Abstract: An internal-combustion engine receives no air from outside atmosphere and it discharges no gas into outside atmosphere. The engine receives fuel, oxygen and recycled combustion gas and its exhaust consists mostly of carbon dioxide and water vapor. Most of the gas exhausted from the engine is recycled back into the engine intake, and the remaining gas is cooled and condensed into liquid carbon dioxide and water. Discharge of greenhouse gas into environment and emission of other harmful air pollutants are eliminated.

Abstract: A control module and method for an exhaust system of an engine can include a secondary air intake (SAI) pressure module that monitors SAI pressure. An accumulation module can accumulate an SAI string length based on the monitored SAI pressure. A calculation module can determine an average SAI string length based on the accumulated SAI string length. A determination module can determine an operating characteristic of the vehicle exhaust based on the average SAI string length.

Abstract: The invention concerns a burner, particularly an auxiliary burner in a motor vehicle and most especially a burner to rapidly heat up a three way catalytic converter of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, with a fuel supply mechanism to deliver fuel to the burner, an air supply mechanism to deliver air to the burner, as well as with an open-loop or closed-loop control mechanism to set a desired fuel-air-ratio in the burner. The invention additionally concerns a procedure to operate such a burner. Provision is made, that the open-loop or closed-loop mechanism adjusts the fuel mass delivered from the fuel supply mechanism to the burner to the air mass delivered from the air supply mechanism to the burner.

Abstract: When performing temperature elevation control at a first exhaust purification device, a second exhaust purification device is prevented from being raised in temperature to a set temperature or more.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a vehicle having a diesel engine and a method of operation are disclosed. The exhaust system may include a diesel particulate filter, a pipe located downstream of the diesel particulate filter and an exhaust gas cooling assembly. The exhaust gas cooling assembly may have an air pump and a connecting pipe connected to the pipe and configured to direct air from the air pump into the pipe. During particulate filter regeneration, the air pump may be activated to push air into the exhaust in order to reduce the temperature of exhaust gasses exiting the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle system includes a hydrocarbon adsorber, a catalyst, a control module, and a heater. The hydrocarbon adsorber receives first exhaust gases, adsorbs hydrocarbons from the first exhaust gases, and outputs second exhaust gases. The catalyst receives the second exhaust gases. The control module controls a heater and fuel injectors. The heater heats a portion of the catalyst to a predetermined temperature. The control module controls the fuel injectors to generate a fuel-rich air/fuel mixture when the portion of the catalyst is heated to the predetermined temperature.

Abstract: There is provided an exhaust purifying system for an internal combustion engine which can achieve a function of a catalyst without deteriorating a function of ozone at the time of oxidizing and removing PM by using the ozone. The exhaust purifying system for the internal combustion engine comprises a wall-flow type particulate filter (30) for collecting particulate matter in an exhaust gas inside an exhaust passage, wherein the catalyst (38) is supported only in a part of a partition wall (37) of the particulate filter defining a passage (36) on the downstream side of the partition wall (37). In consequence, when ozone is supplied, since the ozone is introduced on the upstream side of the partition wall (37) in which the PM is collected, the ozone does not contact the catalyst supported only in the part of the partition wall defining the passage (36) on the downstream side of the partition wall. Therefore, it is prevented that the ozone is decomposed, and a PM oxidation function is achieved.

