Abstract: A mounting unit (2) for fastening an injection member to an exhaust gas tract has a retaining region (12) for receiving the injection member, and an edge region (28). At least one opening (30) for receiving a fastening element is provided in the edge region (28). The mounting unit (2) is designed in such a manner that there is an air gap (13) between the fastening element and the retaining region (12) when the mounting unit (2) is fastened to the exhaust gas tract by the fastening element.

Abstract: A method for injection reductant into an exhaust gas and for evaporating and decomposing the reductant at an elevated temperature includes providing an exhaust pipe having an interior surface and disposing the pipe in fluid communication with and upstream of a catalyst. The method includes the steps of disposing an internal cone within the pipe generally parallel to the pipe, mounting an injector to the exterior of the pipe in fluid communication with the cone, injecting the reductant into the cone, and directing the exhaust gas in a passage between the interior surface of the pipe and the cone. The exhaust gas is directed within the cone. The flow of exhaust gas has an elevated temperature compared to an ambient. A further step includes creating a drag force on the injected reductant to increase travel time of the injected reductant from the injector to the catalyst.

Abstract: An exhaust gas cooling apparatus and method for cooling an exhaust gas is provided. The exhaust cooling apparatus having a first fluid conduit having a variable nozzle opening disposed at one end of the first fluid conduit, the variable nozzle opening being defined by a shape memory alloy extending from the first fluid conduit; and a second fluid conduit having an inlet end and an outlet end, the variable nozzle opening being disposed in the second fluid conduit proximate to the inlet end of the second fluid conduit such that a fluid inlet opening is disposed about an outer periphery of the variable nozzle opening and an inner surface of the inlet end of the second fluid conduit, the shape memory alloy varying the size of the variable nozzle opening by moving toward or away from a center line of the first fluid conduit in response to a temperature of an exhaust gas flowing through the first fluid conduit.

Abstract: A catalytic muffler that treats the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. The catalytic muffler includes a catalyst chamber, a catalyst disposed in the catalyst chamber, an upstream chamber disposed upstream of the catalyst, an exhaust inlet configured to receive exhaust gases, an exhaust outlet configured to discharge converted gases converted by the catalyst to the atmosphere, and further configured to receive secondary air, and a passageway communicating between the exhaust outlet and the upstream chamber, and configured to provide the secondary air received by the exhaust outlet to the upstream chamber.

Abstract: A variety of embodiments of exhaust systems for engines including small off-road engines, and related methods of operation, are disclosed. In at least some embodiments, the exhaust system includes a first conduit that receives exhaust emissions from a first engine cylinder, and a second conduit that communicates air to a first port on the first conduit. The air mixes with the exhaust emissions within the first conduit so as to produce a chemical reaction, and a level of at least one undesirable component of the exhaust emissions is reduced. Further, the exhaust system does not include any catalytic converter. In some embodiments, the exhaust system further comprises a crankcase ventilation system.

Abstract: An aspirator includes converging and diverging cones, and singular support tube structure concentrically surrounding and mounting both the converging cone and the diverging cone and maintaining predetermined axial spacing and alignment of the cones in a cost-effective manufacturing assembly.

Abstract: A system for treating a gas stream containing nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulates flowing in the system comprises means for injecting a source of ammonia (NH3) or urea (CO(NH2)2) into a flowing exhaust gas upstream of a precious metal-free particulate trap, a selective catalytic reduction catalyst disposed downstream of the particulate trap and a source of ammonia or urea.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for cooling an exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine of a truck or other vehicle includes a conduit connected to an air source, for example, a turbo driven compressor to deliver air to the exhaust stack or tail pipe. The conduit is controlled by a valve, which is opened and closed by a controller responsive to a measured exhaust gas temperature above a threshold and a vehicle speed below a threshold. The invention is particularly advantageous for engine exhausts having aftertreatment devices that require high temperature regeneration.

