Abstract: A process for removing carbon dioxide from a gas stream containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide comprising subjecting the gas stream to a first stage high-temperature selective catalytic methanation to lower the carbon monoxide concentration in the gas but not below a concentration which allows carbon dioxide methanation to take place, followed by a second stage low selective catalytic methanation to lower the residual carbon monoxide in the gas stream to a concentration of below 40 ppm. The high temperature methanation is suitably carried out at a temperature of between 250° C. and 350° C., and the low temperature methanation is suitably carried out at a temperature below 270° C.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decomposing halogenated hydrocarbons are provided. The halogenated hydrocarbon is mixed with solvating agents and maintained in a predetermined atmosphere and at a predetermined temperature. The mixture is contacted with recyclable reactive material for chemically reacting with the recyclable material to create dehalogenated hydrocarbons and halogenated inorganic compounds. A feature of the invention is that the process enables low temperature destruction of halogenated hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The durability and selectivity of a supported nobel metal hydrodeclorination catalyst can be improved by treating the supported catalyst, which comprises support and catalytic noble metal, with a late transition metal halide salt, a post transition metal containing halide salt, or a combination thereof, and with an alkali metal halide, ammonium halide, or a combination thereof. Suitable late transition metal and post transition metal halides for use herein include zinc chloride, tin chloride, and cupric chloride. A suitable alkali metal halide for use herein include lithium chloride. The novel resulting supported catalyst has its noble metal component, which is in the zero valent state, predominantly residing adjacent the surface of the support in a form which is predominantly visible under a microscope having a resolution of about 5 .ANG..

Abstract: The present invention relates to new crystalline zeolite SSZ-39 prepared using a cyclic or polycyclic quaternary ammonium cation templating agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing hydrocarbons, in particular hydrogenation of carbon dioxide over Fe-K/Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 catalyst, which is reduced in hydrogen and activated in the mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

Abstract: The surface area of a zinc oxide composition is increased, and stabilized to heating, by incorporation of a tri or tetra valent metal, especially aluminium or gallium, e.g. in the form of a spinel with the zinc oxide. The composition is preferably made by coprecipitation of zinc and a compound of said metal and then calcination. The zinc oxide composition may also incorporate a Group VIII metal and be used as a catalyst for a Fischer Tropsch process.

Abstract: A method for producing synthetical oils and storable products of calorific energy, by co-processing waste rubber materials, especially waste tires, and coal optionally in the presence of a material containing Fe as a catalyst, comprising the steps of mixing triturated waste rubber material having a particle size of preferredly 1-5 mm, and coal having particle sizes of 0.2-1 mm, and, when used, the catalyst having a referred particle size of 0.05-0.015 mm, until obtaining a mixture, heating the mixture in a reactor to a temperature between 300.degree. C. and 500.degree. C., during 3-180 minutes, at a pressure between atmospheric pressure and 10 MPa, to enable a processing step basically consisting of a pyrolysis/hydropyrolysis. During the processing step, there is a generation of gases containing approximately 50% CO and CO.sub.2, and approximately another 50% by volume of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 hydrocarbons, and having a calorific energy between 6000 and 8000 kcal/Nm.sup.

Abstract: Processes for decreasing the chlorine to carbon ratio for halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine and from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in the presence of a catalyst are disclosed. The processes are each characterized by employing a catalyst comprising ruthenium on a support of (i) fluorided alumina, (ii) aluminum fluoride, or (iii) fluorides of Zn, Mg, Ca, Ba, Y, Sm, Eu, and/or Dy. Also disclosed are multiphase catalyst compositions of ruthenium supported on fluorides of Zn, Mg, Ca, Ba, Y, Sm, Eu and/or Dy.

Abstract: A process for producing liquid hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon materials is disclosed. The hydrocarbon materials are heated to a temperature above 400.degree. C. thereby producing a gas stream. A gaseous plasma is generated. The gas stream is passed through the gaseous plasma thereby producing a heated gas stream. The heated gas stream is saturated with a hydroxide ion to produce a saturated gas stream. The saturated gas stream is cooled to standard temperature and pressure and is condensed to produce liquid hydrocarbons and waste gases.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## where R is a solid support; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl, unsubstituted alkyl, or phenyl, and where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can be the same or different, for use in solid-phase synthesis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new crystalline zeolite SSZ-42 prepared by processes for preparing crystalline molecular sieves, particularly large pore zeolites, using an organic templating agent selected from the group consisting of N-benzyl-1,4-diazabicyclo?2.2.2!octane cations and N-benzyl-1-azabicyclo?2.2.2!octane cations.

