Abstract: Processes and systems for C3+ monoolefin conversion. In some examples, the process can include reacting a first mixture that includes C3+ monoolefins and a first oxygenate to produce a first effluent that includes a first ether and <1 wt. % of any first di-C3+ olefin. A first product that includes the first ether and a first byproduct that includes at least a portion of any first di-C3+ olefin and unreacted C3+ monoolefins can be separated from the first effluent. A second olefin mixture, at least a portion of the first byproduct, and a second oxygenate can be combined to produce a second mixture. The second mixture can be reacted to produce a second effluent that includes a second ether and a second di-C3+ olefin. The reaction of the second mixture can produce a greater amount, on a mole basis, of the second di-C3+ olefin than the second ether.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatuses and processes for manufacturing polymers of thiophene, benzothiophene, and their alkylated derivatives. A process for manufacturing polymers that includes isolating a sulfur-containing heterocyclic hydrocarbon from cracked naphtha and reacting the sulfur-containing heterocyclic hydrocarbon with a super acid to produce a polymer.

Abstract: The purification method comprises: a step for placing the laden gas stream in contact with a saline solution stream, the saline solution stream comprising, before placement in contact, at least 300 g/l of salts, at least part of the quantity of volatile organic compound being extracted from the laden gas stream and absorbed by the saline solution stream, the placement in contact step producing a purified gas stream containing a residual quantity of volatile organic compound and a laden saline solution stream; a step for recovering the volatile organic compound, comprising a sub-step for decanting a laden saline solution stream, leading to the separation of a phase containing the volatile organic compound and of the saline solution.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing hydrocarbons. A method for producing hydrocarbons may include a method of removing impurities from a hydrocarbon stream using a strong base resin. The strong base resin absorbs at least a portion of the impurities from the hydrocarbon stream to provide a purified hydrocarbon stream. Further, the method for producing hydrocarbons may include feeding the purified hydrocarbon stream to a reaction zone comprising a catalyst to form a reaction zone effluent stream.

Abstract: There is described a process for reducing the concentration of formate based heat stable salts formed in a physical solvent acid gas absorption process (12) wherein acid gas contaminants such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide are removed from gas mixtures (30) which include these contaminants. The process comprises the step of contacting the physical solvent containing formate based heat stable salts (46) with a metallic and/or organometallic catalyst (52), preferably the catalyst comprises palladium, zinc, platinum, nickel, or rhodium, and/or salts thereof and/or oxides thereof. The process is particularly suited for physical solvents such as refrigerated methanol, dialkyl ethers of polyethylene glycols, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidones, propylene carbonate, blends of N-acetylmorpholine and N-formylmorpholine, 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone, and the like and particularly gas mixtures containing ammonia as a contaminant.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an airtight shell and an absorption column arranged inside the shell. The absorption column has a multiple stage component, and a single stage component arranged below the multiple stage component with respect to gravity. A gap is arranged between the multiple stage component and the single stage component. The apparatus also includes a gas input in fluid communication with the absorption column for receiving a gas mixture, and a liquid input is in fluid communication with the absorption column for receiving a liquid mixture. A liquid-liquid separator is arranged below the absorption column with respect to gravity. The gas input is arranged below the single stage component. The liquid input is arranged above the single stage component and below the multiple stage component. A method is described for using the apparatus to remove DME from gas and liquid mixtures.

Abstract: An oxygenate to olefins (OTO) process, comprising the steps of: (i) purifying an oxygenate feedstream comprising one or more ionic contaminants by contacting the feedstream with a membrane, resulting in the formation of a retentate and a permeate separated by the membrane, which permeate is a purified oxygenate stream which contains a lower ionic contaminant concentration than the original oxygenate feedstream; (ii) introducing the purified oxygenate stream into an oxygenate to olefins reaction zone; and (iii) contacting the purified oxygenate stream with a molecular sieve catalyst in the oxygenate to olefins reaction zone to form a product stream comprising olefins.

Abstract: Process for obtaining ditrimethylolpropane and trimethylolpropane-enriched product streams from the high-boiling fractions and residues which are obtained in the distillative purification of trimethylolpropane, characterized in that these high-boiling fractions and residues are combined and a polar solvent is added to produce a solution and the solution is treated at a temperature of 120 to 280° C. and at a pressure of 2 to 25 MPa with hydrogen in the presence of a solid nickel catalyst and an acidic compound. After catalytic treatment, the solution is subjected to multi-stage distillation including with a thin film evaporator with a column attachment in order to recover ditrimethylolpropane and trimethylolpropane-enriched product streams.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for efficient purification of MTBE-containing mixtures and for preparation of isobutene by cracking of MTBE-containing mixtures.

