Polyether Patents (Class 568/679)
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Patent number: 5248787Abstract: Volatile organic barium, strontium and calcium compounds, which consist of the complex of a barium-, strontium- or calcium-.beta. diketonate and one or more coordinating ligands, characterized in that at least one coordinating ligand of the barium or strontium compound is formed by a neutral oxygen or a neutral nitrogen donor ligand, or one of the coordinating ligands of the calcium compound is formed by a neutral oxygen donor ligand.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 1990Date of Patent: September 28, 1993Assignee: Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek - TNOInventors: Klaas Timmer, Carolus I. M. A. Spee, Adrianus Mackor, Harmen A. Meinema
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Patent number: 5235075Abstract: A process for purifying propylene oxide containing an unacceptable quantity of poly(propylene oxide) contaminant having a molecular weight of at least about 50,000, which comprises contacting the so-contaminated propylene oxide with a quantity of a substantially non-calcined diatomaceous earth for a time and under conditions sufficient to reduce the amount of such contaminant in such propylene oxide to acceptable levels, and recovering the purified propylene oxide product. Also, processes for making polyether polyols from such purified propylene oxide products, and for making high resilient flexible polyurethane foams from such polyols.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1992Date of Patent: August 10, 1993Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Gene W. Bachman, Robert K. Brown
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Patent number: 5210322Abstract: A process for preparing ethers which comprises contacting a carboxylated ether with a metal oxide catalyst under conditions effective to produce the ether.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 1990Date of Patent: May 11, 1993Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventors: Stephen W. King, Kurt D. Olson
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Patent number: 5210325Abstract: Alkylene oxide adducts of organic compounds having active hydrogen atoms are prepared by a process which comprises contacting and reacting an alkylene oxide reactant comprising one or more vicinal alkylene oxides with an active hydrogen containing reactant comprising one or more compounds having active hydrogen atoms in the presence of a catalyst which comprises one or more compounds comprising a rare earth element and phosphorus supported on an inert porous support. The product alkoxylates are known to be useful, for instance, as nonionic surfactants, wetting and emulsifying agents, solvents, and chemical intermediates.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 1992Date of Patent: May 11, 1993Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Richard A. Kemp, Paul R. Weider
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Patent number: 5191123Abstract: A process for preparing hydroxyl-containing compounds which comprises contacting a carboxylated hydroxyl-containing compound with a metal oxide catalyst under conditions effective to produce the hydroxyl-containing compound.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 1990Date of Patent: March 2, 1993Assignee: Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology CorporationInventor: Stephen W. King
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Patent number: 5162589Abstract: Alkylene oxide adducts of organic compounds having active hydrogen atoms are prepared by a process which comprises contacting and reacting an alkylene oxide reactant comprising one or more vicinal alkylene oxides with an active hydrogen containing reactant comprising one or more compounds having active hydrogen atoms in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of sodium barium phosphate or potassium barium phosphate. The product alkoxylates are known to be useful, for instance, as nonionic surfactants, wetting and emulsifying agents, solvent, and chemical intermediates.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1992Date of Patent: November 10, 1992Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Rudolf J. Wijngaarden, Kees Latjes
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Patent number: 5160450Abstract: Novel surface active agents in the form of compounds of formulas (I) and (II) show higher surface activity. ##STR1## R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are alkyl or alkenyl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, Z is H, SO.sub.3 H, PO(OH).sub.2, CH.sub.2 COOH, (CH.sub.2).sub.2 SO.sub.3 H or a salt thereof, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are alkyl or alkenyl groups having 5 to 19 carbon atoms, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is a number of from 1 to 20.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 1990Date of Patent: November 3, 1992Assignee: Lion CorporationInventors: Mitsuo Okahara, Araki Masuyama