Abstract: A muffler for a combustion engine includes walls forming a chamber, a first inlet, a first outlet, and a conduit. The first inlet is designed to receive exhaust gases from an exhaust duct of the engine. The exhaust gases pass through the chamber when moving from the first inlet to the first outlet. The exhaust gases then exit the muffler through the first outlet. The conduit extends between a second inlet and a second outlet. The second inlet is configured to receive fresh air entering the muffler. The fresh air then exits the conduit and is introduced into the exhaust gases through the second outlet.

Abstract: A control system of an internal combustion engine in which a first fuel of ammonia and a second fuel which is easier to burn than ammonia are used as fuels. An ammonia ratio is usually set to a reference ammonia ratio which is determined in advance in accordance with an operating state of an engine. At the time when feed of the fuel is restarted after suspension of feed of the fuel at the time of deceleration, the ammonia ratio is temporarily made lower than the reference ammonia ratio in accordance with the operating state of the engine.

Abstract: Diesel exhaust fluid systems are provided. The diesel exhaust fluid systems include a fluid reservoir having an inner surface and an opening therethrough, a fluid reservoir heating device positioned within the fluid reservoir, and a fluid reservoir spacer positioned within the fluid reservoir and between the inner surface of the fluid reservoir and the fluid reservoir heating device.

Abstract: An apparatus for diluting and diffusing engine exhaust, includes a diffuser pipe horizontally oriented and having an inlet connection to receive exhaust gases from an engine and having an outlet defined as an elongated opening on an upper surface thereof, the inlet being disposed at about a longitudinal midpoint of the diffuser pipe, a deflector mounted in the diffuser pipe opposite the inlet to divide an entering exhaust gas flow toward opposite ends of the diffuser pipe, a baffle formed as an elongated plate having a multiplicity of holes mounted in the pipe between the inlet connection and the outlet and extending a length of the diffuser pipe, and, a dispersing grate formed as an elongated plate having a multiplicity of holes and being mounted above the outlet and spaced therefrom, the dispersing grate having a curvature about a longitudinal axis, and being mounted with a convex surface facing the outlet.

Abstract: A cooling system for cooling exhaust gases includes a section of pipe adapted to receive exhaust gases having a first temperature. The cooling system further includes an air amplifier with a passage extending therethrough. The air amplifier receives a flow of compressed air and directs the flow of the compressed air through the passageway. The compressed air entrains ambient air into one end of the passageway so that discharge air, which includes compressed air and ambient air, is discharged from the other end of the passageway. A conduit is connected to the air amplifier and extends through a wall of the section of pipe. Discharge air from the air amplifier passes through the conduit into the interior portion of the pipe and mixes with the exhaust gases. The mixture of discharge air and exhaust gases has a second temperature that is less than the first temperature.

Abstract: A mixer for an exhaust aftertreatment system, such as a diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment system, is disclosed. The mixer includes a body portion that is configured to be disposed in an exhaust conduit upstream of an exhaust aftertreatment device and an airfoil portion that is disposed on the body portion and reversibly movable between a deployed position and a retracted position, wherein in the deployed position the airfoil portion provides a deployed resistance to an exhaust gas flow and in the retracted position provides a retracted resistance, and the deployed resistance is greater than the retracted resistance. The mixer preferably comprises a two-way shape memory alloy, particularly a high temperature, oxidation resistant shape memory alloy. An exhaust aftertreatment system employing the mixer is also disclosed, as well as a method of using the same.

Abstract: An engine exhaust dispersing device includes a tubular member having a first portion formed as a generally cylindrical wall and adapted to be mounted in fluid communication with an exhaust outlet and a second portion formed as a longitudinally-sectioned cylindrical wall defining a longitudinally extending opening, and, a wedge surface formed on said second portion and protruding into the longitudinally extending opening, the wedge surface having an apex adjacent or in the first portion and a base at an end of the second portion, the base having a width substantially equal to a width of the second portion.

