Abstract: Supertwist liquid crystal displays with outstanding properties are obtained when the nematic liquid crystal mixture contains at least one compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## where the variables are as defined in the disclosure.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide liquid crystalline compounds having a wide temperature range of a liquid crystal phase, low viscosity, and large ratio of elastic constants; liquid crystal compositions comprising the compound; and liquid crystal display devices comprising the composition; the liquid crystalline compounds being fluoroalkenyl derivatives expressed by the general formula (1) ##STR1## wherein A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 independently represent trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or 1,4-phenylene group; Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, and Z.sub.3 independently represent --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.CH--, --C.ident.C--, or a single bond; Q represents H or F; l is an integer of 1 to 5; m, n, and o are independently an integer of 0 to 5; p and q are independently an integer of 0 or 1; and each element which constitutes the derivatives may be an isotope of the element.

Abstract: Stoichiometric and catalytic chemical transformations may be carried out in solution using novel fluorous multiphase systems (FMS). The term "fluorous" is defined as a carbon-fluorine bond rich organic molecule which is generated by replacing hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms with fluorine. The novel complexes suitable for use as fluorous catalysts and reagents in the present invention contain sufficient number of fluorous moieties to render them preferentially soluble in the appropriate fluorous solvent without impairing the ability of the catalyst or reagent to be effective or participate in the corresponding reaction.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing, chiral liquid crystal compounds comprise (a) a chiral fluorochemical terminal portion containing at least one methylene group and optionally containing at least one catenary ether oxygen atom; (b) a saturated, chiral or achiral, hydrocarbon terminal portion; and (c) a central core connecting the terminal portions. The compounds have smectic mesophases or latent smectic mesophases and are useful, for example, in liquid crystal display devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of pesticidal fluoroolefin compounds having the structural formula I ##STR1## The present invention also provides intermediate compounds which are utilized in the process of this invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to fluorocyclohexane derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, y.sup.1, y.sup.2, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, A.sup.1, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, Z.sup.3, n, m, p and q are as defined above.

Abstract: A pesticidal compound of formula I: ##STR1## in which formula: either R.sup.1 is hydrogen and R.sup.2 represents a cyclopropyl group or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group, which alkyl groups may be the same or different;Ar.sub.A represents an optionally substituted phenyl or naphthyl group;Ar.sub.B represents a phenoxy, phenyl, benzyl or benzoyl-substituted phenyl group which is optionally further substituted;the configuration of the groups Ar.sub.A --CR.sup.1 R.sup.2 and --CH.sub.2 Ar.sub.B about the double bond being mutually trans.Preferably Ar.sub.A is a substituted phenyl group; more preferably being substituted at the 4-(para) position by halogen, alkoxy or haloalkyl.Further provided is a process for the preparation of a pesticidal compound of formula I in which a compound comprising a moiety ##STR2## and a compound comprising a moiety Ar.sub.B -- are reacted together forming a link --CH.dbd.C(F)CH.sub.2 -- between ##STR3## and Ar.sub.B in the compound of formula I.

Abstract: Chlorobenzene derivatives which have the following four-ring structure and are preferably usable for display devices of active matrix mode, and liquid crystal compositions comprising the derivative are provided: ##STR1## wherein ring A, ring B, and ring C independently represent trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or 1,4-phenylene group, one or more hydrogen atoms on the six-membered ring of which may be replaced by halogen atoms, Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, and Z.sub.3 represent --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or single bond, respectively, provided that at least one of them represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 represent H or halogen atom, and R represents an alkyl group or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, provided that when Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.3 represent single bond and Z.sub.2 represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, ring A represents 1,4-phenylene group, and when Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 represent single bond, and Z.sub.3 represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.

Abstract: In order to provide novel compounds which are useful as liquid crystal materials for low voltages in several liquid crystal displays, have a large dielectric anisotropy, and are low in viscosity; and to improve characteristics of liquid crystal compositions, difluorooxymethane derivatives expressed by the following general formula (I) and liquid crystal compositions containing the compound are proposed ##STR1## wherein each of l, m, and n is 0 or 1, rings A.sub.1 to A.sub.3 independently represent six-membered rings such as trans-1,4-cyclohexylene and 1,4-phenylene, Z.sub.1 to Z.sub.3 independently represent a bonding group such as covalent bond and --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, L.sub.1 to L.sub.4 independently represent hydrogen atom or halogen atom, and X represents a group such as halogen atom and OCF3.They are useful as liquid crystal materials for low voltages in several modes such as active matrix mode and STN mode.

