Abstract: A cyclic compound having a molecular weight of 500 to 5000 is represented by the following formula (1), wherein at least one of R0 is a monovalent group containing an iodine atom. Also disclosed are a method for producing the cyclic compound, a composition containing the cyclic compound, and a method for forming a resist pattern using the composition.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive composition containing a resist compound having a high sensitivity, a high resolution, a high etching resistance, and a low outgas which forms a resist pattern with good shape and a method of forming a resist pattern and novel compositions for forming a photoresist under coat film which is excellent in optical properties and etching resistance and contains substantially no sublimable substance and an under coat film formed by the composition. Radiation-sensitive composition containing a solvent and a cyclic compound having, e.g., a cyclic compound (A) having a molecular weight of 700 to 5000 which is synthesized by the condensation reaction of a compound having 2 to 59 carbon atoms and 1 to 4 formyl groups with a compound having 6 to 15 carbon atoms and 1 to 3 phenolic hydroxyl groups, and a cyclic compound for use in the radiation-sensitive composition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel di-aromatic compounds of the general formula (I). Also pharmaceutical compositions comprising the novel compounds and the use of the novel compounds in treatment and prevention of diseases and disorders related to estrogen receptors are disclosed. Furthermore, methods for treating and preventing diseases and disorders related to estrogen receptors by administration of the novel compounds are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are a complex prepared from ammonium salt-containing ligands and having such an equilibrium structural formula that the metal center takes a negative charge of 2 or higher, and a method for preparing polycarbonate via copolymerization of an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide using the complex as a catalyst. When the complex is used as a catalyst for copolymerizing an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide, it shows high activity and high selectivity and provides high-molecular weight polycarbonate, and thus easily applicable to commercial processes. In addition, after forming polycarbonate via carbon dioxide/epoxide copolymerization using the complex as a catalyst, the catalyst may be separately recovered from the copolymer.

Abstract: Glucopyranosyl-substituted benzene derivatives of general formula I where the groups R1 to R6 as well as R7a, R7b, R7c are defined herein and the tautomers, the stereoisomers thereof, the mixtures thereof and the salts thereof. The compounds according to the invention are suitable for the treatment of metabolic disorders.

Abstract: The invention encompasses pharmaceutical formulations for the prevention and treatment of Wolbachia-related disease wherein the formulations comprise a compound previously unknown and unused for such a purpose, the compound being one or more of: Pararosaniline Pamoate, Pyrvinium Pamoate, Clofoctol, and Isoreserpine, derivatives, metabolites, precursors, pro-drugs and variants thereof.

Abstract: A process for preparation of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is disclosed. The process involves subjecting a compound of formula II to Ullmann-type conditions to effect an intra-molecular ring closure reaction to form the compound of formula I. The different substituents are as described in the specification. Further, the process can provide an alternate route for the synthesis of asenapine from starting materials that can be readily available.

Abstract: Provided are methods of making compounds having an inhibitory effect on sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT. The invention also provides synthetic intermediates useful for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: Provided are a complex prepared from ammonium salt-containing ligands and having such an equilibrium structural formula that the metal center takes a negative charge of 2 or higher, and a method for preparing polycarbonate via copolymerization of an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide using the complex as a catalyst. When the complex is used as a catalyst for copolymerizing an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide, it shows high activity and high selectivity and provides high-molecular weight polycarbonate, and thus easily applicable to commercial processes. In addition, after forming polycarbonate via carbon dioxide/epoxide copolymerization using the complex as a catalyst, the catalyst may be separately recovered from the copolymer.

Abstract: Glucopyranosyl-substituted benzene derivatives of general formula I where the groups R1 to R6 as well as R7a, R7b, R7c are defined herein and the tautomers, the stereoisomers thereof, the mixtures thereof and the salts thereof. The compounds according to the invention are suitable for the treatment of metabolic disorders.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for producing a mixture of amorphous compounds, the method comprising supplying a solution containing the compounds; and allowing at least a portion of the solvent of the solution to evaporate while preventing the solute of the solution from contacting a nucleation point. Also provided is a method for transforming solids to amorphous material, the method comprising heating the solids in an environment to form a melt, wherein the environment contains no nucleation points; and cooling the melt in the environment.