Abstract: Light-weight oil having a high octane number is produced from waste plastics containing phthalic polyester and/or polyvinyl chloride at a high yield without producing a phthalic sublimate or a carbonaceous residue by pyrolyzing the waste plastics in an atmosphere of steam or a steam/inert gas mixture. The resulting pyrolyzed oil and pyrolyzed gas may be catalytically cracked in an atmosphere of steam or a steam/inert gas mixture. Dechlorination may be performed before pyrolysis is carried out. Pyrolysis is preferably carried out in the presence of at least one of iron hydroxide, hydrous iron oxide and iron oxide.

Abstract: A process for producing additive compositions, especially via a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, useful for improving the cetane number or lubricity, or both the cetane number and lubricity, of a mid-distillate, diesel fuel. In producing the additive, the product of a Fischer-Tropsch reaction is separated into a high boiling fraction and a low boiling, e.g., a 700.degree. F.- fraction. The high boiling fraction is hydroisomerized at conditions sufficient to convert it to a 700.degree. F.- low boiling fraction, the latter being blended with the 700.degree. F.- fraction and the diesel additive is recovered therefrom.

Abstract: A method for the hydrodechlorination of a reaction gas primarily composed of chlorinated hydrocarbons is carried out sequentially. A first step is advantageously carried out in a tubular reactor filled with catalyst and cooled externally, to maintain a temperature within a preferred range of 80.degree. to 230.degree. C. and a radial temperature difference of not more than 40.degree. C. Hydrogen is added to the tubular reactor with a hydrogen excess in a preferred range of 1.1 to 1.5 relative to the reaction gas, based on the stoichiometric consumption. The catalyst is present in a catalyst loading in a preferred range of 0.1 to 1.5 v/vh based on the volume of reaction gas. A fixed bed reactor is advantageously used for a second step, optimally connected in straight transit with the output of the reactor of the first step. The full-space reactor is maintained at a temperature within a preferred range of 200.degree. to 300.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention concerns the preparation of a catalyst comprising a support comprising at least one oxide of the element Si, Al, Ti, Zr, Sn, Zn, Mg or Ln (where Ln is a rare earth), cobalt, titanium, at least one element A selected from the group formed by copper, ruthenium, platinum, palladium, scandium and yttrium, and characterized in that it comprises at least the following successive steps:(1) forming a precursor comprising at least cobalt, element A and the support;(2) at least partial reduction of said precursor in the presence of at least one reducing compound; and(3) depositing titanium on the reduced precursor.The invention also concerns the catalyst which can be produced using this process and the use of the catalyst in a process for synthesizing C.sub.5.sup.+ hydrocarbons from synthesis gas.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for hydrotreating an organic feedstock containing a halogenated component and contaminated with distillable oxygen compounds, and/or distillable nitrogen compounds having boiling points lower than the halogenated compounds by means of removing the distillable oxygen compounds and distillable nitrogen compounds with a fractionation zone and then contacting the resulting organic feedstock having a reduced concentration of distillable oxygen and nitrogen compounds and a gaseous recycle stream containing hydrogen with a hydrogenation catalyst in a hydrogenation reaction zone to produce an anhydrous liquid stream comprising hydrogenated hydrocarbonaceous compounds having a reduced concentration of organic halide and a hydrogen halide compound. The resulting effluent from the hydrogenation zone is optionally separated to produce a hydrogenated hydrocarbonaceous stream having a reduced level of halogen and an anhydrous stream comprising a hydrogen halide compound.

Abstract: A process of converting a feed of hydrocarbon-containing gases into liquid hydrocarbon products including a first reaction of converting the feed into one to 2.5 parts of hydrogen to one part carbon monoxide in the presence of carbon dioxide and then secondly reacting the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor using a promoted iron oxide catalyst slurry to form liquid hydrocarbon products, wherein the carbon dioxide from the first and second reactions is separated from the product streams and at least a portion of the separated carbon dioxide is recycled into the first reaction feed and the hydrocarbon products are separated by distillation and a normally gaseous portion of the separated products are further reacted in another Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to produce additional liquid hydrocarbon product.