Abstract: A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) injection system for mixing reductant with exhaust gasses. The system includes a plate disposed between walls of an entrance portion and an egress section of the exhaust pipe. The plate intercepts exhaust gasses entering the entrance section of the exhaust pipe and directs such exhaust gasses through apertures in a wall of a reductant-introducing conduit. The conduit has an outlet disposed in the egress section of the exhaust pipe. The wherein dimensions of the apertures in the wall and dimensions in the outlet of the conduit being selected to increase the velocity of the exhaust leaving the outlet of the conduit into the egress section of the exhaust pipe relative to the velocity of the exhaust gases in the entrance section.

Abstract: A secondary air control valve connected to an exhaust system includes a passage forming member and a valve mechanism. The passage forming member includes a container unit and a plurality of fins. The container unit that defines therein an exit cavity and an exit passage. The plurality of fins projects from the container unit into the exit cavity such that the plurality of fins collides with counter-flow exhaust gas that counter-flows in a direction from the exit passage to the exit cavity through the first opening. The plurality of fins divides the exit cavity into a plurality of cavities, in which counter-flow exhaust gas forms a plurality of vortex flows.

Abstract: A mixing device and method for a diesel exhaust system is disclosed having a chamber, a mixer within the chamber, and an injection tube supported on the mixer within the chamber. The mixer is positioned within the chamber adjacent an inlet and includes a plurality of angled blades to effect turbulent flow in a diesel exhaust stream entering the chamber through the inlet. The injection tube includes a plurality of injection points (e.g., openings) for discharging a reagent, such as gaseous ammonia (NH3), into the exhaust stream. The injection tube is curved, and more specifically it is coiled with the injection points spread along the length of the tube in order to deliver reagent across a section of the chamber perpendicular to the exhaust stream flow.

Abstract: A flow diffuser for vehicles of the type having an engine and an exhaust pipe generally includes a body including a plurality of inner diffusion ports extending through the body, wherein the body may be attached to an exhaust pipe at or near the exit plane of the exhaust pipe, wherein the body is sized to have a cross-sectional area that is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the exit plane of the exhaust pipe to create a plurality of outer diffusion ports around at least a portion of the outer perimeter of the body when coupled to the exhaust pipe, and one or more extension flaps extending from at least a portion of the outer perimeter of the body.

Abstract: An exhaust diffuser for a truck includes a chamber mountable on a truck exhaust stack pipe. The chamber has a cross sectional area much greater than the cross sectional area of the exhaust pipe, and has a dispersing element disposed in the line of exhaust flow to divert exhaust gases laterally into the chamber volume. One or both of the top and front side walls are formed as a mesh or screen to allow the dispersed exhaust gases to flow outward away from the truck cab in a diffused area.

Abstract: In one exemplary embodiment, an exhaust dilution and dispersion device for a vehicle can include a generally elongate tailpipe including an inlet section capable of being in exhaust receiving communication with an exhaust system of a vehicle. The tailpipe further includes an outlet section in exhaust receiving communication with the inlet section. The outlet section can also include a downwardly directed exhaust deflection portion and an exhaust outlet in exhaust dispersing communication with the surroundings external to the device. The exhaust outlet can include a generally elongate exhaust dispersion opening extending in a lengthwise direction along the tailpipe. At least a portion of the exhaust outlet can be coextensive with the downwardly directed exhaust deflecting portion and a major portion of the exhaust dispersed from the outlet can have a transverse component.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust after treatment assembly. There is a need for such assembly which remains as cool as possible. An exhaust after treatment assembly includes a hollow housing containing an exhaust after treatment unit. The housing forms a nozzle which directs exhaust gases away from the after treatment unit. A shield surrounds and is spaced apart from the housing. A venturi unit receives exhaust gases from the nozzle and receives outside air. The venturi unit pulls outside air over an exterior of the shield and mixes the outside air with exhaust gases flowing though the after treatment unit. The venturi unit is mounted inside a hood which surrounds part of the housing. Outside air is drawn through an annular gap which is formed between an end of the hood and an end of the shield.

