Abstract: An exhaust system for a power plant which includes an engine and a transmission connected with the engine, the exhaust system includes a plurality of independent exhaust pipes connected with the engine, the plurality of independent exhaust pipes being combined into a single combined portion, a common exhaust pipe connected with the combined portion at an upstream end portion thereof. The common exhaust pipe is supported on the transmission at an intermediate supporting portion thereof. One of the plurality of independent exhaust pipes and an upstream part of the common exhaust pipe are, when viewed from above, substantially parallel with a rolling axis of the power plant.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine of the present invention comprises at least first and second cylinder banks each including a plurality of cylinders or a single cylinder, a first valve operating mechanism provided for each of the cylinders of the first cylinder bank for operating an intake valve or an exhaust valve of the cylinder to open and close, and a second valve operating mechanism having a valve operating characteristic different from that of the first valve operating mechanism and provided for each of the cylinders of the second cylinder bank for operating an intake valve or an exhaust valve of the cylinder to open and close.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold for conducting the heated exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine. The exhaust manifold has a thin noncast metal inner layer, a thicker sheet metal outer layer, and a layer of insulating material, preferably ceramic beads, between the inner and outer layers. The method of making the exhaust manifold is also disclosed. The exhaust manifold is damped, insulated, and permits quicker light off of the catalytic converter.

Abstract: A device for detecting the deterioration of a catalytic converter for an engine having two or more cylinder groups, and a catalytic converter disposed in a common exhaust passage with which exhaust passages individually connected to the respective cylinder groups are merged, wherein the air-fuel ratio of the respective cylinder groups are controlled independently based on the output of the upstream air-fuel ratio sensors disposed in the respective individual exhaust passages. Since the air-fuel ratios of the respective cylinder groups are controlled independently, the phases of the air-fuel ratio oscillations of exhaust gases flowing into the common exhaust passage from the individual exhaust passages are usually not synchronized. However, during the engine operation, the phases of the air-fuel ratio oscillations of the exhaust gases are occasionally spontaneously synchronized due to slight differences of the periods of the cycle of the air-fuel ratio feedback controls in the respective cylinder groups.

Abstract: A manifold converter comprises a housing constructed of two metal shells welded at their mating edges; a catalyzer carrier unit installed in the housing in a manner to define therein upstream and downstream portions with respect to the catalyzer carrier unit; and a sealing mat disposed between the catalyzer carrier unit and the housing to achieve a hermetical sealing therebetween. A binding structure is further employed for binding a given portion of the housing where the sealing mat is located. With this binding structure, undesired permanent expansion of the housing caused by the inevitable thermal expansion is suppressed or at least minimized.

Abstract: Support apparatus for the exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine in which three suspension rods pivotably support the pipe at one longitudinal station and two others engage the pipe at a second longitudinal station. An external radial force is applied to the pipe preferably at a suspension rod at the second station. Specific and constant bearing forces determined by the size of the external force occur essentially independently of the temperature of the exhaust pipe and these forces hold the exhaust pipe in a secure state, free of play, without introducing damaging stresses. In addition, the position of the exhaust pipe at a specific temperature can be obtained by suitable selection of the arrangement and length of the suspension rods.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold (10) for directing heated exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine (12), the manifold comprising a manifold body (32) having an outer wall (34), and an inner wall (42) defining an exhaust passageway (43) for directing the heated exhaust gas. The inner wall (34) has embedded therein a plurality of ceramic members (58) having a lower thermal conductivity than that of the manifold body (32) such that heat transfer through the ceramic members (58) to the outer wall (34) is reduced. The invention also includes a method of manufacturing same.

Abstract: A manifold of an engine has a liner, a housing and an insulating element covering and extending about the liner between the liner and the housing. The external surface of the housing is free of insulating elements. The insulating element is quilted and has ceramic fiber encased within fiberglass.