Abstract: The invention concerns the preparation of a catalyst comprising a support containing at least one oxide of the element Si, Al, Ti, Zr, Sn, Zn, Mg or Ln (where Ln is a rare earth), cobalt, at least one element A selected from the group formed by ruthenium, platinum, palladium and uranium, and at least one element B selected from the group formed by molybdenum and tungsten, characterized in that it comprises at least the following successive steps:(1) formation of a precursor comprising at least cobalt and at least a portion of the support;(2) at least partial reduction of the precursor in the presence of at least one reducing compound; and(3) deposition of any part of compound present in the catalyst and not present in the precursor on the reduced precursor.The invention also concerns the use of the catalyst in a process for the synthesis of C.sub.5.sup.+ hydrocarbons from synthesis gas.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of a halogenated organic stream containing trace quantities of organic nitrates to produce a stream comprising hydrogenated hydrocarbonaceous compounds free from organic nitrates and halogenated organic compounds by means of contacting the feed stream and hydrogen with a selective hydrogenation catalyst in a first hydrogenation zone at hydrogenation conditions to convert the organic nitrates into water-soluble nitrogen compounds while effectively minimizing the production of hydrogen halide compounds. The resulting effluent from the first hydrogenation zone is contacted with an aqueous scrubbing solution to recover at least a portion of the water-soluble nitrogen compounds in order to produce a stream containing halogenated organic compounds and essentially free of nitrogen compounds which is then introduced into a second hydrogenation zone operated at selected hydrogenation conditions to produce water-soluble hydrogen halide compounds and hydrogenated hydrocarbonaceous compounds.

Abstract: A cobalt catalyst for use in the Fischer Tropsch reaction of synthesis gas to form hydrocarbons is activated or regenerated by treatment of a cobalt containing catalyst with a gas containing carbon monoxide, said gas containing less than 30% v hydrogen. The catalyst obtained has increased activity and greater selectivity towards producing C.sub.5 + hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A copolymer having an RSV less than 0.6 and a process for its preparation in which ethylene, at least one other 1-alkene and, optionally, an aliphatic or alicyclic polyunsaturated monomer are polymerized in the presence of a catalyst system containing (1) a compound of vanadium, (2) at least one alkyl aluminum halide, (3) an .alpha.-halo, ketoaromatic promoter and (4) a chain transfer agent in which the molar ratio of alkyl groups of the alkyl aluminum halide to halogen atoms is at least 1.5.

Abstract: The durability of a supported noble metal hydrodechlorination catalyst can be improved by (1) treating the supported catalyst, which comprises support and catalytic noble metal, with a non-elemental halide compound, which is not a mineral acid (such as an alkali metal halide, an ammonium halide, an alkaline earth metal halide, and/or a halogenated hydrocarbon); and (2) then using the treated catalyst in a hydrodechlorination reaction. Suitable treatment compounds include ammonium chloride, lithium chloride, or a chlorinated hydrocarbon. The treated catalyst is a novel composition of matter comprising at least one platinum group metal supported by an oxidic support wherein the metal, which is in the zero valent state, predominantly resides adjacent the surface of the support and is predominantly visible under a microscope having a resolution of about 5 .ANG..

Abstract: This patent is concerned with a unique process for converting natural gas into hydrocarbons. More particularly, it concerns a novel combination of processing steps wherein the natural gas is first converted into syn gas, the hydrogen of which is reacted with carbon dioxide to produce a mixture of water and carbon monoxide which is then contacted with a metal catalyst to give a mixture of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention is a novel process for producing low cost energy, hydrogen, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and oxygen by reacting carbon dioxide and water over a catalyst complex to form low cost energy, various weight hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and hydrogen which may be used as fuels or for other purposes. The low cost energy results from the heat generated by the exothermic nature of the reaction and is evidenced by the increased temperature of the reactor during the reaction. Said catalyst complex is made from a hydrated magnesium carbonate/hydroxide complex and a catalyst support. The reactants are carbon dioxide and water. This reaction is intended to be used at sites where excess steam, heat or carbon dioxide are produced and are readily available. The recycle of these otherwise excess "waste" products can be economically advantageous by producing useful products and be environmentally advantageous by reducing both greenhouse gas emissions and thermal exhaust.

