Abstract: A fuel preparation system includes a fractionation unit for treating fuel containing vanadium. A gas turbine is connected to the fractionation unit to receive treated fuel. The gas turbine may deliver exhaust from the gas turbine to the fractionation unit. The fuel preparation system may include a burner for burning a heavy fuel fraction from the faction unit and for delivering exhaust from the burner to the fractionation unit. The fuel preparation unit may include a boiler to receive the heavy fuel fraction for combustion and for delivering steam to the fractionation unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for the production and purification of biogas. This involves in principle the production of biogas from biomass in a fermenter. The biogas is divided by means of a separation stage into a methane gas flow and a lean gas flow, and the lean gas flow is converted into heat and electrical power in a combined heat and power plant. The invention is characterised in that, by means of a bypass line which circumvents the separation stage, a variable proportion of the crude gas flow may be fed directly to the combined heat and power plant.

Abstract: A combined power generation unit includes a gasification unit with a gasification furnace that is used to produce fuel gas, and a gas turbine that uses the fuel gas to generate power. To produce the fuel gas required in the combined power generation unit according to a required power load, a feed-forward control of the gasification unit is performed. Also, a dead time compensator compensates for a lag and a dead time occurring while the fuel gas is fed from the gasification unit to the combined power generation unit. The gasification unit is operated using a zero flare process. The dead time compensator delays the power load required in the combined power generation unit on the basis of the lag and the dead time of the gasification unit so that the combined power generation unit is operated while a follow-up is performed with a predetermined delay.

Abstract: The exhaust within an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system should be purged to allow for access to the components of the EGR system. A system and method for purging the EGR system is provided. The system and method may incorporate a purge gas supply that may include: at least one pressurized cylinder, a storage tank, a compressor, or a benign fluid source. The system and method may drive the exhaust out of the EGR system.

Abstract: The exhaust within an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system should be purged to allow for access to the components of the EGR system. A system and method for purging the EGR system is provided. The system and method may incorporate an: EGR purge fan, an EGR purge blower, or a turbomachine. The system and method may draw the exhaust out of the EGR system. The system and method may drive the exhaust out of the EGR system.

Abstract: An auxiliary power unit includes an autothermal reformer for producing a reformate from fuel; a turbine; a combustor for burning the reformate to power the turbine; a recuperator for obtaining thermal energy to improve the efficiency of the auxiliary power unit; a steam generator for using thermal energy from the recuperator to produce steam from a water supply; a condenser for recovering the water from turbine exhaust; and an electrical generator coupled to the turbine for producing electrical power. Recovered heat and water are used with the autothermal reformer to produce rapid and complete combustion of the fuel with a relatively low concentration of emissions.

Abstract: A gas engine plant that includes a combustion engine adapted to combust gaseous fuel receives fuel containing hydrocarbons, reforms the fuel by cracking the heavier hydrocarbons in the fuel while minimizing cracking of methane, and feeds the reformed fuel in gaseous form to the combustion engine.

Abstract: The exhaust within an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system should be purged to allow for access to the components of the EGR system. A method and system for controlling an EGR purge system is provided. The method and system may control the operation of drawing the exhaust out of the EGR system. The method may also control the operation of diving the exhaust out of the EGR system.

Abstract: A portion of the exhaust generated by a turbomachine is recirculated through an inlet portion by an exhaust gas recirculation system. The system reduces the level of harmful constituents within the exhaust before the exhaust is recirculated.

Abstract: A turbine engine includes an air inlet fluidly coupleable with an air compressor subassembly. The air compressor subassembly is fluidly coupleable with a combustion subassembly. The combustion subassembly generates and combusts ionic hydrogen, and is fluidly coupleable with a mid-turbine subassembly. The mid-turbine subassembly is fluidly coupleable with a rear turbine subassembly. The rear turbine subassembly is fluidly coupleable with an exhaust outlet for exhausting combustion products from said mid-turbine subassembly. The combustion subassembly includes an electrostatic subassembly fluidly coupleable with a combustion chamber subassembly. The combustion chamber subassembly is fluidly coupleable with the mid-turbine subassembly. The air compressor subassembly can compress and humidify air.

Abstract: A method of operating a membrane separation module is provided that includes the steps of directing a feed stream comprising a first component into the membrane separation module to separate the first component by permeating it across a membrane; and introducing a second component into the feed stream such that the second component has a higher permeability through said membrane than the permeability of the first component through said membrane.