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Patent number: 5155228Abstract: A process is described for the improved synthesis of the optically pure C.sub.10 -C.sub.18 fragment of the macrolide structure of the immunosuppressant FK-506. This compound is also useful as an intermediate for preparing FK-506 derivatives.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 1991Date of Patent: October 13, 1992Assignee: Merck & Co., Inc.Inventors: Todd K. Jones, Sander G. Mills, Richard Desmond
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Patent number: 5118870Abstract: Alkylene oxide adducts of organic compounds having active hydrogen atoms are prepared by a process which comprises contacting and reacting an alkylene oxide reactant comprising one or more vicinal alkylene oxides with an active hydrogen containing reactant comprising one or more compounds having active hydrogen atoms in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a xerogel comprising one or more compounds comprising a rare earth element and phorphorus. The product alkoxylates are known to be useful, for instance, as nonionic surfactants, wetting and emulsifying agents, solvents, and chemical intermediates.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 1990Date of Patent: June 2, 1992Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Richard A. Kemp
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Patent number: 5106541Abstract: Oligomers and addition products obtained from the reaction of a saturated or olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid, alcohol, ether, or ester with a substituted or unsubstituted acetic anhydride in the presence of a Mn compound, and processes for their preparation.Type: GrantFiled: January 9, 1990Date of Patent: April 21, 1992Assignee: Henkel Research CorporationInventors: William E. Fristad, Alan G. Olivero, Steven Young, Christopher S. Sykes, Brock M. Siegel
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Patent number: 5059719Abstract: Alkylene oxide adducts of organic compounds having active hydrogen atoms are prepared by a process which comprises contacting and reacting an alkylene oxide reactant comprising one or more C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 vicinal alkylene oxides with an active hydrogen containing reactant comprising one or more compounds having active hydrogen atoms in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of one or more soluble basic compounds of one or more elements of the lanthanum series (atomic numbers 57-71, inclusive). The product alkoxylates are known to be useful, for instance, as nonionic surfactants, wetting and emulsifying agents, solvents, and chemical intermediates. When the process is applied to the preparation of alkylene oxide, particularly ethylene oxide, adducts of alkanols, particularly primary alkanols in the C.sub.6 to C.sub.24 range, the product is a valuable narrow range nonionic surfactant, characterized by relatively narrow distribution of alkylene oxide adducts.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 1990Date of Patent: October 22, 1991Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Charles L. Edwards
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Patent number: 5057627Abstract: Alkylene oxide adducts of organic compounds having active hydrogen atoms are prepared by a process which comprises contacting and reacting an alkylene oxide reactant comprising one or more vicinal alkylene oxides with an active hydrogen containing reactant comprising one or more compounds having active hydrogen atoms in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of one or more of the phosphate salts of the rare earth elements. The product alkoxylates are known to be useful, for instance, as nonionic surfactants, wetting and emulsifying agents, solvents, and chemical intermediates.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 1990Date of Patent: October 15, 1991Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Charles L. Edwards
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Patent number: 5057628Abstract: Alkylene oxide adducts of organic compounds having active hydrogen atoms are prepared by a process which comprises contacting and reacting an alkylene oxide reactant comprising one or more vicinal alkylene oxides with an active hydrogen containing reactant comprising one or more compounds having active hydrogen atoms in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of one or more compounds of one or more of the rare earth elements. The product alkoxylates are known to be useful, for instance, as nonionic surfactants, wetting and emulsifying agents, solvents, and chemical intermediates.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 1990Date of Patent: October 15, 1991Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Charles L. Edwards, Richard A. Kemp