Abstract: Disclosed are derivatives of fluoroalkylethynyl- and difluoroalkylethynylbenzenes of the formula (I) herein. These compounds exhibit useful properties as liquid crystal compounds and are useful in nematic liquid crystal mixtures.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of compounds of the formula (1) in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as defined in the specification, which includes reacting alcohols or carboxylic acids of the formula (2) in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as defined in the specification, with a fluorinating agent of the formula (3) as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A pesticidal compound, suitable for combating soil borne insect pests has formula I: ##STR1## in which formula: Ar.sub.A represents a phenyl or naphthyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halogen, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, methylenedioxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl and C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl; andAr.sub.B represents a phenoxy, phenyl, benzyl or benzoyl-substituted phenyl group which is optionally further substituted;the configuration of the aryl cyclopropyl group and the group CH.sub.2 Ar.sub.B about the double bond being mutually trans.

Abstract: A difluoroethylene compound of the following formula (1) is provided:R.sup.1 --(A.sup.1).sub.m --Y.sup.1 --A.sup.2 --CF.dbd.CF--A.sup.3 --Y.sup.2 --(A.sup.4).sub.n --R.sup.2 (1)where A.sup.1 -A.sup.4, Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, m and n are as defined herein, and wherein the compound of formula (1) exhibits liquid crystal properties.

Abstract: As a liquid crystal compound, a dicyclohexylethylene derivative, which has a wide liquid crystal phase temperature range, a low viscosity, a large .DELTA..epsilon. value, a high stability, and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. The dicyclohexylethylene derivative is represented by general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 linear alkyl; and X represents fluorine or trifluoromethyl. This compound can widen the working range of a liquid crystal display element because of its high NI point, can improve the response speed of the display element because of its low viscosity, and can lower the voltage for driving the display element because of its high positive .DELTA..epsilon. value. Furthermore, it is so stable against changes in environmental factors that it can be used in various liquid crystal display elements of, for example, active matrix drive type using TFT.

Abstract: A 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-(trans-4-substituted cyclohexyl)ethylene of the formula (1):R--(A).sub.m --Cy--CF=CF.sub.2 (1)wherein R is a C.sub.1-10 alkyl group, a halogen atom or a cyano group, provided that in the case of the alkyl group, an oxygen atom may be interposed in a carbon-carbon bond of the alkyl group or in a carbon-carbon bond between this alkyl group and A, some of carbon-carbon bonds in the alkyl group may be triple bonds or double bonds, one --CH.sub.2 -- group in the alkyl group may be substituted by a carbonyl group, and some or all of hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group may be substituted by fluorine atoms;Cy is an unsubstituted trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group;A is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-phenylene group or a 1,4-cyclohexenylene group, wherein each of such cyclic groups is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more halogen atoms or cyano groups, one or more =CH-- groups constituting rings of such cyclic groups may be substituted by nitrogen atoms, and one or more --CH.sub.

Abstract: A novel liquid crystal material having a carbon chain containing a conjugated diene as a terminal substituent of the molecule and exhibiting superior characteristics is provided, which is a diene derivative expressed by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R and R' each independently represent 1-5C alkyl; A and B each independently represent 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; n is 0 or 1; m is an integer of 0 to 2; X and X' each independently represent H atom or F atom when A is 1,4-phenylene or represent H atom when A is 1,4-cyclohexylene; Y is alkyl, halogen or CN, alkoxy, methyl group substituted by 1-3 halogen atoms or trihaloalkoxy when A is 1,4-phenylene, or represent alkyl, alkoxy, methyl group substituted by 1-3 halogen atoms or trihaloalkoxy when A is 1,4-cyclohexylene; and R and R' are not simultaneously alkyl chain of 4 or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid crystalline, multiply-substituted fluorinated tolane derivatives, their preparation, liquid crystalline mixtures which comprise such compounds and the use of these compounds and mixtures for electro-optical purposes.

Abstract: A novel compound having superior characteristics as a liquid crystal material and having a good stability under usual use environment, and a composition having improved viscosity, optical anisotropy and other properties, and further a liquid crystal display element are provided,the compound being a hexenediyne compound expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' each represent an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, independently of each other; rings A and B each represent 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; and X represents H or F), and particularly when fluorine atom is introduced into the central part of the molecule of the compound, the viscosity is notably lowered; and when a liquid crystal composition is composed of the compound as its component, the operation temperature range of the liquid crystal composition is broadened, and the high speed response becomes possible due to the viscosity reduction, and when the cell thickness is reduced, a good display can be realized.

