Abstract: An exhaust system (1) is provided with an exhaust passage that allows exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine to pass therethrough, an exhaust emission control unit including a catalyst (2,3) such as a three-way catalyst (27) to purify the exhaust gas, and an exhaust heat collecting unit that converts thermal energy of the exhaust gas into electric energy. The exhaust passage (25) is formed in the center of the exhaust system provided with the exhaust emission control unit. By-pass passages (26) are formed at both sides of the exhaust passage (25) through which the exhaust gas flows without passing through the exhaust emission control unit. The exhaust heat collecting unit (29) is provided on the outer side of each of the by-pass passages (26).

Abstract: Method and apparatus for removing contaminants from internal combustion engine exhaust gas recirculation cooler. The method feeds a portion of such exhaust gasses to an input end of an exhaust gas recirculation cooler with such gases flowing through the cooler to exit an output end of the cooler. The output end is at a lower elevation then the input end with gravitational forces being imparted to the contaminants. At least a portion of the contaminants exiting the cooler are collected in a trap. The exhaust gasses exiting the trap are returned to an intake manifold of the engine. Apparatus includes: a cooler for cooling the exhaust gasses having an input port for receiving a portion of such exhaust gasses and an output port for removing the cooled gasses; and a trap coupled to the output port for collecting particulates in the exhaust gasses passing to such trap from the cooler.

Abstract: The invention relates to systems for removing NOx from exhaust. In one aspect of the invention, after adsorption, an NOx adsorber is isolated from the main exhaust flow and desorption induced by raising the temperature. The desorbed NOx is combined with a reductant and reduced over a catalyst. Preferably, the reductant is syn gas produced in an on-board reformer. The catalyst need never be exposed to the main exhaust flow, which is particularly advantageous for catalysts sensitive to water, oxygen, or sulfur. In another aspect of the invention, a recirculating flow is induced through an NOx adsorber during a regeneration cycle. Recirculation can induce greater desorption at a given temperature, provide a source of heat for the adsorber, and allow a higher conversion rate with a fixed amount of catalyst. A further aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle-mounted adsorbers with provisions for heating.

Abstract: A thermoelectric generating device has a thermoelectric element which utilizes an exhaust gas from an engine as a high temperature heat source and an engine coolant as a low temperature heat source in order to generate electricity. An introducing passage introduces a part of the exhaust gas passed through the thermoelectric element into an intake of the engine. An introducing valve opens and closes the introducing passage. A controller controls an opening degree of the introducing valve according to a load of the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided in which the temperature of an exhaust gas gradually decreases from its upstream side to its downstream side, and the temperature of a working medium of a heat exchanger, which flows in the opposite direction to the exhaust gas, gradually increases from its upstream side to its downstream side. The temperature difference between the exhaust gas temperature and the working medium temperature is the smallest at the interface between a liquid phase region and a two-phase region of the working medium, and since a catalyst device is incorporated at the upstream side, relative to the flow of exhaust gas, of the vicinity of the position where the temperature difference is the smallest, it is therefore possible for the heat exchanger to utilize the heat generated by the catalyst device effectively.

Abstract: A vehicular atmosphere cleansing system utilizes a regenerative wheel having flow channels extending through the wheel coated with an adsorbant. An atmosphere stream passes through a first position dependent portion of the wheel where VOC's including HC's are adsorbed while a heated atmosphere stream passes through a second position dependent regenerative portion of the wheel whereat VOC's are desorbed. The adsorbant is activated carbon having particles of micropore size adhered to the substrate by a silicone binder producing high adsorption efficiencies while withstanding relatively high regenerative heat temperatures resulting from exhaust gas sensible heat. A hydrocarbon senses HC in the desorbed heated atmosphere stream to rotatively and sequentially index pie shaped, segmented portions of the wheel into the wheel's regenerative region while also functioning as the main component of an OBD device for the system.