Abstract: A method of operating an integrated gasification combined cycle power generation system is provided. The method includes compressing air in an adiabatic air compressor to produce a compressed heated air stream, heating a nitrogen stream using the compressed heated air stream to produce a heated nitrogen stream and a cooled compressed air stream, and channeling the cooled compressed air stream to an air separation unit.

Abstract: A process for production of electric energy and CO2 from a hydrocarbon feedstock includes steams reforming of the feedstock, separation and combustion of hydrogen and separation of CO2.

Abstract: A power generation system. The exemplary system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a gas turbine (28), a gasifier (10) for generating gaseous fuel and a gas combustor (26) configured to receive the fuel and power the gas turbine (28). A drain collection and separation system (5) is positioned to collect gaseous fuel entrained in liquid and to separate the gaseous fuel from the liquid so the gaseous fuel can be cycled or disposed of separately from the liquid.

Abstract: A substantially homogeneous air/fuel mixture is distributed into an oxidation reaction chamber at a plurality of discrete locations about an interior of the oxidation reaction chamber. The oxidation reaction chamber has an internal temperature sufficient to oxidize the fuel in the air/fuel mixture. The air/fuel mixture are retained in the oxidation reaction chamber as the fuel of the air/fuel mixture oxidizes. The heat released by the oxidation maintains a temperature substantially throughout the reaction chamber at a temperature sufficient to oxidize the fuel in the air/fuel mixture.

Abstract: The problem of a heat exchanger of a heat recovery steam generator being corroded by sulfuric acid is solved, and the gas temperature at the outlet of the heat recovery steam generator is set at a value equal to or lower than the dew point of sulfuric acid, thereby realizing an integrated coal gasification combined cycle plant with high efficiency.

Abstract: A method for power generation from carbonaceous feedstock comprising the steps of: gasifying the feedstock in a gasification unit to produce synthesis gas; passing a first portion of the synthesis gas to a power generation unit; passing a second portion of the synthesis gas to a chemical plant; condensing at least a portion of at least one gas stream produced; revaporising at least a portion of the at least one condensed gas stream; and wherein the step of revaporising at least a portion of the at least one condensed gas stream permits the power used in the step of condensing at least a portion of at least one gas stream to be recovered.

Abstract: An IGCC plant which can improve the power generation efficiency and which can suppress the emission of sulfur components and dust into the atmosphere is provided. The IGCC plant described above has a coal gasifier for converting pulverized coal to a syngas; an exhaust heat recovery boiler generating steam; a gas turbine system which is operated by the syngas and which supplies a combustion exhaust gas to the exhaust heat recovery boiler; a steam turbine system operated by the steam generated by the exhaust heat recovery boiler; a power generator connected to the gas turbine system and/or the steam turbine system; a desulfurization device for removing sulfur components from the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust heat recovery boiler; and a wet-type electric precipitator for removing sulfur components and dust.

Abstract: An integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plant which appropriately processes an early produced gas to suppress the emission of a sulfur component into the atmosphere for further improving environmental compatibility is provided. The IGCC plant has a gasifier for converting pulverized coal to gas fuel, a gas turbine operated thereby and supplying a combustion exhaust gas to an heat recovery steam generator, a steam turbine operated by steam generated thereby, and a power generator connected to the gas turbine system and/or the steam turbine. In this IGCC plant, a combustion exhaust gas discharged from the heat recovery steam generator is desulfurized and exhausted into the atmosphere. In addition, an initial desulfurization equipment exclusively used for the early produced gas is provided for a flow path extending from an outlet side of the gasifier to a flare system.

Abstract: Method for using renewable energy sources comprising at least one remote energy generation plant which may be operated by a renewable energy source, a production measurement unit at the location of the at least one remote energy generation plant which measures the production of the at least one remote energy generation plant, a central control unit, the method comprising the following steps: a) producing a production forecast for the production of the at least one remote energy generation plant in a future time period, b) transmitting the production forecast to the central control unit via a computer network, c) operating the remote energy generation plant and measuring the production using the production measurement unit, d) comparing the measured production with the production forecast, e) notifying an operator of the at least one energy generation plant, if the measured production deviates from the production forecast beyond a predetermined level.