Abstract: Temperature control devices have become common to cool the exhaust stream from a diesel particulate filter before release into the environment. To further cool the filtered exhaust stream and to protect the temperature control device, a duct can be used to surround the inlets of the temperature control device. The duct has a head section surrounding the inlets at one end and a base section extending from the head section with a vent at the other end. Ambient air is drawn through the vent into the duct and into the inlets of the temperature control device to further cool the filtered exhaust stream.

Abstract: A secondary air supply device for an internal combustion engine includes: an electric air pump that supplies secondary air into an exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine; a controller that controls actuation of the electric air pump according to an operating state of the internal combustion engine; and an air flow mechanism that rotates the electric air pump by causing air in the electric air pump to flow. The controller uses the air flow mechanism to rotate the electric air pump before energizing the electric air pump.

Abstract: An exhaust system that can improve emissions treatment by reducing certain emissions species. The exhaust system draws air into the exhaust system from an air source, when exhaust pressure decreases to a threshold so that air can enter the exhaust system. The exhaust system is in a genset engine. The air source is a pressurized air source, such as an existing fan of the genset engine. A portion of the air generated by the air source is pulled off so that it flows directly toward the exhaust system, using a one-way valve and conduit that fluidly connects the air source to the exhaust system.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment system is provided. The system may include a particulate trap configured to remove one or more types of particulate matter from an exhaust flow, the exhaust flow including at least a portion of a totality of exhaust gases produced by an engine. The system may further include a burner assembly configured to increase a temperature of gases in the exhaust flow at a location upstream from the particulate trap. The burner assembly may include an exhaust inlet oriented in a direction along a first axis and configured to direct the exhaust flow into the burner assembly and an exhaust outlet oriented in a direction along a second axis at an angle relative to the first axis, the exhaust outlet being configured to direct the exhaust flow out of the burner assembly toward the particulate trap.

Abstract: An engine waste gas treatment method and apparatus is disclosed to install an ozone generator in a motor vehicle and electrically connect the ozone generator to the power circuit of the motor vehicle and to connect a shunt pipe between the zone generator and the exhaust pipe of the motor vehicle so that when the motor vehicle is started, the ozone generator starts to generate ozone that is guided by the shunt pipe into the exhaust pipe of the motor vehicle to mix with exhausted engine waste gas, decomposing volatile organic compounds.

Abstract: A device and method for catalytic reduction of NOx in gaseous products of combustion by directing the products of combustion through a particulate filter (32) and then into a mixing zone (28) through separate flow passages (34, 36) at respective velocities greater than that at which products of combustion leave the filter, by causing an injector (38) to introduce urea solution through a nozzle (40) aimed toward the mixing zone along a slant direction (42) to, and across, flow entering the mixing zone through a first (34) of the separate flow passages and ultimately toward a far wall (44) of the mixing zone relative to the nozzle while directing exhaust flow entering the mixing zone through a second (36) of the separate flow passages to enter the mixing zone between the first flow passage and far wall, and by directing flow leaving the mixing zone through an SCR catalyst (48).

Abstract: A combined exhaust gas aftertreatment/dust ejector unit (10) is provided for use with a combustion process (14) and an air cleaner (16) of the combustion process (14). The unit (10) includes an elongate housing (30) containing an exhaust gas aftertreatment device (40) and having a radial exhaust gas outlet (34) to direct an exhaust gas flow (12) radially from the housing (30), and a dust ejector (60) including an ejector outlet (62) positioned in the exhaust gas outlet (34). The exhaust gas outlet (34) and the ejector outlet (62) have elliptical shaped cross sections (68,70), with the ejector outlet cross section (70) spaced inwardly from the exhaust gas outlet (34) to define a reduced flow area (72) for the exhaust gas flow (12) to accelerate the exhaust gas flow (12) past the ejector outlet (62).