Abstract: A method of producing a solid glycerol derived material includes the steps of combining glycerol with a metal oxide, the glycerol having a water content of between about 5 and 50%, and the rate of combination of the glycerol and the metal oxide and the amount of the metal oxide being selected so that at least part of the water present in the glycerol reacts with the metal oxide in an exothermic reaction and at least part is driven off by heat produced in the exothermic reaction to produce the solid glycerol derived material.

Abstract: An ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate composition is provided which enables an ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate product to be stored at a high purity for an extended period of time and can fully suppress problems such as discoloration and gelation from arising during polymerization, and a method of safely preparing ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate compositions industrially, with high purity. The composition includes an ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate of a specific structure and an antioxidant, the content of the antioxidant being from 0.03 to 0.5 wt % per 100 wt % of the ?-(unsaturated alkoxyalkyl)acrylate.

Abstract: There is described a process for reducing the concentration of formate based heat stable salts formed in a physical solvent acid gas absorption process (12) wherein acid gas contaminants such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide are removed from gas mixtures (30) which include these contaminants. The process comprises the step of contacting the physical solvent containing formate based heat stable salts (46) with a metallic and/or organometallic catalyst (52), preferably the catalyst comprises palladium, zinc, platinum, nickel, or rhodium, and/or salts thereof and/or oxides thereof. The process is particularly suited for physical solvents such as refrigerated methanol, dialkyl ethers of polyethylene glycols, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidones, propylene carbonate, blends of N-acetylmorpholine and N-formylmor-pholine, 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone, and the like and particularly gas mixtures containing ammonia as a contaminant.

Abstract: An oxygenate to olefins (OTO) process, comprising the steps of: (i) purifying an oxygenate feedstream comprising one or more ionic contaminants by contacting the feedstream with a membrane, resulting in the formation of a retentate and a permeate separated by the membrane, which permeate is a purified oxygenate stream which contains a lower ionic contaminant concentration than the original oxygenate feedstream; (ii) introducing the purified oxygenate stream into an oxygenate to olefins reaction zone; and (iii) contacting the purified oxygenate stream with a molecular sieve catalyst in the oxygenate to olefins reaction zone to form a product stream comprising olefins.

Abstract: An enhanced method of producing ethers from iso-olefins and alcohols comprises at least one stage of separation of the excess alcohol by an ionic liquid. The ether-hydrocarbon-alcohol effluent treated in said separation stage by the ionic liquid comes from the reaction section and/or from a fractionating column. The separated and condensed alcohol is recycled in the process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for efficient purification of MTBE-containing mixtures and for preparation of isobutene by cracking of MTBE-containing mixtures.

Abstract: A process for the production of dimethyl ether from a methanol reactor effluent is disclosed. The process may include: contacting an aqueous extractant comprising water and an effluent from a methanol synthesis reactor comprising methanol and one or more of methane, water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen. At least a portion of the methanol partitions into the aqueous extractant; recovering an extract fraction comprising the aqueous extractant and methanol. The extract fraction is fed to a catalytic distillation reactor system for concurrently: contacting the methanol with catalyst in a reaction zone thereby catalytically reacting at least a portion of the methanol to form dimethyl ether and water; and fractionating the resulting dimethyl ether and the water to recover a first overheads fraction comprising dimethyl ether and a first bottoms fraction comprising water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for reducing color of a polyglycerol. The process includes the steps of treating said polyglycerol with a first bleaching agent such as bleaching earth and treating said treated polyglycerol with a second bleaching agent such as hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: The present invention further contemplates a process for making a dialkyl ether composition comprising two or more ethers of the formula R1—O—R2. The present invention further contemplates a process for making a dialkyl ether composition starting from a first reaction product comprising 1-butanol. The invention further contemplates a dialkyl ether composition comprising two or more ethers of the formula R1—O—R2, where each R1 and R2 can independently be any carbon chain length, saturated or unsaturated; branched or straight-chain, of between C2 and C10; specifically between C4 and C10; more specifically between C4 and C6; more specifically C6; more specifically 04.

Abstract: A process for the production of dimethyl ether from a methanol reactor effluent is disclosed. The process may include: contacting an aqueous extractant comprising water and an effluent from a methanol synthesis reactor comprising methanol and one or more of methane, water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen. At least a portion of the methanol partitions into the aqueous extractant; recovering an extract fraction comprising the aqueous extractant and methanol. The extract fraction is fed to a catalytic distillation reactor system for concurrently: contacting the methanol with catalyst in a reaction zone thereby catalytically reacting at least a portion of the methanol to form dimethyl ether and water; and fractionating the resulting dimethyl ether and the water to recover a first overheads fraction comprising dimethyl ether and a first bottoms fraction comprising water.

