Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound of the general formula ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## R and R', independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxymethylene group whose alkoxy moiety has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyano group or a halogen atom, and n and m, independently from each other, represent 0 or 1.

Abstract: A compound which, when added as a component to other components, raises the N-I point of the resulting liquid crystal composition and nevertheless affords only a relatively small rise in viscosity of the composition, and a liquid crystal composition containing the same are provided, which compound is a 1-(trans-4'-alkylcyclohexyl)-2-4"-[trans-4"'-(trans-4""-alkylcyclohexyl)cy clohexylphenyl]ethane expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represent an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or straight-chain alkyl; R.sup.2 is --CN, --R, --COR, --COOR or when R.sup.2 is positioned on an aromatic ring R.sup.2 also can be --OR, --OOCR or --F; R is alkyl; A is a group with 1 to 4 six-membered rings, these rings being linked directly with one another and with ring B in each case via a single covalent bond or being linked at one or two positions also via --COO--, --OOC-- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.

Abstract: The process of producing ethynyl aromatic compounds which are useful as intermediates in the preparation of 3-dimensional carbon-carbon structures for aerospace and military applications and as starting materials in the preparation of organic semi-conductors. The ethynyl aromatic compounds may be any of the classes illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawing. Starting compounds for the process may by any compound from the classes illustrated in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. The starting compound is reacted in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst in a suitable solvent with an acyl compound from the class illustrated in FIG. 7 to yield a compound within the classes illustrated in FIGS. 8, 9 and 10. The carbonyl groups in this compound are reduced to yield a corresponding alcohol. Each hydroxy group in the alcohol is converted to an easily eliminatable group, e.g., by reacting it with methane sulfonyl chloride, when subjected to basic conditions.

Abstract: A high yield, four step synthesis process is disclosed for producing the omer, 2,3-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene, wherein in step 1 acetophenone pinacol is produced from the dimerization of acetophenone in 96% yield; in step 2 acetophenone pinacol is reacted with triethoxymethane and benzoic acid to produce 2,3-diphenyl-2-butene in about 88-96% yield. The 2,3-diphenyl-2-butene and N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) are reacted together in step 3 in an ultra violet reactor and in a CCl.sub.4 reaction solvent to produce in about 92% yield, the dibromo compound, 1,4-dibromo-2,3-diphenyl-2-butene. In step 4, 1,4-dibromo-2,3-diphenyl-2-butene is converted to the desired monomer in about 86% yield by reacting with NaI under refluxing conditions for about 90 minutes in a hot acetone solution. The monomer 2,3-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene is recovered in hexane, shaken (in the order listed) with water solutions of NaHSO.sub.3, NaHCO.sub.3, and pure water, dried over CaCl.sub.2, and the hexane is spun off.

Abstract: Derivatives of diphenylhexafluoropropane having the formula: ##STR1## where R is an unsubstituted or substituted alkylene, an epoxy, a silyl or alkoxysilyl group; and where X and Y are hydrogen or halogen. The derivatives are useful in formulating polymer structures.

Abstract: A first aspect of the invention is concerned with fuels and particularly jet and diesel fuels which comprise blends of substituted mono cyclohexane material and two ring non-fused cyloalkane material. The first material may be n-propylcyclohexane or n-butylcyclohexane. The second material may be nuclear substituted bicyclohexyl and may include cyclohexylbenzene. A second aspect of the invention concerns producing constituents for the fuel from heavy aromatic materials by breaking down the heavy aromatics to naphthas, separating light napthas and other constituents of the fuel before reforming a heavy naptha fraction to provide a BTX fraction which may be treated by hydroalkylation or pyrolysis to provide two ring non-fused cycloalkanes. The product may be enriched by hydrogenation.

Abstract: An improved electrical insulating oil and oil-filled electrical appliances impregnated therewith. The electrical insulating oil can be produced inexpensively but has excellent electrical characteristics and it comprises a fraction having boiling points in the range of 350.degree. to 450.degree. C. that is prepared by disproportionating diarylalkane or a hydrocarbon mixture mainly containing the same at temperatures in the range of 20.degree. to 500.degree. C. in the presence of a disproportionation catalyst, said diarylalkane having boiling points in the range of 260.degree. to 320.degree. C.