Abstract: A component for a vehicular exhaust pipe includes an upstream venturi forming portion for creating at least a partial vacuum interior to the component. A downstream diverter housing portion of the component has an inlet coupled to an outlet of the venturi portion. The diverter housing portion includes the diverter element positioned adjacent an output of the diverter housing portion for forcing axially central exhaust flow radially outward toward a wall of the diverter housing. The partial vacuum in the component device causes colder environmental ambient air to enter an inlet of the component. The diverter also creates a mixture of hot exhaust flow with the colder environmental air, resulting in a lower temperature of the exhaust gas exiting the component and substantial elimination of centrally disposed exhaust hot spots.

Abstract: This embodiment of this exhaust apparatus relates to an air intake device and a rotating blade assembly (50 and 51) which significantly reduce greenhouse gases, hydrocarbon and oxides of nitrogen emissions and other gases and pollutants not yet required to be tested, exhaust noise and temperature of the exhaust gases. By its chilling effect it also improves the efficiency of an internal combustion engine. An electric motor drive shaft (69) is coupled to the drive shaft (67) at the rear of the unit. The drive shaft (66) is attached to the centrifuge and rotating blade assembly (51) creating a vacuum which draws chilled exhaust gases into the unit. The vacuum helps to cool the engine and chill the gases. The gases are mixed and the resultant gaseous mixture exits from the blades into a mixture of exhaust gases (43) and chilled air (35), making a chilled air and exhaust gas mixture (58) exiting through a discharge port in the rear of the unit (65).

Abstract: The present invention provides an engine including a secondary air supply apparatus for supplying a secondary air to an exhaust gas passage in a cylinder head. The engine comprises a secondary air passage of the secondary air supply apparatus which extends from an outer peripheral surface of the cylinder head through an under-portion of the exhaust gas passage into the exhaust gas passage. The secondary air passage has a groove geometry of passage portion on a matching surface between the cylinder head and a cylinder body.

Abstract: An exhaust Venturi apparatus, system, and method includes an elongate housing for passage of exhaust gases, a Venturi mechanism disposed on the housing, the Venturi mechanism configured to create a low-pressure zone in the exhaust gases within the housing, and an aperture disposed in a side of the housing downstream of the Venturi mechanism, such that secondary air outside the housing is drawn into the exhaust stream. The aperture may comprise one or a plurality of apertures, small in cross-section compared to the housing cross-section, for minimizing sound emanating from the exhaust system. The Venturi mechanism may comprise a Venturi plate mounted between the housing and the engine.

Abstract: A rotary internal combustion engine having multiple intermeshing rotors. Six radial lobes and six radial voids on the uniform rotors intermesh to form sealed volumes that are then compressed as the rotors rotate. The sealed volume is compressed into bevel chambers formed between the intermeshing rotors, and fuel injectors are positioned to inject fuel when the volume is under maximum compression and to maximize combustion. The combustion products are then exhausted as the rotors continue to rotate. An external supercharger compresses air prior to its introduction into the engine to increase the compression ratio. The supercharger also communicates pressurized air into the radial voids after exhaustion to purge any remaining combustion products.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification apparatus includes an oxidation catalyst, a selective catalytic reduction catalyst, a first urea water supplying device, a second urea water supplying device and a controller. The oxidation catalyst oxidizes nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen dioxide. The selective catalytic reduction catalyst is disposed downstream of the oxidation catalyst. The first urea water supplying device is disposed upstream of the oxidation catalyst. The second urea water supplying device is disposed downstream of the oxidation catalyst and upstream of the selective catalytic reduction catalyst. The controller controls the supply of urea water to exhaust gas by the first urea water supplying device and the second urea water supplying device according to temperature of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: An environment-conservative fuel economizer includes a hollow tubular member and at least one ring member. The tubular member has an internal surface forming a reduced neck section. The ring member is mounted to an end of the tubular member. The ring member forms a plurality of cut-off slits, which defines a plurality of deformable leaves. The neck section of the tubular member forms a flow-accelerating passage, which increases speed of air flow passing therethrough to induce secondary combustion. The leaves are allowed to selectively expand/contract to effect complete combustion and reduce pollution. The fuel economizer is installed between an automobile air filter and engine air-intake tube to use the suction force induce by air intake of cylinder to draw in air so that the mixture density of air and atomized fuel is intensified to effect complete combustion of fuel and enhance instantaneously engine torque and reduce fuel consumption.

