Abstract: A process for preparing cyclododecene by selective gas-phase hydrogenation of at least one starting material selected from cyclododecatriene, cyclododecadiene and mixtures thereof, wherein the starting material present in the gas phase is hydrogenated in the presence of a catalyst in a fixed-bed reactor and the Bodenstein number for the process is greater than 100.

Abstract: Compositions including carbide-containing nanorods and/or oxycarbide-containing nanorods and/or carbon nanotubes bearing carbides and oxycarbides and methods of making the same are provided. Rigid porous structures including oxycarbide-containing nanorods and/or carbide containing nanorods and/or carbon nanotubes bearing carbides and oxycarbides and methods of making the same are also provided. The compositions and rigid porous structures of the invention can be used either as catalyst and/or catalyst supports in fluid phase catalytic chemical reactions. Processes for making supported catalyst for selected fluid phase catalytic reactions are also provided.

Abstract: A catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene comprising a support having a uniformly round external surface; palladium in the range of about 0.01 to 1.0 weight percent of the catalyst and substantially all of the palladium being concentrated in a skin periphery of the catalyst; and silver in the range of about 0.5 to 10.0 times the weight of the palladium. Preferably, the support is selected from the group consisting of alumina, titania, zirconia, zinc aluminate, zinc titanate and mixtures thereof, and/or the skin has a thickness less than about 400 microns.

Abstract: An (R) or (S) chiral diphosphine of formula (I): wherein R and R1, which can be identical or different, represent an optionally saturated C1-10 alkyl group, an optionally saturated C3-9 cycloalkyl group, a C5-10 aryl group, the groups being optionally substituted by a halogen, a hydroxy, a C1-5 alkoxy, an amino, a sulfino, a sulonfyl, with R4 representing an alkyl, an alkoxy or an alkylcarbonyl, the alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl groups optionally including one or more heteroatoms, or R and R1 together represent an optionally saturated C2-6 substituted alkyl group, an optionally saturated C3-9 cycloalkyl group, a C5-10 aryl group, the cycloalkyl or aryl groups being optionally substituted by a C1-5 alkyl, a halogen, a hydroxy, a C1-5 alkoxy, an amino, a sulfino, a sulonfyl, with R4 representing an alkyl, an alkoxy or an alkylcarbonyl, the alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl groups optionally including one or more heteroatoms, R2 and R3, which can be identical or different, represent an optionally saturated C3-

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is a polyvalent bifunctional catalyst and the process of its realization. A catalyst characterized by the fact that it contains, over a TiO2 support, an oxide or a mixture of metallic oxides of MC2 type obtained by reduction of the corresponding MC3 oxides, the metal(s) forming the MO2 oxides are chosen from the group formed by W and Mo.

Abstract: The cationic iridium carbene complexes [Ir(cod)(N)(L)]X have been synthesized by reaction of [Ir(cod)(py)2]PF6 with L or NL ligands. Complexes of this type are active hydrogenation catalysts capable of hydrogenating simple olefins at room temperature and atmospheric pressure of hydrogen or by transfer hydrogenation.

Abstract: A process for treatment of a batch with four carbon atoms that contains diene compounds and a minor portion of acetylene compounds is described. A portion of the fluid that circulates in a distillation zone that is enriched with acetylene compounds is drawn off laterally, preferably in the drainage zone, and a selective hydrogenation stage is carried out in a hydrogenation zone that is outside the distillation zone. The hydrogenation effluent that is produced is recycled in the rectification zone. A C4 fraction that comprises butadiene and that is low in acetylene compounds is recovered at the top, and a C5 fraction that is enriched with oligomers is recovered at the bottom.

