Abstract: A novel method for improving electrical insulating hydrocarbon. The electrical insulating substance is obtained by dehydrogenating aromatic hydrocarbons having two aromatic nuclei. The electrical insulating substance itself or a mixture of it with other electrical insulating oils is suitable for use in impregnation of electrical appliances.

Abstract: A zeolite related to zeolite L and having a characteristic cylindrical morphology may be prepared from a crystallization gel comprising (in mole ratios of oxides):______________________________________ K.sub.2 O/SiO.sub.2 0.22-0.36 H.sub.2 O/K.sub.2 O 25-90 SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 6-15 ______________________________________and preferably with the mole ratio H.sub.2 O/K.sub.2 O+Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 +SiO.sub.2 being at least 8. The cylindrical Zeolite L may be used as a catalyst base in aromatization of acyclic hydrocarbons with high benzene yields being sustained over commercially feasible periods.

Abstract: For the preparation of methallylbenzene (.alpha.-olefin) and isobutenylbenzene (.beta.-olefin), and their p-substituted alkyl derivatives of Formulae 1 and 2, respectively, thermal cracking of neophyl chloride and the corresponding p-substituted neophyl chlorides of Formula 3 is performed, in the presence of an inhibitor for radical polymerization, with the resultant cracked product olefins of Formula 2 then isomerized to the corresponding .alpha.-olefin of Formula 1 by a further distillation in the presence of a mixture containing a basic compound and a polar solvent.

Abstract: An electrical insulating oil which is suitable for use in impregnating electrical appliances such as capacitors, cables and transformers, especially those in which plastic materials are used partially or totally as dielectrics or insulating materials, and electrical appliances that are impregnated with the above electrical insulating oil. The electrical insulating oil of the invention contains at least one monoolefin and/or diolefin having three condensed or non-condensed aromatic rings.

Abstract: An improved electrical insulating oil which is stable in refining treatment and good electrical properties are maintained under high temperature conditions, and oil-filled electrical appliances impregnated therewith. The electrical insulating oil comprises 1,1,-diarylalkenes which are represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 's are the same or different and each of them is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and m and n are integers from 0 to 3, inclusive.

Abstract: The self condensation of monovinyl aromatic compounds to acyclic dimers, the cross-reaction of monovinyl aromatic compounds with olefins in the presence of acid catalysts to produce cyclialkylated aromatic compounds, and the production of cyclialkylated aromatic compounds by reaction of olefins with acyclic dimers of monovinyl aromatic compounds in the presence of acid catalysts is improved by employing a tetrahydrothiophene 1,1-dioxide solvent.

Abstract: Provided is a process for converting an aromatic compound to prepare an iodoarene, Ar--I, and an aryl compound which is a compound wherein an unsaturated compound is bonded directly to an aryl group, Ar, which process comprises reacting a diaryliodonium salt represented by general formula (I)[Ar--I.sup..sym. --Ar]X.sup..crclbar. (I)wherein Ar is an aryl group which may be substituted and two Ar's are identical and X.sup..crclbar. is a counter ion inert to the reaction with the unsaturated compound in a solvent in the presence of a transition metal catalyst and a base or a reducing metal, said reaction being carried out at a temperature not higher than 80.degree. C. and/or by using at least one of the base, the reducing metal and the unsaturated compound in an amount not more than 1.

Abstract: An improved electrical insulating oil and oil-filled electrical appliances impregnated therewith. The electrical insulating oil is quite suitable for use in oil-filled electrical appliances in which insulating materials or dielectric materials made of plastics are employed. The electrical insulating oil comprises (a) an electrical insulating oil except polyaromatic hydrocarbons and (b) an aromatic monoolefin and/or diolefin having two condensed or noncondensed aromatic nuclei.

Abstract: A method for dehydrogenating dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons which comprises contacting hydrocarbon with an oxide of Tb having combined therewith an amount of alkali and/or alkaline earth metal which is sufficient to improve the selectivity to dehydrogenated hydrocarbon products. The oxide is reduced by the contact which is carried at about 500.degree. to 1000.degree. C. Reducible oxides of Tb are regenerated by oxidizing the reduced composition with molecular oxygen. Solids prepared from the oxide Tb.sub.4 O.sub.7 are particularly effective in the process.

Abstract: Prepare vinyl aromatic compounds in a fluidized bed by oxydehydrogenation in the presence of an alkaline earth metal-nickel phosphate catalyst.

Abstract: A process for preparing a metal oxygen composition capable of dehydrocoupling toluene wherein metal oxides such as Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3, PbO, and Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 are admixed with an organic media such as isobutanol and heated to form a metal oxygen precursor composition which is recovered and calcined is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for dehydrocoupling a hydrocarbon, such as toluene, using oxygen as the oxidant, in the presence of a crystalline zeolite of the faujasite structure containing a cation such as cesium, and a promoter, such as boron and/or phosphorus is disclosed.

Abstract: A 1,1-diphenylethane and an aromatic compound such as benzene are reacted in the presence of a Friedel-Craft's catalyst to provide a compound having two 1,1-diaromatic substituted ethane groups, dehydrogenation provides a bis(1-phenylethenyl)aromatic compound.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which Z, Z.sub.1, R, m and p are as defined in patent claim 1, can be obtained in a simple and economical manner by a novel process wherein a halide of the formula II ##STR2## is reacted with a substituted or unsubstituted vinylbenzene or vinylnaphthalene derivative in the presence of a base and of certain palladium catalysts, such as palladium acetate. The compounds (I) or functional derivatives preparable therefrom are useful, for example, for the preparation of known dyes or fluorescent brighteners, or can be used directly as fluorescent brighteners or as scintillators.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of ring-halogenated styrene monomers of high purity. These are of value in the production of polymers which possess flame retardance. The process of the invention comprises reacting heterogenously ring halogenated beta-bromoethyl benzene with a strong aqueous alkali base in the presence of a quaternary phase transfer catalyst until substantially all the bromoethyl benzene has undergone reaction, separating the phases, washing and neutralizing the organic phase and recovering the ring-halogenated styrene monomer, which is the desired product.

Abstract: Ethylbenzene is converted to styrene at high selectivity in a multistage process in which ethylbenzene is oxidized to ethylbenzene hydroperoxide which is reacted with ethylene or propylene to produce a mixture of 1-phenylethanol and acetophenone which are converted to styrene.

Abstract: New organo-lithium initiators, their synthesis, and their use. The initiators have the formula: ##STR1## in which R" is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical; either n is 1, in which case R' = H and m and p are integers, the sum of which is between 0 and 10 inclusive, or n is 2, R' then being an alkyl radical of 2 to 8 carbon atoms and m =p =0; and R is an alkyl radical of 1 to 4 carbon atoms.The initiators are prepared by reacting compounds of the formula: ##STR2## with an alkyl-lithium RLi in a non-polar solvent in the absence of any polar solvent or complexing agent.The initiators are used to prepare polydienes of high stereoregularity by reacting with a diene, and the polydiene is used to prepare a three-block or star copolymer by reacting with an anionically polymerizable monomer.