Abstract: An exhaust gas control apparatus includes: a fuel injection valve configured to inject fuel into an internal combustion engine; a catalyst provided in an exhaust passage and configured to clean exhaust gas; a filter provided on a downstream side of the catalyst; a fuel introducing unit configured to introduce the fuel, which is injected from the fuel injection valve, into the exhaust passage from the internal combustion engine in an unburnt state; and a load control unit configured to control an upper limit of a load on the internal combustion engine. In the exhaust gas control apparatus, the load control unit is configured to set, when the fuel is supplied to the exhaust passage in the unburnt state, the upper limit of the load to a second limit value lower than a first limit value, which is an upper limit of the load before the injection.

Abstract: It is proposed a method for determining a quantity of a liquid in a tank, the tank comprising: a first ultrasound subsystem capable of measuring level of liquid present above a predetermined threshold level within the tank; and at least one second ultrasound subsystem, said second ultrasound subsystem being associated with a sensing area within the tank and being configured to measure a parameter characteristic of the liquid, said sensing area being located below the predetermined threshold level. The method comprises in the steps of: —checking the validity of the measurement performed by said first ultrasound subsystem (S10); —when it is detected that the measurement of said first ultrasound system is not valid: (a) checking (S22) the validity of the measurement performed by said second ultrasound subsystem; (b) determining (S24, S25, S26) a quantity of liquid, which quantity being based on a result of the validity check at step (a).

Abstract: An engine control module (ECM) may obtain information concerning a speed of an engine, information concerning an exhaust gas temperature, information concerning an engine airflow rate, information concerning a pressure of an intake manifold associated with the engine, and information concerning a requested amount of engine braking power. The ECM may cause one or more components of a variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) to adjust based on the information concerning the speed of the engine, the information concerning the exhaust gas temperature, and the information concerning the engine airflow rate. Additionally, or alternatively, the ECM may cause the one or more components of the VGT to adjust based on the information concerning the pressure of the intake manifold associated with the engine and the information concerning the requested amount of engine braking power.

Abstract: A method of controlling an oxygen purge of a three-way catalyst (TWC) may include: rapidly adjusting, by a controller, an air-fuel ratio (AFR) at an upstream of the TWC to a target AFR when the oxygen purge of the TWC after a fuel cut-off is performed; and maintaining the target AFR until an oxygen purge finish time has passed. According to the method, concentration of NOx slipped from the TWC after the oxygen purge may be reduced.

Abstract: An on-board vehicle reservoir containing an ammonia/organic solvent solution may be associated with a phase separator configured to isolate ammonia from the solution. The ammonia may be introduced into an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine to function as a catalytic reductant. Ammonia may be employed to generate hydrogen via catalytic decomposition of ammonia, and the hydrogen may be introduced into an exhaust gas stream to aid catalytic reactions such as catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) and/or hydrocarbon (HC) and/or reduction of nitrogen oxides (NO); for instance during a cold-start period.

Abstract: An integrated reductant mixer and heater apparatus for an exhaust treatment system is provided. The apparatus includes a housing for an exhaust stream to flow therethrough in an axial flow direction; a reductant injector configured to deliver a spray of reductant into the exhaust stream; at least one mixing fin disposed within the housing interior downstream of the reductant injector, the mixing fin having a primary deflection surface orientated parallel with, or at an acute angle relative to, the axial flow direction; a first heater element within the housing interior and extending within a first plane intersecting the axial flow direction proximate the primary deflection surface of the mixing fin; and a second heater element within the housing interior and extending within a second plane intersecting the axial flow direction proximate the primary deflection surface of the mixing fin and downstream from the first heater element.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for regenerating an exhaust particulate filter based on a projected vehicle drive cycle and catalyst ammonia storage level. In one example, a method may include scheduling a PF regeneration during a regeneration window to maintain a threshold ammonia level in an exhaust catalyst, at the end of the drive cycle.