Abstract: An improved selective hydrogenation process for removing acetylenic impurities such as vinyl acetylene, ethyl acetylene, propyl acetylene and acetylene in a steam cracked crude butadiene stream by selective hydrogenation is carried out in two steps. In the first step, the partial selective hydrogenation is carried out in a fixed bed with a copper-based catalyst to have the ratio of vinyl acetylene to ethyl acetylene in a range of from 0 to about 1, preferably from about 0.01 to 0.6, in the product stream. In the second step, the selective hydrogenation of the remaining C4 acetylenic impurities is carried out to completion in the catalytic distillation mode using a palladium promoted copper catalyst, an improved palladium catalyst or a combination of these two.

Abstract: Hydrogenation of a liquid cut containing hydrocarbons, in particular unsaturated molecules containing at least two double bonds or at least one triple bond, is described wherein the unsaturated molecules are at least partially hydrogenated to less unsaturated molecules containing at least one double bond, in at least one reactor comprising at least two distinct beds of at least one hydrogenation catalyst, and wherein a gas phase containing hydrogen is introduced, a portion thereof being mixed with said cut upstream of the first catalyst bed and a portion thereof being introduced upstream of the subsequent beds contained in said reactor.

Abstract: In a process for hydrogenating unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic aromatics or monocyclic or polycyclic aromatics substituted by at least one alkyl group, amino group or hydroxyl group or a combination of two or more thereof to form the corresponding cycloaliphatics by means of gaseous hydrogen in the presence of at least one catalyst in a reaction column (4) in which the reactants are passed over the catalyst(s) (5) fixed in the reaction column (4), the cycloaliphatics are taken off at a side offtake (14) or from the bottom of the column (6) through a line (8) or at the side offtake (14) and from the bottom of the column (6) through a line (8).

Abstract: A process for the hydrogenation of a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic which may be unsubstituted or substituted by at least one aikyi group comprises bringing the aromatic into contact with a hydrogen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one metal of transition group VIII of the Periodic Table as active metal applied to a structured or monolithic support.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing catalysts by immersion coating a metallic support with at least one platinum metal. An aqueous medium which comprises at least one platinum metal complex, at least one reduction agent and at least one complexer and which has a pH value of more than 4 is brought into contact with the metallic support in order to deposit the platinum metal, the platinum metal being deposited in the form of discreet, immobilised particles. The invention also relates to the catalysts obtained using this method and to their use for producing hydrogen peroxide and for hydrogenating organic compounds.

Abstract: A material composed of ultrafine particles, comprising at least a metal element M having catalytic properties and at least a metal element M′ having a standard oxidation potential less than that of M, part at least of M′ atoms being in oxidized form, the average size of the particles being less than 50 nm, at least 80% in number of the particles having an average size less than 10 nm. One particle of the material is constituted by at least a metal element M with oxidation level 0, or by at least a metal element M′ in oxidized form, or by at least a metal element M′ with oxidation level 0, or by the combination of at least two species selected from the three previous species. The material is useful as a catalyst for hydrogenation or coupling reactions.

Abstract: The hydrogenation activity of a heteroatom removal catalyst, having activity for both heteroatom removal and hydrogenation, is selectively suppressed by a treatment which comprises contacting the catalyst with (i) hydrogen, (ii) a selectively deactivating agent that suppresses the catalyst's hydrogenation activity, and (iii) a protective agent, such as CO, that preserves and protects the heteroatom removal activity during the treatment. This may be achieved in a reactor while it is on-line and removing heteroatoms from a hydrocarbon feed.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for the hydroprocessing of a hydrocarbon feedstock wherein said feedstock is contacted at hydroprocessing conditions with a catalyst composition which comprises bulk catalyst particles which comprise at least one Group VIII non-noble metal and at least two Group VIB metals. The Group VIII and Group VIB metals comprise from about 50 wt. % to about 100 wt. %, calculated as oxides, of the total weight of the bulk catalyst particles. The metals are present in the catalyst composition in their oxidic and/or sulfidic state. The catalyst composition has an X-ray diffraction pattern in which the characteristic full width at half maximum does not exceed 2.5° when the Group VIB metals are molybdenum, tungsten, and, optionally, chromium, or does not exceed 4.0° when the Group VIB metals are molybdenum and chromium or tungsten and chromium.