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Patent number: 5053554Abstract: Radiation curable compositions containing outstanding reactive diluents have been developed. The diluents are lower alkyl ether acrylates and methacrylates of particular alkoxylated and non-alkoxylated polyols.Examples are mono-methoxy trimethylolpropane diacrylate, mono-methoxy neopentyl glycol monoacrylate and mono-methoxy, ethoxylated neopentyl glycol monoacrylate having an average of about two moles of ethylene oxide.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 1990Date of Patent: October 1, 1991Assignee: Diamond Shamrock Chemical CompanyInventors: Francis A. Higbie, Robert A. LieBerman, Ira M. Rose
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Patent number: 5041688Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyglycerols (with more than 50% by weight of diglycerol) which are low in cyclic components, by reacting glycerol with chlorohydrins. In this reaction, glycerol is reacted with epichlorohydrin (instead of chlorohydrin) at temperatures from 20.degree. to 120.degree. C. and at certain mole ratios of glycerol to epichlorohydrin and in the presence of an acidic catalyst and the reaction mixture obtained, which has not been separated into its components, is reacted at a temperature from 50.degree. C. to 120.degree. C. according to the content of organically bound chlorine in the reaction mixture, with an alkaline-reacting, preferably aqueous solution. After the addition of water, the reaction mixture is desalinated via one or more cation and subsequent anion exchangers, dehydrated by distillation and the glycerol-polyglycerol mixture obtained is separated by fractional distillation into glycerol, diglycerol and higher polyglycerols.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 1989Date of Patent: August 20, 1991Assignee: Deutsche Solvay-Werke GmbHInventors: Gerald Jakobson, Werner Siemanowski
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Patent number: 5026923Abstract: Alkylene oxide adducts of organic compounds having active hydrogen atoms are prepared by a process which comprises contacting and reacting an alkylene oxide reactant comprising one or more vicinal alkylene oxides with an active hydrogen containing reactant comprising one or more compounds having active hydrogen atoms in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of one or more of the borate salts of the rare earth elements. The product alkoxylates are known to be useful, for instance, as nonionic surfactants, wetting and emulsifying agents, solvents, and chemical intermediates.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 1990Date of Patent: June 25, 1991Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Richard A. Kemp
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Patent number: 5008338Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing hydroxyethers of epoxidized polybutenes wherein the epoxide groups of said epoxidized polybutenes are about 70% trisubstituted and about 20% tetrasubstituted. Hydroxyl compounds are reacted with epoxidized polybutenes to obtain compounds of increased flexibility, water resistance, lubricity, and adhesion as compared with said hydroxyl compounds.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1989Date of Patent: April 16, 1991Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventors: Wayne T. Riddick, Vincent F. Smith, Jr.
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Patent number: 4996364Abstract: Alkaline earth salts of polycarboxylic acid monoesters corresponding to general formula I[R-(OC.sub.m H.sub.2m).sub.n -O-CO-A(COO.sup.-).sub.o ].sub.p M.sup.2+(I)in whichR is a radical selected from the group consisting of a linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 alkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.22 alkenyl, phenyl, alkylphenyl containing 1 to 3 C.sub.1 -C.sub.15 alkyl groups, benzyl and phenethyl,A is a saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 hydrocarbon radical with two or three bonds or a benzene group with two or three bonds,M is an alkaline earth metal selected from the group consisting of Ca, Ba and Sr;m is the number 2 or 3;n is a number from 1 to 20;o is the number 1 and p is the number 2 or o is the number 2 and p is the number 1, are employed as catalysts for the ethoxylation or propoxylation of compounds containing active hydrogen atoms.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 1989Date of Patent: February 26, 1991Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf AktienInventors: Ansgar Behler, Uwe Ploog