Abstract: A layout structure of catalytic converters, used for an engine transversely arranged in an engine room formed in a front portion of a vehicle, includes a front catalytic converter connected to an exhaust manifold arranged in a forward direction of the vehicle with respect to the engine, and a rear catalytic converter connected to an exhaust manifold arranged in a backward direction of said vehicle, wherein the rear catalytic converter is arranged to be offset from a central position of the engine arranged along a widthwise direction of the vehicle by a predetermined distance. With this structure, the rear catalytic converter can be cooled in the same manner as the front catalytic converter. In addition, the rear catalytic converter is formed into a cylindrical member having an elliptic/oval cross-sectional shape with a major axis coinciding with a longitudinal direction of the vehicle, thus increasing the area of a heat-dissipating surface of the rear catalytic converter.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold catalytic reactor and muffler for an automotive internal combustion engine includes at least one exhaust branch for conducting exhaust gases from the cylinder head exhaust ports of an engine to a hollow, generally cylindrical primary catalyst substrate for treating the exhaust gases flowing from the engine. The substrate has inner and outer surfaces which are generally cylindrical and which define an inner cavity. A housing connected to the exhaust branch places the exhaust gases in contact with the substrate and includes a generally cylindrical container having an outer wall and a transition section conducting the exhaust gases from the branch to the outer surface of the substrate such that the initial flow of the gases from the branch to the outer surface of the substrate such that the initial flow of the gases from the substrate is generally tangential.

Abstract: An outboard motor comprising a propulsion unit including a propeller shaft, and an internal combustion engine drivingly connected to the propeller shaft and including a V-shaped cylinder block having first and second cylinder banks including respective first and second cylinders having respective first and second exhaust ports, and the cylinder block defining an exhaust chamber communicating with the exhaust ports, a cowling surrounding the engine and including an upper portion and a lower portion, a muffler located between the cylinder banks and including an inner cover portion which has therein an exhaust inlet communicating with the exhaust chamber and which engages the cylinder block, an outer cover portion, and a main cover portion which is located between the inner and outer cover portions and which defines an exhaust outlet and an expansion chamber communicating between the exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet, and an exhaust conduit extending through the lower cowling portion and communicating between

Abstract: A baffle is added to the inlet pipe and inlet volume of a catalytic converter to maintain separation between converging exhaust gas streams entering into the catalytic converter material. Combination of the exhaust gas streams entering the catalytic converter is thereby substantially avoided, allowing a single catalytic converter to handle the exhaust gas components of a plurality of exhaust gas streams from an engine without overloading the catalytic converter. Overloading of the catalytic converter due to the combination of exhaust gas components, and the related surging of unreacted gases to the atmosphere from overloading, is thereby substantially prevented, providing improved emissions control at a low cost, and without requiring addition of a second catalytic converter.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a motorcycle that includes an exhaust sensor that extends into the exhaust system at a low point in the motorcycle. A plurality of baffles are positioned around the exhaust sensor so as to protect its extending portion from damage from foreign objects.

Abstract: A compact, high performance exhaust assembly (50) for an internal combustion engine (20) or the like having a balanced chamber (52). Two substantially parallel inlet exhaust pipes (38, 40) are mounted to a first wall (74) of the chamber (52) and are axially aligned with, but independent of, two output exhaust pipes (54, 56) similarly mounted to a opposing second wall (76) of the chamber (52). Exhaust gas is discharged through the inlet pipes (38, 40), preferably in an out-of-phase relationship or alternating from one inlet pipe to the other. The exhaust gas passes a short distance through the chamber (52) and out of aligned outlet pipes (54, 56). The majority of the exhaust gas flows directly through the chamber (52) without significant expansion. The exhaust assembly (50) increases the power output of the engine.