Abstract: A control apparatus of an extracted air booster system of an integrated gasification combined cycle power plant can additionally serve a sufficient pressure control function and a sufficient antisurge control function. For example, when an inlet guide vane is fully closed or has a small opening degree equal to or smaller than a predetermined opening degree, a second control section of the control apparatus performs pressure control based on a pressure deviation, instead of or as well as antisurge control. In the pressure control, the degree of opening of an antisurge valve is controlled so that a booster outlet pressure detection value can become equal to a set pressure value. In a case where a pressure ratio is larger than a set pressure ratio value, it is also effective that the second control section performs the antisurge control even when the inlet guide vane is fully closed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a highly-reliable two-shaft gas turbine system in which the rotational speed of a compressor exceeds its rated rotational speed when the combustion temperature during rated operation is set to the rated combustion temperature of a simple-cycle gas turbine system and in which the drive force for the compressor can be balanced with the output from a high-pressure turbine without turbine efficiency being compromised. When the rotational speed of a compressor 1 exceeds its rated rotational speed on the condition that the combustion temperature during rated operation is set to the rated combustion temperature of a simple-cycle gas turbine system, part of the working fluid that drives turbines is diverged from a flow path that guides the working fluid to gas paths and used as a coolant.

Abstract: Plasma-Based Waste-to-Energy (PBWTE) facility/systems, including plasma-assisted gasification systems, are described that can be integrated into a single system which when fed a steam of municipal solid waste, discarded tires, or electronic wastes, organic or inorganic, which have been shredded to a uniform size produces a synthesis gas (syngas) and a molten slag, and/or electricity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an energy efficient method of combined heat and power/combined-cycle electricity generation method and gasification method utilizing a multi-process method of producing, methane, biodiesel, and ethanol production. The waste heat from the combined heat and power generation/combined-cycle method and gasification method is utilized by these multiple methods in such a manner that the waste heat of each successive method serves directly as the heat reservoir for the succeeding method before it is reclaimed at the back-end of the combined-cycle method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an energy efficient method of combined heat and power/combined-cycle electricity generation method and gasification method utilizing a multi-process method of producing, methane, biodiesel, and ethanol production. The waste heat from the combined heat and power generation/combined-cycle method and gasification method is utilized by these multiple methods in such a manner that the waste heat of each successive method serves directly as the heat reservoir for the succeeding method before it is reclaimed at the back-end of the combined-cycle method.

Abstract: A vehicle auxiliary power unit includes a turbine to provide a turbine output, a fuel-fired burner that provides a heat source for the turbine, and a heat exchanger that receives the turbine output. The heat exchanger generates a heat exchanger output to produce a predetermined output condition such as heating/cooling a cabin compartment, heating an exhaust component to a desired temperature, and/or heating an engine block, for example.

Abstract: An integrated coal gasification combined cycle facility is provided that can prevent a reduction in power generation efficiency even when low-grade coal having a relatively-high moisture content is used. Included are: a gasification section that gasifies supplied coal; a gas power generation section that generates power by using gas supplied from the gasification section; a steam power generation section that generates power by using the heat of exhaust gas discharged from the gas power generation section; and a coal drying unit that dries the coal by using exhaust heat discharged from the steam power generation section and that supplies the dried coal to the gasification section.

Abstract: A trapped vortex combustor. The trapped vortex combustor is configured for receiving a lean premixed gaseous fuel and oxidant stream, where the fuel includes hydrogen gas. The trapped vortex combustor is configured to receive the lean premixed fuel and oxidant stream at a velocity which significantly exceeds combustion flame speed in a selected lean premixed fuel and oxidant mixture. The combustor is configured to operate at relatively high bulk fluid velocities while maintaining stable combustion, and low NOx emissions. The combustor is useful in gas turbines in a process of burning synfuels, as it offers the opportunity to avoid use of diluent gas to reduce combustion temperatures. The combustor also offers the possibility of avoiding the use of selected catalytic reaction units for removal of oxides of nitrogen from combustion gases exiting a gas turbine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for producing hydrogen from water involving reacting metal particles with water in the presence of an effective amount of activator. In particular the invention pertains to compositions and methods for producing hydrogen upon reaction of metal particles selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), boron (B), silicon (Si), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) with water, in the presence of an effective amount of an activator catalyst, wherein the activator is selected from the group consisting of: alkali metals, earth alkali metals, hydrides of alkali metals, hydrides of earth alkali metals, hydroxides of alkali metals, and hydroxides of earth alkali metals.

