Abstract: A method for the preparation of an eggshell catalyst is described comprising the steps of i) immersing shaped units of an oxidic support having a smallest unit dimension ?0.5 mm in a solution of cobalt ammine carbonate, ii) heating the solution to a temperature between 60 and 120° C. to precipitate cobalt compounds onto the surface of the shaped units, iii) separating the resulting supported cobalt compounds from the remaining solution, and iv) drying the supported cobalt compounds. The cobalt compounds may be reduced to provide catalysts suitable for the hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds or the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Provide that a useful catalyst for homogeneous hydrogenation, particularly a catalyst for homogeneous asymmetric hydrogenation for hydrogenation, particularly asymmetric hydrogenation, which is obtainable with comparative ease and is excellent in economically and workability, and a process for producing a hydrogenated compound of an unsaturated compound, particularly an optically active compound using said catalyst with a high yield and optical purity.

Abstract: Provide that a useful catalyst for homogeneous hydrogenation, particularly a catalyst for homogeneous asymmetric hydrogenation for hydrogenation, particularly asymmetric hydrogenation, which is obtainable with comparative ease and is excellent in economically and workability, and a process for producing a hydrogenated compound of an unsaturated compound, particularly an optically active compound using said catalyst with a high yield and optical purity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing at least one decanol by means of hydrogenating at least one decenal, wherein a first hydrogenation is carried out in the liquid phase on a solid first catalyst, wherein the first catalyst contains copper and nickel. The aim of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned above, according to which decenals can be hydrogenated into decanols in high yields even after long operating periods. The content of non-reacted decenals in the hydrogenation discharge in particular should be less than 1500 ppm. Said aim is achieved by carrying out the hydrogenation in two steps, which is to say in a first step in a known manner using a catalyst comprising copper, nickel and optionally chromium and/or barium oxide, and subsequently in a second step using a different catalyst that must be free of copper, chromium and nickel.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for forming an ethanol mixture by hydrogenating an acetaldehyde feed stream in the presence of a catalyst. The acetaldehyde feed stream comprises acetaldehyde and at least one of acetic acid and ethanol. Preferably the acetaldehyde feed stream is a by-product stream from a vinyl acetate synthesis process.

Abstract: A method for synthesis of secondary alcohols is provided for pharmaceutical secondary alcohol by addition of organoboronic acids with aldehydes in presence of the cobalt ion and bidentate ligands as the catalyst. In addition, an enantioselective synthesis method for secondary alcohols is also herein provided in the present invention. The present invention has advantages in using less expensive cobalt ion and commercially available chiral ligands as the catalyst, wide scope of organoboronic acids and aldehydes compatible with this catalytic reaction and achieving excellent yields and/or enantiomeric excess.

Abstract: A catalyst for hydrogenating aldehydes to alcohols includes a combination of copper oxide and zinc oxide and promoters including one or more alkaline earth metal promoters and/or one or more transition metal promoters. The promoters may be combined with copper oxide and zinc oxide after formation of a copper/zinc precursor material.

Abstract: Methods and systems for hydrogenating an aldehyde or a ketone, including introducing a gas stream comprising hydrogen into a high shear device comprising a rotor and a stator; introducing a liquid stream comprising an aldehyde or ketone into the high shear device; forming a dispersion of the gas stream and the liquid stream in the high shear device; and hydrogenating at least a portion of the aldehyde or ketone in the dispersion.

Abstract: A process is described for producing an alcohol product, in which (a) a first feed composition comprising acetic acid is converted to a product comprising acetone; and (b) a second feed composition comprising at least part of the acetone produced in (a) is hydrogenated in the presence of a catalyst to produce a hydrogenation effluent comprising isopropanol.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for forming an ethanol mixture by hydrogenating an acetaldehyde feed stream in the presence of a catalyst. The acetaldehyde feed stream comprises acetaldehyde and at least one of acetic acid and ethanol. Preferably the acetaldehyde feed stream is a by-product stream from a vinyl acetate synthesis process.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for forming an ethanol mixture by hydrogenating an acetaldehyde feed stream in the presence of a catalyst. The acetaldehyde feed stream comprises acetaldehyde and at least one of acetic acid and ethanol. Preferably the acetaldehyde feed stream is a by-product stream from a vinyl acetate synthesis process.