Abstract: An air gap manifold joint construction of an engine exhaust port flange having a plurality of exhaust port orifices, each with an inner orifice wall, a dual wall manifold having a plurality of runners each including an inner tubular liner and an outer tubular jacket, the inner tubular liner being generally spaced from the outer tubular jacket substantially over the length of the inner tubular liner to form an air gap, the inner tubular liner having an inlet end and the outer tubular jacket having an end adjacent to the inner tubular liner inlet end, said inner tubular liner inlet end having a periphery with an outer diameter substantially the same size as the inner diameter of the outer tubular jacket end and in peripheral engagement therewith, an adapter sleeve having first and second ends, the first end having an outer diameter substantially the same size as the diameter of the inner orifice wall of the exhaust port flange port orifice, and the second end having an outer diameter substantially the same size

Abstract: A damped heat shield for a vehicle exhaust manifold includes inner and outer thin steel layers. An intermediate aluminum layer is located between the two steel layers. A high temperature corrosion-resistant coating is applied to the exterior surfaces and the edges of the shield. Such coating along the edges prevents the entry of corrosion producing substances into the interior of the shield. The outer steel layer has a thickness greater than the inner steel layer, so that the two layers do not resonate at the same frequency, and therefore, tend to damp vibrational energy more efficiently and reduce radiated sound energy and noise.

Abstract: In a water-cooled exhaust pipe which is essentially assembled from cylindrical components, the sections of the interior pipe consist of cylindrically bent, rectangular sheet metal blanks which are elastically inserted into an intermediate wall. The construction minimizes the manufacturing costs of the exhaust pipe.

Abstract: A low thermal capacitance exhaust pipe has a plurality of sections connected by an expansion joint to relieve thermal stress.

Abstract: An exhaust system is provided with a stamp formed connector for joining a pair of upstream exhaust pipes to at least one downstream exhaust pipe. The connector includes a pair of plates that are formed to define opposed channels. The plates are secured in face-to-face relationship such that the channels define exhaust passages extending between the plates. The passages are curved to achieve the most desireable routing of exhaust pipes. Additionally, the exhaust pipes may be bent in close proximity to the connector to achieve most efficient routing of pipes on the vehicle. The bending of the pipes and the curved configurations of the passages in the muffler are intended to substantially equalize travel lengths for exhaust gases between upstream ends of the exhaust system and the muffler.

Abstract: An exhaust gas duct for a row of a plurality of combustion engine cylinders has an exhaust pipe section extending alongside the cylinders and a cooling housing in which the exhaust pipe section is mounted. The cooling housing has a middle longitudinal section and two end sections, one of which is a cover and the other is a mounting connector duct end ring. The middle section has substantially circular end portions with cooling liquid flow ducts therein and a flange portion for mounting to a cylinder head. The middle section is made of extruded standardized stock of light metal which facilitates the manufacture and assembly of the duct. A compact structural volume is also achieved thereby. The extruded stock material assures a good dimensional accuracy, a high surface quality, and good sealing characteristics.

Abstract: An exhaust gas duct for a row of cylinders of an internal combustion engine is so constructed that corrosion, especially fretting corrosion, is minimized by mounting the exhaust gas pipe section in a cooling housing so that contact between the pipe section and the cooling housing is limited to the end portions of the exhaust gas pipe section, thereby leaving an uninterrupted gap between the pipe section and the housing all along the pipe section. The end mountings permit an axial movement, and, if desired, also a radial movement of the pipe section relative to the liquid cooled housing for compensating thermal expansions and contractions. The end mountings are easily accessible for inspection and additionally, permit an easy assembly and disassembly of the components.