Abstract: A process is described for producing additives for diesel fuels having high cetane numbers and serving as fuel ignition improvers. In the process, biomass feedstock selected from (a) tall oil containing less than 0.5 wt % ash, less than 25 wt % unsaponifiables, up to 50 wt % diterpenic acids and 30 to 60 wt % unsaturated fatty acids, (b) wood oils from the pulping of hardwood species, (c) animal fats and (d) blends of said tall oil with plant or vegetable oil containing substantial amounts of unsaturated fatty acids or animal fats, is subjected to hydroprocessing by contacting the feedstock with gaseous hydrogen under hydroprocessing conditions in the presence of a hydroprocessing catalyst to obtain a product mixture. This product mixture is then separated and fractionated to obtain a hydrocarbon product boiling in the diesel fuel boiling range, this product being the high cetane number additive.

Abstract: Clean distillate useful as a diesel fuel or diesel blending stock is produced from Fischer-Tropsch wax by separating wax into heavier and lighter fractions; further separating the lighter fraction and hydroisomerizing the heavier fraction and that portion of the light fraction below about 500.degree. F. The isomerized product is blended with the untreated portion of the lighter fraction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new crystalline zeolite SSZ-41 which comprises oxides of (1) silicon or a mixture of silicon and germanium, and (2) zinc, said zinc being present in an amount from about 2 wt % to about 5 wt % of zinc metal based on the total weight of metals in said zeolite. Zeolite SSZ-41 may also optionally contain oxides of aluminum, iron, gallium or mixtures thereof. Zeolite SSZ-41 has the X-ray diffraction lines of Table I and has an argon adsorption capacity of at least about 0.06 cc/gm at 87.degree. K. Also disclosed are methods of making and using zeolite SSZ-41.

Abstract: A crystalline zeolite high-silica SSZ-37 is prepared using a N,N-dimethyl-4-azoniatricyclo [5.2.2.0.sup.(2,6) ] undec-8-ene cation as a template wherein said zeolite is used in hydrocarbon conversion processes.

Abstract: A process for preparing a bimetallic catalyst useful for the hydrodechlorination of chlorinated hydrocarbons, comprising impregnating a support with an active hydrogenating metal from a salt solution of the metal, recovering and drying the thus-impregnated support, reducing the impregnated support by exposure to hydrogen and oxidizing the active hydrogenating metal on said support to an oxidized state by exposure to an oxidizing environment, then impregnating the thus-treated support with a surface segregating metal from a salt solution thereof, aging the support/salt solution mixture over a period of time at an elevated temperature, and finally cooling, recovering and drying the catalyst before charging the same to a reactor for reduction or reduction and chloride source pretreatment and subsequent use.

Abstract: A new hydrodehalogenation catalyst, as well as to its use for the hydrodechlorination of chlorinated hydrocarbons. The hydrodehalogenation catalyst, which converts halogenated hydrocarbons completely under mild conditions, has a considerably longer lifetime than do known catalysts and can be regenerated. In a method of hydrogenating dechlorination the catalyst works preferably under mild reaction conditions, with lifetimes of at least 2,500 hours and leads to reaction products, which can readily be used economically and thermally without further purification. The catalyst is a palladium aluminosilicate support catalyst, which is free of chlorinated compounds, has a palladium content of 0.5 to 8% by weight and a silica content of 1 to 50% by weight. The palladium concentration over the cross section of the support passes through a maximum in the region 50 to 250 .mu.m below the outer surface of the support, the maximum palladium concentration is 1.5 to 7 times the average palladium concentration.

Abstract: A process of converting a feed of hydrocarbon-containing gases into liquid hydrocarbon products including a first reaction of converting the feed into one to 2.5 parts of hydrogen to one part carbon monoxide in the presence of carbon dioxide and then secondly reacting the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor using a promoted iron oxide catalyst slurry to form liquid hydrocarbon products, wherein the carbon dioxide from the first and second reactions is separated from the product streams and at least a portion of the separated carbon dioxide is recycled into the first reaction feed.

Abstract: A process has been developed for decolorizing (and/or hydrogenating, and/or dehalogenating) a halogen containing unsaturated feedstock and/or polymeric resins. The process has the advantage of being substantially less affected by prolonged exposure to halogen contaminants and impurities than typical hydrogenation catalysts. A novel catalyst comprising (a) one or more metals selected from the group consisting of the metals in Group 8, Group 9 Group 10 and mixtures thereof; (b) one or more promoters selected from the group consisting of oxides of the elements in Group 1, Group 2, the Lanthanides group, the Actinides group and mixtures thereof; and (c) a support has also been developed.