Abstract: A process for preparing olefin compounds of the formula ##STR1## where A is aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, vinyl or substituted vinyl and R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl-substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, alkoxy, alkythio, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, alkanoyl, aroyl, substituted aroyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, substituted heteroarylcarbonyl, trifluoromethyl or halo, which comprises reacting an organic halide of the formula A-X where X is chloro, bromo or iodo with a vinyl or substituted vinyl compound of the formula ##STR2## where R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.

Abstract: Novel 1-alkyl-, 1-alkenyl-, and 1-alkynylaryl-2-amino-1,3-propanediols, intermediates and processes for the preparation thereof, and methods of reducing inflammation and cell proliferation, and relieving memory dysfunction, and inhibiting bacterial and fungal growth are disclosed.

Abstract: Trifluorophenylene compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which ##STR2## are mesogenic radicals, are useful components for liquid-crystal mixtures.

Abstract: A difluoroethylene compound of the following formula (1):R.sup.1 --(A.sup.1).sub.m --Y.sup.1 --A.sup.2 --CF.dbd.CF--A.sup.3 --Y.sup.2 --(A.sup.4).sub.n --R.sup.2 (1)wherein A.sup.3 is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, and each of A.sup.1, A.sup.2 and A.sup.4, which are independent from one another, is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group, wherein each of such cyclic groups is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more halogen atoms or cyano groups, one or more .dbd.CH-- groups constituting rings of such cyclic groups may be substituted by nitrogen atoms, and one or more --CH.sub.2 -- groups constituting rings of such cyclic groups may be substituted by oxygen atoms or sulfur atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of aromatic fluoro compounds of the formula IF.sub.n ArR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 (I)in which Ar is phenyl, naphthyl or pyridyl, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are hydrogen, halide, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl, phenyl, NR.sub.2, OR, CN, COH or COR, where R is hydrogen or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)-alkyl, and n=1, 2, 3, 4 or 5,which comprises reacting aromatic fluoro compounds of the formula IIX.sub.m F.sub.n ArR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 (II)in which Ar, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and n have the abovementioned meaning, each X is a chlorine or bromine atom and m=1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, with hydrogen in the presence of a palladium catalyst, a water-insoluble amine which also does not form water-soluble hydrohalides, and if desired an inert solvent.

Abstract: A general-purpose organic rust initiator which can effectively prevent corrosion of metals comprising a compound of formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom or a group defined for R.sub.1 ; R.sub.4 is an acid group selected from --OH, --COOH, --SH, --SO.sub.2 OH, --PO(OH).sub.2, --SCH.sub.2 COOH, --SO.sub.2 NHCH.sub.2 COOH or a salt thereof; R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or a group defined for R.sub.4 ; or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together form an acid group selected from --N.dbd.N--NH--, --CH.dbd.N--N--, --SO.sub.2 --NH--CO--, --S--C(SH).dbd.N-- or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The invention describes N-fluorosulfonimides which are useful as fluorinating agents. The N-fluorosulfonimides are stable, easily synthesized, and allow the introduction of fluorine into organic compounds under mild conditions.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein rings A, B and C, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, Z.sup.3, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are defined in the specification, their manufacture, liquid crystalline mixtures which contain such compounds and the use of these compounds for electro-optical purposes.

Abstract: A cyclic hydrocarbon derivative represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each of Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 is independently F, Cl, CN, OCN, SCN, OCF.sub.3, OCF.sub.2 H, OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.3, CF.sub.3, R, --OR, --COOR or --OCOR, wherein R is alkyl, alkenyl or alkoxyalkyl, provided that at least one of Y.sup.1 and Y.sup.2 is R, --OR, --COOR or --OCOR; each of Z, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, Z.sup.3 and Z.sup.4 is independently a single bond, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.dbd.CH--, --C.tbd.C--, --COO--, --OCO--, --CH.sub.2 O--, OCH.sub.2 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --, --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --O-- or --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --; ring A is group of formula (II): ##STR2## wherein each of X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3, X.sup.4, X.sup.5, X.sup.6, X.sup.7, X.sup.8, X.sup.9, and X.sup.

Abstract: The present invention provides liquid crystals that are diphenyldiacetylenes of the general formulas: ##STR1## where W, X, Y and Z are, independently of one another, a halogen atom, a hydrogen atom or a trihalomethyl group, T.sub.1 and T.sub.2, independently of one another can be an alkyl, alkene, alkoxy, alkenoxy, ether, thioalkyl, thioalkenyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy or haloalkylether groups having from three to twenty carbon atoms or a silylalkyl, silylalkenyl, silylalkoxy or silylthioalkyl group having from three to twenty-eight carbon atoms and wherein M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 can both be single bonds or one of M.sub.1 or M.sub.2 can be a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or a --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -trans-1,4-cyclohexylene.