Abstract: A method wherein the separability between a polyether phase and a water phase is improved when a water-soluble compound is extracted and removed from a polyether containing the water-soluble compound with water is provided. The method comprises producing a polyether including a step of extracting and removing a water-soluble compound from a polyether containing the water-soluble compound with water, wherein the step includes at least an operation of separating a water phase from a polyether phase at a temperature of 50° C.

Abstract: A polyether is synthesized by ring opening polymerization of an alkylene oxide with an initiator having at least one hydroxyl group, in the presence of a double metal cyanide complex catalyst, then a powder of an inorganic adsorbent containing at least 50 vol % of fine particles having a particle size of at most 26 ?m and further containing at least 90 vol % of fine particles having a particle size of at most 44 ?m, is added to the crude polyether, and a metal derived from the above double metal cyanide complex catalyst is adsorbed on the powder, followed by separating the powder from the crude polyether.

Abstract: Provided is a process for the production of dimethyl ether. The process improves the effectiveness of the production of dimethyl ether. Especially, the process can be combined with processes for the production of methanol.

Abstract: We provide a method for operating a navigation system for a motor vehicle in a road network, and to a navigation system. To this end, first a zone of the road network is provided with an emissions class-dependent drive-through restriction, wherein the motor vehicle is associated with at least one emissions class. First, information about the geographical location of the zone and about the emissions class at least required there is stored in the navigation system. Then, information about the at least one emissions class of the motor vehicle is entered into the navigation system. Thereafter, the information entered is considered in the destination guidance process, wherein destination guidance into or through the zone is avoided if the at least one emissions class of the motor vehicle is affected by emissions class-dependent drive-through restrictions in the zone.

Abstract: A process and device of coupling separation and purification to produce ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) is provided, wherein ethanol containing 1 wt % to 15 wt % of water, and a mixture containing ETBE and ethanol are fed into the distillation-extraction coupling zone for separation and purification. Said distillation-extraction coupling zone is composed of a distillation column and an extraction column. Said process and device can achieve the cogeneration of ETBE and ethanol, and possesses high commercial values.

Abstract: The present invention fabricates diethylene-glycol tert-butyl ether (DEGtBE) by using isobutylene and diethylene glycol (DEG) coordinated with an acidic cation exchanged resin as catalyst. Through two stages of vacuum distillations, highly selective and pure DEGtBE is produced. Moreover, a byproduct of diethylene-glycol di-tert-butyl ether (DEGDtBE) can be recycled.

Abstract: A process for the production of dimethyl ether from a methanol reactor effluent is disclosed. The process may include: contacting an aqueous extractant comprising water and an effluent from a methanol synthesis reactor comprising methanol and one or more of methane, water, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen. At least a portion of the methanol partitions into the aqueous extractant; recovering an extract fraction comprising the aqueous extractant and methanol. The extract fraction is fed to a catalytic distillation reactor system for concurrently: contacting the methanol with catalyst in a reaction zone thereby catalytically reacting at least a portion of the methanol to form dimethyl ether and water; and fractionating the resulting dimethyl ether and the water to recover a first overheads fraction comprising dimethyl ether and a first bottoms fraction comprising water.

Abstract: An enhanced ether production process from an olefinic cut containing at least one iso-olefin and from an alcohol comprises a stage of removal of the acetonitrile present in the hydrocarbon feed by liquid-liquid extraction, the extraction solvent being a non-aqueous ionic liquid of general formula Q+A?, wherein Q+ is an ammonium, phosphonium and/or sulfonium cation, and A? an anion likely to form a liquid salt with said cation. Advantageously, the method according to the invention generally allows the amount of water at the etherification reactor inlet to be divided by at least two and thus the purity of the ether produced to be improved.

Abstract: A process for producing ethers by reacting alcohols and olefins in successive catalytic stages is disclosed. The process includes alternating catalytic reaction stages and separation stages.

Abstract: A method for producing a glyceryl ether, including the steps of feeding a compound represented by the general formula (I): wherein R is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a part or all of the hydrogen atoms of which may be substituted with a fluorine atom; OA, which may be identical or different, is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; and p is the number of from 0 to 20, and water to a reactor, and subjecting the compound to a hydrolytic reaction under conditions that water is in a subcritical state or a supercritical state; and wherein the method includes the step of (1) collecting water from a reaction mixture after the hydrolytic reaction, adjusting a pH of the water to 3.5 or more, and feeding the collected water to the reactor; or (2) subjecting water collected from a reaction mixture after the hydrolytic reaction to a filtration treatment with a reverse osmosis membrane, and feeding the resulting treated water as a recycled water to the reactor.