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Patent number: 4992594Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of polyglycerols (containing more than 50% by weight of diglycerol) which have a low content of cyclic components, by reacting chlorohydrins. In this reaction .alpha.-monochlorohydrin and epichlorohydrin are reacted at temperatures of 20.degree. to 120.degree. C., preferably 50.degree. C. to 100.degree. C., in a molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to .alpha.-monochlorohydrin of 0.8:1 to 1:2.5 in the presence of acids or compounds having an acid reaction. A medium having an alkaline reaction, preferably an aqueous solution having an alkaline reaction, is added to the resulting unseparated reaction mixture, at a temperature of 50.degree. C. to 120.degree. C., preferably 80.degree. C. to 95.degree. C. The amount of this addition is based on the content of organically-bound chlorine in the reaction mixture. After the addition of water, the reaction mixture is desalinated via one or more cation exchangers and subsequently anion exchangers.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 1990Date of Patent: February 12, 1991Assignee: Deutsche Solvay-Werke GmbHInventors: Gerald Jakobson, Werner Siemanowski
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Patent number: 4978805Abstract: Polyethers I ##STR1## R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, n and m are each from 1 to 30 and r is from 0 to 20, are used mainly as surfactants in detergent and cleaning agent formulations.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1989Date of Patent: December 18, 1990Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Richard Baur, Stefan Birnbach, Alfred Oftring, Ekhard Winkler
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Patent number: 4973763Abstract: A process for preparation of polyglycerol is provided, comprising the steps of (a) reacting glycerol or diglycerol with hydrogen chloride at between about 340.degree. K. and about 410.degree. K. to yield a mixture that comprises an .alpha.-monochlorohydrin of glycerol or an .alpha.-monochlorohydrin of diglycerol, (b) mixing the .alpha.-monochlorohydrins and an alkali metal glycerolate or an alkali metal diglycerolate at a temperature of between about 320.degree. K. and 410.degree. K. to yield a mixture of alkali metal chloride and glycerol and/or diglycerol and polyglyerol, (c) separating the alkali metal chloride from the glycerols and (d) separating the polyglycerol from glycerol and/or diglycerol.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1989Date of Patent: November 27, 1990Assignee: Deutsche Solvay-Werke GmbHInventors: Gerald Jakobson, Horst Linke, Werner Siemanowsky
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Patent number: 4960953Abstract: A process for the preparation of polyglycerols which are low in cyclic components comprises reacting glycerol or diglycerol or a higher polyglycerol with epichlorohydrin at elevated temperatures; adding base corresponding to the organically bound chlorine content of the reaction mixture, at a temperature of 50.degree.-120.degree. C., to the unseparated reaction mixture obtained; desalting the resultant reaction mixture and recovering glycerol, diglycerol and higher polyglycerols by fractional distillation.Type: GrantFiled: March 24, 1989Date of Patent: October 2, 1990Assignee: Deutsche Solvay-Werke GmbHInventors: Gerald Jakobson, Werner Siemanowski
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Patent number: 4960952Abstract: Alkylene oxide adducts of organic compounds having active hydrogen atoms are prepared by a process which comprises contacting and reacting an alkylene oxide reactant comprising one or more vicinal alkylene oxides with an active hydrogen containing reactant comprising one or more compounds having active hydrogen atoms in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of one or more lanthanum compounds comprising silicate, metasilicate and mixtures thereof. The product alkoxylates are known to be useful, for instance, as nonionic surfactants, wetting and emulsifying agents, solvents, and chemical intermediates.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 1989Date of Patent: October 2, 1990Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Richard A. Kemp
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Patent number: 4940797Abstract: A process is described for the improved synthesis of the optically pure C.sub.10 -C.sub.18 fragment of the macrolide structure of the immunosuppressant FK-506. This compound is also useful as an intermediate for preparing FK-506 derivatives.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 1989Date of Patent: July 10, 1990Assignee: Merck & Co., Inc.Inventors: Todd K. Jones, Sander G. Mills, Richard Desmond
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Patent number: 4859696Abstract: A percutaneous absorption accelerator and a precutaneous absorbent preparation containing the same and, more particularly, a percutaneous absorption accelerator containing ether derivatives of specific glycerols or polyglycerols and alcohols as effective components and a percutaneous absorbent preparation containing the percutaneous absorption accelerators and pharmaceutically effective components.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 1988Date of Patent: August 22, 1989Assignee: Kao CorporationInventors: Tetsuro Kamiya, Takeshi Inoue, Hidenori Yorozu, Yasuteru Eguchi, Kaoru Tsujii
