenes are prepared by reacting phenols with trichloromethyl chloroformate (=di-phosgene) in the presence of hydrogen fluoride.

Abstract: Derivatives of carbonyl-group containing behavior modifying compounds, in which said carbonyl group has been converted to a photolabile group which regenerates the carbonyl group on exposure to radiation, are of value in various methods for the control of animal, and in particular insect, species.

Abstract: A process for the halogenation (bromination or chlorination)/nitration/fluorination of aromatic derivatives substituted by at least one group containing a halogenoalkyl unit. The aromatic derivative is reacted with a halogen and a nitrating agent in liquid hydrofluoric acid. The products obtained are useful as intermediates for the synthesis of compounds having a plant-protecting or pharmaceutical activity.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein X is hydrogen, halo, trihalomethyl, alkyl, or cyano; Y is hydrogen or halo; and Z is a hydroxy substituted alkyl group and compositions containing these compounds exhibit herbicidal activity.

Abstract: New substituted phenoxyalkanolamines and phenoxyalkanol-cycloalkylamines of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which can be identical or different, denote alkyl groups with in each case 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together denote the group --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, wherein n is the number 4 or 5, R.sup.3 denotes hydrogen, or an alkyl group or an acyl group with in each case 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sub.4 denotes an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or the cyclopropylmethyl group and R.sup.5 denotes hydrogen halogen or alkyl, and acid addition salts thereof, have a cardioselective .beta..sub.1 -adrenolytic and hypotensive action. They can be used as medicaments for the treatment of angina pectoris, hypertension and arrhythmias.

Abstract: Cyclic polyamide oligomers are prepared by the reaction of various spirobiindane diamines, including spirobiindane bisphenol bis-aminophenoxy ethers, with dicarboxylic acid chloride such as isophthaloyl chloride. The oligomer compositions may be converted to copolyamides by reaction with lactams in the presence of basic reagents.

Abstract: Substituted diphenyl ethers of the formula ##STR1## where Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2 and Z.sub.3 are hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano, carboxyl, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylmercapto, haloalkylmercapto, alkylsulfinyl, haloalkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl or haloalkylsulfonyl, Z.sub.4 is hydrogen, cyano, alkyl, alkoxy, acetoxy or alkylmercapto, Y is hydrogen, halogen, cyano or nitro, X is oxygen, sulfur, sulfinyl or sulfonyl, and A is hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl ##STR2## and can also be sulfonyl ##STR3## when X is oxygen, and, when Z.sub.4 is alkoxy or alkylmercapto, can also be a methylene chain --(CH.sub.2).sub.m -- by which the radicals Z.sub.4 --CH--X-- are bonded to form a ring, R.sub.1 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or n-propyl, R.sub.2 is cyano, methoxy, ethoxy or ##STR4## where B is OH, ONa, O--alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenoxy, --NH.sub.2, --NH--alkyl or --N(alkyl).sub.2, n is 1, 2 or 3, R.sub.3 and R.sub.

Abstract: 2,4-Dinitrophenyl ethers are prepared by reacting a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene or 2,4-dinitrobromobenzene with an alkali metal alcoholate in a non-polar, inert solvent, at a temperature from -25.degree. C. to 50.degree. C.

Abstract: Nitro-isopropenyldiphenyl ethers are provided which can serve as a useful source of known monomer intermediates or as intermediates for the preparation of nitro-haloisopropyl substituted diphenyl ethers. The latter have been discovered to act as facile alkylating agents with phenols providing nitro-p-hydroxyphenylisopropyl substituted diphenyl ethers. When the latter compounds are reduced there are obtained the corresponding amino-p-hydroxyphenylisopropyl substituted diphenyl ethers.The polymerization of this last class of compounds with acid halides provides polyamide-esters. The polymers can be used in the manufacture of such articles as tubing, hose, bellows hose, and the like.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R denotes a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl radical which is optionally substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy groups, or a phenyl radical which can be substituted by alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or by chlorine or bromine atoms, or, together with R.sub.2, denotes an alkylene bridge --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- in which n is the number 3 or 4, R.sub.1 denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or, together with R, represents an alkylene bridge --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- in which n has the meaning mentioned, by reacting 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene with an alcohol of the formula (II) ##STR2## in which R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 have the meanings mentioned above, in the presence of lithium oxide or lithium hydroxide at temperatures from 0.degree. to 5.degree. C.

