Abstract: A controller for a hydrogen engine is provided. Control circuitry performs, after a stop request for the hydrogen engine, a water reduction process that reduces a proportion of water vapor in exhaust gas. The control circuitry stops the hydrogen engine after operating the hydrogen engine with the water reduction process executed.

Abstract: A multi-stroke reciprocating thermal engine includes a cylinder head; a cylinder head cover; a crank case; crank shaft; a cam shaft; a cam cover; piston heads; and Shape Memory Alloy compression springs; a fluid tank; a radiator; a fluid pump; a heating fluid and a cooling fluid; a thermal battery with a thermal mass for storing thermal energy; a means of charging the thermal battery including a solar lens; electrical charging means and electromagnetic induction means.

Abstract: The present invention provides a working fluid re-liquefaction system driven by recovered exhaust gas energy of a prime mover with heat rejection via a magneto-caloric liquefier to atmosphere for distributed electric generation and motor vehicle application.

Abstract: Systems and methods to increase the recharge rate of a supplemental cooling system are provided. The system may include a primary cooling system configured to cool a thermal load, a supplemental cooling system, and a thermoelectric cooling apparatus. The thermoelectric cooling apparatus may assist the primary cooling system in recharging the supplemental cooling system in response to the supplemental cooling system operating in a recharge state, to the availability of electrical capacity, and to one or more operating parameters of the primary cooling system falling outside a predetermined range, wherein the operating parameter affects a cooling capacity of the primary cooling system.

Abstract: A cascade organic Rankine cycle plant comprising a hot source, at least a first high temperature organic Rankine cycle and a second low temperature organic Rankine cycle, said cycles comprising at least one preheater, at least one vaporizer, at least one turbine, at least one condenser, wherein the hot source first supplies a vaporizer of the high temperature cycle, then the vaporizer of the low temperature cycle and finally it is divided into two flows which supply a first preheater of the high temperature cycle and a preheater of the low temperature cycle. The first high-temperature organic Rankine cycle comprises a further vaporizer operating at an intermediate pressure between the vaporizer pressure of the high temperature cycle and the vaporizer pressure of the low temperature cycle.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include a system, method, and apparatus comprising a direct steam generator configured to generate saturated steam and combustion exhaust constituents.

Abstract: In certain implementations, a ship propulsion system includes: at least one internal combustion engine with: a combustion chamber for burning a fuel; an intake tract for supplying fresh air to the combustion chamber; and a turbocharger with a compressor in the in-take tract; an electrolysis device for producing hydrogen gas for the internal combustion engine and for producing oxygen gas; an alcohol tank for supplying alcohols to the internal combustion engine; and a water tank, wherein the water tank and the alcohol tank are connected to the combustion chamber or a pressure side of the compressor for the supply of water and alcohol into the intake tract, and wherein the electrolysis device is connected to the pressure side of the compressor for supplying hydrogen gas into the intake tract or connected to the combustion chamber for supplying hydrogen gas into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A reverse compression cycle machine includes an evaporator, a compressor and a condenser arranged in series along a path of a working fluid in the machine, further including a boundary layer turbine placed between the condenser and the evaporator. The turbine includes a set of power disks mounted on a shaft which rotates inside a volume of a rotor casing, an inlet opening for introducing a working fluid in a stator volume, a stator nozzle, which accelerates the flow in a direction that is tangential to the power disks, and a discharge of a working fluid. The rotor casing includes a drain of a liquid fraction of the working fluid from the peripheral part of the power disks in order to avoid its concentration in the peripheral part of the volume of the rotor casing.

Abstract: Systems and methods for generating and a controller for controlling generation of geothermal power in an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) operation to thereby supply electrical power to one or more of in-field operational equipment, a grid power structure, and an energy storage device. In an embodiment, during hydrocarbon production, a temperature of a flow of heated fluid from a source or working fluid may be determined. If the temperature is above a vaporous phase change threshold of the working fluid, heat exchanger valves may be opened to divert flow of heated fluid to heat exchangers to facilitate heat transfer from the flow of wellhead fluid to working fluid through the heat exchangers, thereby to cause the working fluid to change from a liquid to vapor, the vapor to cause a generator to generate electrical power via rotation of an expander.