Abstract: Production of alkanes from an alkyl bound to a heteroatom under controlled hydrothermal conditions at supercritical or near critical water conditions including the use of an additive. The method reduces the extent of oxidation, generates useful and recoverable products, alters product distributions, promotes product yield, and enhances reaction rates. Additives alter product distributions and neutralize or consume mineral acids.

Abstract: An integrated process for simultaneously treating a halogenated organic stream containing less than about 500 ppm by weight of water or water precursors and a halogenated organic stream containing oxygen-containing compounds to produce hydrocarbonaceous compounds having a reduced level of organic halogen and a hydrogen halide stream containing less than about 500 ppm by weight of water.

Abstract: A catalyst for the conversion of lower aliphatic alcohols such as methanol to form petroleum type hydrocarbons comprises one or more metals and/or metal ions supported on a phosphate carrier. Preferred metals include transition metals such as Ti, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rh, Ag, Ir and alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Al and Sn. The phosphate carrier is preferably aluminium phosphate, zirconyl phosphate, magnesium phosphate, barium phosphate, zinc phosphate or a calcium phosphate compound. The metal should amount to 0.1 to 30% by weight with respect to the phosphate carrier. This catalyst is used to convert lower aliphatic alcohols to produce the gasoline type hydrocarbons at a reaction temperature of 200.degree. to 600.degree. C. and a supply rate of 0.75 to 3.0 weight units of alcohol per weight unit of catalyst per hour.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to method for chemically converting polyhydric alcohols to a mixture of hydrocarbons and halocarbons. The invention is also directed to a process for converting cellulose or hemicellulose to hydrocarbon fuels.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of carbon monoxide rich gas comprising reacting a mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the presence of a conversion catalyst to carbon monoxide rich gas, which process further comprises reacting part of the carbon dioxide and hydrogen in the gas feed exothermically to methane simultaneously with the carbon monoxide producing reaction and carrying out both reactions under adiabatic conditions, so that the exothermical methane producing reaction provides necessary heat for the endothermic carbon monoxide producing reaction.

Abstract: A novel, improved process and catalyst are provided for the catalytic hydrodechlorination of a chlorinated alkane to its corresponding less-chlorinated and preferably non-chlorinated alkane, for example the hydrodechlorination of 1,2-dichloropropane to propane, the catalyst comprising a mixture of active Group VIII hydrogenating metals in elemental or compound form on a support.

Abstract: Surfaces contaminated with chloromethylmethyl ether and bis-chloromethyl ether may be decontaminated by treating them with an aqueous solution of a basic organic amine, for example a tertiary amine, a nonionic surfactant and an alkali-metal hydroxide.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of a halogenated organic feedstock to produce a stream of hydrocarbonaceous compounds having an exceedingly low concentration of halogenated organic compounds and an aqueous stream containing hydrogen halide.

Abstract: An alkane/fluoroalkane feed is treated with an acidic alumina to reduce the amount of fluoroalkane(s) in the feed. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the feed is treated with a sulfur-containing alumina so as to convert a major portion of fluoroalkane(s) to higher alkane(s).

Abstract: A process for shape selective hydrocarbon conversion involves contacting a hydrocarbon feedstream under conversion conditions with a catalytic molecular sieve which has been modified by treatment with an amino silane polymer while molecular sieve acid sites are protected. When the process is toluene disproportionation, a toluene feedstream may also contain a second silicon source which is a high pxylene selectivating agent. The invention also includes the modification method and the shape selective catalyst which results from the modification.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for hydrotreating an organic feedstock containing oxygen compounds and a halogen component by means of removing the oxygen compounds with an adsorbent and then contacting the resulting organic feedstock having a reduced concentration of oxygen compounds and a gaseous recycle stream containing hydrogen with a hydrogenation catalyst in a hydrogenation reaction zone to produce an anhydrous liquid stream comprising hydrogenated hydrocarbonaceous compounds having a reduced concentration of halogen and a hydrogen halide compound. The resulting effluent from the hydrogenation zone is optionally separated to produce a hydrogenated hydrocarbonaceous stream having a reduced level of halogen and an anhydrous stream comprising a hydrogen halide compound.