Abstract: Novel bis-aminopyridinium salts are useful as phase transfer catalysts in the preparation of aromatic ethers by the reaction of hydroxyaromatic compound alkali metal salts (e.g., bisphenol A disodium salt) with activated halo- or nitro-substituted aromatic compounds (e.g., 4-nitro-N-methylphthalimide). The bis-aminopyridinium salts may be prepared by the reaction of aminopyridines with bis-carbonium ion-generating compounds such as dibromoalkanes.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently --H or lower alkoxy;R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently lower alkyl; andR.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each --OCH.sub.3, or together form --OCH.sub.2 O-- or --OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof are calcium channel blockers useful for treating cardiovascular disorders including angina, hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Abstract: New substituted benzyl-type ethers of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is aryl or aryl substituted by C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, halo-C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, phenyl-C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, C.sub.2-4 -alkenyl, halo-C.sub.2-4 -alkenyl, phenyl-C.sub.2-4 -alkenyl, C.sub.2-4 -alkynyl, halo-C.sub.2-4 -alkynyl, phenyl-C.sub.2-4 -alkynyl, C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy, halo-C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy, phenyl-C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy, C.sub.2-4 -alkenyloxy, halo-C.sub.2-4 -alkenyloxy, phenyl-C.sub.2-4 -alkenyloxy, C.sub.2-4 -alkynyloxy, halo-C.sub.2-4 -alkynyloxy, phenyl-C.sub.2-4 -alkynyloxy, alkylsulfonyloxy, haloalkylsulfonyloxy, arylsulfonyloxy, halo, cyano, nitro, aryloxy, haloaryloxy, C.sub.1-4 -alkyl-aryloxy, or nitroaryloxy,R.sub.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl,R.sub.3 is hydrogen, cyano or ethynyl,R.sub.4 is phenyl or pyridyl or one of these groups substituted by one or more of C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, halo-C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, phenyl-C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, C.sub.1-6 -alkyl interrupted by an O--, N-- or S-- atom, C.sub.2-4 -alkenyl, halo-C.sub.2-4 -alkenyl, phenyl-C.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein Q is 0 or S, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are H, halogen, (halo)alkyl or (halo)alkoxy or together are methylenedioxy, R.sup.3 is isopropyl optionally fluoro-substituted and R.sup.4 are the residues of certain alcohols of the pyrethroid type, are useful as insecticides.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 and each independently --H or lower alkoxy; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently lower alkyl; and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each --OCH.sub.3, or together form --OCH.sub.2 O-- or --OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--, and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof are prepared by cyclizing, deoxygenating, coupling, or hydrogenating the intermediates disclosed herein.

Abstract: Aromatic ethers or polyethers are prepared by reacting an organic halide such as a hydrocarbon halide with an aryl lower alkyl carbonate in the presence of an initiator.

Abstract: A nucleus-nitrated aryl ether is produced by reacting an aromatic halogen-containing nitro compound with an aromatic hydroxy compound, which may be nitrated in the presence of a base. The ether may be an oligomer compound or a polymer and is suitable for use as an explosive or propellant charge.

Abstract: Nitro-isopropenyldiphenyl ethers are provided which can serve as a useful source of known monomer intermediates or as intermediates for the preparation of nitro-haloisopropyl substituted diphenyl ethers. The latter have been discovered to act as facile alkylating agents with phenols providing nitro-p-hydroxyphenylisopropyl substituted diphenyl ethers. When the latter compounds are reduced there are obtained the corresponding amino-p-hydroxyphenylisopropyl substituted diphenyl ethers.The polymerization of this last class of compounds with acid halides provides polyamide-esters. The polymers can be used in the manufacture of such articles as tubing, hose, bellows hose, and the like.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a trihalomethyl group, an alkyl group, or a cyano group,Y is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a trihalomethyl group, andZ is a substituted alkoxy group,and compositions containing these compounds exhibit herbicidal activity.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently --H or lower alkoxy;R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently lower alkyl; andR.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each --OCH.sub.3, or together form --OCH.sub.2 O-- or --OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O--and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof are calcium channel blockers useful for treating cardiovascular disorders including angina, hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Abstract: The vapor phase reaction of phenolic compounds with organic halides to form aromatic ethers is catalyzed by metal oxides. The halide value of the organic halide is retained as hydrogen halide which can be reacted with a halide acceptor such as methanol to form methyl halide and water.

Abstract: Diphenyl ethers of the formula ##STR1## wherein m is 1-3, n is 1 or 2, R is hydrogen, carboxy, carboxylate salt or ester, formyl oxime, cyano, alkyl, alkoxy, chloro, bromo, or N, N-dialkyl amino, are prepared by reacting a chloro-fluoro-benzotrifluoride of the formula ##STR2## wherein m and n are as defined above with a nitro-phenoxide of the formula ##STR3## where R is defined above, and M is a cation of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2-arylethyl ether or thioether derivatives represented by the following general formula [I]: ##STR1## wherein Ar stands for an aryl group, R.sup.1 stands for straight or branched chain alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbons, R.sup.2 stands for a hydrogen atom, or a methyl or ethyl group, R.sup.3 stands for a halogen atom, or a methyl or methoxyl group, R.sup.4 stands for a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a lower alkyl or lower alkoxy group, and n is an integer of 1 or 2 with the proviso that when n is 2, the groups R.sup.4 may be the same or different, and Y stands for an oxygen or sulfur atom, and also to processes for the preparation of these ethers or thioethers and a use of these ethers or thioethers.These compounds of the present invention have excellent insecticidal and acaricidal activities while the toxicity of these compounds are very low.