Abstract: An improved electrical insulating oil and oil-filled electrical appliances impregnated therewith. The electrical insulating oil has a low viscosity, low pour point and other excellent electrical characteristics and it comprises an isomer mixture of dibenzylbenzenes in which the quantity of p-dibenzylbenzene is not more that 10% by weight and the weight ratio of m-dibenzylbenzene/o-dibenzylbenzene is not lower than 3.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulaR.sup.1 --Q.sup.1 --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --(COO).sub.n --(CH.sub.2).sub.p --Q.sup.2 --R.sup.2whereinR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently alkyl or alkoxy each of 1-12 C atoms, F, Cl, Br, CN or --Q.sup.3 --R.sup.3, or one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can also be H;Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2 and Q.sup.3 are each independently 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-bicyclo(2,2,2)-octylene or 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1-4 fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms;R.sup.3 is alkyl or alkoxy each of 1-8 C atoms, H, F, Cl, Br or CN;m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6; n is 0 or 1; and p is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; the sum of (m+p) being 2, 4 or 6 and the sum of (m+n+p) being at least 3;but with the proviso that Q.sup.3 is unsubstituted 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-phenylene substituted by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom, only when n=1 or (m+p)=6 or at least one of R.sup.1 or R.sup.3 is F, Cl or Br or none of R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 is CN or two of the radicals R.sup.1 to R.sup.

Abstract: Liquid crystalline mixtures containing compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein n stands for the number 0 or 1; X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 denote single covalent bonds or one of the symbols X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 also denotes --COO--, --OOC-- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; the rings A.sup.1, A.sup.2, and A.sup.3 represent 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or one of these rings also represents a 2,5-disubstituted pyrimidine ring or a trans-2,5-disubstituted m-dioxane ring; R.sup.1 signifies 4-alkenyl or on a cyclohexyl ring also 2Z-alkenyl; and R.sup.2 denotes alkyl, alkoxy, --CN or --NCS,as well as the manufacture of these compounds and the use for electro-optical purposes are described.

Abstract: An electrical insulating oil which is suitable for use in impregnating electrical appliances such as capacitors, cables and transformers, especially those in which plastic materials are used partially or totally as dielectrics or insulating materials, and electrical appliances that are impregnated with the above electrical insulating oil. The electrical insulating oil of the invention contains at least one monoolefin and/or diolefin having three condensed or non-condensed aromatic rings.

Abstract: New hydroterphenyls of formula IR.sup.1 --Cy--Cy--Ph--R.sup.2 Iwherein R.sup.1 is alkyl; R.sup.2 is H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH, CN, alkyl, --O-alkyl, --COOR.sup.3 or --O--CO--R.sup.3 ; R.sup.3 is H, alkyl, --Cy-alkyl, --Ph-alkyl, --Ph--O-alkyl, --Ph--CN or --Ph--F; Cy is 1,4-cyclohexylene; and Ph is 1,4-phenylene; can be used as dielectrics for electrooptical display elements.

Abstract: An improved electrical insulating oil which is stable in refining treatment and good electrical properties are maintained under high temperature conditions, and oil-filled electrical appliances impregnated therewith. The electrical insulating oil comprises 1,1,-diarylalkenes which are represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 's are the same or different and each of them is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and m and n are integers from 0 to 3, inclusive.