Abstract: Efficient and recyclable heterogeneous nanocatalysts and methods of synthesizing and using the same are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides processes for producing 2-propanol with higher purity than heretofore possible while suppressing the by-production of impurities. A process of the invention produces 2-propanol by reacting acetone with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein the process includes reacting a raw material mixture containing water and acetone, with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, and the raw material mixture contains water at 1.2 to 4.0 wt % based on 100 wt % of the total of the water and the acetone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing at least one decanol by means of hydrogenating at least one decenal, wherein a first hydrogenation is carried out in the liquid phase on a solid first catalyst, wherein the first catalyst contains copper and nickel. The aim of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned above, according to which decenals can be hydrogenated into decanols in high yields even after long operating periods. The content of non-reacted decenals in the hydrogenation discharge in particular should be less than 1500 ppm. Said aim is achieved by carrying out the hydrogenation in two steps, which is to say in a first step in a known manner using a catalyst comprising copper, nickel and optionally chromium and/or barium oxide, and subsequently in a second step using a different catalyst that must be free of copper, chromium and nickel.

Abstract: Isopropyl alcohol is a very useful chemical that is widely used in the industry as a solvent. Economical and easy process to make ispopropyl alcohol using novel composite catalyst is described in the instant application. Production of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) from dimehtyl ketone (DMK) and hydrogen (H2) in gas-phase using a ruthenium nano-particle-supported on activated charcoal/nano-zinc oxide composite catalyst is described. Gas phase production of isopropyl alcohol using DMK and hydrogen is also described using optimal time on stream, temperature, catalyst ratio and DMK/H2 ratio. Ruthenium nano-zinc oxide composite catalyst is formulated using different ratios of ruthenium activated charcoal and n-ZnO is described. CAT-IV is shown to be the best performer for the efficient production of isopropyl alcohol.

Abstract: This invention relates to a metathesis catalyst comprising (i) a Group 8 metal hydride-dihydrogen complex represented by the formula: wherein M is a Group 8 metal; X is an anionic ligand; and L1 and L2 are neutral donor ligands; and (ii) a ligand exchange agent represented by the formula J-Y, wherein J is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a C1 to C30 hydrocarbyl, and a C1 to C30 substituted hydrocarbyl; and Y is selected from the group consisting of halides, alkoxides, aryloxides, and alkyl sulfonates.

Abstract: Methods and systems for hydrogenating an aldehyde or a ketone, including introducing a gas stream comprising hydrogen into a high shear device comprising a rotor and a stator; introducing a liquid stream comprising an aldehyde or ketone into the high shear device; forming a dispersion of the gas stream and the liquid stream in the high shear device; and hydrogenating at least a portion of the aldehyde or ketone in the dispersion.

Abstract: MIBC and/or a mixture of IBHK and TMN is produced from MIBK by a process comprising the step of contacting MIBK with hydrogen under condensation/hydrogenation/dehydration reactive conditions and in the presence of a catalytic amount of a Cu-based condensation/hydrogenation/dehydration catalyst. The relative amounts of MIBC and the mixture of IBHK and TMN are controlled by the reaction temperature, a lower temperature, e.g., 130 C., favoring MIBC alone, and a higher temperature, e.g., 200 C., favoring a mixture of MIBC and IBHK plus TMN.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a dual-catalysis system for direct conversion of olefins to alcohols. The cooperative catalytic system contains one oxidizing catalyst and one transfer-hydrogenation catalyst. A wide variety of olefins, including aromatic and aliphatic olefins, can be used as the reactant. The transformation proceeds with anti-Markovnikov selectivity, and in some aspects provides primary alcohols as major products. The disclosure further provides a system for oxidation of olefins with anti-Markovnikov selectivity.