Abstract: A moisture trap is formed as an integral part of the wall of an exhaust conduit. Tapered surfaces can be provided to direct condensate downwardly and into a reservoir of the moisture trap where the moisture is retained until the temperature of the exhaust system reaches adequate magnitudes to evaporate the water and conduct it out of the exhaust system along with the exhaust gases.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying system and a method for purifying exhaust gas of combustion engines. The system includes a hollow casing, a converter chamber disposed within the casing, spray nozzles for spraying a scrubbing liquid into the converter chamber for forming a moisture-saturated exhaust gas in order to remove pollutants dispersed in the exhaust gas and purifying the exhaust gas, a cooling container disposed within the casing and defining a cooling jacket enveloping the converter chamber for cooling thereof, a primary circulating reservoir fluidly connected to the converter chamber for receiving the moisture-saturated exhaust gas and separating the purified exhaust gas from a waste liquid and for cleaning the scrubbing liquid from the pollutants dispersed in the waste liquid for reuse, and a secondary circulating reservoir fluidly connected to the primary circulating reservoir for receiving the cleaned scrubbing liquid and supplying the scrubbing liquid to the liquid spray nozzles.

Abstract: A system to supply hydrogen-rich fuel to an internal combustion engine, whereby a hydrogen-rich gas is produced from a liquid raw fuel by a hydrogen generator. The exhaust line of the internal combustion engine contains an exhaust purification system, such as a DeNOx catalytic converter, which is at least temporarily supplied with hydrogen-rich gas through a bypass line. In addition, the exhaust line is in thermal contact with the hydrogen generator in order to recover thermal energy.

Abstract: A method for controlling temperature of a catalytic converter in an automobile exhaust system is disclosed. The method includes establishing a reference temperature for the catalytic converter, distributing a stream of exhaust gases through the catalytic converter, obtaining a measured temperature of the catalytic converter and converting thermal energy from the stream of exhaust gases into electrical energy when the measured temperature exceeds the reference temperature. An apparatus for controlling temperature of a catalytic converter in an automobile exhaust system is also disclosed.

Abstract: An exhaust purification system for use with diesel or other compression ignited systems to remove particulate and gaseous pollutants from the exhaust. The system includes a catalytic converter assembly that heats the exhaust to a level sufficient to incinerate particulate pollutants in the exhaust prior to the pollutants contacting the catalytic element and a plurality of gas cooling elements communicating with the exhaust outlet in the catalytic converter assembly for reducing the temperature of the exhaust passing from that assembly to about 100° F. whereupon the cooled exhaust is directed back to the engine for further combustion.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification apparatus for purifying exhaust gas exhausted from a diesel internal combustion engine and containing therein harmful substances including particulates, NOx, HC and CO, at least, comprises a removal part for trapping and removing particulates in the exhaust gas, a purification part for purifying NOx, HC and CO through contact, and a heat transfer part for transferring heat generated in the removal part to the purification part.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new method and system for optimizing the efficiency of an automotive catalytic converter by adjusting the engine air/fuel ratio based on estimates of the actual amount of oxidants stored in the catalyst. The oxidant storage capacity of the catalyst is adjusted by controlling engine spark in response to an estimate of a current amount of oxidants stored in the catalyst and an estimate of the total available oxidant storage capacity of the catalyst. To maintain engine speed in spite of adjustments to the engine spark, the engine air mass is also adjusted.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an exhaust gas control device for internal combustion engines. The exhaust gas control device has a main exhaust pipe (3) communicating with an exhaust manifold (2) used for guiding exhaust gas discharged from a combustion chamber (1) of an engine, a catalytic converter (6) arranged on a predetermined position of the main exhaust pipe (3) for purifying unburnt fuel discharged with the exhaust has and having a plurality of sequentially arranged catalyst units (6a, 6b, 6c), and an unburnt fuel collection tank (8) provided with a plurality of cooling fins (9) and connected to the catalytic converter (6) through a branch pipe (7). The collection tank (8) collects purified unburnt fuel after the unburnt fuel is treated by the catalytic converter (6) so as to remove noxious materials therefrom.

Abstract: A waste heat recovering device for an internal combustion engine includes: an internal combustion engine; and an evaporator into which an exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine is introduced as a high temperature fluid. An exhaust gas inlet of the evaporator is placed adjacent to an exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine. Thus, there can be provided a waste heat recovering device having a high waste heat recovery rate.