Abstract: A process for converting natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons comprising heating the gas through a selected range of temperature for sufficient time and/or combustion of the gas at a sufficient temperature and under suitable conditions for a reaction time sufficient to convert a portion of the gas stream to reactive hydrocarbon products, primarily ethylene or acetylene. The gas containing acetylene may be separated such that acetylene is converted to ethylene. The ethylene product(s) may be reacted in the presence of an acidic catalyst to produce a liquid, a portion of which will be predominantly naphtha or gasoline. A portion of the incoming natural gas or hydrogen produced in the process may be used to heat the remainder of the natural gas to the selected range of temperature. Reactive gas components are used in a catalytic liquefaction step and/or for alternate chemical processing.

Abstract: A water purification system has a water electrolysis system, combustion water vapor production, and condensation chambers; hydrogen and oxygen channels; and a water vapor conduit. The water electrolysis system generates hydrogen and oxygen from water. The hydrogen and oxygen are transported to the oxygen chamber in channels. The hydrogen is combusted in the oxygen in the combustion chamber to generate heated water vapor. The water vapor production chamber generates water vapor from water. The water vapor conduit is disposed between the water vapor production chamber and the condensation chamber. Heated water vapor from the combustion chamber traveling from the combustion chamber into the condensation chamber generates a vacuum on the water vapor conduit, drawing water vapor from the water vapor production chamber into the condensation chamber. The condensation chamber receives water vapor from both the combustion chamber and the water vapor production chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating synthesis gas from waste organic materials that consists of a thermal reduction gasification reactor which is a rotary reactor having a drying and volatilizing zone for gasifying organic materials and a reformation zone for converting the gasified organic materials to synthesis gas. Solid waste organic material is fed to the reactor that heats the solid material to a temperature of about 600° C. to about 1000° C. The synthesis gas generated by the apparatus is substantially hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The apparatus is combined with an electrical generation system for making purified hydrogen and electricity. Alternatively, the synthesis gas can be used as a source for hydrogen. The synthesis gas is cleaned, the composition is shifted to enrich the content of hydrogen, and the hydrogen is isolated from the other gases that make up the synthesis gas. Alternatively, the synthesis gas can be fermented forming an organic alcohol and an organic acid.

Abstract: A power generation system that comprises a first power generator; a first turbine operable to drive the first power generator; a vaporizer operable to vaporize a working fluid, wherein the vaporized working fluid turns the first turbine; and a condenser operable to condense the vaporized working fluid exiting the first turbine, wherein the condenser is coupled to the vaporizer such that the condensed working fluid is vaporized in the vaporizer. The power generation system also comprises a second power generator; a second turbine operable to burn a fuel to drive the second power generator; a switch to selectively operate the second turbine independently of the first turbine; and a heat exchanger coupled to the second turbine to receive flue gas from the second turbine when operated, wherein heat is transferred in the heat exchanger from the flue gas to the vaporized working fluid after the vaporized working fluid exits the vaporizer and prior to the vaporized working fluid entering the first turbine.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a power system comprises: a first compressor unit, a syngas generator in fluid communication with a fuel stream and the first compressor unit, a syngas expander unit configured to directly receive the first syngas stream from the syngas generator, a first steam generator, a water gas shift reactor, and a carbon dioxide removal unit. The first compressor unit is configured to compress an air stream and form a first pressurized stream, while the syngas generator is configured to generate a first syngas stream. The syngas expander is configured to reduce the pressure of the first syngas stream. The first steam generator is configured to cool the second syngas stream. The carbon dioxide removal unit configured to remove carbon dioxide from the converted syngas stream.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing liquid hydrocarbons from coal that involves subjecting the coal to a pyrolysis reaction within a novel pyrolysis sub-system that includes a plurality of pyrolysis units, with each pyrolysis unit comprising two side-by-side retorts. To increase the amount of feedstock that can be handled within the required resident time, the plurality of pyrolysis units are uniquely arranged in tandem. The apparatus includes, in advance of the pyrolysis subsystem, an ash removal station wherein the ash is removed from the coal, a crushing station wherein the ash free coal is crushed to produce a crushed coal, and a desulfurizing steam station wherein the sulfur is substantially removed from the crushed coal. The apparatus further includes a closed fractionizing tower that is operably associated with the pyrolysis subsystem and into which the pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis subsystem pass.

