Abstract: A method for alkylation of a feedstock is described. The method includes contacting the feedstock comprising at least one alkylatable aromatic compound and an alkylating agent with a first alkylating catalyst composition under alkylating conditions, the first alkylating catalyst composition comprising UZM-8 zeolite and a binder, the first alkylating catalyst composition having less than 50 wt% UZM-8 zeolite; wherein a total alkylated selectivity at a temperature and a molar ratio of alkylatable aromatic compound to alkylating agent is greater than 99.0%.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing alkyl aromatic compounds. The process comprises contacting an alkane under dehydrogenation conditions in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst, e.g., a pincer iridium catalyst, to form olefins, and then contacting the olefins generated with an aromatic compound under alkylation conditions. Both reactions are conducted in a single reactor, and occur simultaneously.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the direct alkylation of aromatic compounds with alkanes. To this end a judicious catalyst combination is provided. The composition comprises palladium as a catalytically active metal, and zinc as a promoter, or a metal such as tin having a comparable promoting action. The metals are contained in a zeolite support, or a similar support of a metal organic framework type or a silico alumino phosphate type.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a monoalkylated benzene comprising the step of contacting benzene with an alkylating agent in the presence of a catalyst composition under effective alkylation conditions to form said monoalkylated benzene and polyalkylated benzene, said catalyst composition comprising MCM-56 and a binder, such that the crystal/binder weight ratio in said catalyst composition is from about 20/80 to about 80/20, wherein said polyalkylated benzene comprises dialkylated benzene and trialkylated benzene, and the weight ratio of trialkylated benzene to dialkylated benzene is in the range from about 0.08 to about 0.12.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a monoalkylated aromatic compound comprising the step of contacting an alkylatable aromatic compound with an alkylating agent in the presence of a catalyst composition under effective alkylation conditions, said catalyst composition comprising MCM-56 and a binder, such that the crystal/binder weight ratio in the catalyst composition is from above 20/80 to about 80/20.

Abstract: A method of producing an alkylaromatic by the alkylation of an aromatic with an alkylating agent, such as producing ethylbenzene by an alkylation reaction of benzene, is disclosed. The method includes using an H-beta catalyst to minimize process upsets due to alkylation catalyst deactivation and the resulting catalyst regeneration or replacement. The H-beta catalyst can be used in a preliminary alkylation reactor that is located upstream of the primary alkylation reactor. The H-beta catalyst used in a preliminary alkylation reactor can reduce the deactivation of the catalyst in the primary alkylation reactor.

Abstract: Methods of forming ethylbenzene are described herein. In one embodiment, the method includes contacting dilute ethylene with benzene in the presence of an alkylation catalyst to form ethylbenzene, wherein such contact occurs in a reaction zone containing a gaseous phase and recovering ethylbenzene from the reaction zone.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline microporous silicometallophosphates designated MAPSO-64 and modified forms thereof have been synthesized. These silicometallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula R+rMm2+EPxSiyOz where R is an organoammonium cation such as ETMA+ or DEDMA+, M is an alkaline earth or transition metal cation of valence 2+, and E is a trivalent framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The MAPSO-64 compositions are characterized by a BPH framework topology and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes, and separation properties for separating at least one component.

Abstract: A process for making styrene including providing toluene, a co-feed, and a C1 source to a reactor containing a catalyst having acid sites and reacting toluene with the C1 source in the presence of the catalyst and the co-feed to form a product stream containing ethylbenzene and styrene, wherein the C1 source is selected from methanol, formaldehyde, formalin, trioxane, methylformcel, paraformaldehyde, methylal, dimethyl ether, and wherein the co-feed removes at least a portion of the acid sites on the catalyst. The co-feed can be selected from the group of aniline, amines, cresol, anisol, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: The method of making diethylbenzene selectively produces diethylbenzene by reacting ethylbenzene and ethanol over a zeolite catalyst, such as ZSM-5. The zeolite catalyst is first heated in argon gas within a reaction chamber. The zeolite catalyst is then selectively coked with a precursor mixture of ethylbenzene and ethanol. Argon gas is then flowed over the coked zeolite catalyst, and a reaction mixture of ethylbenzene and ethanol is injected into the reaction chamber to produce diethylbenzene, which is then removed from within the reaction chamber.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method wherein a high-purity paraxylene can be produced efficiently by using a catalyst having a molecular sieving action (or shape selectivity) and being excellent in the catalytic activity without isomerization and adsorption-separation steps. More particularly, it relates to a method of producing a high-purity paraxylene, characterized in that MFI type zeolite having a primary particle size of not more than 100 ?m, a structure defining agent and silica material having an average particle size of not less than 10 nm but less than 1.0 ?m are used as a starting material, and a synthetic zeolite catalyst produced by subjecting the MFI type zeolite to a coating treatment with an aqueous solution obtained by mixing so as to satisfy X×Y<0.05 (wherein X is a concentration of the silica material (mol %) and Y is a concentration of the structure defining agent (mol %)) is used in the alkylation or disproportionation of at least one of benzene and toluene as a starting material.