Abstract: An automobile catalytic converter that utilizes the energy of the exothermic reactions that take place in the catalysis substrate to produce electrical energy with a thermoelectric generator. On vehicle cold start, the thermoelectric generator is used as a heat pump to heat the catalyst substrate to reduce the time to catalyst light-off. In this way, the catalytic converter comes up to operating temperature more rapidly, reducing the amount of pollutant emissions at vehicle start-up.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for cooling motor vehicle exhaust gases, which heat exchanger is to be fitted into an exhaust line of the vehicle and having at least three tubes in contact by way of their outer walls with cooling air, in which the exhaust gases are brought to circulate.

Abstract: A heated and insulated catalytic converter includes a heat storage device and a control system for maintaining an elevated temperature while the engine is not operating. The control system may also include control of flaps to allow cool air to circulate to prevent overheating and timers.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for removing NOx from an exhaust stream of a lean-burn engine during an engine cold start are provided. The apparatus includes a close-coupled LNT coupled to a main LNT by a hollow conduit. NOx from the cold exhaust is initially stored on the close-coupled LNT. As the engine exhaust warms up, the close-coupled LNT reaches its operating temperature and reduces the stored NOx to N2. When the temperature of the close-coupled LNT reaches approximately 350° C., NOx is released from the close-coupled LNT, is absorbed on the main LNT, and is converted to N2 during fuel-rich conditions, The close-coupled LNT can be regenerated after the engine is turned off by providing heat. The released NOx during the regeneration of the closed-coupled LNT is absorbed by the main LNT. The stored NOx on the main LNT can be reduced to N2 during the next vehicle operation.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to treat fluid streams, and in particular emissions from lean-burn engines such as diesel engines, are disclosed, which use multiple catalysts chosen to remove hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and oxides of nitrogen. The apparatus and method also provide for heat exchange between the inlet and outlet exhaust streams to sustain the catalyzed reactions, by placing the catalysts in the temperature zones where their operation is enhanced, and they also allow for regeneration of a filter used to trap particulate matter in the streams.

Abstract: A method for influencing the exhaust gas temperature of an internal combustion engine is described in which measures can be carried out for increasing, lowering and limiting exhaust gas temperature. Depending on temperature requirements, and in which method these temperature requirements are prioritized, the temperature limitation having the highest priority for ensuring protection of the component parts, the resulting temperature requirement may be achieved by heating measures or cooling measures in such a way that heating measures and cooling measures are not applied at the same time.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for treating a gas flow including guiding the gas flow through a gas treatment unit (18) adapted for filtering particles in the gas flow, and eliminating the particles in the gas treatment unit (18). Particles are filtered from the gas flow by means of accumulating the particles in, or in connection with, a number of ducts (21) forming part of the gas treatment unit (21) during passage of the gas flow through the gas treatment unit (18). The temperature of the gas flow is controlled along the ducts (21) to a value that provides combustion of the particles, and eliminates the filtered particles in the gas treatment unit (18) by means of combustion in the ducts (21). An improved treatment of a gas flow is provided, in particular in connection with exhaust gas purification in a diesel engine, for eliminating particles in its exhaust gases.

Abstract: An apparatus, a system, and a method for treating exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine. The system and method employing the use of a catalytic device coaxial-arranged dual leg apparatus comprising a housing having a first flow path and a second flow path having coaxially arranged portions, a device for selectively directing the exhaust gases between the first flow path and the second flow path, and a first NOx adsorbing catalyst contained in the first flow path.

Abstract: Combustion engine (M), especially an Otto engine or diesel engine for land and water vehicles, has an exhaust system with an exhaust catalyst (20), integrated in the exhaust pipe (L), and a catalyst cooling device (26) fed with a fluid or pasty coolant (14), preferably water, glycerin or a gel. Also claimed is a silencer, especially for the above combustion engine, having a silencer cooling device fed with a fluid or pasty coolant. Preferably, the cooling device (26) forms a housing (G) for the catalyst (20) or silencer, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention involves thermal management of an integrated emission reduction system for the removal of particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from diesel engine exhaust streams. The inventive integrated emission reduction system may include a diesel particulate filter (DPF), a heat source for adjusting the temperature of the exhaust stream entering the DPF, at least one selective catalytic reducer of NOx, a heat exchanger for adjusting the temperature of the exhaust stream entering the NOx reducer, and a computing device for monitoring the temperature and/or pressure of the exhaust stream entering the DPF and the NOx reducer, and for controlling the operation of the heat exchanger and heat source, thereby improving the efficiency of the DPF and the NOx reducer.