Abstract: A geothermal energy system utilizes supercritical CO2 turbine and a radial outflow reaction turbine, a Catherine Wheel having wheel arms, that spins around an axle to produce power. A fin portion extends from the radial portion at an offset angle, to an exhaust end. A first working fluid, such as supercritical carbon dioxide flows through an arm conduit within the wheel arm and a second working fluid, such as a hydrocarbon mixes with the first working fluid and both flow through a turbine. The turbine may be configured within the wheel arm conduit or mounted prior to the Catherine Wheel or any other radial outflow reaction turbine, or variable phase turbines available, and it turns as the combined working fluids expand and vaporize. The second working fluid may be condensed and recirculated while the first working fluid is expelled back into a geothermal reservoir.

Abstract: An organic Rankine cycle system (100, 110, 120) with direct exchange and in cascade comprising a high temperature organic Rankine cycle (10) which carries out the direct heat exchange with a hot source (H) and a low temperature organic Rankine cycle (10?) in thermal communication with the high temperature cycle (10). The organic Rankine cycle system (100, 110, 120) is configured in a way that the thermal communication between the cycles (10, 10?) takes place through at least one heat exchanger (3) configured to use at least the condensation heat of the high temperature cycle to vaporize and/or preheat the working fluid of the low temperature organic Rankine cycle fluid and through a heat exchanger (4) configured to operate as working fluid sub-cooler for the high temperature organic Rankine cycle (10) and as a working fluid preheater for the low temperature organic Rankine cycle (10?).

Abstract: The present invention discloses an Organic Rankine cycle system with supercritical double-expansion two-stage heat recovery, comprising a first-stage evaporation cycle system, a second-stage evaporation cycle system and a mixing system. The present invention has lower heat loss in the heat exchange process, better heat exchange effect and improved utilization efficiency of waste heat.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a corresponding system for controlling energy streams in order to connect operations of an electricity distribution network (1) and a heat distribution network (2) by means of an intermediate energy storage unit (3). According to the invention, the power balance and quality of current and voltage of the electricity distribution network (1) are adjusted by supplying the losses provided by adjustment of the electricity distribution network to the energy storage unit (3) in the form of heat, and from the energy storage unit the heat is extracted to the heat distribution network (2) according to the heat requirement of the heat distribution network.

Abstract: Methods and systems for removal of ions from aqueous fluids are provided. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method of removing one or more oxyanions from an aqueous fluid, including the steps of contacting an aqueous fluid containing oxyanions with an aluminum metal whereby aluminum ions are released from the aluminum metal into the aqueous fluid, wherein the one or more oxyanions in the aqueous fluid react with the aluminum ions to form one or more ettringites; controlling a rate of release of the aluminum ions from the aluminum metal; and removing at least a portion of precipitated ettringites from the aqueous fluid.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine waste heat utilization system comprises a cooling medium, a cooling medium storage tank (9), a cooling medium delivery pipe (8), a circulation pump (7), a high-pressure pipeline (15), energy storage tanks (14, 12), steam turbines (13,11) and a radiator (10). The cooling medium forms high-temperature and high-pressure gas by absorbing waste heat of an internal combustion engine and exhaust gas, so as to drive the steam turbines to do work and convert thermal energy into kinetic energy.

Abstract: A ship propulsion system comprises at least one internal combustion engine with a combustion chamber for burning a fuel and a turbocharger with a compressor in an intake tract of the internal combustion engine. The ship propulsion system further comprises an electrolysis device, which produces hydrogen and oxygen gas, which are added on a pressure side of the compressor and conducted to the internal combustion engine. Moreover, a water tank and an alcohol tank are connected to a pressure side of the compressor in order to add water and alcohol to the charge air.

Abstract: The single working-medium vapor combined cycle and the vapor power device for combined cycle is provided in this invitation and belongs to the field of energy and power technology.