Abstract: An exhaust header system for an internal combustion engine having improved exhaust gas flow characteristics. Primary pipes extend from openings in a flange bolted to the engines exhaust ports. The primary pipes come together at a collector pipe into which the primary pipes extend slightly. The ends of the primary pipes are substantially parallel, uniformly spaced around the collector pipe axis and have end surfaces lying substantially in a single plane. A generally pyramidal transition piece has a base corresponding to, and secured to, the primary pile end surfaces so as to cover the area between the pipe ends. The pyramid apex extends along the collector pipe centerline toward the exit end. The length and cross section of the transition piece is selected to provide a smooth transition from the greater combined internal cross section of the primary pipe ends to the lesser cross section of the collector pipe exit end.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold muffler having an exhaust manifold portion 10 and a muffler portion 20 integral with the exhaust manifold portion 10. The exhaust manifold portion 10 includes a plurality of manifold pipes 11 having parallel downstream ends which are spaced from each other and are arranged in a row. Each manifold pipe is connected to a respective cylinder of an internal combustion engine such that exhaust presssure pulsations from the manifold pipes operate as reflected waves opposite in phase, so as to damp the pressure pulsations. The muffler portion 20 has a first muffler chamber 22 and a swirl pipe 29 installed in the first muffler chamber 22. The manifold pipes 11 extend tangentially into the first manifold chamber to produce a swirl in the first muffler chamber 22. Part of the swirl enters an upper inlet end of the swirl pipe. The swirl pipe 29 has a lower outlet end which is located between the downstream ends of the manifold pipes 11.

Abstract: A motorcycle having an exhaust system with a sensor in the exhaust system for engine control. The sensor is located so that it will be protected by the exhaust device into which it protrudes and by other portions of the motorcycle. The exhaust system includes a plurality of exhaust pipes and the exhaust device and one of these exhaust pipes is readily removable from a unitary assembly comprised of the remaining exhaust pipes and exhaust device so that an adjacent component of the motorcycle can be easily serviced.

Abstract: The exhaust gases of both cylinder banks of a multi-cylinder reciprocating engine first flow through a catalyst situated along the respective cylinder bank and then, in a cross countercurrent, flow through a horizontally situated muffler arranged transversely to the cylinder banks.

Abstract: A casting for conducting high temperature gases, such as an internal combustion engine cylinder head having to pass combustion exhaust gases therethrough, and a method of manufacturing the same wherein the casting includes a main body portion and a high strength steel exhaust port liner with a heat insulating chamber therebetween filled with hollow ceramic particles. The liner is cast in place thereby affixing the liner to the casting by means of diffusion bonding during the casting of the cast article. The liner and a low heat conductivity insulation blanket of hollow ceramic particles surrounding the liner and an annular steel ring, which serves as a thermally expanding seal between the casting and liner which also allows axial displacement between the casting and liner, are all provided as a unitary mold core prior to the casting of the cast article.

Abstract: A damped heat shield for a vehicle exhaust manifold includes inner and outer thin steel layers. An intermediate aluminum layer is located between the two steel layers. A high temperature corrosion-resistant coating is applied to the exterior surfaces and the edges of the shield. Such coating along the edges prevents the entry of corrosion producing substances into the interior of the shield. The outer steel layer has a thickness greater than the inner steel layer, so that the two layers do not resonate at the same frequency, and therefore, tend to damp vibrational energy more efficiently and reduce radiated sound energy and noise.

Abstract: A marine exhaust system component includes a flexible silicone rubber conduit adapted for installation particularly between the engine and exhaust conduit. Heat resistant fibers are impregnated in the silicone rubber to add mechanical strength to the conduit Additional heat resistant compounds can be impregnated in the silicone rubber to improve the heat resistance of the conduit. The conduit is able to withstand operating temperatures of about 350.degree. F., and will survive intermittent temperatures of about 800.degree.-1200.degree. F. during engine malfunctions. The flexible silicone rubber conduit will substantially eliminate damage to the exhaust system caused by vibration and wrenching of the engine components during operation.