Abstract: Synthetic base oils for functional fluids and greases are provided comprising a mixture of monoalkylated naphthalenes and polyalkylated naphthalenes, said naphthalenes represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein the R' groups are independently selected from H and methyl, the monoalkylated naphthalenes have three R groups which are H and one R group which is a 12-26 carbon alkyl, the polyalkylated naphthalenes have from two to four R groups which are 12-26 carbon alkyl and any remainder R groups H, and the weight ratio of monoalkylated naphthalenes to polyalkylated naphthalenes is from 5:95 to 70:30 when the average alkyl group is C.sub.12 -C.sub.16 and from 5:95 to 99:1 when the average alkyl group is C.sub.17 -C.sub.26. In the preferred mixture, the polyalkylated naphthalenes have a numerical ratio of .alpha./.beta. substitution of from 50/50 to 10/90 when the R' groups are both H.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 signifies trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl, 4'-alkyl-4-biphenylyl, p-(trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl)phenyl, 2-(trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl)ethyl or p-[2-(trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl)ethyl]phenyl and R.sup.2 signifies trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl; or R.sup.1 signifies trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl and R.sup.2 signifies p-(trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl)phenyl, p-[2-(trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl)ethyl]phenyl or 4'-(trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl)-4-biphenylyl; or R.sup.1 signifies p-alkylphenyl and R.sup.2 signifies p-[2-(trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl)ethyl]phenyl, and the alkyl groups in the substituents R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are straight-chain groups containing 1 to 7 carbon atoms, liquid crystalline mixtures which contain these compounds and their use for electro-optical purposes are described.The novel compounds of formula I are especially valuable as components in liquid crystal mixtures and themselves have liquid crystalline properties.

Abstract: An aromatic hydrocarbon in which at least one hydrogen atom on the ring is substituted by a group selected from the class consisting of unsubstituted or lower alkyl-substituted tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6 ]dec-3-yl, tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6 ]dec-4-yl, tetracyclo[6.2.1.1.sup.3,6.0.sup.2,7 ]dodec-4-yl and tetracyclo[6.2.1.1.sup.3,6.0.sup.2,7 ]dodec-5-yl groups, or its hydrogenation product.The compound is prepared by reacting an aromatic hydrocarbon having at least one hydrogen atom on the ring with a compound selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or lower alkyl-substituted tricyclo[5.2.1.0.sup.2,6 ]dec-3-ene and tetracyclo[6.2.1.1.sup.3,6.0.sup.2,7 ]dodec-4-ene in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, or hydrogenating the thus-obtained compound in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst.The compound is useful as an additive for adhesives.

Abstract: The invention is a process for the preparation of an aromatic hydrocarbon with a cyclobutene ring fused to the aromatic hydrocarbon which comprises, dissolving an ortho alkyl halomethyl aromatic hydrocarbon in an inert solvent and pyrolyzing the solution of ortho alkyl halomethyl aromatic hydrocarbon in the inert solvent under conditions such that the ortho alkyl and halomethyl substituents form a cyclobutene ring thereby forming an aromatic hydrocarbon having a fused cyclobutene ring.

Abstract: An electrical insulating oil which can be produced easily at low cost, scarcely contains undesirable components of tarry substance, unsaturated compounds and carbonyl compounds, does neither swell nor dissolve plastic materials, and has excellent electrical properties. The electrical insulating oil is characterized in that it comprises a fraction having boiling points in the range of 270.degree. to 350.degree. C. which is prepared by distilling the heavier products obtained from the process for producing ethyltoluene by alkylating toluene with ethylene in the presence of synthetic zeolite catalyst. Included also in the present invention are oil-filled electrical appliances that are produced by impregnating them with the above insulating oil.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein ring B stands for 1,4-phenylene or a trans-1,4-disubstituted cyclohexane ring and A stands for a group with 1 to 3 six-membered rings, which together with ring B represents a central group of formulae II-XIII; R.sup.1 signifies a straight-chain alkyl group containing 1 to 9 carbon atoms or when R.sup.1 is attached to a benzene, monofluorinated benzene or pyrimidine, ring R.sup.1 also signifies a straight-chain alkoxy group with 1 to 9 carbon atoms; and R.sup.2 signifies hydrogen, cyano or a straight-chain alkyl group containing 1 to 7 carbon atoms,their manufacture, liquid crystalline mixtures which contain said compounds and their use for electro-optical purposes are described.The compounds of formula I are especially valuable as components in liquid crystal mixtures and for the most part themselves have liquid crystalline properties.