Abstract: A system includes a waste heat recovery heat exchanger configured to heat a heating fluid stream by exchange with a heat source in a crude oil associated gas processing plant. The system includes an Organic Rankine cycle energy conversion system including a pump, an energy conversion heat exchanger configured to heat the working fluid by exchange with the heated heating fluid stream, a turbine and a generator configured to generate power by expansion of the heated working fluid, a cooling element configured to cool the expanded working fluid after power generation, and an accumulation tank. The heating fluid flows from the accumulation tank, through the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, through the Organic Rankine cycle energy conversion system, and back to the accumulation tank.

Abstract: A falling-film evaporator includes an evaporator cylinder, a mist eliminator disposed in the evaporator cylinder, a dispenser disposed in the evaporator cylinder, a liquid baffle disposed in the evaporator cylinder, a first chamber formed at least partially by the mist eliminator and the liquid baffle on a first side of the evaporator cylinder below the mist eliminator, a gas returning chamber formed at least partially by the mist eliminator and the liquid baffle on a second side of the evaporator cylinder above the mist eliminator, a gas-liquid separation chamber formed at least partially by the dispenser at an upper portion of the first chamber, and an evaporation chamber formed at least partially by the dispenser at a lower portion of the first chamber, and where the gas returning chamber is in fluid communication with the evaporation chamber.

Abstract: A system includes a heat exchange system and a power generation system. The heat exchange system includes first, second, and third heat exchangers each operable as a continuous source of heat from a delayed coking plant. The first and second heat exchangers heat first and second fluid streams to produce heated first and second fluid streams, respectively. The heated second fluid stream has a lower temperature and a greater quantity of heat than the heated first fluid stream. The third heat exchanger heats a third fluid stream to produce a heated third fluid stream that includes the heated first fluid stream and a hot fluid stream. The heated third fluid stream has a lower temperature than the heated first fluid stream. The power generation system generates power using heat from the heated second and third fluid streams.

Abstract: Disclosed are refrigeration systems having a heat source to be cooled and a heat sink and a capacity of from about 2 to about 30 tons and comprising: (a) a heat transfer composition comprising a refrigerant comprising at least about 80% by weight of trans1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233zd(E)) or at least about 80% by weight of trans1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze(E)); (b) a centrifugal compressor having a discharge:suction pressure ratio at least about 2:1; (c) a condenser operating at temperature in the range of from about 10° C. to about 60° C.; (d) and expander for producing relatively cold low pressure refrigerant liquid; (e) a high efficiency evaporator; and (f) at least one heat exchanger fluidly connected between said evaporator and said refrigerant suction of said compressor.

Abstract: A ship comprising an engine is disclosed. The ship comprising an engine comprises: a self-heat exchanger which heat-exchanges boil-off gas discharged from a storage tank; a multi-stage compressor which compresses, in multi-stages, boil-off gas that passed through the self-heat exchanger after being discharged from the storage tank; a first decompressing device which expands one portion of boil-off gas that passed through the self-heat exchanger after being compressed by the multi-stage compressor; and a second decompressing device which expands the other portion of the boil-off gas that passed through the self-heat exchanger after being compressed by the multi-stage compressor, wherein the self-heat exchanger uses boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank and boil-off gas expanded by the first decompressing device as refrigerants for cooling boil-off gas compressed by the multi-stage compressor.

Abstract: A refrigeration apparatus includes a heat source unit, a utilization unit, and a liquid refrigerant pipe and gas refrigerant pipe. The utilization unit has utilization unit internal pipelines. The liquid refrigerant pipe and the gas refrigerant pipe connect the heat source unit and the utilization unit internal pipelines. A refrigerant circulates through the heat source unit, the utilization unit, the liquid refrigerant pipe, and the gas refrigerant pipe. The refrigerant contains a compound represented by a molecular formula having one or more carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds. A disproportionation inhibitor for reducing a disproportionation reaction of the refrigerant is applied to at least a part of inner surfaces of the liquid refrigerant pipe, the gas refrigerant pipe, and the utilization unit internal pipelines.