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Patent number: 4788345Abstract: Mixture of compounds of general formula: ##STR1## in which R denotes a saturated C.sub.10 -C.sub.12 hydrocarbon radical, or mixture of such radicals, and n has a mean statistical value from 2 to 15, and preferably from 3 to 12.These products are very well tolerated by the skin and the mucosa, and are advantageously used in cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions.Type: GrantFiled: January 20, 1987Date of Patent: November 29, 1988Assignee: L'OrealInventors: Henri Sebag, Guy Vanlerberghe
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Patent number: 4748283Abstract: Stable liquid hydrocarbon-soluble novel magnesium dialkoxide compositions useful as or in the preparation of polymerization catalysts and initiators for the polymerization of alpha-olefins and diolefins are prepared, for instance, by reacting certain organomagnesium compounds in liquid hydrocarbon solvents with (a) aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or acyclic beta- and gamma-alkyl-substituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 monohydric secondary and tertiary alcohols; or (b) mixtures of (a) with beta- and/or gamma-alkyl-unsubstituted C.sub.3 -C.sub.18 aliphatic secondary or tertiary alcohols; or (c) mixtures of (a) with C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 aliphatic primary linear alcohols. Such dialkoxides, and complexes thereof, soluble in hydrocarbon or chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents, can be reacted with triorganoaluminum compounds such as, for instance, TIBAL, organolithium, or organopotassium compounds, e.g., alkyllithiums, or alkali metal alkoxides.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 1987Date of Patent: May 31, 1988Assignee: Lithium Corporation of AmericaInventor: Conrad W. Kamienski
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Patent number: 4689435Abstract: Alkylene oxide adducts of organic compounds having an active hydrogen are prepared by a process in which an active hydrogen reactant and an alkylene oxide reactant are reacted in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of one or more bimetallic oxo compounds of the formula (RO).sub.n M--O--M'--O--M(OR).sub.n, wherein each R is (independently) an optionally-substituted organic moiety, M' is a divalent metal selected from the elements of Groups Va, VIa, and VIIa of the Periodic Table, each M is (independently) a trivalent or tetravalent metal, and each n is 2 if the adjacent M is trivalent of 3 if the adjacent M is tetravalent. The products are useful, for instance, as nonionic surfactants in detergent formulations. In certain preferred embodiments, the process yields a product having a very desirable distribution of alkylene oxide adducts.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1986Date of Patent: August 25, 1987Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Charles L. Edwards
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Patent number: 4677232Abstract: Process for the preparation of water-soluble or water-dispersible polyglycerolated nonionic surface-active agents.This process is characterized by the polyaddition of glycerol chlorohydrin and of a strong base, and preferably sodium or potassium hydroxide in an aqueous solution, to a (poly)hydroxylated compound.This process has the advantage of replacing glycidol, which is usually employed, by glycerol chlorohydrin, which is less costly, easier to store than glycidol, and also of avoiding the flash distillation of a flammable volatile solvent.Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 1985Date of Patent: June 30, 1987Assignee: L'OrealInventors: Henri Sebag, Guy Vanlerberghe
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Patent number: 4665236Abstract: Alkylene oxide adducts of organic compounds having an active hydrogen are prepared by a process in which an active hydrogen reactant and an alkylene oxide reactant are reacted in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of one or more bimetallic oxo compounds of the formula (RO).sub.n M--O--M'--O--M(OR).sub.n, wherein each R is (independently) an optionally-substituted organic moiety, M' is a divalent metal selected from the elements of Groups VIII, Ib, IIb, IIIb, and IVb of the Periodic Table, each M is (independently) a trivalent or tetravalent metal, and each n is 2 if the adjacent M is trivalent of 3 if the adjacent M is tetravalent. The products are useful, for instance, as nonionic surfactants in detergent formulations. In certain preferred embodiments, the process yields a product having a very desirable distribution of alkylene oxide adducts.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1986Date of Patent: May 12, 1987Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Charles L. Edwards