Abstract: Polyarylalkane oligomer compositions comprising a mixture of two oligomers A and B, wherein oligomer A is a mixture of isomers of formula: ##STR1## with n1 and n2=0, 1 and 2, given that n1+n2.ltoreq.3; and oligomer B is a mixture of isomers of formula: ##STR2## with n'1, n"1 and n4=0, 1 and 2, n'2, n"2, n3, n'3 and n5=0 and 1, given that n'1+n"1+n'2+n"2+n3+n'3+n4+n5.ltoreq.2.The invention also comprises the process for the preparation of said oligomer compositions by the action of a halide or inorganic acid on a product of free-radical chlorination of toluene.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel 4-styryl-4'-vinylbiphenyls of the formula ##STR1## wherein the benzene rings A, B and C can carry non-chromophoric substituents and R.sub.3 is a second order non-chromophoric substituent, and R.sub.4 is hydrogen or a non-chromophoric substituent which cannot be a second order substituent, and also a process for obtaining them. These novel compounds can be used as fluorescent whitening agents for treating organic material of high molecular weight, preferably textile material, most preferably polyester fibres. The invention also discloses novel intermediates of the formula ##STR2## wherein A, B and C are as defined above, which are formed during the production of the novel 4-styryl-4'-vinylbiphenyls, and also a process for obtaining them.

Abstract: A novel electrical insulating oil and oil-filled electrical appliances that are impregnated with the novel insulating oil. The electrical insulating oil is quite suitable for use in oil-filled electrical appliances in which insulating materials or dielectric materials made of plastics are employed. The electrical insulating oil comprises (a) at least one member of alkylbiphenyls and alkylnaphthalenes and (b) at least one member of monoolefins and diolefins each having two condensed or noncondensed aromatic nuclei.

Abstract: An improved electrical insulating oil and oil-filled electrical appliances impregnated therewith. The electrical insulating oil is quite suitable for use in oil-filled electrical appliances in which insulating materials or dielectric materials made of plastics are employed. The electrical insulating oil comprises (a) at least one member of diarylalkanes and (b) at least one member selected from the group of mono- and/or diolefins having two condensed or noncondensed aromatic nuclei.

Abstract: Liquid-crystalline compounds which exhibit a liquid crystalline phase within a broader temperature range and also have a high transparent point and yet a low viscosity, and liquid-crystalline compositions containing at least one kind of the above compounds are provided, which compounds are high temperature liquid-crystalline substances consisting of 4 or 5 six-member-rings, expressed by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' each represent hydrogen atom or an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, each having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; ##STR2## and n represents 0 or 1.

Abstract: The reaction between particular styrenes and particular alkenes to produce alkyl substituted indanes has been discovered to give improved yields when phosphoric acid is used as the catalyst. The catalyst is readily separated from the organic products at the end of the reaction and can be used repeatedly to catalyze further reactions. The product further comprises novel adducts of the alkene and styrene which are converted into the desired isochroman products when the indanes are used as intermediates in the production of isochromans.

Abstract: Disubstituted ethanes of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.2 is --R.sup.3, --OR.sup.3, --CO--R.sup.3, --CO--OR.sup.3 or O--CO--R.sup.3, R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 each are straight-chain alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms and n is 1 or 2,are described. Liquid crystalline mixtures comprising Compound I as well as their use in electro-optical devices also are disclosed.

Abstract: A particular dielectric fluid, having a composition with a specific gravity of at least 1.02 and consisting essentially of a silicone fluid and an additive, soluble in said silicone fluid, selected from the group consisting of trimethylsilyl treated (CH.sub.3).sub.3 SiO.sub.1/2 /SiO.sub.2 resin copolymer, dipropyleneglycoldibenzoate, dixylylethane, phenylxylylethane, and a mixture of [(CH.sub.3).sub.3 Si].sub.2 O treated silica and a silica aerogel, is employed to encapsulate and insulate an electrical cable splice. The same particular dielectric field composition is also used to fill an electrical cable's conductor interstices.

Abstract: Benzene derivatives useful as a component of liquid crystal compositions are provided which are expressed by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R' represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and ##STR2## represents ##STR3## The derivatives exhibit small values of positive dielectric anisotropy; have broader liquid crystal temperature ranges; and in particular, have higher liquid crystalline-transparent points and yet have lower viscosities.