Abstract: A thermal electric power generator includes an evaporator, an expander, an electric generator, a condenser, and a pump. A working fluid used in the thermal electric power generator is an organic working fluid. The evaporator includes a heat exchanger, a bypass channel, and a flow rate adjustment mechanism. The bypass channel allows a heat medium to bypass the heat exchanger. The flow rate adjustment mechanism adjusts a flow rate of the heat medium to be supplied to the heat exchanger and a flow rate of the heat medium to be supplied to the bypass channel.

Abstract: A liquefied gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a boil-off gas heat exchanger exchanging heat between boil-off gas, pressurized by a boil-off gas compressor and recovered along a boil-off gas supply line branching off upstream of a liquefied gas-consuming unit, and the boil-off gas supplied from a liquefied gas storage tank, wherein the boil-off gas heat exchanger cools the boil-off gas, recovered along the boil-off gas supply line, with the boil-off gas, supplied from the liquefied gas storage tank, or flash gas, supplied through a vapor recovery line.

Abstract: A power generation method capable of obtaining, even after switching a refrigerant, the equivalent power generation amount before the switching includes: a step of, during reference operation for circulating a reference refrigerant as a working medium within a circulation pathway and operating a binary generator, acquiring information of a control target of superheat of the reference refrigerant evaporated in an evaporator; a step of filling as the working medium, in the circulation pathway, mixed refrigerants by mixing a high-vapor pressure refrigerant and a low-vapor pressure refrigerant than the reference refrigerant in the ratio in which its vapor pressure equals the reference refrigerant; and a step of operating the binary generator while circulating the mixed refrigerants as the working medium within the circulation pathway and controlling superheat of the mixed refrigerants evaporated in the evaporator so as to equal the control target of the superheat of the reference refrigerant.

Abstract: Systems and methods for increasing the efficiency of liquefied natural gas (LNG) production, as well as facilitating coproduction of electric power, and compressed natural gas (CNG) are described. The systems and methods facilitate producing an intermediate LNG at a higher temperature, recovering refrigeration from flash gas and boil-off gas from the LNG, using flash-gas and boil-off gas as fuel to generate electric power, and providing LNG, CNG, and electric power to a vehicle fueling facility.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a supercritical CO2 power generation system of a series recuperative type. According to an embodiment of the present invention, an inlet temperature of a turbine can be increased to increase a work of the turbine, thereby realizing a cycle design having improved turbine efficiency. Further, the number and diameter of pipes connected to a heat exchanger using an external heat source can be reduced to reduce the plumbing related costs, thereby improving economical efficiency.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a multi-pressure stage, organic Rankine cycle (“ORC”) that includes a dry organic working fluid that may be split, such that a first portion of the working fluid flows through a high pressure stage and a second portion of the working fluid flows through a low pressure stage. Components of the high pressure stage and the low pressure stage may be heated by a heat source stream that may be split in a tee downstream of a high pressure evaporator and recombined in a mixer before entering a low pressure preheater.

Abstract: A supercritical CO2 generation system for a parallel recuperative type capable of improving generation efficiency and saving costs is disclosed. According to the supercritical CO2 generation system according to the exemplary embodiment, a compression ratio of a turbine can be increased by arranging recuperators in parallel, thereby maximizing work of the turbine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a complex supercritical CO2 generation system capable of increasing the heat exchange efficiency to improve a system output. According to the present invention, a complex generation system of a bottoming cycle and a topping cycle is configured, a flow rate of a cold side outlet of a bottoming cycle recuperators provided in parallel is branched to be supplied to a recuperator of a topping cycle provided in series, thereby increasing heat exchange efficiency of the topping cycle.