Abstract: A method and a device for controlling the temperature of an NOx accumulator to purify the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine, can be used especially for diesel or lean-burn engines. A heat flow is carried off from the exhaust gas stream upstream of the NOx accumulator in the exhaust gas line depending on the operating state of the internal combustion engine, so that a maximum temperature of the NOx accumulator is not exceeded and more particularly so that a specified temperature range is maintained. In order to obtain a minimum operating temperature of the NOx accumulator, the internal combustion engine is operated at least at an air-fuel ratio of ??1 until the minimum operating temperature is reached.

Abstract: An exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine, including a catalyst, and a cooling section provided upstream of the catalyst. The cooling section includes an additional cooling arrangement provided so that in all operating phases of the internal combustion engine with their different exhaust gas mass flow rates, the amount of thermal energy dissipated from the exhaust gas relative to a total amount of thermal energy present in the exhaust gas (relative heat dissipation) is increased in such a way that a maximum temperature reduction is obtained at intermediate values of the exhaust gas mass flow rate.

Abstract: Method and arrangement for treatment of a gas-flow in connection with a NOx reducing catalyst (18) that include guiding the gas-flow through an exhaust gas treatment unit (18) having several ducts (21) with exchange of heat between the ducts (21). The ducts (21) are connected to an inlet and an outlet, respectively, at the exhaust gas treatment unit (18) so that the gas-flow occurs during exchange of heat between incoming and outgoing flows. Reduction of NOx compounds in the gas-flow is accomplished by means of the NOx reducing catalyst (18). An adaptation of the temperature of the exhaust gas treatment unit (18) is affected to the prevailing operating condition of the NOx reducing catalyst (18). The method and apparatus enable provision of the required exhaust gas temperature for NOx reduction, while also accommodating the temperature limitations imposed by sulphur absorption and regeneration subsystems.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing pollutants in internal combustion engine emissions, particularly marine electric generator engines, includes a treatment chamber having an intake opening for receiving gaseous emissions from the engine, and an exhaust opening for exiting emissions. A perforated metal tube is disposed within the treatment chamber, and an electrode is disposed within the metal tube in spaced apart relation to the metal tube. The electrode is encircled by the metal tube so that, upon applying a voltage at a predetermined frequency to the electrode, an arc is generated across the space between the electrode and the metal tube to promote a chemical reaction reducing the concentration of pollutants. The treatment chamber is contained within a manifold, and cooled by a flow of water. A supplemental air source is connected to the treatment chamber, and a chemical substrate is disposed within the treatment chamber for promoting the chemical reaction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a gaseous reducing agent for reducing nitrogen oxides in oxygen-containing exhaust gases, especially exhaust gases of internal-combustion engines, the gases being subjected to a selective-catalytic secondary treatment in a catalytic converter, which is characterized by the fact that a solid reducing agent is brought into contact with a liquid heat-carrying agent that has been heated to a temperature in the range of the evaporation temperature of the reducing agent.

Abstract: A small capacity pre-catalytic system (34) is disposed immediately downstream of an exhaust port (18), and a large capacity main catalytic system (35) is disposed immediately downstream of the pre-catalytic system (34). The pre-catalytic system (34) includes finely divided catalyst supports (48), and a third stage heat exchanger (H3) is disposed between these catalyst supports (48) so that a heat transfer tube (49) is bent in a zigzag manner. Fourth stage and fifth stage heat exchangers (H4, H5) are disposed on the upstream side, in the flow of the exhaust gas, of the pre-catalytic system (34), and first and second stage heat exchangers (H1, H2) are disposed on the downstream side, in the flow of the exhaust gas, of the main catalytic system (35). Water is made to flow through the first stage heat exchanger (H1) to the fifth heat exchanger (H5) in a direction opposite to that in which the exhaust gas flows, thereby exchanging heat with the exhaust gas.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system of an internal combustion engine has an EGR cooler in an EGR passage connecting an exhaust manifold with an intake manifold. The EGR cooler cools EGR gas recirculated through the EGR passage. Cooling performance detecting means included in an electronic control unit (ECU) determines that cooling performance of the EGR cooler is degraded when intake pressure measured by an intake pressure sensor is lower than a normal intake pressure by at least a predetermined value. When the degradation of the cooling performance is detected, cooling performance regeneration controlling means included in the ECU increases the temperature inside the EGR cooler by heating the exhaust gas to eliminate soot or unburned hydrocarbon by oxidization. Thus, the cooling performance of the EGR cooler is regenerated.