Abstract: Aromatic hydroxyl- or thiol-containing compounds are methylated by contacting with methyl trichloroacetate at elevated temperatures in the presence of an initiator.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkoxy group, Y is selected from the group consisting of halogens, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl, and C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkoxy, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from the group of chloro, nitro and hydrogen, with at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 being chloro, and at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 being nitro, are useful in combatting insects.

Abstract: Improvement in the process for preparing biaryl compounds via coupling of an arylamine with an arene in the presence of a nitrite, an acid and copper metal or a derivative thereof; the improvement is consisting in adding to the reaction mixture a trialkylorthoformate. The process may be used for preparing drugs such as Flurbiprofen and Xenbucin or intermediate compounds particularly useful for preparing Flurbiprofen, Flufenisal, Chlordimorin, Xenbucin, Xenysalate, Xenyhexenic acid and the like.

Abstract: Herbicidally active compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which .sup.1 represents a hydrogen or chlorine atom,R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, an optionally substituted radical selected from alkyl, aryl, alkanoyl, benzoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkenoxycarbonyl, alkinoxycarbonyl, aralkoxycarbonyl and aryloxycarbonyl, or a radical of the general formula --COOM,in whichM represents a hydrogen atom, one equivalent of an alkali metal ion or alkaline earth metal ion or optionally substituted ammonium, andR.sup.3 represents a cyano group or a radical of the general formula ##STR2## wherein Y represent an oxygen or sulphur atom or an imino (NH) or alkylimino (Nalkyl) group,R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently of each other represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group,n is 0 or 1 andZ represents an optionally substituted radical.Novel intermediates therefor are also shown.

Abstract: Useful novel ketene O,O-acetals of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is a tertiary alkyl radical of 4 to 6 carbon atoms or unsubstituted or halogen-substituted phenyl, R.sup.2 is hydrogen and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently of one another are each phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, alkoxy, alkyl, phenyl, phenoxy, cyano, nitro or trifluoromethyl, their preparation and their use for the preparation of ketene O,N-acetals.

Abstract: A process for the production of dinitrophenyl ethers having the general formula [III]: ##STR1## wherein, one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is a nitro radical, and the other is a hydrogen atom or a straight-chain, branched-chain or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R.sub.3 is a radical selected from the group consisting of (i) a straight-chain, branched-chain or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, (ii) a straight-chain hydrocarbon radical having one phenyl group as a substituent and containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, (iii) a phenyl radical, and (iv) a phenyl radical with one or more than one substituents selected from the group consisting of a nitro group, a halogen group, a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, by reacting a compound represented by the formula [I]: ##STR2## wherein, R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a trihalomethyl group, an alkyl group, or a cyano group,Y is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a trihalomethyl group, andZ is a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, an alkyl group, a halogen atom, an amino group, an alkylthio group, a cyano group, a carboxy group, a carbalkoxy group, a carboxyalkyl group, a carbalkoxyalkyl group, an alkanoyloxy group, or a carbamoyloxy group,and compositions containing these compounds exhibit herbicidal activity.

Abstract: A class of polyamides comprising recurring units having substituted-quaterphenylene radicals is disclosed. The polymers comprise recurring units of the formula ##STR1## wherein each of A and B is a divalent radical, except that B can represent a single bond; R and R.sup.1 are each hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl; and c is zero or one; and wherein, when c is one, at least one of A and B is a substituted-quaterphenylene radical having the formula ##STR2## where each U is a substituent other than hydrogen, each W is hydrogen or a substituent other than hydrogen, each p is an integer from 1 to 3, each X is hydrogen or a substituent other than hydrogen and each r is an integer from 1 to 4, the U, W.sub.p and X.sub.r substitution being sufficient to provide the radical with a non-coplanar molecular configuration; and wherein, when c is zero, A is a substituted-quaterphenylene radical as aforedescribed.

Abstract: Novel antibacterially-active compound, 1,2,8,8a-cyclopropa[c]benzo[1,2-b:-4,3-b']dipyrol-4(5H)-one, prepared by a novel chemical process. This compound, as well as antibacterially-active intermediates, can be used to eradicate or control susceptible bacteria, for example, B. subtilis, K. pneumonia, S. lutea, S. aureus, and M. avium.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a 5-aryloxy-1-chloro-3,3-dimethyl-2-pentanone of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently is halogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy or alkylthio each having 1 to 2 carbon atoms, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy or halogenoalkylthio each having 1 to 2 carbon atoms and 1 to 5 halogen atoms, cyclohexyl, dialkylamino having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in each alkyl moiety, nitro, cyano, alkoxy-carbonyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, phenyl or halophenyl, m and n each independently is an integer from 0 to 5, and m+n.ltoreq.5,comprising reacting 1,1,5-trichloro-3,3-dimethyl-1-pentene of the formula ##STR2## with a phenol of the formula ##STR3## in the presence of a base in a diluent, to produce a compound of the formula ##STR4## and subjecting such reaction product to acid hydrolysis.