Abstract: A silencer for a motorcycle with relaxed layout restrictions has a drum portion connected to a head. A conduit extends through the drum portion in a direction of connection. The drum portion decreases in cross sectional area toward a downstream side. A catalyst holding portion formed in the head has a catalyst fixed member to which a catalyst inserted member is fixed at a position upstream of the drum portion. A catalyst is inserted into the catalyst inserted member.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying system for an internal combustion engine includes a first exhaust passage (22a) and a second exhaust passage (22b) into which an exhaust passage (21) of the internal combustion engine is bifurcated. NOx storage reduction catalysts (23a, 23b) and particulate filters (24a, 24b) are provided in each of the exhaust passages (22a, 22b). Fuel is supplied from a fuel valve (32) when NOx is to be released from the NOx storage reduction catalysts (23a, 23b). At a timing when the supplied fuel attaches to the NOx storage reduction catalysts (23a, 23b), one of exhaust control valves, for example, a first exhaust control valve (26a) is temporarily closed so as to keep the air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas rich. When NOx is released from the NOx storage reduction catalysts (23a, 23b) next time, a second exhaust control valve (26b) is temporarily closed after the fuel is supplied.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with a system for secondary air charging has a combustion unit, an intake air conduit connected to the combustion unit, and an exhaust gas conduit connected to the combustion unit. A throttle is arranged in the intake air conduit. A turbo-engine is connected to the intake air conduit by a supply conduit upstream of the throttle and by a discharge conduit downstream of the throttle. A compressor is provided wherein the turbo-engine is connected operatively to the compressor and wherein the compressor is connected by a connecting line to the exhaust gas conduit. A valve is arranged in the discharge conduit. A vacuum cell actuates the valve. An electro-pneumatic converter is operatively connected to the vacuum cell. The vacuum cell, when reaching a defined differential pressure, opens the valve suddenly so that a vacuum pulse is generated that acts on the turbo-engine.

Abstract: A secondary-air supply system for an internal combustion engine, including a catalyst provided in an exhaust passage and configured to purify exhaust gas from the engine, and a secondary-air supply source and a secondary-air valve provided in a secondary-air passage connected upstream from the catalyst. A secondary-air supply device is configured to drive the secondary-air supply source and to open the secondary-air valve to supply secondary air to the exhaust passage upstream from the catalyst under a warm-up condition of the engine. Secondary-air supply control means is configured to control the secondary-air supply device to drive the secondary-air supply source and to open the secondary-air valve under a high-load operating condition where a flow rate of the exhaust gas is high, the high-load operating condition being different from the warm-up condition.

Abstract: The present invention is a turbocharger (18) and control system based strategy to control exhaust gas filters (30) for aftertreatment regeneration. The air handling system (10) uses the variable turbine geometry (VTG) of the turbine (20) and a compressor (22) flow control bleed valve (24) to drive pressurized intake air into the exhaust. The oxygen rich exhaust gas can then be mixed with fuel and combusted. Increasing the temperature of the exhaust gas will combust the excess exhaust gas emissions and reduce the pressure drop across the filter (30). This system (10) can be used under any operating conditions so as to be available to combust the excess exhaust gas emissions when needed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an emission control system for reducing gases from the exhaust of a combustion engine. In at least one embodiment, the emission control system includes an exhaust passage for transporting the exhaust from the combustion engine, and a particulate filter and selective catalytic reduction (SCR/PF) unit disposed within the passage, with the unit having a plurality of spaced filter walls extending axially along the passage and selective catalytic reduction catalyst variably loaded on the unit to provide a more uniform pressure drop relative to a unit having uniformly loaded catalyst.

Abstract: An regeneration system for use in a power system is disclosed. The regeneration system may include a source of intake air, an engine brake configured to reduce the speed of an engine by compression and release of the intake air, and a valve configured to divert a portion of the intake air to an auxiliary device. The regeneration system may further include a controller in communication with the engine brake and the valve. The controller may be configured to move the valve to reduce the portion of intake air diverted to the auxiliary device when the engine brake is active.

