Abstract: Precipitations of nitrohydroxyaromatic salts out of the nitrated crude products obtained in the nitration of aromatic compounds after alkaline scrubbing, for example mononitrotoluenes, are prevented by contacting the nitrated crude products with an acidic ion exchanger. The nitrated crude products are preferably selected from a feedstream to a distillation column, a bottoms circulation stream of a distillation column and a feedstream to a vaporizer.

Abstract: The invention relates to the salts of styphnic acid, to methods for producing the same and to their use.

Abstract: Methods of nitrating compounds, such as phloroglucinol or a methoxy derivative thereof, are disclosed. For example, a reaction mixture may be formed by combining sulfuric acid and at least one nitrate salt. A nitratable aromatic compound, such as phloroglucinol or a methoxy derivative thereof, may then be exposed to the reaction mixture to nitrate the phloroglucinol or methoxy derivative thereof.

Abstract: An environmentally friendly picric acid explosive comprising, providing a nitromalondialdehyde, providing a dinitroketone, reacting the nitromalondialdehydes with the dinitroketone to produce a mixture, and subjecting the mixture to a cyclodehydrative mechanism to produce environmentally friendly picric acid explosive. Embodiments of the present invention include the picric acid explosive produced by the methods of described above.

Abstract: The invention relates to the salts of styphnic acid, to methods for producing the same and to their use.

Abstract: A method to convert surplus nitroarene explosives into trinitrophloroglucinol and triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) is described. Picric acid is directly aminated to diaminopicric acid, which is converted to trinitrophloroglucinol and triaminotrinitrobenzene.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobiphenyl from 4-hydroxy-biphenyl by nitrating in the position adjacent to the phenolic hydroxyl group in high selectivity and yield, and the nitric acid used as the nitrating reagent is metered into the reaction system in a specific manner.

Abstract: Picric acid, namely, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, is readily and effectively prepared by nitrating o-nitrophenol and/or p-nitrophenol into at least one dinitrophenol in a nitric acid medium of reaction, characteristically essentially consisting of nitric acid or immixture thereof with a strong co-acid, the at least one dinitrophenol remaining soluble in the medium of reaction, and therein completing nitration of the at least one dinitrophenol and precipitating picric acid therefrom.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of a picrate salt, preferably ammonium pricrate, to picric acid by acidifying the picrate salt in a two phase liquid system. One phase is an aqueous phase which contains an acid which is effective for acidifying ammonium picrate to picric acid and the other phase is an organic solvent phase in which the picric acid is soluble.

Abstract: 4,6-Dinitroresorcinol is prepared by reacting resorcinol with concentrated nitric acid that is substantially free of suboxides of nitric acid. It has been found that greater than 60 percent yields of the desired product can be obtained when the concentration of aqueous nitric acid used is between about 80 and about 93 weight percent, and the concentration of suboxides is less than about 2 weight percent based on the weight of nitric acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a generally applicable process for the hydroxylation of electrophilic aromatic compounds, according to which the electrophilic aromatic compounds are reacted with organic hydroperoxides in the presence of bases.

Abstract: Low valent transition metal complexes containing small cone angle phosphine or arsine ligands efficiently catalyze addition of aldehydes to compounds or groups having a C--H bond activated by a nitro or nitrile group, to provide nitroalcohols or cyanohydrins, respectively.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 6-chloro-2,4-dinitrophenol in a high yield and in a high degree of purity by saponifying 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene and/or 2,4-dinitrophenyl alkyl ethers of the formula ##STR1## in which m denotes the number 2, 3 or 4 and n denotes the number 1 or 2, by means of aqueous sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution and chlorinating the resulting 2,4-dinitrophenol with sodium hypochlorite, which comprises chlorinating the 2,4-dinitrophenol, without prior isolation as an intermediate, in aqueous suspension at a pH value of 3.5-7 by means of chlorine bleach liquor at temperatures of 5.degree. to 20.degree. C.

Abstract: 4-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)phenols are prepared by reacting a 1,3-dinitrobenzene having a replaceable hydrogen in the 4-position with a phenol having a replaceable hydrogen in the 4-position in an inert solvent and in the presence of a strong base. The 1,3-dinitrobenzene and phenol may be substituted or unsubstituted, and preferred phenols include phenol and 2,6-dialkylphenols.

Abstract: Dinitro alkyl phenols are produced free of tar when the precursor orthoalkylphenol is contacted with a molecular sieve prior to sulfonation, nitration, and air drying. The dinitro alkylphenols produced are free of tars or similar resins and avoid processing problems that are shown in impure prior art products.

Abstract: A one pot process for the preparation of trinitrophloroglucinol by the addition of a nitric acid and sulfuric acid mixture to phloroglucinol in sulfuric acid where the nitric acid and phloroglucinol are present in stoichiometric amounts.

Abstract: There is described an essentially two step process for the preparation of benzylalcohols including those benzylalcohols having substituents on the benzyene ring by reaction of a substituted or unsubstituted benzyl halide with a formate typically an alkali or alkaline earth metal formate to form the corresponding substituted or unsubstituted benzyl formate. In the second step of the process the benzyl formate is contacted with an alcohol whereby the same is converted into the desired benzylalcohol. Both steps can be performed employing catalysts. Described in the specification is the realization of the desired product in exceptionally high yields in a short period of time whereby the process is characterized by high space-time yields.

Abstract: Novel 9-phenyl 5,6-dimethyl-nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid, tetraenal or tetraenol derivatives useful as anti-tumor agents.