Abstract: Methods and systems for the hydrogenation of aldehydes and/or ketones are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote dispersion and solubility of the hydrogen-containing gas (e.g. H2 gas) in the aldehydes and/or ketones. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce hydrogenation time with existing catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the manufacture of 3,7-dimethyl-1-octen-3-ol comprising the following steps: a) hydrogenation of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-on to 6-methyl-2-heptanon in the presence of hydrogen and a palladium containing catalyst on a carrier selected from the group consisting of carbon, calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide. b) reaction of 6-methyl-2-heptanon with acetylene to 3,7-dimethyl-1-octin-3-ol in the presence of ammonia and potassium hydroxide and in the absence of any additional organic solvent; c) hydrogenation of 3,7-dimethyl-1-octin-3-ol to 3,7-dimethyl-1-octen-3-ol in the presence of hydrogen and a palladium containing catalyst on a carrier selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, silica, porous glass, carbon or graphite, and barium sulphate, with the proviso that the catalyst additionally contains lead when the carrier is calcium carbonate.

Abstract: A process for converting a sugar, sugar alcohol, or glycerol to a valuable chemical is described. The process may use a support comprising zirconium oxide promoted by a polyacid or promoter material. A catalytically active metal may be impregnated on the polyacid-promoted zirconium oxide support and the catalyst may then be introduced the sugar, sugar alcohol, or glycerol a source of hydrogen under reaction conditions. At least 40 wt % of the sugar, sugar alcohol or glycerol may be converted to a polyol and/or a shorter carbon-chain alcohol that may include at least one of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, glycerin, methanol, ethanol, propanol and butandiols. Specific processes for converting glycerin having a selectivity for propylene glycol and for converting sorbitol with a selectivity for propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and/or glycerin are also described.

Abstract: The invention provides processes for producing 2-propanol with higher purity than heretofore possible while suppressing the by-production of impurities. A process of the invention produces 2-propanol by reacting acetone with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein the process includes reacting a raw material mixture containing water and acetone, with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, and the raw material mixture contains water at 1.2 to 4.0 wt % based on 100 wt % of the total of the water and the acetone.

Abstract: Methods and systems for the hydrogenation of aldehydes and/or ketones are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote dispersion and solubility of the hydrogen-containing gas (e.g. H2 gas) in the aldehydes and/or ketones. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce hydrogenation time with existing catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the production of nanocrystalline nickel oxides as well as the nickel oxides produced by the method according to the invention and the use thereof as catalyst following reduction to nickel metal, in particular for hydrogenation reactions.

Abstract: Methods and systems for the hydrogenation of aldehydes and/or ketones are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote dispersion and solubility of the hydrogen-containing gas (e.g. H2 gas) in the aldehydes and/or ketones. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce hydrogenation time with existing catalysts.

Abstract: Provide that a useful catalyst for homogeneous hydrogenation, particularly a catalyst for homogeneous asymmetric hydrogenation for hydrogenation, particularly asymmetric hydrogenation, which is obtainable with comparative ease and is excellent in economically and workability, and a process for producing a hydrogenated compound of an unsaturated compound, particularly an optically active compound using said catalyst with a high yield and optical purity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydrogenation catalyst which comprises a support material and at least one hydrogenation-active metal and in which the support material is based on titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, aluminium oxide, silicon oxide or mixed oxides thereof and the hydrogenation-active metal is at least one element from the group consisting of copper, cobalt, nickel, chromium, wherein the support material contains the element barium. The invention further relates to a process for preparing alcohols by hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds, in which the hydrogenation is carried out in the presence of such a hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the co-production of unsaturated aldehydes via a crossed-aldol condensation reaction catalyzed by recyclable water-soluble phase-transfer catalysts or the hydroxides thereof. The aldehydes are then hydrogenated to the desired alcohol products or saturated aldehyde feed stocks. Specifically, methods in which 2,4-diethyloctanol is co-produced with 2-ethylhexanol in batch and continuous processes are described. Recovery of the phase-transfer catalyst through water washing followed by “salting out” from the washings is also demonstrated.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and apparatus for selectively producing ethanol from syngas. As disclosed herein, syngas derived from cellulosic biomass (or other sources) can be catalytically converted into methanol, which in turn can be catalytically converted into acetic acid or acetates. Finally, the acetic acid or acetates can be reduced to ethanol according to several variations. In some embodiments, yields of ethanol from biomass can exceed 100 gallons per dry ton of biomass.

Abstract: Alcohols are prepared from aldehydes employing a bifunctional catalyst; the aldehydes are first condensed and the products of condensation thereof are then converted into alcohols by hydrogenation.