Abstract: The present invention deals with the catalytic hydrogenation of fluid used to cool and dielectrically insulate an x-ray generating device within an x-ray system. According to the present invention, a method and apparatus are provided for hydrogenating fluid that has been exposed to x-rays to reduce the amount of H2 gas, free hydrogen atoms and unsaturated molecules in the fluid. The method comprises exposing the fluid within the x-ray system to a catalytically effective amount of catalyst. The catalyst operates in temperatures in the range of about 10-300° C. and pressures in the range of about 0.1-30 atmospheres. The catalyst may comprise a solid, non-soluble catalyst, a soluble catalyst, or a combination of both. A suitable solid, non-soluble catalyst comprises Group VIII elements and their compounds. Group VIII elements comprise iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum.

Abstract: Three-phase chemical hydrogenation reactions involving the processing of gas-liquid reactant feed streams over “mini-structured” solid catalyst beds formed e.g., of channeled honeycomb monoliths incorporating solid catalysts achieve reaction efficiencies suitable for effective integral reactor operation by utilizing low superficial liquid linear velocities and high feedstream gas:liquid ratios; single-pass conversion efficiencies in excess of 50%, typically 80-100%, are achieved.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalyst for the hydrogenation, hydroisomerisation, hydrocracking and/or hydrodesulfurisation, of hydrocarbon feedstocks, said catalyst consisting of a substantially binder free bead type support material obtained through a sol-gel method, and a catalytically active component selected from precious metals, the support comprising 5 to 50 wt. % of at least one molecular sieve material and 50 to 95 wt. % of silica-alumina.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a molecular weight-enlarged, homogeneously soluble ligand, which includes: an average molecular weight of at least 1000 g/mol; a molecular weight-enlarging polymer; optionally, a linker; and at least one homochiral active center; wherein the active center is bound to the molecular weight-enlarging polymer through the linker or is bound directly to the molecular weight-enlarging polymer, methods of preparing, catalysts containing same, and methods of using same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chiral 1,1′-ferrocenylene diphosphonites and the synthesis thereof, in addition to complexes of said compounds with metals from groups VIIb, VIIIb and Ib of the Periodic Table and to the use thereof for enantioselective hydrogenation of olefins, ketones and imines, or enantioselective hydroboration and 1,4-addition to activated olefins.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing graft rubbers built up from at least one graft core and from at least one graft shell, comprising a) preparing an aqueous dispersion of at least one elastomeric polymer, b) then, to obtain the at least one graft core, selectively hydrogenating ethylenically unsaturated double bonds in the elastomeric polymer, using hydrogen, in the presence of at least one hydrogenation catalyst, where the aqueous dispersion of the elastomeric polymer comprises not more than 20% by volume of an organic solvent, and c) grafting onto the graft core at least one graft shell, and also to the corresponding graft rubbers.

Abstract: A process for preparing a C4- product stream and a C6+ product stream is disclosed. The process involves contacting a C5 containing paraffinic feedstock with a catalyst that includes a hydrogenation/dehydrogenation catalyst and an olefin metathesis catalyst under conditions which dehydrogenate the paraffins to olefins. The olefins are then metathesized and rehydrogenated to provide a product stream. A C4- fraction and a C6+ fraction can each be isolated from the product stream. The C4- fraction can be used, for example, in an alkylation reaction to provide compounds useful in gasoline compositions. Unconverted C5 paraffins can be recycled. The C6+ fraction can be used, for example, as solvents. Alternatively, they can be isomerized to form gasoline additives, or can be converted to aromatic compounds via reforming, for example, using conventional reforming techniques, preferably using the AROMAX™ process or traditional rheniforming conditions.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon streams are hydrogenated catalytically without using a different solvent from the hydrocarbon stream to be hydrogenated, with a basic compound being added to the starting-material stream. The formation of undesired secondary components on the catalyst is thereby effectively prevented.