Abstract: A hybrid installation for providing electric energy from regenerative energy sources, comprising a biogas installation that provides electric energy, and at least one additional energy converter, which provides electric energy and whose releasable power is depending of external influence factors, of the wind supply and/or the sun irradiation in particular, wherein the electric energy of the biogas installation and the electric energy of the at least one additional energy converter are fed into a common mains grid, characterised in that the biogas installation features a gas turbine with an electric generator which is operated by the biogas produced in the biogas installation, and whose waste heat can be supplied to the biogas installation via a heat exchanger.

Abstract: Power from wind, solar, and other intermittent energy sources cracks carbon dioxide, NOx, SOx, and other emissions from fossil fuel power plants, which provide baseload power to the grid. By this hybrid power system, intermittent sources can be integrated in power generation without compromising the reliability of the grid and without long power line connections. Carbon dioxide becomes, in effect, a storage medium for energy produced by intermittent sources. The CO2 can be pipelined to sites where wind, solar, tidal or and other intermittent energy sources are available, or power lines can be run from such intermittent sources to convenient sites for cracking.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for humidifying syngas to achieve a water to carbon monoxide molar ratio in the product syngas within a desired range and in which the molar ratio which can be varied over time in response to changes in downstream syngas requirements. The raw syngas is produced by reacting a carbonaceous material with oxygen, water, or carbon dioxide and can be combined with a diluent to produce a diluted syngas stream which can be cooled and contacted with liquid water to give a humidified syngas. The H2O:CO molar ratio of the humidified syngas may be adjusted in response to time-varying downstream syngas requirements by changing the amount and/or temperature of the diluent that is combined with the raw syngas stream, by adjusting quench and heat exchange conditions, or a combination thereof. The application of the process to the coproduction of chemicals and power are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method is for operating a burner of a gas turbine. A fossil fuel is gasified and the gasified fossil fuel is fed as synthesis gas into the burner for combustion. The burner is connected to the gas turbine. The synthesis gas is divided into a first partial current and a second partial current and the partial currents are each fed into the burner for combustion. A power plant, particularly a gas and steam turbine system, includes a gasification device for a fossil fuel.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes converting a hydrocarbon feedstock into a gas mixture. The method also includes burning a first portion of the gas mixture within a combustion chamber. The method further includes converting a second portion of the gas mixture into methanol during periods of low demand for the gas mixture within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method for meeting both base-load and peak-load demand in a power production facility. By integrating a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) hydrocarbon production facility with an electrical power generating facility, peak-load power demand can be met by reducing the temperature of the FT reactor thereby increasing the quantity of tail gases and using FT tail gases to fuel a gas turbine generator set. The method enables rapid power response and allows the synthesis gas generating units and the FT units to operate with constant flow rates.

Abstract: A gas turbine system burning heavy-oil modified fuel and a method of operating the gas turbine system, which covers from a stage of modifying heavy oil and producing gas turbine fuel to a stage of operating a gas turbine, including startup, ordinary shutdown and emergency shutdown of the gas turbine. The gas turbine system burning heavy-oil modified fuel comprises a reactor for mixing heavy oil and water to cause reaction, thereby separating and removing a heavy component from the heavy oil, a gas-liquid separator for separating hydrocarbon gas and modified oil obtained in the reactor from each other, a gas turbine combustor for burning the hydrocarbon gas supplied from the gas-liquid separator, and a gas turbine driven by combustion gas produced in the gas turbine combustor. The system further comprises another line for extracting the hydrocarbon gas externally of a relevant system region.