Abstract: A mixing and/or evaporating device (7) is provided through which exhaust gas can flow axially. The mixing and/or evaporating device (7) is arranged in an exhaust gas-carrying line of an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, especially of a motor vehicle, with a plurality of blades (8), which are arranged distributed in the circumferential direction and which project inwardly from an outer wall (9). Each blade (8) has a profile (10) at least in an area adjoining the outer wall (9) in the axial direction (14), in which profile a discharge edge (12) has an offset (16) in the circumferential direction (15) in relation to the leading edge (11). A reduction of the flow resistance of the device (7) can be achieved if the profile (10) has an angle of incidence (17) each in relation to the axial direction (14) at the leading edge (11) and at the discharge edge (12), which angle is in a range of ?10°, inclusive to +10°, inclusive.

Abstract: Provided is an exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine capable of preventing NOx purification performance from degrading according to the operating condition.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an engine including an exhaust passage with an expanding flow area and at least an opening for transferring air external to within the exhaust passage to cool the exhaust, for example due to particulate filter regeneration.

Abstract: An exhaust redirect line in communication with an engine exhaust channel of a marine vehicle receiving exhaust gas. A blower unit in the exhaust redirect line directing the exhaust gas through the exhaust redirect line. A mixing chamber in communication with the exhaust redirect line receiving the engine exhaust gas. An injector unit in communication with the mixing chamber introducing a chemical agent, air and water into the mixing chamber to provide a treated exhaust gas. An output vane disposed on an exterior underside of a hull being in communication with the mixing chamber discharging the treated exhaust gas underneath the hull as a foam, whereby the engine exhaust gas is encapsulated and detoxified by the chemical agent in the foam to prevent the exhaust gas from entering the surrounding water and wherein the foam reduces friction between the hull and the surrounding water to improve engine efficiency.

Abstract: In an engine-driven power generation apparatus, where an engine and a power generator driven by the engine are accommodated in a hermetically sealed housing and where an external air take-in pipe takes air into the housing, an air discharge pipe discharges the taken-in air to outside of the housing and an engine exhaust pipe discharges exhaust gas to outside of the housing, an ejector chamber is provided outside of the housing for causing the air, flowing in the air discharge pipe, to be compulsorily sucked to outside of the housing through a sucking action of the exhaust gas flowing in the engine exhaust pipe.

Abstract: A system and method for the reduction of NOx emissions from combustion sources are provided. The system includes a fuel tank, fuel converter unit, condensor unit, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) unit and an engine. The condenser unit includes a generally cylindrical inner wall defining a cavity having a first lower end and a second upper end, the first lower end is configured to include a gas inlet for receiving a gas mixture from the fuel converter and the second upper end is configured to include a gas outlet in fluid communication with the SCR unit. A heat exchanger is disposed within the cavity of the condensor unit to contact the gas mixture and separate heavy hydrocarbons from light hydrocarbons, wherein the light hydrocarbons are fed to the SCR unit and the heavy hydrocarbons are condensed and either send back to the fuel tank or directly to the engine for combustion.

Abstract: Systems and methods for abating NOx in an exhaust stream are provided. System using a lean NOx trap, an air injector and optional catalysts and filters are described. The emissions treatment system is advantageously used for the treatment of exhaust streams from diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines.