Abstract: A method for producing a zeolite catalyst includes mixing a zeolite material with a filler material comprising transition phase and alpha alumina, a porosity enhancing agent, and water to produce a paste; mulling the paste; extruding the paste to produce a shaped extrudate; and drying and calcining the shaped extrudate to produce a zeolite catalyst, wherein the zeolite catalyst has a total porosity greater than about 0.60 ml/gm and greater than 15% of a total pore volume of pores in the range from about 550 ? to about 31,000 ?.

Abstract: The method of making para-diethylbenzene selectively produces para-diethylbenzene by reacting ethylbenzene and ethanol over a zeolite catalyst, such as ZSM-5. The zeolite catalyst is first silylated, preferably through multiple silylation. The silylated zeolite catalyst is then partially coked to form a treated catalyst. The treated catalyst is placed in argon gas in a reaction chamber, and the argon gas is flowed over the treated catalyst. A feedstock mixture of ethylbenzene and ethanol in a molar ratio of 1:1 is then injected into the reaction chamber at a temperature of about 300° C. to produce the para-diethylbenzene, which is then removed from the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites has been synthesized that has been designated UZM-43. These zeolites are similar to previously known ERS-10, SSZ-47 and RUB-35 zeolites but are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns and compositions and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes. Catalysts made from these zeolites are useful in hydrocarbon conversion reactions.

Abstract: A new family of aluminosilicate zeolites designated UZM-44 has been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to IM-5 but are characterized by unique compositions and synthesis procedures and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for carrying out various separations.

Abstract: A aromatic alkylation catalyst, processes for producing the catalyst, and aromatic alkylation processes employing the catalysts are disclosed. The catalyst comprises a UZM-8 zeolite and nitrogen, and the catalyst has a nitrogen to zeolite aluminum molar ratio of at least about 0.015. In an exemplary alkylation process, the catalyst provides improved product yield.

Abstract: A new family of aluminosilicate zeolites designated UZM-44 has been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to IM-5 but are characterized by unique compositions and synthesis procedures and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for carrying out various separations.

Abstract: A method of crystallizing a crystalline molecular sieve having a pore size in the range of from about 2 to about 19 ?, said method comprising the steps of (a) providing a mixture comprising at least one source of ions of tetravalent element (Y), at least one hydroxide source (OH), and water, said mixture having a solid-content in the range of from about 15 wt. % to about 50 wt. %; and (b) treating said mixture to form the desired crystalline molecular sieve with stirring at crystallization conditions sufficient to obtain a weight hourly throughput from about 0.005 to about 1 hr?1, wherein said crystallization conditions comprise a temperature in the range of from about 200° C. to about 500° C. and a crystallization time less than 100 hr.

Abstract: Methods of forming ethylbenzene are described herein. In one embodiment, the method includes contacting dilute ethylene with benzene in the presence of an alkylation catalyst to form ethylbenzene, wherein such contact occurs in a liquid phase reaction zone and recovering ethylbenzene from the reaction zone.

Abstract: Methods of forming ethylbenzene are described herein. In one embodiment, the method includes contacting dilute ethylene with benzene in the presence of an alkylation catalyst to form ethylbenzene, wherein such contact occurs in a reaction zone containing a gaseous phase and recovering ethylbenzene from the reaction zone.

Abstract: Process for the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons by means of olefins containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, which comprises feeding the hydrocarbon, olefin, and possibly water, to the head of a fixed-bed reactor, operating with a “trickle flow” regime, containing at least one layer of a catalyst comprising a medium- or large-pore zeolite.