Abstract: Processes of the invention provide alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol with high purity and little by-product impurities by reacting a ketone such as acetone and hydrogen. The process for producing alcohols includes catalytically hydrogenating a ketone in the presence of a catalyst into an alcohol, and the catalyst is an acid-treated Raney catalyst obtained by contact-treating a Raney catalyst with an acid.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method of performing a stereoselective reaction without use of a solvent comprising contacting a reactant with a chiral reagent under sonication conditions to form an excess of an enantiomer.

Abstract: MIBC and/or a mixture of IBHK and TMN is produced from MIBK by a process comprising the step of contacting MIBK with hydrogen under condensation/hydrogenation/dehydration reactive conditions and in the presence of a catalytic amount of a Cu-based condensation/hydrogenation/dehydration catalyst. The relative amounts of MIBC and the mixture of IBHK and TMN are controlled by the reaction temperature, a lower temperature, e.g., 130 C, favoring MIBC alone, and a higher temperature, e.g., 200 C, favoring a mixture of MIBC and IBHK plus TMN.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of a glycol via tandem self condensation of formaldehyde via formoin condensation and transfer hydrogenation of the reaction products of the formoin condensation. In some aspects, synthetic processes of the present invention utilize a combination of a N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst and a transition metal hydrogen-transfer catalyst providing enhanced selectivity and increased yields for the production of ethylene glycol relative to conventional synthetic approaches based on formoin condensation.

Abstract: Process for the conversion of hydrocarbons to ethanol and optionally acetic acid by converting hydrocarbon in a syngas reactor into a stream A comprising a mixture of carbon oxide(s) and hydrogen preferably having a H2/CO molar ratio between 1.5 and 2.5, converting at least part of stream A in the presence of a particulate catalyst in a reactor under a temperature between 150 and 400° C. and a pressure of 5 to 200 bar, into a C2-oxygenates stream B, where stream B includes water, alkanes, ethanol, acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate and acetic acid, which together represent least 80% by weight of the products obtained from the C2-oxygenates conversion reactor. The C2-oxygenates stream B is separated into a stream C comprising H2, CO, CO2 and alkanes, and a stream D including 15 to 40 wt % of acetic acid, 10 to 40 wt % of acetaldehyde and 15 to 40 wt % of ethanol.

Abstract: Disclosed are iron ligand catalysts for selective hydrogenation of aldehydes, ketones and imines. A catalyst such as dicarbonyl iron hydride hydroxycyclopentadiene) complex uses the OH on the five member ring and hydrogen linked to the iron to facilitate hydrogenation reactions, particularly in the presence of hydrogen gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of iso-propanol by liquid phase hydrogenation of acetone to iso-propanol in at least two hydrogenation reaction stages, each reaction stage comprising a hydrogenation reaction zone, wherein the hydrogenation reaction product leaving the reaction zone of the first reaction stage contains unreacted acetone and a product stream comprising acetone and iso-propanol is transferred to the reaction zone of a subsequent reaction stage said product stream having at the inlet to the reaction zone of said subsequent reaction stage a temperature of 60 to 100° C., wherein the temperature of the product stream leaving the reaction zone of said subsequent reaction stage at the outlet from said reaction zone is at most 40° C. higher than the temperature of the product stream entering said reaction zone at the inlet to said reaction zone and the temperature in said subsequent reaction zone does not exceed 125° C.

Abstract: A process for the reduction of compounds comprising one or more carbon-oxygen (C?0) double bonds, to provide the corresponding alcohol, comprising contacting the compound with hydrogen gas at a pressure greater than 3 atm and a catalyst comprising an iridium aminodiphosphine complex.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for the hydrogenation of compounds comprising one or more carbon-oxygen (C?O) double bonds, to provide the corresponding alcohol, comprising contacting the compound with hydrogen gas at and a catalyst comprising a ruthenium-aryl-aminophosphine complex.

Abstract: The present application relates to a process for reacting a composition I comprising at least one aldehyde with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst in at least one main reactor and at least one postreactor, wherein at least 50% of the fresh hydrogen fed to the reaction system is fed into at least one postreactor. In a preferred embodiment, composition I comprises at least one further organic compound.