Abstract: According to one or more embodiments described herein, an exhaust system for treating exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine in a motor vehicle includes a passive NOx absorber (PNA) device, and a model-based controller that controls an amount of NOx stored by the PNA device. Controlling of the amount of NOx stored includes computing a predicted NOx storage level of the PNA device using a prediction model of the PNA device, and in response to the predicted NOx storage level of the PNA device being greater than a predetermined cold-start threshold, raising a temperature of the exhaust gas by changing an operation of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An integrated vehicle on-board system configured to generate hydrogen and to introduce the generated hydrogen into an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine, the system including a water-splitting article configured to split water into hydrogen and oxygen and a hydrogen injection article configured to introduce the hydrogen into the exhaust gas stream, is effective for the abatement of carbon monoxide and/or hydrocarbons and/or nitrogen oxides. The introduction of hydrogen may be intermittent and/or during a cold-start period.

Abstract: A device for cleaning exhaust gases includes: a housing configured such that exhaust gas is flowable through the housing in a main throughflow direction; an injector configured to dose a fluid into a region of the housing through which exhaust gas flows; an evaporator arranged in the housing, the evaporator having a plurality of surface elements extending along the main throughflow direction of the housing, and the fluid being dosable into the fluid along a direction extending perpendicularly to the main throughflow direction of the housing; and a heater configured to electrically heat the evaporator.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to mixing devices included in automotive exhaust treatment systems. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to reducing agent mixers for mixing reducing agents with exhaust streams to induce a chemical reaction between the reducing agent and exhaust gasses to reduce Nitrous Oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gas. Reducing agent mixers in accordance with the present disclosure include reducing agent delivery devices for conducting reducing agents into an internal mixing space through which exhaust gasses flow.

Abstract: A system to mitigate diesel exhaust fluid deposits in vehicle exhaust system flexible couplings includes a diesel exhaust pipeline. A diesel exhaust fluid injector is connected to the diesel exhaust pipeline to inject a diesel exhaust fluid into the diesel exhaust pipeline. A flexible coupling is connected to the diesel exhaust pipeline. A diesel exhaust fluid collection device is positioned in the diesel exhaust pipeline between a connection location into the diesel exhaust pipeline of the diesel exhaust fluid injector and the flexible coupling. The diesel exhaust fluid collection device includes a liquid diesel exhaust fluid collection volume where an un-vaporized portion of the diesel exhaust fluid is collected.

Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system for use with over-the-road vehicle is disclosed. The exhaust aftertreatment system includes a reducing agent mixer with a mixing can and a flash-boil doser configured to inject heated and pressurized reducing agent into the mixing can for distribution throughout exhaust gases passed through the mixing can.

Abstract: A vehicle comprising: an internal combustion engine configured to generate an engine torque using high-gasoline content fuel; at least one fuel injector configured to deliver the high-gasoline content fuel to a cylinder of the engine; at least one heating element configured to heat the high-gasoline content fuel prior to it being delivered to the cylinder by the fuel injector; a fuel pump connected to the heating element to supply high-gasoline to the heating element, the fuel pump being configured to pressurise the high-gasoline content fuel; and an engine controller configured to control the engine torque generated by the engine and control the fuel pressure generated by the fuel pump, the engine controller using a heated-fuel behaviour model of the engine, when the fuel is being heated by the heating element(s), to: (i) control an amount of fuel delivered by the fuel injector, the heated-fuel behaviour model causing a reduced fuel injection amount for a given engine torque relative to unheated high-gasolin

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for an exhaust gas aftertreatment mixing assembly. In one example, the mixing assembly includes an injector and a helical blade. The injector may be positioned relative to the helical blade with an orientation that augments entrainment and dispersion of a diesel exhaust fluid into an exhaust gas stream and the helical blade may be configured to increase an exhaust gas flow path while maintaining a compact size of the mixing assembly. Geometries of the injector and the helical blade together may increase decomposition of a diesel exhaust fluid to facilitate enhanced reduction of nitrous oxides in exhaust gases.