Abstract: Compounds useful as fluorescers in aqueous chemiluminescent mixtures, have the formula ##STR1## wherein X and Y represent hydrogen, or a quaternary ammonium group ##STR2## wherein m is 0 or 1n is an integer from one to fiveR.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 represent C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, or two of them form ring with N to make piperidinium, morpholinium or pyrrolidinium, andZ is an ion,the compound having at least one such quaternary group.

Abstract: Bis(p-alkylphenylethynyl)anthracenes are described for use as fluorescer components in chemiluminescent reaction mixtures and in precursor solutions or solid mixtures. Chemiluminescent mixtures comprising these fluorescers are shown to generate higher light capacity and higher quantum yields than those made with similar prior art fluorescers.

Abstract: Cyclohexylphenyl derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 --O--, --CH.sub.2 --S--, --O--CH.sub.2 -- or --S--CH.sub.2 --; R.sub.1 is alkyl of up to 8 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is alkyl or alkoxy each of up to 8 carbon atoms, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or cyano; and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are both hydrogen or one is hydrogen and the other is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or cyano, with the proviso that R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are both hydrogen when X is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or R.sub.2 is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or cyano, are valuable liquid crystalline compounds.

Abstract: A 1-cyclohexyl-2-cyclohexylphenylethane derivative of the following general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently from each other, represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A traction fluid having a lubricant basestock comprising hydrogenated coal tar containing a saturated fraction having a major portion made up of multiring components of at least three rings and an aromatic fraction which comprises at least 12% by weight of said fluid and contains at least 50% by volume of multiring components.

Abstract: Bis(ethynylphenyl) compounds are prepared by an improved synthesis process which increases yield and is suitable for large scale synthesis operations. Aromatic dianilines are diazotized to form aromatic halides that are subsequently coupled with an end-protecting group having acetylenic moieties. The end-protecting groups are subsequently removed leaving the desired diethynyl derivative in quantitative yields.

Abstract: Elastomeric polymers are rendered more tractable, thereby decreasing the amount of vehicle or heat required for vehicle- or melt-deposition, while resulting in very little or no loss of strength of the polymer, by the use of at least one compound comprising at least three hydrocarbon rings including at least one aromatic ring and, in most embodiments, at least one saturated ring free to rotate independently of at least one aromatic ring in the molecule of that compound. Compositions comprising an elastomeric polymer and at least one such compound are especially attractive for use in solvent, latex and/or hot melt adhesive compositions.

Abstract: Partially hydrogenated oligo-1,4-phenylenes of the formula ##STR1## wherein n is 1 or 2, the rings A and B are identical or different and are trans-4-alkylcyclohexyl or 4-alkylcyclohex-1-enyl, and the alkyl groups in each case are of up to 10 carbon atoms, have valuable liquid crystalline properties.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl of 1-12 C atoms and R.sub.2 is an optionally perfluorinated alkyl, alkoxy or alkanoyloxy group, each of 1-12 C atoms are valuable liquid crystalline components for broadening the mesophase temperature range of liquid crystalline dielectrics having negative dielectric anisotropy.

Abstract: Traction fluids for traction drive transmissions, prepared by hydrogenating an alkylation product obtained by the reaction of xylene and/or toluene, together with or without ethylbenzene, with styrene.

Abstract: Chemical reaction products, obtained in an alkaline medium and which require the addition of a dispersing agent, are neutralized by addition of a free surface-active acid to which, after its preparation, basic agents have not been added or have only been added up to a pH value of 3.

Abstract: A traction fluid is disclosed. The traction fluid is the product obtained by hydrogenation of a hydrocarbon composition containing at least 40 weight percent diphenylalkanes containing 22 to 34 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A water-white, essentially odorless liquid useful as a dieletric oil and as a dye solvent, particularly for a carbonless paper solvent, consisting essentially of about 82% to about 88% by weight of mono-sec-butylbiphenyl and about 12% to about 18% of di-sec-butylbiphenyl prepared by reacting highly pure 1-butene or 2-butene with biphenyl at a mol ratio of butene to biphenyl of from about 0.5 to about 0.9 and at a temperature of about 250.degree. F. to about 475.degree. F. in the presence of an aluminum chloride catalyst, distilling the reaction product under vacuum to remove unreacted biphenyl and distilling off the product mixture at a temperature between about 370.degree. F. and about 440.degree. F. at 30 mm Hg. pressure or the equivalent thereof.