Abstract: A cooling system for cooling exhaust gases includes a section of pipe adapted to receive exhaust gases having a first temperature. The cooling system further includes an air amplifier with a passage extending therethrough. The air amplifier receives a flow of compressed air and directs the flow of the compressed air through the passageway. The compressed air entrains ambient air into one end of the passageway so that discharge air, which includes compressed air and ambient air, is discharged from the other end of the passageway. A conduit is connected to the air amplifier and extends through a wall of the section of pipe. Discharge air from the air amplifier passes through the conduit into the interior portion of the pipe and mixes with the exhaust gases. The mixture of discharge air and exhaust gases has a second temperature that is less than the first temperature.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes an exhaust-gas system with n>1 exhaust-gas flow configurations, wherein n is an integer. The exhaust-gas flow configurations are at least partly separated from one another and each of the exhaust-gas flow configurations includes at least one catalytic converter. The internal combustion engine includes a secondary air supply system with at least one secondary air pump and at least one secondary air valve. The at least one secondary air pump is connected, via the at least one secondary air valve, to at most n?1 of the exhaust-gas flow configurations upstream of the at least one catalytic converter of the at most n?1 of the exhaust-gas flow configurations. The remaining ones of the exhaust-gas flow configurations are separated from the secondary air supply system.

Abstract: An ECU executes (300) a program including a step (S202) of opening an electromagnetic ASV (232) while a vacuum pressure ASV (1) and a vacuum pressure ASV (2) are controlled so as to be closed, and an air pump (200) is controlled so as to be stopped in a case where an air amount GA that is an amount of air introduced into an engine (100) is equal to or larger than a predetermined air amount GA (0), and a coolant temperature TW at the starting time of the engine is equal to or higher than a predetermined coolant temperature TW (0) (“YES” in step S200); a step (S204) of detecting a pressure; a step (S206) of closing the electromagnetic ASV; and a step (S402) of determining that failure has occurred in at least one of the vacuum pressure ASV (1) and the vacuum pressure ASV (2), that is, one of the vacuum pressure ASV (1) and the vacuum pressure ASV (2) remains in an opened state and cannot be closed when there is a pulsation of the pressure that is detected while the electromagnetic ASV is opened (“YES” in step S

Abstract: A method is provided for compensating for factors affecting particulate matter accumulation within an aftertreatment element of an engine exhaust system. The method comprises determining rate of change of flow resistance through the aftertreatment element with time. Regeneration is periodically initiated to reduce particulate matter accumulation within the aftertreatment element. Rate of change of flow resistance through the aftertreatment element over time is correlated with at least a model of particulate matter accumulation within the aftertreatment element and a model of regeneration frequency of the aftertreatment element, based on predetermined values for particulate matter accumulation and regeneration frequency. Action, at least including increasing regeneration frequency, is initiated to compensate for an increased rate of particulate matter accumulation in the aftertreatment element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle, comprising an exhaust line in which an exhaust treatment device, in particular an oxidation catalyst or a particulate filter is arranged for treating the exhaust gases coming from the internal combustion engine. It is essential to this invention that a device for heating the exhaust gases in the exhaust line is arranged upstream from the exhaust treatment device and is connected to a fuel supply and an air supply, the latter producing primary air and secondary air, and the device has a pre-oxidation zone a downstream post-oxidation zone, such that the pre-oxidation zone is connected to the fuel supply for its supply of liquid fuel and is connected to the air supply for its supply of primary air, while the post-oxidation zone is connected to the air supply for its supply of secondary air.

Abstract: An engine system includes an engine, an intake fluid system, and an exhaust fluid system. Furthermore, the engine system includes a turbocharger device including a compressor member in operative communication with the intake fluid stream and an energy supply member in operative communication with the exhaust stream to be actuated thereby. The energy supply member transfers energy to the compressor member, and the compressor member supplies a compressed fluid stream to the engine. Moreover, the engine system includes an aftertreatment device in operative communication with the exhaust stream to treat the exhaust stream. The engine system additionally includes a bypass fluid system that bypasses the internal combustion engine. The bypass fluid system supplies the portion of the compressed fluid stream to the aftertreatment device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust system (1) for an internal combustion engine (3) having at least one exhaust gas line (2) that carries exhaust gas and having an injection device (4) for spraying a liquid into the exhaust gas line (2). Downstream from the injection device (4) a vaporizer device (7) which has at least one tubular sheet metal body (8) downstream from the injection device (4), said sheet metal body extending in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust gas line (2) and causing an improved vaporization of the liquid sprayed into the exhaust gas line. In addition, at least one clamp device (12) which is designed like a spring is provided, securing the vaporizer device (7) in the exhaust gas line (2) and/or bracing it elastically against the exhaust gas line.