Abstract: A waste gas treatment method with the application of nano-bubbles and a waste gas treatment system using the same are provided. The method includes the steps of: feeding waste gas to an accommodating space; flowing a predetermined body of water in the accommodating space and generating the predetermined body of water including nano-bubbles; directing the waste gas mixed with the predetermined body of water including the nano-bubbles to a swirling unit; and discharging the treated gas waste. The predetermined body of water including the nano-bubbles is mixed with the waste gas so that the nano-bubbles of the predetermined water and the waste gas may be sufficiently subjected to the cavitation effect and supercritical water oxidation, and harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen monoxide and other nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, heavy metals and the like, of the waste gas may be removed.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine may include an electronic control unit configured to supply additives to an exhaust gas cleaning catalyst having a temperature not more than a predetermined temperature. The electronic control unit may execute abnormality diagnosis of the exhaust gas cleaning catalyst based on an ability for cleaning exhaust gas of the exhaust gas cleaning catalyst. When preforming abnormality diagnosis of the exhaust gas cleaning catalyst having the temperature not more than the predetermined temperature, the electronic control unit may reduce the amount of the additives supplied to the exhaust gas cleaning catalyst to less than the amount supplied when abnormality diagnosis of the exhaust gas cleaning catalyst having the temperature not more than the predetermined temperature is not executed.

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust after-treatment system including an SCR-catalyst, a metering device for dosing a reducing agent being controlled on the basis of a determining variable that influences a nitrogen-oxide concentration downstream of the SCR-catalyst. A breakthrough identification is carried out for the SCR-catalyst, wherein if a breakthrough is identified, the determining variable is altered to a higher nitrogen-oxide concentration downstream of the SCR-catalyst and the metering device is controlled in order to dose the reducing agent on the basis of the altered determining variable.

Abstract: A method of providing electrical power to on-board electrical devices of a vehicle. The engine has an EGR (exhaust gas recirculation loop) which may be a high pressure loop, a low pressure loop, or a dedicated cylinder loop. A catalyzed heat exchanger on the EGR loop has a steam reformation catalyst and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger uses hot exhaust gas from the main exhaust line to heat the catalyst. A methane fuel source adds methane to the recirculated exhaust stream before it enters the catalyst, and the catalytic reaction increases the amount of hydrogen in the recirculated exhaust. The hydrogen is then delivered to a PEM fuel cell.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for an exhaust tract for vehicles having an internal combustion engine, the exhaust tract including a first exhaust gas aftertreatment device and a metering device arranged downstream therefrom. In one example, a region of the first exhaust gas aftertreatment device which is situated downstream is designed as an SCR region. Further, the metering device is designed to spray a reducing agent onto a side of the first exhaust gas aftertreatment device which faces the metering device, counter to a main direction of flow of an exhaust gas.

Abstract: A controller for an internal combustion engine is configured to execute a dither control process and a filter temperature calculating process. In the dither control process, on condition that an execution request for a regeneration process of the filter is made, fuel injection valves are operated such that at least one of the cylinders is a lean combustion cylinder, and at least another one of the cylinders is a rich combustion cylinder. The filter temperature calculating process is a process of calculating the temperature of the filter to be lower when a target value of an average value of the exhaust air-fuel ratio in a predetermined period by the dither control is leaner than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio than when the target value is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control system includes an upstream purification device disposed in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, a downstream purification device disposed in a portion of the exhaust passage downstream from the upstream purification device, a fuel addition valve disposed in a portion of the exhaust passage upstream from the upstream purification device, and a urea addition valve disposed in a portion of the exhaust passage between the upstream purification device and the downstream purification device, and a cooling device. The cooling device is configured such that refrigerant cools the fuel addition valve first and then cools the urea addition valve subsequent to the fuel addition valve.