Abstract: A new family of aluminosilicate zeolites designated UZM-44 has been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. UZM-44 may be used to catalyze an aromatic transformation process by contacting a feed comprising at least a first aromatic with UZM-44 at hydrocarbon conversion conditions to produce at least a second aromatic.

Abstract: A method for alkylation of a feedstock is described. The method includes contacting the feedstock comprising at least one alkylatable aromatic compound and an alkylating agent with a first alkylating catalyst composition under alkylating conditions, the first alkylating catalyst composition comprising UZM-8 zeolite and a binder, the first alkylating catalyst composition having less than 50 wt % UZM-8 zeolite; wherein a total alkylated selectivity at a temperature and a molar ratio of alkylatable aromatic compound to alkylating agent is greater than 99.0%.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an EMM-12 molecular sieve having, in its as-synthesized form and in calcined form, an X-ray diffraction pattern including peaks having a d-spacing maximum in the range of 14.17 to 12.57 Angstroms, a d-spacing maximum in the range of 12.1 to 12.56 Angstroms, and non-discrete scattering between about 8.85 to 11.05 Angstroms or exhibit a valley in between the peaks having a d-spacing maximum in the range of 10.14 to 12.0 Angstroms and a d-spacing maximum in the range from 8.66 to 10.13 Angstroms with measured intensity corrected for background at the lowest point being not less than 50% of the point at the same XRD d-spacing on the line connecting maxima in the range of 10.14 to 12.0 Angstroms and in the range from 8.66 to 10.13 Angstroms.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline microporous metallophosphates designated AlPO-67 has been synthesized. These metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula R+rMm2+EPxSiyOz where R is an organoammonium cation such as the ETMA+ or DEDMA+, M is a framework metal alkaline earth or transition metal of valence 2+, and E is a trivalent framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The AlPO-67 compositions have the LEV topology and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes, and separation properties for separating at least one component.

Abstract: A process for producing para-xylene, by (a) contacting toluene with methanol in the presence of an alkylation catalyst under conditions effective to produce an alkylation effluent comprising xylenes and a by-product mixture comprising water, dimethyl ether and C4? hydrocarbons; (b) separating the alkylation effluent into a first fraction containing xylenes and a second fraction containing the by-product mixture; (c) removing water from the second fraction to produce a dried by-product mixture; (d) fractionating the dried by-product mixture to separate the mixture into a bottoms stream containing dimethyl ether and an overhead stream containing at least some of the C4- hydrocarbons; and (e) recovering ethylene and propylene from the overhead stream.

Abstract: Alkylation systems and methods of minimizing alkylation catalyst regeneration are described herein. The alkylation systems generally include a preliminary alkylation system adapted to receive an input stream including an alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon and contact the input stream with a preliminary alkylation catalyst disposed therein to form a first output stream. The preliminary alkylation catalyst generally includes a zeolite catalyst having a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of less than about 25. The alkylation systems further include a first alkylation system adapted to receive the first output stream and contact the first output stream with a first alkylation catalyst disposed therein and an alkylating agent to form a second output stream.

Abstract: The method of making diethylbenzene selectively produces diethylbenzene by reacting ethyibenzene and ethanol over a zeolite catalyst, such as ZSM-5. The zeolite catalyst is first heated in argon gas within a reaction chamber. The zeolite catalyst is then selectively coked with a precursor mixture of ethylbenzene and ethanol. Argon gas is then flowed over the coked zeolite catalyst, and a reaction mixture of ethylbenzene and ethanol is injected into the reaction chamber to produce diethylbenzene, which is then removed from within the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A new family of coherently grown composites of TUN and IMF zeotypes have been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to TNU-9 and IM-5 but are characterized by unique compositions and synthesis procedures and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for carrying out various separations.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for increasing a mole ratio of methyl to phenyl of one or more aromatic compounds in a feed. The process can include reacting an effective amount of one or more aromatic compounds and an effective amount of one or more aromatic methylating agents to form a product having a mole ratio of methyl to phenyl of at least about 0.1:1 greater than the feed.

Abstract: A new family of coherently grown composites of TUN and IMF zeotypes have been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to TNU-9 and IM-5 but are characterized by unique compositions and synthesis procedures and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for carrying out various separations.