Abstract: Provided are a complex prepared from ammonium salt-containing ligands and having such an equilibrium structural formula that the metal center takes a negative charge of 2 or higher, and a method for preparing polycarbonate via copolymerization of an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide using the complex as a catalyst. When the complex is used as a catalyst for copolymerizing an epoxide compound and carbon dioxide, it shows high activity and high selectivity and provides high-molecular weight polycarbonate, and thus easily applicable to commercial processes. In addition, after forming polycarbonate via carbon dioxide/epoxide copolymerization using the complex as a catalyst, the catalyst may be separately recovered from the copolymer.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of phenolic monoesters of 2-(3-diisopropylamino-1-phenylpropyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)phenol by converting (±)6-halo-4-phenylchroman-2-one to (±)4-halo-2-(3-hydroxy-1-phenylpropyl)phenol. The two hydroxyl groups are protected and the protected compound is reacted with diisopropylamine to give (±)[3-(2-benzyloxy-5-halophenyl)-3-phenylpropyl]diisopropylamine. The halo substituent on the benzene ring is converted to corresponding benzyl alcohol and then the protection is removed to give racemic 5-HMT. Racemic 5-HMT is converted R enantiomer and then it is esterified.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of asenapine, i.e. trans-5-chloro-2-methyl-2,3,3a,12b-tetrahydro-1H-dibenz[2,3:6,7]oxepino[4,5-c]pyrrole, as well as to novel intermediate products for use in said process.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for preparation of fispemifene by use of ospemifene as a starting material.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing a biaryl compound of formula (I): 1

Abstract: This invention relates to 1,2-di(4-hydroxyaryl)tetrafluoroethanes of the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: The present invention seeks to provide novel tetraarylethylene compounds which are substituted on the aryl rings ortho to the ethylenic carbon atoms and processes for the preparation for such compounds. The compounds have potential use as molecular templates.

Abstract: The production of cis-dihydrodiol compounds of the formula ##STR1## where n is 0 or 1 (preferably 0) by the microbial oxidation of a diphenylaceylene compound of the formula ##STR2## using a mutant of a Pseudomonas bacteria at 25.degree. to 35.degree. C. and pH 6-8 is disclosed. The cis-dihydrodiol compound is in turn treated with an aqueous solution of a base to produce a corresponding 3-hydroxydiphenylacetylene compound or with an aqueous solution of an acid to produce a corresponding 2-hydroxyacetylene compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of p-substituted o-benzylphenols by reaction of p-substituted phenols with optionally substituted benzyl halides, benzyl esters, benzyl alcohols or benzyl ethers in the presence of an acid catalyst at elevated temperature in a distillation column.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## can be prepared by various process steps from 2-(4-methylphenyl)-2-hexafluoroisopropanol.Hexafluoroisopropyl-containing monomers are important starting compounds in the preparation of linear polycarboxamides and polycarboximides.

Abstract: Para-substituted o-benzylphenols are prepared by reacting p-substituted phenols with benzylating agents in the presence of zeolites of the faujasite type at elevated temperature.

Abstract: Cyclohexane derivatives of formula I ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl group which has 1-12 C atoms and in which one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups can also be replaced by O, --CO--O-- or --OCO--,A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 each independently of one another are trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or unsubstituted or fluorine-substituted 1,4-phenylene, and one of the groups A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 can also be a single bond,X is --CN, halogen, OH, --COOR.sup.1, --OOCR.sup.1, --COR.sup.1, --OR.sup.1 or R.sup.1 andR.sup.1 is an alkyl group which has 1-12 C atoms and in which one or two CH.sub.2 groups can also be replaced by O, but excluding direct links between two O atoms,with the proviso that, in the case of X=CN, A.sup.2 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or fluorine-substituted, 1,4-phenylene, are suitable as components of liquid-crystalline phases.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing a tri-substituted phenyl compound (I) by using a 1,2-addition followed by a 1,4-addition to 1,4-benzoquinone (II): ##STR1## wherein X is hydroxy, alkoxy or alkanoyloxy, Ar.sup.1 is an organic group and R is an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group.

Abstract: Prepare novel ring-brominated derivatives of tetraalkyl dihydroxy diaromatic compounds, e.g. 4,4'-(1,2-ethanediyl)bis(3,5-dibromo-2,6-dimethyl-phenol).