Abstract: When an abnormality diagnosis of an SCR catalyst is carried out, diagnostic supply control is carried out in such a manner that the first estimated adsorption amount, which is an amount of adsorption of ammonia in the SCR catalyst at the time when the SCR catalyst is assumed to be in a predetermined abnormal state, becomes equal to or more than a first predetermined adsorption amount, and the second estimated adsorption amount, which is an amount of adsorption of ammonia in the SCR catalyst at the time when the SCR catalyst is assumed to be in a predetermined normal state, becomes smaller than a second predetermined adsorption amount. Then, supply decreasing control to decrease an amount of adsorption of ammonia in the SCR catalyst is carried out, after the end of the execution of the diagnostic supply control.

Abstract: A coolant control system of a vehicle includes a coolant pump that pumps coolant to a second radiator that is different than a first radiator that receives coolant from an engine of the vehicle. A diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) injector injects a DEF into an exhaust system and receives coolant output from the second radiator. A fuel heat exchanger transfers heat between coolant and fuel flowing therethrough. An engine control module is configured to determine a temperature of the DEF injector, control a duty cycle of the coolant pump, determine a vaporized condition of the coolant based on a DEF injector temperature, optionally further, in response to determining a vaporized condition of the coolant, implement a vapor purge by oscillating the duty cycle of the coolant pump, and optionally further identify a low-coolant condition of the coolant control system based on the vapor purges implemented during a time period.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a variable displacement engine, a conduit, a sensor, and a controller. The variable displacement engine has a plurality of cylinders. The conduit is configured to channel exhaust gas away from the cylinders. The sensor is disposed within the conduit and is configured to measure an amount of particulate matter within the exhaust gas. The controller is programmed to, in response to a command to run a diagnostic test, operate each of the plurality of cylinders independently to produce an exhaust gas stream for each cylinder and measure the amount of particulate matter within each of the exhaust gas streams.

Abstract: An on-demand vapour generator includes a vapour chamber configured to produce a vapour and a vapour absorption assembly configured to receive flows of vapour from the vapour chamber. The vapour absorption assembly includes a first vapour-permeable passage having a passage outlet and at least one second vapour-permeable passage that is closed. When vapour absorption assembly receives a flow of vapour from the vapour chamber, the flow of vapour passes through the first vapour-permeable passage to the passage outlet at least substantially without absorption of vapour from the flow of vapour. However, when a flow of vapour is not received from the vapour chamber, vapour entering the vapour absorption assembly from the vapour chamber passes into the first vapour-permeable passage and the at least one second vapour-permeable passage and is at least substantially absorbed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed at stabilization of aqueous urea solutions containing organometallic catalyst precursors. Stabilization can be achieved by monitoring and controlling the solution pH.

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses include an apparatus including an aftertreatment system control circuit structured to receive a signal indicative of an exhaust gas characteristic from a sensor, determine an aftertreatment system characteristic based on the exhaust gas characteristic, determine an acceptable input value responsive to the aftertreatment system characteristic, and control at least one of a fuel system actuator and an air handling actuator to achieve or substantially achieve the acceptable input value.

Abstract: An exhaust system (1) for a motor vehicle includes an exhaust gas-purifying device (2) for purifying exhaust gas (3) removed from an internal combustion engine with a reducing agent feed (4), which is arranged downstream and at a spaced location from the exhaust gas-purifying device (2) and by which a reducing agent can be introduced into the exhaust system (1). A reducing agent-deflecting device (7) is arranged between the exhaust gas-purifying device (2) and the reducing agent feed (4). The reducing agent-deflecting device (7) has at least one reducing agent-deflecting element (8) of a blade-like design.