Abstract: A method of controlling emissions from a fixed-speed internal combustion engine includes injecting a controlled flow of air into the exhaust between a first catalyst bed adapted to reduce HC and NOx emissions, and a second catalyst bed adapted to reduce CO emissions. The flow of air is controlled to optimize the level of CO emissions, preferably as a function of engine load or temperature. In a marine engine-generator set, the flow of air is controlled as a function of generator load or temperature of the exhaust mixture entering the second catalyst bed, and seawater is injected into the exhaust stream downstream of the catalysts.

Abstract: A combustion chamber graphic analyzer (CCGA) computer software application has been developed for analyzing the performance of individual combustion chambers in an operating gas turbine. The CCGA identifies combustion chambers that are sustaining abnormally hot or cold combustion temperatures. The identification of hot or cold combustion chambers is graphically displayed by the CCGA on a computer display, printed report or other computer output. Whether a combustion chamber is operating hot or cold is determined based on a circumferential profile of the temperatures of the exhaust gases from the gas turbine. This circumferential temperature profile is rotated using a swirl angle to correlate the exhaust gas temperature profile with the circular array of combustion chambers.

Abstract: An exhaust-heat recovery system comprises a catalytic converter, an exhaust heat exchanger, an air conditioner and an engine controller. The catalytic converter is such that exhaust discharged from an engine is passed therethrough and combustible components in the exhaust are burned through catalysis therein. The exhaust heat exchanger induces heat exchange between the exhaust having passed through the catalytic converter and a coolant having passed through the engine. The air conditioner generates a heating wind by means of the heat exchange between the coolant having passed through the exhaust heat exchanger and an air conditioning wind. The engine controller controls incrementally the combustible components in the exhaust to be burned in the catalytic converter when the prescribed condition for heating is not satisfied.

Abstract: To provide a novel exhaust gas purifying apparatus that may continue purifying exhaust gas without replenishing liquid catalyst to a liquid reservoir chamber for making, for example, an engine run for a long period of time and is superior in practical use, an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for purifying exhaust gas by bringing the exhaust gas into contact with solid catalyst, comprising an apparatus body having a liquid reservoir chamber where liquid catalyst is reserved, a solid catalyst chamber where the solid catalyst is arranged and a cooling mechanism for cooling the liquid catalyst, wherein the cooling mechanism controls a temperature of the liquid catalyst so that up-and-down shift of a liquid level of the liquid catalyst in the liquid reservoir chamber is prevented as much as possible.

Abstract: The invention concerns a cooling device comprising, inside a substantially cylindrical outer casing (2) having a side wall traversed by orifices (3) a first flow path consisting of a tube (16) extending in an axial direction of the cylindrical casing and a second flow path (17) consisting of a plurality of tubes (17a, 17b, 17c) fixed by maintaining means (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) in substantially parallel arrangements in an axial direction of the cylindrical casing (2), a duct (4) for the intake of exhaust gases, a duct (6) for evacuating exhaust gases and means for dispensing (15a, 15b, 15c, 15d) exhaust gases arranged inside the cylindrical casing (2) to cause the exhaust gases to pass through the first and through the second flow paths. Switching means consisting of a valve controlled (11) for opening and closing one or the other at least of the flow paths (16, 17) enable to cause the gases to pass inside the first flow path (16) with little heat loss or inside the second flow path (1) with high heat loss.