Abstract: An exhaust cleaning method and exhaust cleaning apparatus for an internal combustion engine (1) in which a fuel is fed and burned under periodical rich/lean combustion conditions. In a fuel reformer (18) disposed independently of an exhaust channel (11) in the engine (1), the fuel for the internal combustion engine (1) is reformed to produce a reformed gas containing carbon monoxide. The reformed gas is supplied to the exhaust to be introduced into an exhaust converter (17) having, disposed therein, a catalyst which adsorbs and reduces nitrogen oxides. The nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas are adsorbed and reduced. Thus, the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust are removed at a high efficiency.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine capable of efficiently supplying air to an exhaust path even in a high load state. The internal combustion engine includes a convergent section, a divergent section, and a branch section. The branch section branches a shock wave, propagating in a downstream direction at a higher velocity than exhaust gas flowing into an exhaust path from a combustion chamber when an exhaust valve is opened, from a portion of the exhaust path which is upstream with respect to the divergent section, and propagates the shock wave back to the exhaust path. The exhaust gas is caused to pass the convergent section and to collide against the shock wave between the branch section and the divergent section so as to increase the pressure of the exhaust gas in the convergent section. Such exhaust gas is caused to pass the divergent section to generate a new shock wave.

Abstract: A secondary air system for the supply of secondary air into at least one exhaust gas outlet passage of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, wherein at least one secondary air passage provided in the cylinder head is associated with the exhaust gas outlet passage and opens into the exhaust gas outlet passage and into an outer connection surface of the cylinder head. A base plate is provided which can be placed onto the connection surface of the cylinder head and which is provided with secondary air stubs which each engage into a secondary air passage when the base plate is in place. The base plate is provided on its outer side remote from the connection side with at least one hood via which the supplied secondary air is distributed to a plurality of secondary air stubs.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an engine, comprising of a first exhaust passage providing a first flow area, a second exhaust passage communicatively coupled to the first exhaust passage, the second exhaust passage providing a second flow area greater than the first flow area, wherein the second exhaust passage is arranged downstream of the first exhaust passage, wherein a first wall surface of the first exhaust passage defines at least a first opening for transferring air external the first exhaust passage to within the first exhaust passage and a second wall surface of the second exhaust passage defines at least a second opening for transferring air external the second exhaust passage to within the second exhaust passage, a first protrusion disposed within the first exhaust passage upstream of the first opening, and a second protrusion disposed within the second exhaust passage upstream of the second opening.

Abstract: A method of operating an emission abatement system includes advancing a liquid agent to an atomizing nozzle and advancing pressurized air to the atomizing nozzle. The method further includes impinging the pressurized air on the liquid agent at a tip of the atomizing nozzle to shear liquid agent particles from the liquid agent. The method further includes advancing the liquid agent particles through the atomizing nozzle to an emission abatement device. An emission abatement system and atomizer apparatus are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A secondary air supply system in which individual members may be arranged to be disposed on substantially the same straight line in an engine, whereby connection path lengths are reduced and the attachment thereof is facilitated. The secondary air supply system may be provided between an air cleaner and attached to an engine and an exhaust port of the engine. The secondary air supply system has a secondary air control valve, a lead valve and secondary air supply paths which connect the air cleaner, the secondary air control valve and the lead valve together and supply air to the exhaust port from the air cleaner. The air cleaner, the secondary air control valve and the lead valve may be arranged to be disposed on substantially the same straight line when viewed from the side.

Abstract: The present invention provides an exhaust cooler mounted to a tailpipe for receiving exhaust gas. The exhaust cooler includes a jet pump connectable to the tailpipe and a nozzle connectable to the tailpipe. The nozzle defines a nozzle opening between the tailpipe and the jet pump for communicating the exhaust gas from the tailpipe to the jet pump. A first member is included that is moveable between a closed position and an open position, the open position defining a first opening between the tailpipe and the jet pump for communicating the exhaust gas from the tailpipe to the jet pump.