Abstract: Provide that a useful catalyst for homogeneous hydrogenation, particularly a catalyst for homogeneous asymmetric hydrogenation for hydrogenation, particularly asymmetric hydrogenation, which is obtainable with comparative ease and is excellent in economically and workability, and a process for producing a hydrogenated compound of an unsaturated compound, particularly an optically active compound using said catalyst with a high yield and optical purity.

Abstract: A new class of ligands derived from benzo[h]quinoline are described and these ligands are used to prepare several novel transition metal complexes. The complexes are preferably of the group VIII transition metals iron, ruthenium or osmium, with the benzo[h]quinoline ligands acting as tridentate ligands. The complexes described are proved to be very active catalysts for the reduction of ketones and aldehydes to alcohols, via hydrogen transfer and hydrogenation reactions. These compounds hence can be usefully employed as catalysts in said reduction reactions.

Abstract: Acetals are formed from an aldehyde hydrogenation product mixture comprising alcohols and at most 2% of alde-hydes and the product is distilled to yield purified alcohols and a second stream containing acetals and/or unsaturated ethers.

Abstract: Method of asymmetrically hydrosilylating substrates using catalysts having a ligand of the compound of the formula (I) wherein R is optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl; R? is hydrogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl; and R? is hydrogen, halogen, optionally substituted alkyl, hydroxy, amino (e.g., primary, secondary or tertiary), alkenyl; or an enantiomer thereof; or an enantiomeric mixture thereof with a transition metal. Particularly suitable reactions include the asymmetric hydrosilylation of ketones.

Abstract: A compound having the formula (I) where each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is independently C6-C18 aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C4-C20 branched alkyl-, C16-C20 linear alkyl-, RO—, —NRR?, —PRR?, —SR, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof: and R5 is C6-C18 aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C3-C20 branched alkyl-, C2-C30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; where R and R? are each independently C6-C18aryl-, C5-C8 cycloalkyl-, C6-C18 aryl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C5-C8 cycloalkyl having at least one C1-C20 alkyl substituent, C4-C20 branched alkyl-, C2-C30 linear alkyl-, fluoro substituted forms thereof, and perfluoro forms thereof; A is N, P, S, or O with the proviso that when A is S, R2 is a nullify; and M is

Abstract: A process for producing a purified alcohol giving satisfactory results in a sulfuric acid coloring test is provided. A process for producing a purified alcohol which includes the following steps: a condensation step in which an aldehyde is subjected to aldol condensation and dehydration to obtain the corresponding condensate, a hydrogenation step in which the condensate is hydrogenated to obtain a crude alcohol, and a purification step in which the crude alcohol is distilled to obtain a purified alcohol, characterized in that the crude alcohol in which the concentration of one or more compounds having an oxygen-containing heterocycle having a carbon-carbon double bond in the ring is 200 weight ppm or lower is fed to the purification step. Specifically, the aldehyde is normal butyraldehyde, the condensate is 2-ethylhexenal, and the alcohol is 2-ethylhexanol.

Abstract: 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) substantially free of 1,1,1-trifluoroacetone (TFA) can be separated from a mixture containing both compounds by A) catalytic reduction with hydrogen followed by fractional distillation; B) cooling to a temperature at which HFIP freezes and TFA remains liquid; C) forming a high boiling complex comprising HF and TFA followed by fractional distillation; or D) producing HF-free conditions to yield a HFIP/TFA azeotrope followed by fractional distillation. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract, which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 37 CFR § 1.72(b).

Abstract: Provided are a hydrogenation catalyst for carbonyl groups which can produce an unsaturated alcohol by hydrogenating an unsaturated carbonyl compound with high selectivity by a simple process at low cost, a method of efficiently producing the hydrogenation catalyst, and a practical method of producing an unsaturated alcohol by using the hydrogenation catalyst. In the present invention, the hydrogenation catalyst is obtained by carrying a noble metal such as ruthenium as a catalyst component onto a carrier which is composed of an oxygen-containing gallium compound. Gallium oxyhydroxide, gallium oxide, gallium phosphate or the like can be used as the gallium compound, and a hydrogenation catalyst including the gallium compound carrier carrying 0.1 to 10% by weight of ruthenium is used suitably.

Abstract: A sulfonate catalyst represented by the formula below and a ketone compound are placed in a solvent, and the ketone compound is hydrogenated by mixing in the presence of hydrogen to produce an optically active alcohol.