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Patent number: 4642391Abstract: The present invention describes the production of high molecular weight polyhydric alcohols and their derivatives. In particular the urethane reaction products of polyisocyanates and polyhydric alcohols are described.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1983Date of Patent: February 10, 1987Assignee: Henkel CorporationInventor: Edgar R. Rogier
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Patent number: 4634786Abstract: Stable liquid hydrocarbon-soluble novel magnesium dialkoxide compositions, and complexes thereof with, for example, n-alkyllithiums, organomagnesiums, and the like, useful as or in the preparation of polymerization catalysts and initiators for the polymerization of alpha-olefins and diolefins, which are prepared, for instance, by reacting certain organomagnesium compounds in liquid hydrocarbon solvents with (a) aliphatic 2-alkyl-substituted C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 monohydric primary alcohols, or (b) mixtures of (a) with 2-alkyl-substituted C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 aliphatic secondary or tertiary alcohols, or (c) mixtures of (a) with C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 aliphatic primary linear alcohols. Such dialkoxides and complexes thereof are commonly advantageously prepared in the presence of minor amounts of organoaluminum, organolithium or organopotassium compounds, e.g., trialkylaluminums, alkyllithiums or potassium dialkoxides. An illustrative example of the novel magnesium dialkoxides is 2-methyl-1-pentyloxide.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 1984Date of Patent: January 6, 1987Assignee: Lithium Corporation of AmericaInventor: Conrad W. Kamienski
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Patent number: 4609717Abstract: High solids coating compositions which comprise the reaction product of an aliphatic diol having a chain length between hydroxyls of greater than C.sub.10 and a reactant selected from the class consisting of lactones, epoxides and mixtures thereof are disclosed. The reaction products along with a suitable curing agent may be used as the principal resinous binders in the coating composition or may be used as reactive diluents.Type: GrantFiled: April 3, 1985Date of Patent: September 2, 1986Assignee: PPG Industries, Inc.Inventors: Barbara A. Greigger, Rostyslaw Dowbenko
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Patent number: 4590298Abstract: This invention provides a process for the production of C.sub.4 -C.sub.5 hydroxyketones by reaction of formaldehyde and synthesis gas in a basic organic solvent in the presence of a tungsten and Group VIII metal-containing catalyst composition.Type: GrantFiled: March 5, 1985Date of Patent: May 20, 1986Assignee: Celanese CorporationInventor: Tessie M. Che
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Patent number: 4579980Abstract: An ether compound is advantageously produced by an ether exchange reaction of a different ether compound and a hydroxy group containing compound in the presence of a heteropoly acid or an acidic salt thereof as the catalyst. The catalyst is novel and is extremely effective to the present process and brings about less by-products compared to other processes or other catalysts.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 1985Date of Patent: April 1, 1986Assignee: Nippon Soda Co. Ltd.Inventors: Kiyoshi Kogoma, Norio Sone, Takashi Tobita, Masahiro Shiozaki
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Patent number: 4578525Abstract: A process is presented for extracting polar organic compounds, in particular lower aliphatic alcohols, out of their aqueous solutions, which is based on the use of fluids which contain a significant amount of polyoxaalkanols, polyoxaalkanediols and/or polyoxaalkanepolyols. These compounds, by virtue of their high molar masses, their low solubility in water and their good affinity for polar organic compounds, are particularly suitable for use as extractants.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1983Date of Patent: March 25, 1986Assignees: Krupp Industrietechnik Werk Buckau-Wolf, Starcosa GmbH, Versuchs- und Lehranstalt fur Spiritusfabrikation und Fermentationstechno logie in BerlinInventor: Harald Bruckner
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Patent number: 4576967Abstract: Triglycerine monoalkyl ethers of the general formula (I), which are novel polyol ether compounds, ##STR1## in which R represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched fatty hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms.The ethers (I) of the present invention are prepared from firstly subjecting 1,3-bis-o-(2,3-o-isopropylideneglyceryl)glycerine (II) and an etherifying agent (IV) to Williamson's ether synthesis reaction, and the resulting 1,3-bis-o-(2,3-o-isopropylideneglyceryl)-2-o-alkylglycerine (III) is subsequently subjected to hydrolysis.The ethers according to the invention are chemically stable because no linkages susceptible to decomposition, e.g. ester bond, are contained in the molecular structure of the ethers. Moreover, the ethers give a reduced degree of stimulus to the skin and have the surface activity, so that they are useful as an emulsifier, oil (emolient), humectant, thickener and particularly as a component of cosmetics.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 1984Date of Patent: March 18, 1986Assignee: KAO CorporationInventors: Koichi Urata, Naotake Takaishi, Yuji Suzuki