Abstract: A method of hydrocracking charges emanating from the Fischer-Tropsch process, in which:(a) hydrogen is reacted with the charge in contact with a catalyst 1 in a first reaction zone, the said catalyst 1 comprising at least one alumina-based matrix and at least one hydro-dehydrogenation component;(b) the effluent from the first reaction zone is put into contact with a catalyst 2 in a second reaction zone, the said catalyst 2 comprising:20 to 97% by weight of at least one matrix;3 to 80% by weight of at least one Y zeolite in hydrogen form,the said zeolite being characterized by an SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio of over 4.5:1, a sodium content of less than 1% by weight determined on a zeolite calcined at 1100.degree. C.; an a.sub.o crystal parameter of the elemental mesh of less than 24.70.times.10.sup.-10 m; and a specific surface area determined by the BET method of over 400 m.sup.2.g.sup.-1 ;and at least one hydro-dehydrogenation component.

Abstract: A method for dehalogenation of organohalogen compounds, e.g. environmental pollutants in industrial waste. The organohalogen is reacted with a reducing agent in the presence of a selected metal-centered corrin, porphyrin or phthalocyanine complex. Preferred complexes are hydrolysis products of cyanocobalamin, of formula (I), in which R.sup.1 is NH.sub.2 or OH, R.sup.2 is H, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOH or CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CONH.sub.2, R.sup.3 is H, CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOH or CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CONH.sub.2, and R.sup.4 is NHCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.3, OH or NH.sub.2. The complex is preferably immobilized on a substrate. Some novel metal-centered porphyrin complexes are also described. A dehalogenation apparatus using the method of the invention is also described.

Abstract: This invention is a process for converting lower alkanes into their corresponding esters and optionally into various intermediates (such as alcohols) and other liquid hydrocarbons. The alkanes are oxidatively converted to oxy-esters at high selectivity and conversion and at practical reaction rates using at least catalytic amounts of certain class "B" metals and/or metal ions defined by the Pearson definition as "soft" or "borderline". Desirable catalysts comprise such metals as Pd, Tl, Pt, Hg, and Au. If so desired, the alkyl oxy-esters may be converted to alcohols or other intermediates such as alkyl halides. The oxy-esters, alcohols, and other intermediates may optionally be converted to liquid hydrocarbons such as gasoline.

Abstract: For Hydroisomerizering charges emanating from the Fischer-Tropsch process:a) hydrogen is reacted with the charge in contact with a catalyst 1 in a first reaction zone, the catalyst 1 comprising at least one alumina-based matrix and at least one hydro-dehydrogenation component andb) the effluent from the first reaction zone is put into contact with a catalyst 2 in a second reaction zone, the catalyst 2 comprising:20 to 97% by weight of at least one matrix,3 to 80% by weight of at least one Y zeolite in hydrogen form, the zeolite being characterized by an SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 molar ratio of over 4.5; a sodium content of less than 1% by weight determined at 1100.degree. C. under calcining conditions; an a.sub.o crystal parameter of the elemental mesh of less than 24.70.times.10.sup.-10 m; and a specific surface area determined by the BET method of over 400 m.sup.2.g.sup.-1, andat least one hydro-dehydrogenation component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the conversion of synthesis gases into a mixture of essentially linear and saturated hydrocarbons, characterized by the use of a catalyst prepared by a gelling procedure, incorporating cobalt, copper and ruthenium, the cobalt, copper and ruthenium being dispersed on a support having at least one oxide of a metal chosen from within the group formed by silica and alumina, the cobalt content, expressed by cobalt weight based on the catalyst weight, being between 1 and 60% by weight, the ruthenium content, expressed by ruthenium weight based on the cobalt weight, being between 0.1 and 20%, and the copper weight, expressed by copper weight based on the cobalt weight, being between 0.1 and 10%.

Abstract: A process for the production of isoparaffins having 4 to 7 carbon atoms per molecule from synthesis gas comprising the following steps:a) Synthesis of a heavy paraffins-containing hydrocarbon mixture over a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst;b) Conversion of at least part of the heavy paraffins-containing hydrocarbon mixture over a bi-functional isomerization/hydrocracking catalyst under isomerization/hydrocracking conditions;c) Separation of normal paraffins from at least part of the isoparaffins-containing product of step (b);d) Recycling at least part of the normal paraffins to step (b) and withdrawing C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 isoparaffins as a product from the process.

Abstract: A membrane of an oxidative conversion contact material of a mixed oxide of aluminum and at least one multivalent activator metal with the membrane permitting selective conveyance of a form of oxygen therethrough, as well as methods for the oxidative conversion of a gaseous hydrocarbon reactant using such membranes are provided.