Abstract: A reductant impingement device includes a proximal end having an impingement pin with a convex surface; and a distal end having a body concentric with a longitudinal axis of the impingement pin. The distal end includes a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. A plurality of inner channels connects the first surface and the second surface, and a plurality of outer channels connects the first surface and the second surface, where the plurality of inner channels are disposed in a circular array at a first radial distance from a longitudinal axis of the impingement pin, and the plurality of outer channels are disposed in a circular array at a second distance from the longitudinal axis of the impingement pin.

Abstract: A system includes: an exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a particulate matter sensor that includes a heating element configured to selectively provide heat to the particulate matter sensor; and a controller programmed to: receive particulate matter data indicating a state of the particulate matter sensor; determine that the particulate matter sensor is in a full state based on the particulate matter data; and activate the heating element to: (i) a first temperature for a first period of time, the first temperature being sufficient to burn off water or ammonia; (ii) a second temperature for a second period of time immediately after the first period of time, the second temperature being greater than the first temperature and being sufficient to burn off urea, biuret, or melamine; and (iii) a third temperature for a third period of time immediately after the second period of time, the third temperature being greater than the second temperature and being sufficient to burn off carbon.

Abstract: A blow-by gas treating device discharges blow-by gas into intake air. A controller selects and executes one of a fuel cutoff process and a fuel introduction process when stopping combustion in a cylinder under a situation in which a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is rotating. An injection valve controlling section controls a fuel injection valve to regulate a fuel injection amount in a period in which the combustion in the cylinder is stopped under the situation in which the crankshaft is rotating. The injection valve controlling section decreases the fuel injection amount from the fuel injection valve as an oil temperature that is the temperature of engine oil increases.

Abstract: A reductant insertion assembly for inserting a reductant into an aftertreatment system comprises a pump assembly including a pump. A first metering assembly is fluidly coupled to the pump. A second metering assembly is fluidly coupled to first metering assembly in series with the pump. The pump is configured to pump the reductant to the first metering assembly, and to the second metering assembly via the first metering assembly, such that a first reductant pressure in the first metering assembly is equal to a second reductant pressure in the second metering assembly.

Abstract: A method includes interpreting NOx data indicative of an amount of NOx exiting an engine and an amount of NOx exiting an exhaust aftertreatment system coupled to the engine, determining a NOx conversion efficiency fault is present based on the amount of NOx exiting the engine and the amount of NOx exiting the exhaust aftertreatment system, and determining at least one of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst of the exhaust aftertreatment system and a diesel particulate filter having a coating of a SCR reaction catalyst (DPF-SCR) of the exhaust aftertreatment system are responsible for the NOx conversion efficiency fault based on at least one of a reductant slip amount and a NOx conversion value across at least one of the SCR catalyst and the DPF-SCR.

Abstract: The present invention relates to use of a lubrication oil that forms water-soluble ash when combusted in an engine system, where the engine system comprises an internal combustion engine; an exhaust gas system comprising a diesel particulate filter to capture particulate matter from the exhaust gases, including the water-soluble ash; and an exhaust gas conduit to lead exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine to the exhaust gas system, and to collect condensed water formed by a cold start and/or a cold operation of the internal combustion engine and lead the condensed water through the diesel particulate filter, thereby dissolving and removing the water-soluble ash from the diesel particulate filter.

Abstract: A method for acquiring a corrected nitrogen oxide and/or corrected ammonia value in an internal combustion engine by determining that the engine is in an overrun cut-off phase, interrupting an injection of urea, acquiring a nitrogen oxide reference value from a nitrogen oxide reference signal generated by a nitrogen oxide sensor and acquiring an ammonia reference value from an ammonia reference signal generated by an ammonia sensor, and acquiring a corrected nitrogen oxide value from a nitrogen oxide signal generated by the nitrogen oxide sensor during normal operation of the engine, taking into account the nitrogen oxide reference value, and acquiring a corrected ammonia value from an ammonia signal generated by the ammonia sensor during normal operation of the engine, taking into account the ammonia reference value.