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Patent number: 4551561Abstract: The novel process for the preparation of polyglycerols is based on the condensation of glycerol at a temperature of 190.degree. to 250.degree. C. in the presence of catalysts, the water of condensation being removed. Catalysts which are used are particular compounds containing phosphorus and an alkali metal, such that 0.005 to 1% by weight, based on the weight of glycerol, of phosphorus is present and the molar ratio of alkali metal:phosphorus is 1 to 12:1.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 1984Date of Patent: November 5, 1985Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventor: Herbert Stuhler
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Patent number: 4543258Abstract: Disclosed is a polyol ether compound represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## in which R represents a saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, and R' represents a saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms.A preparation process of the compound (I) is also disclosed.Compounds according to the invention show excellent emulsification stability and are suitable to be a cosmetic composition.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 1983Date of Patent: September 24, 1985Assignee: Kao CorporationInventors: Koichi Urata, Naotake Takaishi, Yoshiaki Inamoto, Yuji Suzuki
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Patent number: 4536584Abstract: A process is provided for the thermochemical conversion of biomass to useful gaseous and liquid organic products. The inventive process utilizes a catalyst to obtain increased yields of gaseous and liquid organic products and decreased yields, if any, of solid and semisolid tar/oils.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1983Date of Patent: August 20, 1985Assignee: The Standard Oil Company (Ohio)Inventors: Abolghassem Eskamani, Warren H. Krause
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Patent number: 4504685Abstract: Hydroxyl compounds are oxyalkylated by contacting them with an alkylene oxide, such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, in the presence of a perfluorocarbon polymer containing pendant sulfonic acid groups.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1980Date of Patent: March 12, 1985Assignee: Varen TechnologyInventor: Ronald J. Vaughan
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Patent number: 4501840Abstract: Pentaerythritol is treated at a temperature of about 180.degree. to 220.degree. C. with a strongly alkaline acting material, e.g. calcium oxide. The thus treated pentaerythritol serves as a costabilizer e.g., with the salt of a polyvalent metal and a carboxylic acid, for a vinyl chloride resin, e.g. polyvinyl chloride and has outstanding properties as such.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 1983Date of Patent: February 26, 1985Assignee: Degussa AktiengesellschaftInventors: Peter Werle, Wolfgang Merk
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Patent number: 4495341Abstract: Adducts, improved polymer-polyols and improved polyurethane foams are provided. The adducts are produced by reacting suitable polyol and epoxy co-reactant to essentially eliminate all epoxy groups. The polymer-polyol is produced by polymerizing suitable ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the adduct or in the adduct forming mixture; in the later case the adduct forming reaction and the polymerization reaction occur simultaneously to produce the polymer-polyol. Polyurethane foams are produced by the usual method but employing the novel adduct or polymer-polyol of the present invention.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1983Date of Patent: January 22, 1985Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventor: Paul Stamberger
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Patent number: 4480139Abstract: Linear aldehydes having 7-21 carbon atoms are separated from mixtures (which may contain alcohols and/or branched aldehydes) by converting them into solid adducts with C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 linear alkane diols. The adducts are then separated and decomposed. The adducts are themselves novel compounds.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1983Date of Patent: October 30, 1984Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLCInventors: Norman Scott, Paul Hepworth