Abstract: A header assembly for an internal combustion engine including a pair of header pipes having discharge ends, a collector mounted on the discharge ends and having a housing directing exhaust gas pulses from both of the pipes to an outlet. The collector is formed to produce the flow of exhaust pulses in a manner fluid coupling out-of-phase exhaust gas pulses in each of the pipes to the others by an amount sufficient to increase horsepower of the engine at substantially all normal operating speeds. The header pipes proximate the inlet to the header collector are formed for discharge of gases along a common interface or boundary of substantial transverse length to effect fluid coupling. Additionally, the collector is free of channeling or protrusions to permit unconstrained transverse expansion of the pulses across the adjacent header pipe. A method of increasing engine horsepower by fluid coupling together header pipes also is described.

Abstract: A nonmetal heat shield that is removably attachable directly to a muffler shell for preventing inadvertent contact with the hot shell surfaces of the muffler. The heat shield includes a plurality of raised boss portions for attaching the heat shield to the muffler shell. A non-metal spacer is located between the bottom surface of the raised boss portion and the fastening portion of the muffler shell to thermally insulate the heat shield from the muffler sufficiently to inhibit thermal degradation of the heat shield.

Abstract: An automotive vehicle header system is described as incorporating a collector having pipes of inside diameter slightly greater than the outside diameter of the pipes exiting from the engine heads which are coupled to it. This permits a removable insertion of one set of pipes into the other, for ease of installation and later servicing of the engine and vehicle, and allows for a sliding of the collector towards, or away from, the engine as desired, to controllably adjust available torque and/or horsepower. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lengths for the collector pipes are individually selected so as to equalize the total lengths of all pipes from the engine cylinders to the output end of the collector.

Abstract: A dual type exhaust system is used in an automobile having an internal combustion engine with transversely mounted front and rear rows of cylinders. Two exhaust pipe assemblies extend from the front and rear rows of cylinders, respectively, toward the back of the car body. The two assemblies are arranged side by side in a space formed in a floor panel. The exhaust pipe assemblies are, respectively, provided with catalytic converters offset in a lengthwise direction of the car body with respect to the space relative to each other so as to be arranged in a straight line in the space.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust gas line for internal-combustion engines which is essentially free of tension at normal engine operating temperature. The exhaust gas line is enclosed by a water-cooled and gastight housing and is manufactured from a helically wound metal strip. Tensions that are the result of axial thermal expansion due to the temperature of the engine are avoided because the edges of the metal strip, in a cold state of the exhaust gas line, are aligned with respect to each other to produce a helical gap therebetween. The gap is just closed due to axial expansion of the exhaust gas line at normal engine operating temperature. Tensions that result from a radial expansion of the exhaust gas line are avoided because the exhaust gas line is mounted in a cold state while being subjected to a radial prestress. The prestress is just compensated for as a result of radial expansion at the normal engine operating temperature.

Abstract: A multiple cylinder internal combustion cylinder block having a cast exhaust manifold means integrally cast with the block is disclosed. The manifold means includes manifold port portions that communicate with the cylinder bores, and an expansion slot is provided in the manifold port portions adjacent the cylindrical bores to relieve stress that tends to distort the cylindrical bores of the block.

Abstract: A flexible coupling device for sealably connecting together first and second tubular bodies which are subjected to pulsing pressures and to thermal expansion and contraction. The first tubular body includes a first tubular portion having a cylindrical end and a flange and the second tubular body includes a second tubular portion having a planar mounting surface. The flexible coupling device includes a guide ring disposed in telescopic relation with the cylindrical end of the first tubular body, a flexible bellows having first and second attachment ends, a first retaining ring for releasably securing the first attachment end of the flexible bellows to the flange and a second retaining ring for releasably securing the second attachment end and the guide ring to the planar mounting surface of the second tubular portion.