Abstract: In the method of producing ditrimethylolpropane of the present invention, the distillation still residue obtained in the production of trimethylolpropane is subjected to crystallizing treatment while strictly regulating the amount of organic solvent to be used, the crystallization temperature and the crystallization time within the specific ranges. With the method of the present invention, a highly pure di-TMP is obtained only by a single operation of the crystallization.

Abstract: The invention is a method of purifying a propylene glycol monoalkyl ether containing carbonyl impurities which comprises contacting the propylene glycol monoalkyl ether stream in the liquid phase with a carbon adsorbent, and recovering a purified propylene glycol monoalkyl ether product. The purification method improves product quality and reduces the amount of carbonyl impurities in the propylene glycol monoalkyl ether.

Abstract: A liquid mixture comprising at least one readily volatile and at least one sparingly volatile component is separated in a film evaporator by a process in which (i) a continuous stream of a liquid starting material mixture is provided, (ii) a liquid film is produced from the continuous stream and is brought into contact with a heat exchange surface of the Mm evaporator, (ii) the liquid film is partly evaporated, a gas stream enriched with the at least one readily volatile component and a liquid stream enriched with the at least one sparingly volatile component being obtained, wherein (iv) the heat exchange surface is coated with a catalytically active material which (v) catalyzes, in the liquid film, a chemical reaction in which at least one readily volatile component is formed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytic process for making dibutyl ethers using a reactant comprising 2-butanol and water. The dibutyl ethers so produced are useful in transportation fuels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for making dibutyl ethers using dry 2-butanol derived from fermentation broth. The dibutyl ethers so produced are useful in transportation fuels.

Abstract: A polyglycerol composition contains diglycerol, triglycerol, and tetraglycerol each in a content of 5 percent by weight or more, has a total content of diglycerol, triglycerol, and tetraglycerol of 75 percent by weight or more, has a total content of higher polyglycerol components of 10 percent by weight or less, the higher polyglycerol components each having a degree of polymerization of 7 or higher, and is substantially free from chlorine atom. A process prepares a polyglycerol composition by reacting glycerol and/or a polyglycerol with glycidol in the presence of an activated carbon catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuously operated process for the purification by distillation of the 1,2-propylene glycol formed as by-product in the synthesis of propylene oxide, wherein the mixture formed in the synthesis which contains the 1,2-propylene glycol is separated in a dividing wall column into low-, intermediate- and high-boiling fractions and the 1,2-propylene glycol is taken off as intermediate boiler at the side offtake of the column.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in qualities which are suitable for organic syntheses and for use as a specialty solvent from MTBE in fuel quality.

Abstract: A process for the etherification of C4, C5 and/or C6 tertiary olefins in a hydrocarbon feed with at least one C1 to C6 alcohol, preferably C1–C4 alcohols in a distillation column reactor, preferably where C4's and C5's ethers are co-produced, in which the amount of alcohol employed in the etherification is below that which will produce an azeotrope with hydrocarbons in the overheads from the distillation column reactor. The azeotrope results from the presence of unreacted alcohol in the reaction system in the distillation column reactor. The amount of alcohol is less than the stoichiometric amount, preferably less than 90%, more preferably 10 to 80%, of the stoichiometric amount and the overheads contain less than a stoichiometric of alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention provides new highly-efficient separation processes and systems for separating polymerization-grade ethylene and propylene from an initial effluent stream comprising ethane, ethylene, propylene, dimethyl ether, and one or more of propane, acetylene, methyl acetylene, propadiene, methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and C4+ components. In one embodiment, the initial effluent stream is provided from a methanol-to-olefin reaction system. It has been discovered that the best separation of these components is realized when DME is selectively removed in a first separation step, followed by separation of the remaining components in additional separation steps.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for removing DME from a stream containing C4 olefins. The process includes providing a first stream comprising C4 olefins, C5+ hydrocarbons, DME, and methanol. The first stream is separated into a second stream comprising the C4 olefins and the DME and a third stream comprising the C5+ hydrocarbons and the methanol. The second stream is directed to a DME absorption unit, wherein the second stream contacts water under conditions effective to separate the C4 olefins from the DME. Also disclosed is a process including contacting the first stream with water in a methanol removal unit under conditions effective to separate remove the methanol therefrom; distilling the methanol-depleted stream to remove C5+ hydrocarbon components, and contacting the stream with water in a DME removal unit under conditions effective to form an overhead stream comprising the C4 olefins and a bottoms stream comprising the DME.