Abstract: A particulate filter regeneration system regenerates a particulate filter provided in an exhaust line of an engine equipped with a turbocharger by burning matter trapped on the particulate filter by raising the temperature of exhaust gas at times that the particulate filter requires regeneration. The system has an electric motor functioning as an intake quantity regeneration portion capable of increasing the flow rate of compressed air without depending on the flow rate of exhaust gas flowing across a turbine of the turbocharger, a bypass line connecting an engine intake line upstream of the engine to a section of the exhaust line upstream of the particulate filter, a flow rate regulation valve regulating the flow rate in the bypass line, and a control portion controlling the electric motor and the flow rate regulator.

Abstract: A valve device includes a control valve for manipulating a communication between a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel. The valve device further includes a pressure sensor for detecting pressure in the first fluid channel. The pressure sensor is provided on a side face defining the first fluid channel. The pressure sensor has a pressure detection face directly opposed to the first fluid channel. The pressure detection face is substantially in parallel with a first axis of the first fluid channel.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for controlling the reducing agent in an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas duct in which an SCR catalyst is provided in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas. A reducing agent-generating system (RGS) comprising an NOx and CO/H2 production unit as well as a combined NOx storage/ammonia production unit in the standard gas path of the reducing agent-generating system. Ammonia is delivered upstream from the SCR catalyst to reduce nitrogen oxides, starting materials for producing the ammonia being fed at least in part to the NOx and CO/H2 production unit via a fuel inlet and an air inlet. An AGC matrix of the combined NOx storage/ammonia production unit is cooled at least intermittently by means of an inner and/or outer cooling device.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a lean burn internal combustion engine includes a particulate filter (CSF), a first NOx absorbent (NOx(1)) disposed upstream of the filter and a second NOx absorbent (NOx(2)) disposed downstream of the filter.

Abstract: A method for operating a diesel internal combustion engine having a compressed air source, a diesel particulate filter situated in the exhaust gas system, and a secondary air line and secondary air compressor for introducing secondary air into the exhaust gas system of the internal combustion engine, in which the compressed air source is used to drive the secondary air compressor.

Abstract: A component for a vehicular exhaust pipe includes an upstream venturi forming portion for creating at least a partial vacuum interior to the component. A downstream diverter housing portion of the component has an inlet coupled to an outlet of the venturi portion. The diverter housing portion includes the diverter element positioned adjacent an output of the diverter housing portion for forcing axially central exhaust flow radially outward toward a wall of the diverter housing. The partial vacuum in the component device causes colder environmental ambient air to enter an inlet of the component. The diverter also creates a mixture of hot exhaust flow with the colder environmental air, resulting in a lower temperature of the exhaust gas exiting the component and substantial elimination of centrally disposed exhaust hot spots.

Abstract: Nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converters for purifying the exhaust gas of lean-burn engines are periodically regenerated by switching the engine from lean-burn mode to rich-burn mode. After regeneration has taken place, the engine is switched back to lean-burn mode. At this time, rich exhaust gas is still flowing in the exhaust line from the engine to the catalytic converter, which rich exhaust gas is ejected via the catalytic converter into the environment by the following, lean exhaust gas. This leads to brief emissions peaks of the rich exhaust gas constituents and impairs the level of exhaust gas cleaning which can be obtained. In order to solve said problem, it is proposed to create oxidizing conditions by injecting air upstream of the storage catalytic converter, so that the rich exhaust gas constituents still flowing in the exhaust line upstream of the storage catalytic converter can be converted at the storage catalytic converter to form non-harmful products.

Abstract: The present invention provides an engine including a secondary air supply apparatus for supplying a secondary air to an exhaust gas passage in a cylinder head. The engine comprises a secondary air passage of the secondary air supply apparatus which extends from an outer peripheral surface of the cylinder head through an under-portion of the exhaust gas passage into the exhaust gas passage. The secondary air passage has a groove geometry of passage portion on a matching surface between the cylinder head and a cylinder body.