Abstract: Alkylation systems and methods of minimizing alkylation catalyst regeneration are discussed herein. The alkylation systems generally include a preliminary alkylation system adapted to receive an input stream including an alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon and contact the input stream with a first preliminary alkylation catalyst disposed therein to form a first output stream. The first preliminary alkylation catalyst generally includes a Y zeolite. The systems further include a first alkylation system adapted to receive the first output stream and contact the first output stream with a first alkylation catalyst disposed therein and an alkylating agent to form a second output stream.

Abstract: This invention relates to a crystalline molecular sieve having, in its as-synthesized form, an X-ray diffraction pattern including d-spacing maxima at 13.18±0.25 and 12.33±0.23 Angstroms, wherein the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 13.18±0.25 Angstroms is at least as great as 90% of the peak intensity of the d-spacing maximum at 12.33±0.23 Angstroms. This invention also relates to a method of making thereof.

Abstract: In a process for alkylation of an alkylatable aromatic compound to produce a monoalkylated aromatic compound, a first feed stream comprising fresh alkylatable aromatic compound is passed to a first reaction zone which comprises a transalkylation catalyst and which also receives a second feed stream comprising polyalkylated aromatic compounds. The first and second feed streams are contacted with the transalkylation catalyst in the first reaction zone under conditions to transalkylate the polyalkylated aromatic compounds with the alkylatable aromatic compound to produce the desired monoalkylated aromatic compound. A first effluent stream comprising unreacted alkylatable aromatic compound and the monoalkylated aromatic compound is removed from the first reaction zone and passed to a fractionation system to separate the first effluent stream into a first light fraction comprising the unreacted alkylatable aromatic compound and a first heavy fraction comprising the monoalkylated aromatic compound.

Abstract: A new family of coherently grown composites of TUN and IMF zeotypes has been synthesized and shown to be effective catalysts for aromatic transformation reactions. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents at least one meta, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, “t” is the mole ratio of N from the organic structure directing agent or agents to (Al+E), and E is a framework element such as gallium. The process involves contacting at least a first aromatic with the coherently grown composites of TUN and IMF zeotypes to produce at least a second aromatic.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of alkylated aromatics by contacting a feed stream comprising an alkylatable aromatic, an alkylating agent and trace amounts of water and impurities in the presence of first and second alkylation catalysts wherein the water and impurities are removed in order to improve the cycle length of such alkylation catalysts. Water and a portion of impurities are removed in a dehydration zone. A first alkylation zone having a first alkylation catalyst which, in some embodiments is a large pore molecular sieve, acts to remove a larger portion of impurities, such as nitrogenous and other species, and to alkylate a smaller portion of the alkylatable aromatic compound. A second alkylation zone, which in some embodiments is a medium pore molecular sieve, acts to remove a smaller portion of impurities, and to alkylate a larger portion of the alkylatable aromatic compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the conversion of oxygenates to olefins, wherein the catalyst comprises one or more zeolites of the MFI, MEL and/or MWW structure type and particles of one or more metal oxides, the one or more zeolites of the MFI, MEL and/or MWW structure type comprising one or more alkaline earth metals, and the particles of the one or more metal oxides comprising phosphorus, the phosphorus being present at least partly in oxidic form, and the one or more alkaline earth metals being selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and combinations of two or more thereof, to the preparation and use thereof, and to a process for converting oxygenates to olefins using the catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for converting oxygenates to olefins, comprising (1) providing a gas stream comprising one or more ethers; (2) contacting the gas stream provided in (1) with a catalyst, the catalyst comprising a support substrate and a layer applied to the substrate, the layer comprising one or more zeolites of the MFI, MEL and/or MWW structure type.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the conversion of oxygenates to olefins, comprising a support substrate and a layer applied to the substrate, wherein the layer comprises one or more zeolites of the MFI, MEL and/or MWW structure type, the one or more zeolites comprising one or more alkaline earth metals, to the preparation and use thereof, and to a process for converting oxygenates to olefins using the catalyst.

Abstract: A aromatic alkylation catalyst, processes for producing the catalyst, and aromatic alkylation processes employing the catalysts are disclosed. The catalyst comprises a UZM-8 zeolite and nitrogen, and the catalyst has a nitrogen to zeolite aluminum molar ratio of at least about 0.015. In an exemplary alkylation process, the catalyst provides improved product yield.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of efficiently producing a high-purity para-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon while suppressing caulking without requiring isomerization-adsorption separation steps, and more particularly to a method of producing a para-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon, characterized in that a methylating agent and an aromatic hydrocarbon are reacted in the presence of a catalyst formed by coating MFI type zeolite having a particle size of not more than 100 ?m with a crystalline silicate.