Abstract: EGR mass fraction or a value indicative thereof can be calculated based on temperature measurements rather than mass flow and/or pressure measurements, hence negating the need for expensive and relatively unreliable measurement devices in an active EGR system for an internal combustion engine. The EGR system may be a low pressure EGR system configured to direct cooled, filtered EGR to the engine's air intake system using an effective, simple venturi and/or a continuously regenerated catalytic particulate trap. The resultant system can reduce NOx emissions in a diesel engine on the order of 50% and approximately 90% for CO, HC, and PM. NOx and other emissions can be reduced still further when the EGR system is combined with other pretreatment and/or after treatment devices. Many components of the low pressure EGR system are also usable in a passive EGR system.

Abstract: An exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine, including a catalyst, and a cooling section provided upstream of the catalyst. The cooling section includes an additional cooling arrangement provided so that in all operating phases of the internal combustion engine with their different exhaust gas mass flow rates, the amount of thermal energy dissipated from the exhaust gas relative to a total amount of thermal energy present in the exhaust gas (relative heat dissipation) is increased in such a way that a maximum temperature reduction is obtained at intermediate values of the exhaust gas mass flow rate.

Abstract: A heat shield for an internal combustion engine exhaust system for supporting a first heat shield plate and a second heat shield plate on a U-shaped exhaust pipe extending from an exhaust port of an engine, via a support member such as band members, and heat shield plate attachment fixtures. The first heat shield plate covers all around a curved section of the U-shaped exhaust pipe in the vicinity of the exhaust port. The second heat shield plate covers an upper part of a straight section of the U-shaped exhaust pipe and extends rearwardly from the curved section. Further, since the exhaust pipe is formed as one piece, the first heat shield plate may be formed as a simple two-part structure using the band members. With this configuration, an effective heat shielding effect can be exhibited, and cost can be reduced.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying system for an internal combustion engine mounted on an automotive vehicle. The exhaust gas purifying system includes an exhaust gas component concentration regulating device disposed in an exhaust gas passageway of the engine, for regulating concentrations of gas components in exhaust gas discharged from the engine such that the concentrations of carbon monoxide and hydrogen are respectively not more than 2.0% by volume and not less than 0.5% by volume and such that a volume concentration ratio of [hydrogen/carbon monoxide] is not smaller than 0.5, in rich and stoichiometric conditions of exhaust gas. Additionally, a NOx adsorbing and reducing catalyst is disposed in the exhaust gas passageway downstream of the exhaust gas component concentration regulating device, for adsorbing nitrogen oxides in a lean condition of the exhaust gas and reducing the nitrogen oxides into nitrogen in the rich and stoichiometric conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an exhaust gas control device for internal combustion engines. The exhaust gas control device has a main exhaust pipe (3) communicating with an exhaust manifold (2) used for guiding exhaust gas discharged from a combustion chamber (1) of an engine, a catalytic converter (6) arranged on a predetermined position of the main exhaust pipe (3) for purifying unburnt fuel discharged with the exhaust has and having a plurality of sequentially arranged catalyst units (6a, 6b, 6c), and an unburnt fuel collection tank (8) provided with a plurality of cooling fins (9) and connected to the catalytic converter (6) through a branch pipe (7). The collection tank (8) collects purified unburnt fuel after the unburnt fuel is treated by the catalytic converter (6) so as to remove noxious materials therefrom.

Abstract: There is provided a control system for an internal combustion engine, which aim for early warm-up of catalyst and the engine in order to control a cooling loss and a heat radiation for cooling in such a way that the warm-up of the catalyst is carried out prior to the warm-up of the engine. That is, if the temperature of the catalyst is not greater than an activation temperature, there is carried out at least one of (1) retardation control of the ignition timing, (2) stopping control of a water pump for engine cooling water, (3) lowering control of the flow rate of the cooling water, but if the temperature of the catalyst is higher than the activation temperature, there is carried out at least one of control of the water pump in accordance with a temperature of the cooling water and control of retardation of the ignition timing, until the temperature of the cooling water reaches a warm-up temperature which is a normal operation temperature of the engine.