Abstract: Substituted cinnamyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans and analogs were prepared from the nucleophlic substitution of a cinnamylhalide with a 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran anion or an analog thereof. These compounds were found to be potent topical anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: A method is provided for the production of antimicrobially effective phenol derivatives according to general Formula I in which R.sub.1 is bromine or chlorine, R.sub.2 is methyl or ethyl, R.sub.3 is hydrogen or sodium, potassium, ammonium or by alkyl with up to 10 C-atoms substituted ammonium, magnesium, calcium, barium, aluminum, tin, bismuth, copper, zinc, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are independently hydrogen, alkyl or alkoxy with up to 5 C-atoms, bromine or chlorine. The compounds are obtained by benzylation of 6-halogen- or 4-halogen-2-alkylphenol, halogenation of 2-alkyl-4-benzylphenol or -6-benzylphenol, or by alkylation of 6-halogen-4-benzylphenol or of 4-halogen-6-benzylphenol and if necessary through reaction of the product with hydroxide, alcoholate, carbonate or hydrogen carbonate of the above-mentioned metals. Water or lipid soluble effective substances are obtained which display a broad antimicrobial activity spectrum.

Abstract: The invention relates to new resorcin derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent hydrogen, halogen, trihalomethyl, alkyl having from one to 3 carbon atoms or alkoxy having from one to 3 carbon atoms.According to another aspect of the invention there are provided processes for the preparation of these compounds.The compounds of the formula (I) are pharmacologically active. In particular, they are suitable for the treatment of acute ethanolic intoxication. Pharmaceutical compositions containing them as active ingredient are also within the scope of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to new 4-hydroxy-benzhydrols of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent hydrogen, halogen, trihalomethyl, alkyl having from one to 4 carbon atoms or alkoxy having from one to 4 carbon atoms, with the proviso that if R.sub.1 is hydrogen, R.sub.2 is other than hydrogen or a 3-trifluoromethyl group, or if R.sub.1 is a 2-methyl group, R.sub.2 is other than a 5-methyl group.According to another aspect of the invention there are provided processes for the preparation of these compounds.The compounds of the formula (I) are pharmacologically active. In particular, they are suitable for the treatment of acute ethanolic intoxication. Pharmaceutical compositions containing them as active ingredients are also within the scope of the invention.

Abstract: Meta-chlorophenols useful as intermediates in various organic syntheses are prepared by selectively catalytically hydrodechlorinating a polychlorophenol in liquid phase in an acid solvent medium which is at least partially aqueous and which comprises halide ions, in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal catalyst, said polychlorophenol bearing chlorine substituents in both the meta- and ortho- and/or para-positions.

Abstract: Meta-chlorophenols useful as intermediates in various organic syntheses are prepared by selectively catalytically hydrodechlorinating a polychlorophenol in liquid phase in an acid solvent medium which is at least partially aqueous, in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal catalyst and at least one Group 1b to 5a heavy metal, said polychlorophenol bearing chlorine substituents in both the meta- and ortho- and/or para-positions.

Abstract: Cycloalkanones, cycloalkanols and unsaturated analogs thereof, each of which has at the 3-position a 2-hydroxy-4-substituted phenyl group wherein the 4-position substituent is alkyl which can have an oxygen atom as part of the chain, or aralkyl which can have an oxygen atom as part of the alkyl chain, their use for pharmacological and medicinal purposes, intermediates therefor and processes for their preparation.

Abstract: An intermediate useful in the production of liquid crystal esters has a molecular structure ##STR1## in which of the groups R' and R" one is fluorine and the other is hydrogen, and in which R is an alkyl group having more than one carbon atom, an aryl substituted alkyl group or a cyclohexyl substituted alkyl group.These compounds may be prepared from the corresponding alkoxy compounds ##STR2## where R'" is a protective alkyl group such as methyl. These compounds may be used in the production of liquid crystal esters by a conventional esterification with carboxylic acids, or acid derivative, eg chloride, eg containing the radical ##STR3## where X is an alkyl group and ##STR4## is a benzene or cyclohexane ring.

Abstract: Novel o-benzylphenols as well as a process for their production, a method for combating harmful microorganisms and compositions comprising said o-benzylphenols are provided.

Abstract: Novel mesomorphic substances, constituting, in certain temperature ranges, nematic or smectic liquid crystals which are compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl or alkoxy group containing 1 to 10 atoms of carbon;R.sub.2 is Br, CN or an alkyl (or an alkoxy) group containing 1 to 10 atoms of carbon.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for use in the practice of animal husbandry which comprises the oral administration to non-ruminant animals of an iodonium salt. Solid or liquid compositions of said iodonium salts for use in the said method are also disclosed. Certain of the iodonium sats used in the said method are novel compounds.