Abstract: An exhaust system provided with exhaust gas after-treatment for a combustion engine comprising an exhaust pipe and a pumping device, which is buried inside the tank, from which it draws so as to feed a water solution of urea under pressure to an electromagnetic injector; the tank is supplied with urea powder and water, which are mixed on the inside so as to obtain a water solution of urea with a variable concentration; and a water supply circuit to supply water to the tank, which is provided with a first pipe, which draws the water from a basin and is regulated by a first valve, which allows water to be introduced into the tank, if necessary, or to be drained to the surrounding environment when the water quantity already contained in the tank is sufficient.

Abstract: A correction method of NOx purifying efficiency of SDPF includes: measuring a temperature change per unit time inside the SDPF, determining whether the temperature change per unit time inside the SDPF is below a first predetermined value, determining whether a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of temperature of respective parts inside the SDPF is below a second predetermined value if the temperature change per unit time inside the SDPF is below the first predetermined value, determining whether a temperature inside the SDPF is in a low temperature region if the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of temperature of the respective parts inside the SDPF is below the second predetermined value, and performing a low temperature region correction if the temperature inside the SDPF is in the low temperature region.

Abstract: A system for regulating pressure in a diesel exhaust fluid delivery system. The system includes a first dosing valve, a pump, a hydraulic line, and an electronic processor. The electronic processor is configured to determine a dosing demand, determine a time delay between the first dosing valve opening and the pump activating, and determine a first threshold time and a second threshold time based on the time delay. The electronic processor is also configured to activate a timer. When the timer reaches the first threshold time, the electronic processor is configured to freeze the dosing demand and activate the pump based on the dosing demand. When the timer reaches the second threshold time, the electronic processor is configured to open the first dosing valve and release the freeze on the dosing demand.

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust gas system is provided. The method includes determining an amount of a reducing agent to be supplied to the exhaust gas of an engine and evaluating measurements which indicate a content of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas downstream of a catalytic device adapted to diminish the content of nitrogen oxides. A magnitude and a frequency of the measurements are taken into account in determining the amount of the reducing agent to be supplied. A plurality of measurements is captured during a predetermined period of time. A magnitude of a measurement captured within this period of time is related to a quantity derived from the respective magnitudes of the plurality of measurements. The related measurement is utilized to determine the amount of the reducing agent to be supplied. A control assembly for operating an exhaust gas system is also provided.

Abstract: A method to determine soot mass of a gasoline engine powered automobile vehicle includes: predefining a time period between approximately 50 seconds to 200 seconds defining a cold start operation of a gasoline engine; determining a critical engine cold start temperature at a time defining a start of the cold start operation; identifying a cold start soot mass value from a lookup table based on the predefined time period and the critical engine cold start temperature; calculating a hot engine soot mass value for a hot engine operating time; repeating the calculating step for at least one next successive hot engine operating time; and adding the cold start soot mass value to the hot engine soot mass value for the hot engine operating time and the at least one next successive hot engine operating time to define a total soot mass value.

Abstract: A combustion control method in an engine of a vehicle, the method includes the following steps. A step of specifying a NOx concentration in an exhaust gas, when an EGR rate is out of a first reference range, and determining whether a value thereof falls within a predetermined second reference range; a step of, estimating a heat generation rate profile indicating crank angle dependency of a heat generation rate in the engine, when the NOx concentration is determined out of the second reference range; and a step of comparing a value of an index characterizing the estimated heat generation rate profile with a value of an index in an ideal heat generation rate profile specified from a driving condition of the vehicle and controlling a combustion condition in the engine based on a result.