Abstract: An engine has first and second cylinder rows substantially parallel to each other and is mounted sideways so that the cylinder rows are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body with the first cylinder row disposed forward of the second cylinder row. An exhaust system for the engine has first and second exhaust pipes. The first exhaust pipe is connected to the cylinders in the first cylinder row on the front side of the first cylinder row and is led rearward of the engine through a recess formed on the lower side of an oil pan of the engine which is positioned between the first and second cylinder rows. The second exhaust pipe is connected to the cylinders in the second cylinder row on the rear side of the second cylinder row, is once led forward into the recess of the oil pan and then turned rearward in the recess to extend rearward. The first and second exhaust pipes are merged into a common exhaust pipe at a junction in the rear of the engine.

Abstract: An exhaust port liner assembly for use in a cylinder head of a vehicle engine composed of spaced inner and outer tubular metal shells having a mass of heat insulating material within the spaced shells and a gasket within the said spaced shells adjacent the outlet port. A metal cylinder head is cast around the spaced inner and outer shells while a removable insert is positioned within the spaced shells adjacent the outlet port. After casting of the metal cylinder head, the insert is removed and replaced by a gasket member.

Abstract: A collector apparatus for use in motor vehicle exhaust systems for connecting an internal combustion engine to a open-ended gas receiving member. The collector apparatus defines a chamber for receiving and thoroughly mixing exhaust gases delivered from opposite manifolds associated with the engine prior to delivery to the open end of the gas receiving member. The collector may be formed from a one-piece tubular housing or as a two-piece clam shell and a method for construction of each is disclosed.

Abstract: A water-jacketed exhaust manifold for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine has a plurality of inlet ports which are connected via a cavity in the manifold to an outlet port formed in a face of the manifold. At least one septum member is disposed in the manifold to subdivide the cavity into at least two chambers with each of which are associated at least two inlet ports. Each septum extends in the outlet port to the manifold outlet face. A water-jacketed header pipe is connectible to the manifold face. A gas flow passage in the header pipe is subdivided by at least one septum over the length of the passage. Each header pipe septum is arranged to substantially align with and register with a corresponding manifold septum upon connection of the header pipe to the manifold.

Abstract: This invention relates to a dual-exhaust system for an internal combustion automotive engine. Instead of just the usual direct channeling of exhaust gases from the engine towards the muffler, the system of the invention also couples the exhaust flow from one pipe to the other, and vice versa, mixing and equalizing the pressures in the two pipes, by the addition of two further pipes connected between the first two in an X-configuration.

Abstract: An exhaust manifold system is provided for a transverse V-type engine including front and rear banks, each having a plurality of cylinders. The exhaust manifold system includes a front exhaust manifold for conducting the exhaust gas discharged from the cylinders of the front bank to an exhaust pipe, and a rear exhaust manifold for conducting the exhaust gas discharged from the cylinders of the rear bank to the exhaust pipe. This exhaust manifold system may be produced by welding stainless steel pipes for the front exhaust manifold and forming the rear exhaust manifold of cast iron.

Abstract: An engine part with a cast main body and a manifold type ceramic liner which is cast in the main body to define a manifold type exhaust passage therein, the ceramic liner including a hollow cylindrical liner body and a plurality of cylinder members branched from the liner body, a through portion being provided at a branched area of the ceramic liner for communicating inside and outside of the ceramic liner at which area adjacent cylinder members are branched apart, the through portion being filled with a molten metal at the time of casting the main body.

Abstract: A Y-shaped, clam shell type coupling device for use in automotive vehicle exhaust systems to couple two exhaust pipes that are connected to an engine manifold to a single exhaust pipe that is connected to a catalytic converter or exhaust silencing device. The clam shell type coupling comprises a pair of mirror image half shells which combine around the exhaust pipes in fluid tight fashion to form two generally tubular intersecting chambers. One of the chambers may provide a direct pathway from one of the manifold exhaust pipes to the single exhaust pipe.