Abstract: A composition of matter having the general structure: ##STR1## (wherein X is F, Cl, or NO.sub.2, and Y is CO, SO.sub.2 or C(CF.sub.3).sub.2) is employed to terminate a nucleophilic reagent, resulting in the exclusive production of phenylethynyl terminated reactive oligomers which display unique thermal characteristics. A reactive diluent having the general structure: ##STR2## (wherein R is any aliphatic or aromatic moiety) is employed to decrease the melt viscosity of a phenylethynyl terminated reactive oligomer and to subsequently react therewith to provide a thermosetting material of enhanced density. These materials have features which make them attractive candidates for use as composite matrices and adhesives.

Abstract: The invention relates to dihalogenobenzene derivatives of the formula IR.sup.1 --A.sup.1 --Z.sup.1 --A.sup.2 --(Z.sup.2 --A.sup.3).sub.n --R.sup.2wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2 and n are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Trifluoromethylene compounds of the formula I ##STR1## which can be used as components of liquid-crystalline media for liquid-crystal and electrooptical display elements.

Abstract: A process for preparing a substituted styrene by reacting a bisarylalkyl ether in the presence of an acid catalyst is disclosed. The process is preferably used for the preparation of 4-acetoxystyrene from 4,4'-(oxydiethylidene)bisphenol diacetate and 4-methoxystyrene from 4,4'-(oxydiethylidene)bisphenol dimethyl ether. A process for preparing a bisarylalkyl ether by reacting a corresponding arylalkanol in the presence of an acid catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel benzene derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7,Q is --O--, --CH.dbd.CH-- or a single bond,r is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5,s is 0, 1 or 2,X is F, Cl, OCHF.sub.2 or CF.sub.3,L is H or F, andA is ##STR2## Z, Z-Ar, Ar-Z, Z-Cyc in which Z is a single bond, --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- or --(CH.sub.2).sub.4 --, Ar is 1,4-phenylene or biphenyl-4,4'-diyl and Cyc is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene.

Abstract: A process for preparing a substituted styrene by reacting a bisarylalkyl ether in the presence of an acid catalyst is disclosed. The process is preferably used for the preparation of 4-acetoxystyrene from 4,4'-(oxydiethylidene)bisphenol diacetate and 4-methoxystyrene from 4,4'-(oxydiethylidene)bisphenol dimethyl ether. A process for preparing a bisarylalkyl ether by reacting a corresponding arylalkanol in the presence of an acid catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: Chloro tolanes of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 denotes alkyl with up to 12 carbon atoms wherein one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may also be replaced by --O--, --O--CO--, --CO--O-- and/or --CH.dbd.CH--,A is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene,r is 0 or 1,s is 0 or 1,L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are H or F,whereby one of the substituents L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 is F and the other is H or F and if s is 0 and R.sup.1 is alkyl having 2 to 12 carbon atoms both L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 may be Hare suitable as components of liquid crystalline media.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystalline medium having at least two components, where at least one component is a haloacetylene derivatives of the formula IR.sup.1 --A.sup.1 --Z.sup.1 --(A.sup.2 --Z.sup.2).sub.m --A.sup.3 --C.tbd.C--X IwhereinR.sup.1 is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having up to 15 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted by CN, halogen or CF.sub.3, or such a radical wherein one or more CH.sub.2 groups is replaced, in each case independently of one another, by --S--, --O--, ##STR1## --CO--, --CO--O--, --O--CO-- or --O--CO--O-- in such a manner that sulfur and/or oxygen atoms are not linked directly to one another,A.sup.1, A.sup.2 and A.sup.3, in each case independently of one another, are(a) a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene radical or --S-- one or more non-adjacent CH.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of formula ##STR1## wherein Z is a single covalent bond or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, and R.sup.1 is 1E-alkenyl with 2-12 carbon atoms, liquid crystalline mixtures containing them and their use for electro-optical purposes.

Abstract: Symmetrical diaryl-acetylenes can be prepared by reacting an aryl halide with acetylene in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base. If the acetylene is introduced into the liquid reaction mixture using a high intensity gas dispersion means, the aryl halide used can be an aryl bromide.