Abstract: Various embodiments may include a method for regenerating a particle filter comprising: increasing a measured exhaust-gas temperature from a normal operation level to above a desorption start temperature defined by initiating release of sulfur compounds accumulated in the particle filter; monitoring a particle mass in the exhaust-gas flow downstream of the particle filter; comparing the particle mass to a predefined threshold value above which the formation of white smoke can be expected; if the threshold value is exceeded, setting the exhaust-gas temperature to a desorption temperature for release of sulfur compounds until the particle mass falls below the threshold; if the particle mass threshold value is not exceeded, setting the exhaust-gas temperature to a regeneration temperature for burning-off of the particle loading of the particle filter for a predetermined time period; and after the time period has elapsed, ending the regeneration by lowering the temperature to the normal operation level.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust gas pathway configured to receive exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, a temperature sensor configured to sense a temperature of the exhaust gas, a first injector configured to inject a first reductant into the exhaust gas pathway at a first location when the sensed temperature is below a threshold temperature, and a first treatment element positioned downstream of the first location. A second injector is configured to inject a second reductant of a different composition than the first reductant into the exhaust gas pathway at a second location downstream of the first treatment element when the sensed temperature is above the threshold temperature. The system further includes a second treatment element positioned downstream of the second location.

Abstract: A speech recognition device includes a speech acquiring unit, a speech outputting unit, a camera unit, and a processor. The processor obtains speech input acquired by the speech acquiring unit, obtains images acquired by the camera unit, chronologically links the obtained speech and the obtained images together, compares the obtained speech to a speech database to confirm matching speech and a confidence level of the matching speech, determines whether the confidence level of the matching speech exceeds a predetermined confidence level, and outputs the matching speech when the confidence level of the matching speech exceeds the predetermined confidence level.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes: a controller comprising at least one processor is configured to carry out rich spike; wherein the controller carries out supply control to supply a reducing agent to a post-stage catalyst, wherein in cases where a temperature of an NSR catalyst becomes less than a predetermined determination temperature in at least a part of a determination period of time, the controller carries out the supply control according to the execution of current rich spike; wherein the controller controls such that in cases where the storage amount of NOx is the same, an amount of supply of the reducing agent in the supply control is made larger as a period of time in which the temperature of the NSR catalyst becomes less than the predetermined determination temperature in the determination period of time becomes longer.

Abstract: A method for controlling an SCR system having two metering valves and a feed pump, wherein the two metering valves are operated in such a way that a reducing agent solution is metered in simultaneously via the two metering valves, at least over part of a metering time period (tDos).

Abstract: An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine is connected to an outlet of the internal combustion engine and has a particulate filter. A differential pressure line for ascertaining the particulate filter load connects a section of the exhaust passage upstream from the particulate filter and a section of the exhaust passage downstream from the particulate filter to a differential pressure sensor. At an end of the differential pressure line facing the exhaust passage, a reservoir which serves to collect condensate protrudes into the exhaust passage and can be heated up by the exhaust gas in the exhaust passage. Due to the heating of the reservoir, the liquid that has collected in the reservoir evaporates and can be introduced in gaseous form into the exhaust passage through an opening in the reservoir, so that the risk of droplet formation in the exhaust passage is avoided.

Abstract: A reducing agent dosing valve (24) on an exhaust system (12) of an internal combustion engine (10), having a pump (32) which generates an injection pressure (p_24), and having a control unit (14) which actuates the reducing agent dosing valve (24) with actuation signals is presented, wherein the actuation signals are formed in a manner dependent on a reducing agent pressure (p_36) prevailing at the pump side. The method is distinguished by the fact that the actuation signals are formed additionally in a manner dependent on at least one estimated value for an influence of a drop in the injection pressure (p_24), which occurs upon the opening of the reducing agent dosing valve (24), on the injected reducing agent quantity.

Abstract: A fuel injection control device includes a valve closing detection unit to detect a valve closing timing by using either of an electromotive force quantity detection mode and an timing detection mode and a selection unit to select either of the electromotive force quantity detection mode and the timing detection mode for detecting the valve closing timing, and the selection unit: selects the timing detection mode when a requested injection quantity is larger than a prescribed reference injection quantity in partial lift injection; and selects the electromotive force quantity detection mode when the requested injection quantity is smaller than the reference injection quantity.