Abstract: A process of treating a catalyst composition containing palladium, an inorganic support, and a catalyst component, such as silver and/or a modifier such as alkali metal fluoride, is provided. The process involves contacting a catalyst composition with a first treating agent comprising carbon monoxide under a first treating condition to provide a treated catalyst composition. As an option, such treated catalyst composition can then be contacted with a second treating agent comprising a hydrogen-containing fluid under a second treating condition. The treated catalyst composition can be used in a selective hydrogenation process in which highly unsaturated hydrocarbons such as diolefins and/or alkynes are contacted with such treated catalyst composition in the presence of hydrogen to produce less unsaturated hydrocarbons such as monoolefins.

Abstract: A catalyst and process is disclosed to selectively upgrade a paraffinic feedstock to obtain an isoparaffin-rich product for blending into gasoline. The catalyst comprises a support of a sulfated oxide or hydroxide of a Group IVB (IUPAC 4) metal, a first component of at least one lanthanide element or yttrium component, which is preferably ytterbium, and at least one platinum-group metal component which is preferably platinum.

Abstract: Ferrocenyldiphosphin-ruthenium complexes are new and good catalysts for the hydrogenation of exocyclic double bond of d-Thiophene 3 to d-Thiophane 4, both of which are intermediates of D-Biotin 1 synthesis. in which R signifies —OCH3(3a), —OCH2CH3(3b), —CH2COOH(3c), CH2COOCH3(3d) or —CH2COOEt(3e) and Bz signifies benzyl group.

Abstract: A novel phosphine ligand is an enantiomerically enriched compound of formula 5 or the opposite enantiomer thereof, wherein Ar1 and Ar2 represent the same or different aromatic groups of up to 20 C atoms. A transition metal complex of this ligand is useful as a catalyst in stereoselective hydrogenation.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for the hydrogenation of a hydrocarbon feed containing thiophenic sulfur contaminants, wherein the entire feed is contacted with a nickel catalyst, the improvement comprising contacting the said feed additionally with a platinum group metal prior to or simultaneously with contacting the nickel.

Abstract: Three-phase chemical hydrogenation reactions involving the processing of gas-liquid reactant feed streams over “mini-structured” solid catalyst beds formed e.g., of channeled honeycomb monoliths incorporating solid catalysts achieve reaction efficiencies suitable for effective integral reactor operation by utilizing low superficial liquid linear velocities and high feedstream gas:liquid ratios; single-pass conversion efficiencies in excess of 50%, typically 80-100%, are achieved.

Abstract: The invention provides a polynuclear compound comprising two or more metal-hapto-3-capped nidocarborane groups. Also provided is the use of such a compound as a catalyst in a chemical reaction such as a hydrogenation or oxidation reaction.

Abstract: Improved hydrogenation catalysts, catalyst formulations and methods employing them. Activity of Ru(II) complexes as hydrogenation catalysts is enhanced by addition of Lewis base as a cocatalyst.

Abstract: The cationic iridium carbene complexes [Ir(cod)(N)(L)]X have been synthesized by reaction of [Ir(cod)(py)2]PF6 with L or NL ligands. Complexes of this type are active hydrogenation catalysts capable of hydrogenating simple olefins at room temperature and atmospheric pressure of hydrogen or by transfer hydrogenation.

Abstract: In a catalyst process involving a conversion reaction for organic compounds, e.g. hydrogenations, the catalyst contains at least one support and at least one metal, and is characterized in that it has particles of an average size greater than approximately 1 nm, and more than 80% of particles, the size of which is comprised in the range D±(D.0.2) where D represents the average size of the particles. The catalyst is prepared in a colloidal suspension, in aqueous phase, of the metal oxide or metals to be supported, then depositing this suspension on a support, and optionally reducing the oxide thus supported.

Abstract: Organic compounds are hydrogenated in the presence of certain bis(pentadienyl) divalent Group IV metal complexes having &pgr;-bound, neutral, conjugated diene ligands. These complexes are effective hydrogenation catalysts for polymers containing ethylenic unsaturation. They further provide for selective hydrogenation of ethylenic unsaturation sites in the presence of aromatic groups.