Abstract: Processes for preparing alkylation aromatic compounds are provided. One process for preparing alkylated aromatic compounds includes reacting an aromatic compound and an olefin in at least one primary alkylation reaction in the presence of a first alkylation catalyst to produce a first effluent. The first effluent is split into a first product-rich stream and a first recycle stream, and the first recycle stream is recycled to the at least one primary alkylation reaction. Unreacted aromatic compound from the first product-rich stream and an additional olefin are reacted in at least one downstream alkylation reaction in the presence of a second alkylation catalyst to produce a second effluent. The second effluent is split into a second product-rich stream and a second recycle stream, and the second recycle stream is recycled to the at least one primary alkylation reaction and, optionally, to the at least one downstream alkylation reaction.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel NU-85 molecular sieve having a specific surface area ranging from about 405 m2/g to about 470 m2/g and a pore volume ranging from about 0.27 cm3/g to about 0.35 cm3/g, and processes for preparing the NU-85 molecular sieve.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for increasing a mole ratio of methyl to phenyl of one or more aromatic compounds in a feed. The process can include reacting an effective amount of one or more aromatic compounds and an effective amount of one or more non-aromatic compounds to convert about 90%, by weight, of one or more C6+ non-aromatic compounds.

Abstract: A new family of aluminosilicate zeolites designated UZM-44 has been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1?xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. UZM-44 may be used to catalyze an aromatic transformation process by contacting a feed comprising at least a first aromatic with UZM-44 at hydrocarbon conversion conditions to produce at least a second aromatic.

Abstract: A new family of aluminosilicate zeolites designated UZM-44 has been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to IM-5 but are characterized by unique compositions and synthesis procedures and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for carrying out various separations.

Abstract: Processes for preparing alkylation aromatic compounds are provided herein. In an embodiment, a process for preparing alkylated aromatic compounds includes reacting an aromatic compound and an olefin in a first alkylation reaction in the presence of a first alkylation catalyst to produce a first effluent that includes an alkylated aromatic compound and unreacted aromatic compound. Unreacted aromatic compound from the first effluent and additional olefin are reacted in at least one downstream alkylation reaction in the presence of a second alkylation catalyst to produce a second effluent including the alkylated aromatic compound. A recycle stream including the alkylated aromatic compound is recycled from the second effluent to the at least one downstream alkylation reaction and, optionally, the first alkylation reaction. A ratio of the recycle stream to a total mass flow is greater in the at least one downstream alkylation reaction than in the first alkylation reaction.

Abstract: In a process for alkylating benzene contained in a benzene-containing refinery gasoline stream, the benzene-containing refinery gasoline stream is contacted with an alkylating agent selected from one or more C2 to C5 olefins in at least one alkylation reaction zone under alkylation conditions to produce an alkylated effluent which has reduced benzene content as compared with said refinery gasoline stream and is essentially free of said alkylating agent. An aliquot of the alkylated effluent is then recycled to the one at least one alkylation reaction zone such that the molar ratio of alkylatable aromatic compounds to said alkylating agent in the combined refinery gasoline and recycle streams introduced into the at least one alkylation reaction zone is at least 1.0:1.

Abstract: A process for reducing the benzene content of gasoline stream, such as a reformate or light naphtha, comprises alkylating the gasoline stream in a reaction zone with an olefin alkylating agent. A paraffinic stream comprising C5 to ClO paraffins is fed to the inlet of the alkylation reaction zone.

Abstract: A method of crystallizing a crystalline molecular sieve having a pore size in the range of from about 2 to about 19 ?, said method comprising the steps of (a) providing a mixture comprising at least one source of ions of tetravalent element (Y), at least one hydroxide source (OH?), and water, said mixture having a solid-content in the range of from about 15 wt. % to about 50 wt. %; and (b) treating said mixture to form the desired crystalline molecular sieve with stirring at crystallization conditions sufficient to obtain a weight hourly throughput from about 0.005 to about 1 hr?1, wherein said crystallization conditions comprise a temperature in the range of from about 200° C. to about 500° C. and a crystallization time less than 100 hr.