Abstract: A marine exhaust assembly (10) includes a manifold portion (14), an elbow portion (24), a water jacket portion (38), and exhaust runner walls (40, 42, 44, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80), providing a smooth continuous transition of exhaust gas flow from intake exhaust passages (16, 18, 20, 22) in the manifold portion (14) to transfer exhaust passages (26, 28, 30, 32) in the elbow portion (24) around a bend (34) to a discharge exhaust passage (36), minimizing turbulent flow of exhaust through the manifold portion (14) and elbow portion (24). Each transfer exhaust passage has its own water supply inlet (96, 98, 100, 102) at the upstream end of the respective intake exhaust passage.

Abstract: An exhaust gas line system for an internal combustion engine supercharged by an exhaust gas turbocharger, having a modularly assembled exhaust gas collector pipe (1), which supplies the turbocharger with exhaust gas and is connected to all cylinders of a bank of cylinders via connecting lines (2), the exhaust gas collector pipe (1) being closed at its end distant from the turbine and exhibiting, over its entire length, a nearly constant cross section. It is the object of the invention to create, for a supercharged internal combustion engine, an exhaust gas line system that utilizes the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas in the most loss-free possible fashion for driving the turbocharger. This is achieved by the connecting lines (2) discharging into the exhaust gas collector pipe (1) via a diffusor-shaped inlet opening (3) and by providing a constriction (4) upstream of the inlet opening.

Abstract: An interior pipe carrying exhaust gases is arranged in a cooled housing 13. The interior pipe fastened to the housing 13 comprises individual sections 18 arranged in series while leaving expansion joints. The length of one section 18 corresponds approximately to the cylinder spacing of the piston internal-combustion engine. At the circumference, at the halfway point of its length, each section 18 has a plug-type connection 20 interacting with the housing. This plug-type connection 20 is arranged approximately opposite the lead-in point of an exhaust stub 15 of a cylinder interacting with the section 18. The plug-type connection 20 comprises a receiving device which, in a cooled manner, is arranged in the housing and a corresponding plug 23 connected with the section 18 of the interior pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler for marine engines with two rows of cylinders, especially V-engines. The exhaust muffler comprises a horizontal cylindrical container (20) mounted transverse to the rows of cylinders and having an exhaust inlet (26) and an exhaust outlet (27) for each row of cylinders. The container is mounted between the rear of the engine (1) and the boat transom (3).

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermally, and optionally catalytically, operative exhaust gas treatment reactor of an engine, comprising filamentary material directly against and inside the heat insulating portion of a housing assembly which is placed on an engine over the exhaust ports, either directly or with a member interposed. Rapid warm up during cold start is achieved by restriction of gas flow, with the optional re-routing of exhaust gas, including routing to a reservoir which may be expansible. Other features include various embodiments of filamentary material, mechanism for accurately regulating exhaust gas recirculation and provision of extra air, the providing a secondary substance such as water/methanol or steam to induction charge to assist in the balancing of exhaust reactions. Treatment of exhaust gas is generally but not specifically to remove certain undesired pollutants from the exhaust gas of vehicles as required in many countries.

Abstract: The fastening of the thin-walled exhaust pipe inside the liquid-cooled covering takes place by means of screws which are distributed in a cross-sectional plane of the exhaust pipe at the circumference. For receiving the screws, brackets are arranged in the wall of the exhaust pipe which have an internal thread corresponding to the screws. In the mounted state, in the area of each bracket, a radially smaller dimensioned space exists between the exhaust pipe and the covering, which smaller space is eliminated after the tightening of the screws. Instead, the pipe is deformed in the cross-sectional plane of the screws in the sections between the brackets. The extent of the deformation depends on the magnitude of the thermal expansion of the pipe to be expected at the operating state, no constraining forces therefore occur at the pipe which endanger the operation and which result from an obstructed thermal expansion.

Abstract: A heat-resistant casing for an internal combustion engine comprises an outer wall member made of an aluminum alloy by casting and an inner wall member made of ceramic and embedded in the outer wall member at the time of casting of the outer wall member. A coolant jacket is formed in the outer wall member and is communicated with a source of cooling medium so that cooling medium circulates through the coolant jacket.