Abstract: A secondary air supply system includes a supply passage, a valve, and a detecting unit. Secondary air is supplied to the upstream of a purification apparatus in an exhaust passage of an engine through the supply passage. The valve communicates and blocks the supply passage to be in open and close conditions. The detecting unit detects a detection object of secondary air in the upstream of the valve in the supply passage. A diagnosis apparatus for the secondary air supply system includes a diagnosis unit that obtains a detection result of the detecting unit in each of the open and close conditions of the valve for evaluating an abnormity of the secondary air supply system in accordance with the detection result. The diagnosis apparatus includes a reliability maintaining unit that determines the diagnosis operation of the diagnosis unit to be valid when the detecting operations in the open and close conditions are continuously performed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method and apparatus for reducing exhaust gases in an initial cold start period, in which a main catalyst unit is connected to an engine through an exhaust pipe, including the steps of receiving signals for stopping engine operation from an engine, and removing engine exhaust gases remaining in an exhaust pipe located at an inlet of a main catalyst unit.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification device of an internal combustion engine is taught that preferably include a storage tank storing an exhaust gas purification solution that is injected into an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, a solution supply line that is constructed to introduce the exhaust gas purification solution from the storage tank to the exhaust passage, a supply pump disposed on the solution supply line, and a gas-liquid selection device. The gas-liquid selection device is constructed to selectively introduce the exhaust gas purification solution and air into the solution supply line.

Abstract: An exhaust device of an eight-cylinder engine can include first to eighth cylinders and a manifold. The first to eighth cylinders are ignited in that order. The exhaust manifold includes first to eighth upstream exhaust pipes extending respectively from the first to eighth cylinders. The first to fourth midway exhaust pipes can extend respectively from a joined portion of the first and fifth upstream exhaust pipes, a joined portion of the second and sixth upstream exhaust pipes, a joined portion of the third and seventh upstream exhaust pipes, and a joined portion of the fourth and eighth upstream exhaust pipes. A downstream exhaust pipe can connect extended ends of the first to fourth midway exhaust pipes to the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: An aftertreatment burner for an exhaust treatment device is disclosed. The aftertreatment burner may have a mounting member, and a canister connected to the mounting member to form a combustion chamber. The aftertreatment burner may also have a fuel injector disposed within the mounting member to selectively inject fuel into combustion chamber, and an air supply line configured to supply air to the combustion chamber. The aftertreatment burner may further have an igniter disposed within the mounting member to ignite the fuel/air mixture, and a thermal couple configured to detect the ignition.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a NOx adsorbent that is provided in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, and that adsorbs nitrogen monoxide; an active oxygen supply device that supplies active oxygen to an area upstream of the NOx adsorbent; and a control portion that performs a first control that does not cause the active oxygen supply device to supply the active oxygen while exhaust gas flows to the NOx adsorbent at a time of cold start of the internal combustion engine, whereby the nitrogen monoxide is adsorbed by the NOx adsorbent, wherein the control portion performs a second control that causes the active oxygen supply device to supply the active oxygen after the first control is finished, whereby the nitrogen monoxide adsorbed by the NOx adsorbent is converted to a nitrate or a nitrate ion on the NOx adsorbent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for operating a motor vehicle internal combustion engine having a controller for adjusting NOx emissions in the exhaust gas, wherein a NOx controller is combined with a combustion controller. A control unit of an internal combustion engine is further proposed, said control unit comprising first control means for performing cylinder pressure-based combustion control, and second control means for performing NOx control, wherein the first and second control means are linked to each other.

Abstract: In an engine 5 including an in-cylinder injector, the valve timing of an intake valve is retarded by VVT (Variable Valve Timing) controlled by an engine ECU to decompress in a combustion chamber at engine startup. In accordance with a configuration in which the valve timing of intake valve is advanced in a stepped manner from an initial set value, fuel injection from in-cylinder injector is inhibited during the time when the advance is equal to or below a predetermined standard value, and fuel injection from in-cylinder injector is allowed when exceeding the predetermined standard value, whereby degradation in the exhaust emission level in accordance with start time decompression control can be suppressed.