Abstract: An exhaust system used for a motor vehicle and extending between an exhaust-generating internal combustion engine and an exhaust pipe for release of exhaust into the surrounding environment, includes a three-way catalytic converter disposed in proximity of the combustion engine, a NOx-adsorber disposed upstream of the exhaust pipe, and an exhaust line, which extends between the catalytic converter and the NOx-adsorber, for conducting exhaust. The exhaust line includes an inner tube, an outer tube in spaced-apart surrounding relationship to the inner tube to define a space, and a separation tube received in the space, to thereby define between the inner tube and the separation tube an inner annular gap for conducting exhaust, and between the outer tube and the separation tube an outer annular gap for conducting a coolant. A shut-off device is integrated in the inner tube for regulating the flow of exhaust through the inner tube.

Abstract: A method of controlling emissions from a fixed-speed internal combustion engine includes injecting a controlled flow of air into the exhaust between a first catalyst bed adapted to reduce HC and NOx emissions, and a second catalyst bed adapted to reduce CO emissions. The flow of air is controlled to optimize the level of CO emissions, preferably as a function of engine load or temperature. In a marine engine-generator set, the flow of air is controlled as a function of generator load or temperature of the exhaust mixture entering the second catalyst bed, and seawater is injected into the exhaust stream downstream of the catalysts.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for cooling hot fluids, especially exhaust gases, with a multi-pass cooler core. The cooler core is particularly useful for cooling exhaust gases flowing in an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system or regime in operative association with an internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine. Cooled gases are recirculated to the engine input to help reduce noxious exhaust emissions. The invention utilizes unequal areas-in-flow between the first exhaust pass through the core and the second and subsequent passes through the core. The first pass through the core features an area-in-flow comparatively larger than the area-in-flow of the second pass. The difference in areas-in-flow between passes influences gas velocities to reduce fouling, despite changes in exhaust gas temperature between passes through the core.

Abstract: EGR mass fraction or a value indicative thereof can be calculated based on temperature measurements rather than mass flow and/or pressure measurements, hence negating the need for expensive and relatively unreliable measurement devices in an active EGR system for an internal combustion engine. The EGR system may be a low pressure EGR system configured to direct cooled, filtered EGR to the engine's air intake system using an effective, simple venturi and/or a continuously regenerated catalytic particulate trap. The resultant system can reduce NOx emissions in a diesel engine on the order of 50% and approximately 90% for CO, HC, and PM. NOx and other emissions can be reduced still further when the EGR system is combined with other pretreatment and/or after treatment devices. Many components of the low pressure EGR system are also usable in a passive EGR system.

Abstract: A catalytic combustion reactor, which comprises a heat exchanger unit and a catalytic structure unit, which are formed so as to have an integral outer shell; the heat exchanger unit housing a tube bundle, which includes a heat exchanger tube and tube plates provided at both ends of the heat exchanger tube; the catalytic structure unit housing a catalytic structure including openings, which, respectively, work as an inflow surface for a fluid to be subjected to combustion reaction and an outflow surface for the fluid after combustion reaction; the tube bundle and the catalytic structure being coupled such that one of the tube plates communicates with one of the openings of the catalytic structure at a connection portion in the reactor; and the outer shell being formed in such a shape to surround the tube bundle and the catalytic structure so as to ensure a communication passage between the heat exchanger unit and the other opening of the catalytic structure, is used to carry out combustion reaction.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system of an internal combustion engine has an EGR cooler in an EGR passage connecting an exhaust manifold with an intake manifold. The EGR cooler cools EGR gas recirculated through the EGR passage. Cooling performance detecting means included in an electronic control unit (ECU) determines that cooling performance of the EGR cooler is degraded when intake pressure measured by an intake pressure sensor is lower than a normal intake pressure by at least a predetermined value. When the degradation of the cooling performance is detected, cooling performance regeneration controlling means included in the ECU increases the temperature inside the EGR cooler by heating the exhaust gas to eliminate soot or unburned hydrocarbon by oxidization. Thus, the cooling performance of the EGR cooler is regenerated.

Abstract: A device for supplying exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine to a catalytic converter, having multiple exhaust gas supply lines including at least one exhaust gas supply line that serves as a heat-conveying line to promote a transfer of exhaust gas heat to the catalytic converter and at least one other exhaust gas supply line that serve as a heat exchanger to promote an extraction of heat from the exhaust gas upstream of the catalytic converter. A switchable control mechanism controls a flow cross-section of at least one of the exhaust gas supply lines.