Abstract: A process is described for the reaction of at least one partly fluorinated alkene with catalysts containing tungsten complex compounds, at 10.degree. to 200.degree. C., if appropriate in the presence of at least one inert solvent. A mixture of a partly fluorinated alkene with another partly fluorinated alkene or with a non-fluorinated alkene can also be employed for the reaction. Longer-chain partly fluorinated compounds are thereby obtained which contain at least one internal C.dbd.C double bond. Ethylene or a short-chain alkene is furthermore produced and is separated off from the reaction mixture. The longer-chain partly fluorinated compounds are valuable intermediates and can be hydrogenated to give, for example, highly heat-resistant special lubricants.

Abstract: Process for ring opening compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is heteroaryl or aryl, R.sup.2 is a leaving group, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and alkenyl, provided that at least one of the groups R.sup.3 to R.sup.6 is other than hydrogen, by breaking the bond joining the carbon atom attached to R.sup.3 and the carbon atom attached to R.sup.6 in organic solution using silica, giving useful diene or allyl derivatives, certain of which are novel.

Abstract: 1,4-disubstituted 2,3-difluorobenzenes according to formula I are suitable as intermediates for the synthesis of liquid crystalline compounds.

Abstract: A dicyclohexylethylene derivative is disclosed which has the formula, ##STR1## where R is a straight chain alkyl group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, X is hydrogen or fluorine, m is 1 or 2, n is 0 or 1, and indicates that a substituent at the 1-position of the cyclohexane ring and a substituent at the 4-position thereof are at a trans configuration. A liquid crystal composition comprises at least one of the dicyclohexylethylene derivatives of the formula [I] above.

Abstract: Difluoromethylene compounds of the formula IR.sup.1 --(A.sup.1 --Z.sup.1).sub.m --A.sup.2 --Q--CF.sub.2 --(A.sup.3 --Z.sup.2).sub.n --A.sup.4 --R.sup.2 Iin which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, A.sup.4, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, m and n are as defined herein and Q is --CO--, --O-- or --S--, can be used as components of liquid-crystalline media for liquid-crystal and electrooptical display elements.

Abstract: Novel 1,1,2-trifluorodienes, which have a minimum of seven carbon atoms and may contain in their molecule a phenylene or a methylphenylene moiety, are useful monomers, that can be polymerized in the presence of either free radical or coordination catalysts and can undergo selective reactions such, as for example, epoxidation of the vinyl (nonfluorinated) double bond. The resulting perfluorovinyl epoxy compounds also are useful monomers, which can undergo polymerization to useful materials.

Abstract: New propene derivatives as intermediates for the preparation of pesticidal silane derivatives. Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.4 is H, R.sup.5 is a radical of the formula ##STR2## and R.sup.17 is H or halogen are useful intermediates for the preparation of pesticidal silane derivatives.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing aromatic derivatives are produced by the reaction of di(haloacyl)peroxide represented by the general formula: ##STR1## (wherein X stands for a fluorine, chlorine, or hydrogen atom and n for an integer of the value of 1 to 10) with aromatic unsaturated monomers represented by the general formula: ##STR2## (wherein Y stands for hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, propyl, acetyl, propionyl, acetyloxy, propionyloxy, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, vinyl, isopropenyl, or nitro group, or a halogen atom, R.sup.1 for hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, propyl, or butyl group, R.sup.2 for hydrogen atom, methyl or phenyl group, and m for an integer of the value of 1 to 5).

Abstract: Preparation of 1-aryl-1-alkenes by dehydration of 1-aryl-1-alkanols in the presence of a substance promoting elimination of water, the substance being a triester of phosphorous acid in which at least one of the radicals is an aryl group.The products are suitable as, inter al., initiators for anionic polymerization.

Abstract: A compound of formula: ##STR1## wherein R is selected from hydrogen, cyano, methyl, and ethynyl, and X represents the residue of any carboxylic acid of formula X-COOH which forms an insecticidally active ester with a 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol. The compounds are useful as insecticides and acaricides.

Abstract: These compounds have the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen or alkyl, preferably C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, and X, Y and Z are each independently hydrogen, chlorine or fluorine, provided that when R, R.sup.1 and Z are hydrogen, X and Y are not both hydrogen or both fluorine, and are prepared by dehydrating an alcohol of the formula: ##STR2## by, for example, heating the alcohol in the presence of a catalytic amount of a strong acid such as p-toluenesulphonic acid and preferably in the presence of an inert solvent.The compounds are intermediate for the preparation of fungicidal compounds.

Abstract: A novel tolan derivative compound as a liquid crystal substance having a low viscosity and a good compatibility with existing liquid crystals at low temperatures in addition to a large optical anisotropy value and a high clearing point, and a liquid crystal mixture containing the above compound are provided, which compound is expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, X represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- and A represents an H atom or an F atom.