Abstract: Carbon monolith-supported catalysts with high leach resistance used in catalytic applications involving strong acidic and basic conditions in a pH range of from 0 to 6.5 and from 7.5 to 14, are respectively described. The leach resistance of the catalyst system originates from strong interaction between the catalyst and the unsaturated valence of the carbon surface. In addition to surprisingly high resistance to leach out, the catalysts also have substantial differential advantages in catalyst performance: catalyst activity, selectivity, and stability.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalyst comprising at least two group VIII metals, chlorine, fluorine, and at least one amorphous oxide matrix. The catalytic composition is such that the fluorine content is 1.5% by weight or more of the total catalyst mass. The invention also concerns the use of this catalyst in hydrogenating aromatic compounds contained in feeds comprising sulphurated compounds.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is provided which can be used for hydrogenating a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon such as an alkyne or a diolefin. The catalyst composition contains palladium, a catalyst component of either silver or an alkali metal compound, or both silver and an alkali metal compound, and a metal aluminate catalyst support. Such metal aluminate catalyst support is prepared by a process of incorporating alumina with a metal component, preferably impregnating alumina with a melted metal component, to thereby provide a metal-incorporated alumina followed by drying and high temperature calcining to thereby provide a metal aluminate catalyst support. The catalyst composition disclosed can be used for hydrogenating a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon to a less unsaturated hydrocarbon. The process involves contacting a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon with a catalyst composition in the presence of hydrogen under a hydrogenation condition sufficient to effect a hydrogenation of the highly unsaturated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalyst comprising at least one group VIII metal, at least one additional metal, at least two halogens, including chlorine and fluorine, and at least one amorphous oxide matrix. The catalytic composition is such that the fluorine content is 1.5% by weight or more of the total catalyst mass. The invention also concerns the use of this catalyst in hydrogenating aromatic compounds contained in feeds comprising sulphurated compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel mimetics of the tetrasaccharides sialyl-Lewis-X and sialyl-Lewis-A having an improved action as inhibitors of cell adhesion, to a process for the preparation of these compounds and to their use as pharmacological active compounds and diagnostic agents.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for the hydroprocessing of a hydrocarbon feedstock wherein a catalyst composition is contacted with the feedstock. The catalyst composition comprises bulk catalyst particles comprising at least one Group VIII non-noble metal and at least two Group VIB metals made by a process comprising combining and reacting at least one Group VIII non-noble metal component with at least two Group VIB metal components in the presence of a protic liquid, with at least one of the metal components remaining at least partly in the solid state during the entire process.

Abstract: A process for the reaction of an organic compound in the presence of a catalyst comprising, as active metal, ruthenium alone or together with at least one Group Ib, VIIb, or VIIIb metal in an amount of from 0.01 to 30 wt %, based on the total weight of the catalyst, applied to a support, wherein from 10 to 50% of the pore volume of the support comprises macropores having a pore diameter in the range of from 50 nm to 10,000 nm and from 50 to 90% of the pore volume of the support comprises mesopores having a pore diameter in the range of from 2 to 50 nm, the sum of said pore volumes being 100%, and said catalyst as such.