Abstract: Diethynyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbons are prepared which homopolymerize into resins suitable for use as high char materials.

Abstract: In general, materials having the structure ##STR1## wherein A represents phenylene, napthylene, anthracenediyl, and dibenzothien-diyl;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different when taken alone represent hydrogen, cyano, alkylcarbonyl and arylcarbamoyl, arylcarbonyl, cyanoaryl;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, when taken together, represent sufficient atoms to form substituted and unsubstituted radicals selected from the group consisting of furanylidene, fluorenylidene, pyrimidinylidene, thiazolidinylidene, pyrrolinyl, and indenyl, isoxazolinylidene, pyrazolinylidene and indanylidene, wherein said substituents are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, aryl, oxo, thioxo, nitro, alkyl, nitroaryl, carbamoyl and cyanoalkyl; andalkyl represents an alkyl group having from one to six carbon atoms; aryl represents an aromatic nucleus selected from the group consisting of benzene, napthalene or anthracene, are useful in electrophoretic migration imaging processes.

Abstract: A radiation resistant working oil for lubricating parts of atomic power facilities which are exposed to radioactive rays consists essentially of alpha-benzyl substituted methylnaphthalene isomers and beta-benzyl substituted methylnaphthalene isomers in the ratio of about 1:0.2-1:1.

Abstract: High speed organic photoconductors are produced by crystallizing p-terphenyl from solution in a solvent having defined solubility parameter limits. Heterogeneous photoconductive insulating compositions comprising a dispersion of these p-terphenyls in an electrically insulating binder can be applied to an electrically conducting support to provide an electrophotographic element with high photoconductive speed.

Abstract: New organo-lithium initiators, their synthesis, and their use. The initiators have the formula: ##STR1## in which R" is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical; either n is 1, in which case R' = H and m and p are integers, the sum of which is between 0 and 10 inclusive, or n is 2, R' then being an alkyl radical of 2 to 8 carbon atoms and m =p =0; and R is an alkyl radical of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.The initiators are prepared by reacting compounds of the formula: ##STR2## with an alkyl-lithium RLi in a non-polar solvent in the absence of any polar solvent or complexing agent.The initiators are used to prepare polydienes of high stereoregularity by reacting with a diene, and the polydiene is used to prepare a three-block or star copolymer by reacting with an anionically polymerizable monomer.

Abstract: Mononuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. benzene and analogs, are converted by hydroalkylation to the corresponding cycloalkyl aromatics by contacting the mononuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen with a catalyst comprising a rare earth-exchanged Y-type zeolite support carrying a promoter comprising at least one of ruthenium, iridium, rhodium and palladium, the catalyst being calcined in an oxygen-containing atmosphere at a temperature of 250.degree. to 600.degree. C. prior to the hydroalkylation reaction.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula R--CH.dbd.CH--W--CH.dbd.CH--R.sup.1 are described in which R and R.sup.1 are independently phenyl, diphenyl, naphthyl, indyl, tetrahydronaphthyl or acenaphthenyl and W is divalent phenyl, diphenyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl or acenaphthenyl group, which groups may be substituted, the compounds containing at least one non-aromatic ring. Such compounds are useful as optical whitening agents, for example in textile material or paper.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of processing thermal cracked by-product oil which comprises reacting a distillate from a thermal cracked by-product oil principally containing components of a boiling range between 75.degree. C. and 198.degree. C. said distillate being one of the distillates from the cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons at a cracking temperature of 700.degree. C. or higher, and containing a ratio of 5-100 molar percent aromatic olefins to non-olefinic aromatic hydrocarbons, in liquid phase in the presence of an acid catalyst under such conditions that the reaction temperature is 0.degree. C.-200.degree. C., the liquid residence time is 0.1 hour-5 hours and wherein the content of aromatic olefins in the reaction system are 5% by weight or less at the end of the reaction, to yield a processed distillate containing non-condensed di- and tricyclic aromatic compounds which are reaction products of aromatic olefins with other aromatic hydrocarbons but no substantial amount of unsaturated components.