Abstract: The present invention relates to purification of an MTBE process stream by contact in the liquid phase with a large pore zeolite such as 13X or Zeolite Y.

Abstract: The present invention is a separation process for producing a methanol, ethanol and/or dimethyl ether stream from a first stream containing C3+ hydrocarbons. The first stream comprises C3+ hydrocarbons, methanol, ethanol and/or dimethyl ether. The process comprises the step of passing the first stream through an adsorbent bed having a crystalline microporous material that preferentially adsorbs methanol, ethanol and/or dimethyl ether over the C3+ hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing oligomeric aliphatic diols, polycarbonatediols based thereon and NCO-terminated prepolymers obtainable therefrom. The inventive compounds may find use in the preparation of polyurethanes.

Abstract: A method for forming multiple tripropylene glycol products of acrylate grade comprising forming a composition of dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, tetrapropylene glycol and heavier, and at least one aldehyde, separating from said composition tripropylene glycol containing aldehyde, mixing with the thus separated tripropylene that contains aldehyde an aldehyde controlling additive to form a first individual tripropylene glycol product that contains glycol controlling additive and has an aldehyde content below that required for acrylate grade tripropylene glycol, separating from the remainder of the composition a tripropylene glycol concentrate, adding an aldehyde controlling additive to the concentrate, and separating from the concentrate a second individual tripropylene product that has an aldehyde content below that required for acrylate grade tripropylene glycol and is free of aldehyde controlling additive.

Abstract: Dimethyl ether is obtained with at low cost by transporting methanol under room temperature and atmospheric pressure from the methanol producing district to the dimethyl ether consuming district or its neighboring district by converting the raw material containing the transported methanol into dimethyl ether in the consuming district or its neighboring district.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing dimethylether from methanol using a membrane reactor, more particularly to a method for preparing dimethylether from methanol using a membrane capable of carrying out a reaction and a separation at the same time while preparing dimethylether from methanol. Because water vapor generated by dehydration of methanol can be selectively removed from the catalytic reaction zone, decrease in catalytic activity can be prevented and thus life span of a catalyst can be extended. Further, reaction efficiency can be improved even at a temperature milder than the conventional one for dimethylether preparation, and also additional steps of separation and purification after completion of the reaction is no longer necessary.

Abstract: The present invention provides new highly-efficient separation processes and systems for separating polymerization-grade ethylene and propylene from an initial effluent stream comprising ethane, ethylene, propylene, dimethyl ether, and one or more of propane, acetylene, methyl acetylene, propadiene, methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and C4+ components. In one embodiment, the initial effluent stream is provided from a methanol-to-olefin reaction system. It has been discovered that the best separation of these components is realized when DME is selectively removed in a first separation step, followed by separation of the remaining components in additional separation steps.

Abstract: The present invention relates to purification of an MTBE process stream by contact in the liquid phase with a large pore zeolite such as 13X or Zeolite Y.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for removing DME from a stream containing C4 olefins. The process includes providing a first stream comprising C4 olefins, C5+ hydrocarbons, DME, and methanol. The first stream is separated into a second stream comprising the C4 olefins and the DME and a third stream comprising the C5+ hydrocarbons and the methanol. The second stream is directed to a DME absorption unit, wherein the second stream contacts water under conditions effective to separate the C4 olefins from the DME. Also disclosed is a process including contacting the first stream with water in a methanol removal unit under conditions effective to separate remove the methanol therefrom; distilling the methanol-depleted stream to remove C5+ hydrocarbon components, and contacting the stream with water in a DME removal unit under conditions effective to form an overhead stream comprising the C4 olefins and a bottoms stream comprising the DME.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for isolation of a barely volatile organic compound in a sample suspected to contain the same, e.g. a dioxin, which includes continuously adding superheated steam and a volatile and hardly water-soluble/water-insoluble solvent to a liquid or solid sample suspected to contain said organic compound to be isolated, a solid sample being dissolved in said solvent which can dissolve said organic compound to be isolated, distilling off an azeotropic mixture of said organic compound and said solvent by steam distillation, separating a solvent phase of said solvent dissolving said organic compound and said water phase, and recovering quantitatively said organic compound from said solvent. The dioxins are then further subjected to analysis, for example, GC, HRGC-MS and the like.