Abstract: An exhaust-treatment system is provided having an oxidation catalyst configured to heat exhaust gas flowing through the oxidation catalyst. The system also has a particulate filter configured to receive the heated exhaust gas, and a recirculation loop configured to receive a portion of heated exhaust gas downstream of the oxidation catalyst and deliver the portion of exhaust gas upstream of the oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: An exhaust device for adjusting an exhaust gas cross sectional area of an exhaust passage in a combustion engine includes a valve body arranged in the exhaust passage communicating to an exhaust port of the combustion engine; a valve shaft fixed or integrally formed to the valve body and arranged so as to transverse the exhaust passage, the valve shaft changing the opening of the valve body by turning with the valve body about an axis of the valve shaft; a pair of bearing members for supporting rotatably the valve shaft at both ends thereof in a axial direction of the valve shaft; and a stopper arranged on the valve shaft so as to face an end face on the inward side of the exhaust passage of each bearing member in the axial direction. The stopper is restricted in the axial direction by the end face of each of the bearing members so that the valve body and the valve shaft do not move in the axial direction.

Abstract: An abnormality diagnosis apparatus is used for a secondary air supply system for an internal combustion engine. The system includes an air pump for supplying secondary air into an upstream of a catalyst in an exhaust gas passage of the internal combustion engine. A secondary air detecting means detects secondary air information. An abnormality diagnosis means performs an abnormality diagnosis of the secondary air supply system in accordance with the secondary air information detected using the secondary air detecting means. A temperature information determining means performs at least one of detection and estimation of air pump temperature information. A condition setting means performs at least one of setting and compensating a condition for evaluating normality and abnormality of the secondary air supply system in accordance with the air pump temperature information.

Abstract: The invention relates to a static mixer for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine. The mixer has a wall structure that is arranged across the directional of flow in a pipe and has several layers of a corrugated sheeting material laying across one another in the direction of flow. The cells through which the flow can pass in the direction of flow are provided between the sheeting material of neighboring layers. The sheeting material has baffles for all or several of the cells. The baffles are arranged on the sheeting material so that they are arranged on their outgoing flow side in the case of said cells and extend in the direction of flow and across it.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a motor vehicle engine includes mixing vent flaps in the exhaust pipe which open responsive to exhaust temperature. The vent flap forms a portion of the exhaust pipe when closed and is pivotally attached along one edge to the exhaust pipe to open inwardly into the exhaust pipe to constrict and accelerate flow in the pipe to allow outside air to be drawn into the exhaust pipe. A magnetic catch latches the vent flap in its closed position and a magnetic release responsive to increased temperature of the exhaust stream releases the vent flap.

Abstract: It is intended to efficiently remove particulate substances, such as NOx and soot, without poisoning by Sox, etc. from dilute-combustion effecting internal combustion engines, combustion equipment, etc. There is provided an exhaust gas purifier to be installed in exhaust passage (2) of internal combustion engine (1) or the like, comprising, disposed in the exhaust passage (2), NOx adsorbent (4) capable of temporarily adsorbing nitrogen oxides even in an atmosphere of excess air and capable of desorbing the adsorbed nitrogen oxides upon temperature rise or in a reducing atmosphere, adsorbed substance desorbing means (3) arranged on an exhaust upstream side as compared with the NOx adsorbent (4) and capable of heating the exhaust or converting it to a reducing atmosphere, and combustion device (5) arranged on an exhaust downstream side as compared with the NOx adsorbent (4) and composed of fuel nozzle (6) and igniter (7). In normal operation, the NOx adsorbent (4) adsorbs NOx contained in exhaust gas.