Abstract: Porous composite particles are provided which comprise an aluminum oxide component. e.g., crystalline boehmite, and a swellable clay component, e.g., synthetic hectorite, intimately dispersed within the aluminum oxide component at an amount effective to increase the hydrothermal stability, pore volume, and/or the mesopore pore mode of the composite particles relative to the absence of the swellable clay. Also provided is a method for making the composite particles, agglomerate particles derived therefrom, and a process for hydroprocessing petroleum feedstock using the agglomerates to support a hydroprocessing catalyst.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for converting hydrocarbons in which said feed is treated in a distillation zone associated with a reaction zone, the feed for the reaction zone being drawn off at the height of at least one draw-off level, the effluent from the reaction zone being re-introduced into the distillation zone at the height of a re-introduction level, said process being characterized in that a liquid effluent is also withdrawn from the distillation zone at the height of a withdrawal level, said liquid effluent being treated in a gas-liquid side separation zone (splitter), the gaseous effluent being re-introduced into the distillation zone and the liquid effluent being recovered as an intermediate cut. This process can be used to reduce the benzene content of a hydrocarbon cut and to recover a naphtha cut.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst which is sulfur tolerant and which includes from about 0.1 to about 1 percent platinum by weight and from 0.2 to about 2 percent by weight palladium on a predominantly theta alumina carrier. Also disclosed is a process for the manufacture and use of the hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: Hydrogenation of a liquid cut containing hydrocarbons, in particular unsaturated molecules containing at least two double bonds or at least one triple bond, is described wherein the unsaturated molecules are at hydrogenated to less unsaturated molecules containing at least one double bond, in at least one reactor comprising at least two distinct beds of at least one hydrogenation catalyst, and wherein a gas phase containing hydrogen is introduced, a portion thereof being mixed with said cut upstream of the first catalyst bed and a portion thereof being introduced upstream of the subsequent beds contained in said reactor.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a catalyst useful for conducting carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactions, particularly Fischer-Tropsch reactions; the catalyst compositions, use of the catalyst compositions for conducting such reactions, and the products of these reactions. The steps of the process for producing the catalyst comprise mixing together in solution (a) a compound, or salt of a Group VIII metal, e.g., Co(NO3)2; (b) a compound, or salt of magnesium, e.g., Mg(NO3)2; (c) a refractory inorganic oxide, e.g., kieselguhr; and (d) an ammonium or alkali metal salt precipitating agent, e.g., Na2CO3, to produce a precipitated solids mass, or catalyst precursor, shaping and then reducing the precipitated solids mass, or catalyst precursor, to form a catalyst. In the preparation a solution of (a)+(b) can be added to a solution of (c) and (d) and precipitated as a particulate solids mass.

Abstract: A cis-olefin of the formula: R1—CH═CH—R2 is prepared by reducing an alkyne of the formula: R1—C≡C—R2 with formic acid in the presence of a palladium catalyst. R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, ester group, substituted silyl group, carboxyl group, cyano group, aliphatic C1-C20 hydrocarbon group, and phenyl group. The cis-olefin which is a useful intermediate for the synthesis of fine chemicals is selectively produced in high yields.

Abstract: A process for preparing higher oxo alcohols from mixtures of isomeric olefins having from 5 to 24 carbon atoms by two-stage hydroformylation in the presence of a cobalt catalyst or rhodium catalyst at elevated temperature and at elevated pressure, which comprises selectively hydrogenating the first hydroformylation stage reaction mixture, separating the hydrogenation mixture in a distillation into crude alcohol and low-boilers predominantly consisting of olefins, passing these low-boilers to the second hydroformylation stage, again selectively hydrogenating the second hydroformylation stage reaction mixture, separating the hydrogenation mixture in one distillation into crude alcohol and low-boilers, working up the crude alcohol by distillation to pure alcohol and taking off at least some of the low-boilers to discharge saturated hydrocarbons.

Abstract: In a catalyst process involving a conversion reaction for organic compounds, e.g. hydrogenations, the catalyst contains at least one support and at least one metal, and is characterized in that it has particles of an average size greater than approximately 1 nm, and more than 80% of particles, the size of which is comprised in the range D±(D.0.2) where D represents the average size of the particles. The catalyst is prepared in a colloidal suspension, in aqueous phase, of the metal oxide or metals to be supported, then depositing this suspension on a support, and optionally reducing the oxide thus supported.

Abstract: A catalyst packing which can be produced by vapor deposition and/or sputtering of at least one substance active as catalyst and/or promotor onto woven or knitted fabrics or sheets as support material is used in a process for catalytic distillation in which a heterogeneously catalyzed reaction is combined with a simultaneous distillation or rectification over the catalyst packing.