Abstract: A fuel processor (10) comprises a supply of natural gas (12) and a compressor (14), which compresses the natural gas and supplies the natural gas to a partial oxidation reactor (16). A supply of oxygen (20) supplies the oxygen to the partial oxidation reactor (16). The partial oxidation reactor (16) partially reacts the natural gas and the oxygen to form a mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The partial oxidation reactor (16) supplies the mixture of hydrogen and carbon dioxide to a turbine (20). The turbine (20) is arranged to drive the compressor (14). The turbine (20) expands and cools the mixture of hydrogen and carbon dioxide and supplies the mixture of hydrogen and carbon dioxide to a fuel cell stack (22) requiring hydrogen and/or carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A feed injector for providing feed to a gasifier of an integrated gasification combined cycle system includes: a base leading to a body and terminating in a tip, the tip including an exitway for injecting feed into the gasifier; the tip including a mating of an inner shell disposed within a core insert, with an outer shell in which the core insert is disposed; a plurality of spacers disposed between the core insert and inner shell thus providing an inner annular space, and another plurality of spacers disposed between the core insert and outer shell thus providing an outer annular space; the inner annular space and the outer annular space being in fluid communication at the tip and providing for a flow of coolant from the base to the tip and back to the base. A method of fabrication and an integrated gasification combined cycle power plant are also disclosed.

Abstract: Gasification equipment with a gasification furnace which maintains a high cold gas efficiency, and suppresses a temperature rise of the gasification gas to minimize ash deposition is disclosed. A part of a CO2 gas separated from an exhaust of a power generation plant is compressed by a recovered CO2 compressor 25. The compressed CO2 gas is used for transport of coal (pulverized coal). The CO2 gas is supplied, together with the pulverized coal, into a gasification furnace to accelerate the formation of CO by an endothermic reaction between C and CO2 and suppress a temperature raise within a coal gasification furnace 15, thereby producing a gasification gas.

Abstract: A process for the production of carbon dioxide in concentrated form and electricity from a hydrocarbon feedstock said process comprising the steps of: a) introducing an air feed stream comprising air and optionally steam and a fuel feed stream comprising methane and optionally hydrogen and/or steam to an autothermal reactor unit (ATR) for the production of synthesis gas wherein (i) the temperature of the fuel feed stream is in the range 350 to 7000 C; and (ii) the molar ratio of oxygen contained in the air feed stream to carbon (in hydrocarbons) in the fuel feed stream is from 0.45:1 to 0.85:1, preferably 0.6:1 to 0.

Abstract: A variation in calorific value is detected using existing measurement values, without using a measurement device such as a calorimeter. An allowable variation range of a gas turbine power generation output with respect to a charged fuel amount or an allowable variation range of a charged fuel amount with respect to a gas turbine power generation output is set from a relation between the fuel amount charged to the combustor of the gas turbine and the gas turbine power generation output when the fuel gas calorific value is constant, and a calorific abnormality is detected when an actually charged fuel amount or an actual gas turbine power generation output falls outside the allowable variation range.

Abstract: In a retrofit system for hot solids combustion and gasification, a chemical looping system includes an endothermic reducer reactor 12 having at least one materials inlet 22 for introducing carbonaceous fuel and CaCO3 therein and a CaS/gas outlet 26. A first CaS inlet 40 and a first CaSO4 inlet 64 are also defined by the reducer reactor 12. An oxidizer reactor 14 is provided and includes an air inlet 68, a CaSO4/gas outlet 46, a second CaS inlet 44, and a second CaSO4 inlet 66. A first separator 30 is in fluid communication with the CaS/gas outlet 26 and includes a product gas and a CaS/gas outlet 32 and 34 from which CaS is introduced into said first and second CaS inlets. A second separator 50 is in fluid communication with the CaSO4/gas outlet 46 and has an outlet 52 for discharging gas therefrom, and a CaSO4 outlet from which CaSO4 is introduced into the first and second CaSO4 inlets 62, 66.

Abstract: A method for operating a power plant (2), which includes at least one compressor (3), at least one turbine (4), and a burner arrangement (5), involves, to enhance the power plant (2), feeding a combustion exhaust gas from a pre-burner (8) of the burner arrangement (5) to an oxygen-removal device (11), which removes gas of the oxygen from the combustion exhaust gas in which it is contained.

Abstract: Modern ECU's control fuel flow and efficiency of high performance vehicles. Converting a standard fossil fuel vehicle or boat to oxy-hydrogen requires monitoring of additional factors such as oxy-hydrogen burn rates, oxy-hydrogen flow, oxy-hydrogen temperature, oxy-hydrogen production rates and overall factors such as barometric pressure, altitude, humidity, ambient temperatures etc. When a vehicle operating as a hybrid, experiences difficulties with oxy-hydrogen production, burn rate, fuel flow, or operating temperature, the ECU must compensate and revert back to fossil fuel operating status, or suffer engine failure and potentially costly mechanical damages.