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Patent number: 4465877Abstract: Alkanol alkoxylates having utility, for instance, as nonionic surfactants in detergent formulations are prepared by the reaction of C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 alkanols with C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 alkylene oxides in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of one or more soluble basic compounds of magnesium and additionally in the presence of as a reaction activator at least about 2 percent by mole, calculated on moles of alkanol, of alkoxylates of one or more C.sub.1 to C.sub.30 alkanols having in the alkoxylate molecules from one to about 30 adducts of one or more alkylene oxides selected from the class consisting of C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 alkylene oxides.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 1983Date of Patent: August 14, 1984Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Charles L. Edwards
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Patent number: 4409403Abstract: This invention relates to oxyalkylations which take place in the presence of solid acid catalysts. More particularly this invention relates to increasing the selectivity of such processes employing a solid acid catalyst, preferably a polyfluorosulfonic acid catalyst, in which an hydroxylic compound reactant reacts with an alkylene oxide reactant to produce a desired mono-oxyalkylated product which tends to react with the alkylene oxide to produce an undesired second product.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 1981Date of Patent: October 11, 1983Assignee: Varen TechnologyInventor: Ronald J. Vaughan
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Patent number: 4400560Abstract: A process for preparing a mixture of polyhydroxyl compounds having low molecular weight by catalytically hydrogenating a formose mixture with hydrogen on a metal catalyst. The hydrogenation is carried out at a pH of 7.5 to 12.5 and at elevated temperature and pressure. The formose mixture comprises (i) up to 70 wt. % formose, (ii) up to 1.6 wt. % lead ions and (iii) up to 5 wt. % calcium ions with at least one of (ii) or (iii) being present. The catalyst which is present in an amount of 4-240 wt. % (based on formose solution) is a compound taken from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and compounds thereof. The mixture of polyhydroxyl compounds made in accordance with the present invention is useful as a starting material in the production of polyether polyols, polyester polyols and polyurethane plastics.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 1981Date of Patent: August 23, 1983Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Roland Richter, Hanns P. Muller, Kuno Wagner, Rudolf Helm, Jurgen Zander
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Patent number: 4398046Abstract: Standard activated carbons have been commonly employed in the purification of contaminated glycol scrubbing solutions used in a liquid-liquid extraction process for the manufacture of petrochemicals. These carbons are shown to cause a depression of pH within the glycol stream when a new carbon type is installed or when the exhausted carbon is replaced. The use of a magnesite containing activated carbon minimizes this pH drop to acceptable levels.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1982Date of Patent: August 9, 1983Assignee: Calgon Carbon CorporationInventor: Michael R. Rosene
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Patent number: 4390440Abstract: In accordance with the instant invention, a water-based hydraulic fluid, having improved viscosity can be obtained by blending a carboxylic acid with a thickened hydraulic fluid composition employing a thickener obtained by modifying a conventional polyether polyol thickening agent with an alpha-olefin epoxide or glycidyl ether having about 10 to 24 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof. Small amounts of higher molecular weight glycols may also be incorporated into the chain.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1981Date of Patent: June 28, 1983Assignee: BASF Wyandotte CorporationInventors: Ellen S. Schwartz, Cline A. Tichner
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Patent number: 4375564Abstract: Alkanol alkoxylates having utility, for instance, as nonionic surfactants in detergent formulations are prepared by the reaction of C.sub.1 to C.sub.30 alkanols with C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 alkylene oxides in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a co-catalyst combination comprising as a first component one or more soluble, basic compounds of magnesium and as a second component one or more soluble compounds of at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, zinc, titanium, silicon, molybdenum, vanadium, gallium, germanium, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, cadmium, indium, tin, antimony, tungsten, hafnium, tantalum, thallium, lead, and bismuth.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 1981Date of Patent: March 1, 1983Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Charles L. Edwards