Abstract: A second air flow control apparatus disposed between an air inlet port of an engine and an exhaust port includes a body, a base, a moving member, and a gas thread. The body has a cavity, an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet being connected through the cavity. The base is fixed in the cavity, having at least an opening for controlling the air flow through the air flowing path. The moving member is pivotably disposed in the cavity or the base by a spring force and having at least a gate and a cover configured for controlling the area of the opening. The gas thread is connected to the moving member and configured for pulling the moving member to generate a processional rotation and a resetting rotation. The rotations are configured for controlling the gate and the cover part to adjust the opening area of the opening so as to precisely control the second air flow.

Abstract: During secondary air supply control, a secondary air supply system which supplies secondary air to an upstream side of an exhaust gas control apparatus obtains a secondary air flow rate supplied to an exhaust passage provided independently for each of a plurality of cylinder groups, and detects an abnormality in the secondary air supply system based on a noxious substance amount in exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust passages which is determined from the obtained secondary air flow rates.

Abstract: To provide an exhaust emission control device of an internal combustion engine able to well atomize a reducing agent and ensure supply of combustion air. Since a controller of the exhaust emission control device also controls a nozzle opening degree of a variable geometry turbocharger for purpose of spraying a urea water, even in the state where the engine works in a low load range of T1 to T2 where supercharging pressure normally can not be increased, supercharging pressure P suitable to atomization of the urea water can be obtained by controlling the nozzle opening degree of the variable geometry turbocharger to be closer to a closing side compared to the conventional art (shown by the chain double-dashed line), while the urea water can be securely atomized by a part of the supercharged air.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an engine, comprising of a first exhaust passage providing a first flow area, a second exhaust passage communicatively coupled to the first exhaust passage, the second exhaust passage providing a second flow area greater than the first flow area, wherein the second exhaust passage is arranged downstream of the first exhaust passage, wherein a first wall surface of the first exhaust passage defines at least a first opening for transferring air external the first exhaust passage to within the first exhaust passage and a second wall surface of the second exhaust passage defines at least a second opening for transferring air external the second exhaust passage to within the second exhaust passage, a first protrusion disposed within the first exhaust passage upstream of the first opening, and a second protrusion disposed within the second exhaust passage upstream of the second opening.

Abstract: A system and a method for monitoring operation of an exhaust gas treatment system using an exhaust gas sensor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment is provided. The exhaust gas treatment system has an exhaust pipe configured to receive exhaust gases. The exhaust gas treatment system has an SCR catalyst coupled to the exhaust pipe. The exhaust gas treatment system has a urea delivery system configured to delivery urea upstream of the SCR catalyst. The exhaust gas sensor has an ammonia sensing electrode communicating with exhaust gases downstream of the SCR catalyst. The method includes generating a first output signal utilizing the ammonia sensing electrode, the first output signal being indicative of a first ammonia level. The method further includes generating a second output signal to induce the urea delivery system to deliver a predetermined flow rate of urea upstream of the SCR catalyst. The second output signal is based on the first output signal.

Abstract: A secondary air supply system in which individual members may be arranged to be disposed on substantially the same straight line in an engine, whereby connection path lengths are reduced and the attachment thereof is facilitated. The secondary air supply system may be provided between an air cleaner and attached to an engine and an exhaust port of the engine. The secondary air supply system has a secondary air control valve, a lead valve and secondary air supply paths which connect the air cleaner, the secondary air control valve and the lead valve together and supply air to the exhaust port from the air cleaner. The air cleaner, the secondary air control valve and the lead valve may be arranged to be disposed on substantially the same straight line when viewed from the side.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control apparatus of an internal combustion engine includes: an exhaust gas purifying catalyst disposed in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine; fuel cutting means for cutting fuel to be supplied to the internal combustion engine at the time of deceleration of the internal combustion engine; and catalyst degradation suppressing means for suppressing degradation of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst by prohibiting operation of the fuel cutting means when it is determined that the degradation of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst advances, wherein the catalyst degradation suppressing means sets an operation permitting period, during which the operation of the fuel cutting means is permitted after completion of a fuel quantity increasing operation of the internal combustion engine.