Abstract: The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a novel mixed refrigerant that can be an alternative for HCFC-123, has a low ODP and a low GWP, has a COP equal to that of HCFC-123, and has a refrigerating capacity and gas density higher than those of single refrigerants, such as HCFO-1233zd(E) and HFC-245fa, which are being considered as alternative refrigerants for HCFC-123. A composition comprising a refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant comprises HCFO-1233zd(E) and HFC-245fa, and has a mass ratio of HCFO-1233zd(E) to HFC-245fa of 18:82 to 49:51 is provided as a means for solving the above problem.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for mounting to an undercarriage of a locomotive includes a first enclosure and a second enclosure that are disposed below the undercarriage of the locomotive. The first enclosure is configured to extend partway along a length of the undercarriage and is designated to store a first type of fuel therein. The second enclosure is located adjacent to the first enclosure and configured to extend parallelly with respect to the undercarriage. The second enclosure is designated for enclosing components that are configured for supplying a second type of fuel to an engine of the locomotive.

Abstract: A heat engine system comprises a first heat exchanger, an expander, a second heat exchanger and a valve assembly. The first heat exchanger is in fluid communication with a heat source for heating a working fluid therein. The expander is downstream the first heat exchanger and is in fluid communication therewith for receiving the heat working fluid. The second heat exchanger is downstream the expander and in fluid communication therewith for cooling down the working fluid received therefrom. The valve assembly is in fluid communication with the second heat exchanger and the expander for providing for selectively injecting the expander with cooled working fluid from the second heat exchanger.

Abstract: A system includes a waste heat recovery heat exchanger configured to heat a heating fluid stream by exchange with a heat source in a crude oil associated gas processing plant. The system includes an Organic Rankine cycle energy conversion system including a pump, an energy conversion heat exchanger configured to heat the working fluid by exchange with the heated heating fluid stream, a turbine and a generator configured to generate power by expansion of the heated working fluid, a cooling element configured to cool the expanded working fluid after power generation, and an accumulation tank. The heating fluid flows from the accumulation tank, through the waste heat recovery heat exchanger, through the Organic Rankine cycle energy conversion system, and back to the accumulation tank.

Abstract: Liquefier includes first compression section which is driven by a superconducting motor and which compresses a substance in a gaseous state. Cooling circuit includes: second compression section which is driven by the motor when first compression section is being driven by the motor and which compresses a refrigerant; first heat exchange section which cools the refrigerant by causing heat exchange between a substance in a tank and the compressed refrigerant; second expansion section which brings the refrigerant down to or below a critical temperature of a superconducting material by expanding the cooled refrigerant; and second heat exchange section which imparts cold heat of the refrigerant to the substance by causing heat exchange between the substance in the tank and the refrigerant after cooling a superconducting magnet, and supplies the refrigerant brought down to or below the critical temperature by second expansion section to the motor and cools the superconducting magnet.

Abstract: A fuel system is disclosed for use with an engine. The fuel system may have a tank holding a supply of liquefied fuel and a supply of gaseous fuel boiled off from the liquefied fuel. The fuel system may also have at least one compressor fluidly coupled to the tank for compressing the supply of gaseous fuel and an accumulator fluidly coupled downstream of the at least one compressor for storing the compressed supply of gaseous fuel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treating and feeding natural gas from a tank for storing liquefied gas storage to an apparatus for generating power, and to a burner of an apparatus for generating power in a ship, said method comprising the following consecutive steps: supplying power to the apparatus for generating power, during which step natural gas is fed through a phase separator that returns a heavy fraction of the natural gas containing the hydrocarbons having the longest carbon chains to the tank as condensate and feeding a light fraction of the natural gas containing the hydrocarbons having the shortest carbon chains to the apparatus for generating power; and then recovering the heavy fraction of the natural gas, during which step natural gas is carried from the tank to the burner, bypassing said phase separator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquefied gas treatment system and method.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a working medium in steam power plants having a steam generator for generating working medium vapor, a pump for generating an increased pressure in the working medium vapor, an expansion machine for generating mechanical and/or electrical work by expansion of the working medium from an elevated pressure to a lower pressure level under working conditions and a condenser for condensing the working medium, wherein the working medium contains a lubricant. The invention is characterized in that the working medium contains acetone and a lubricant.

Abstract: The cryogenic device for separating gas fraction from a liquefied natural gas flow carries out a two-stage separation of a gas fraction. The device includes a cylindrical housing provided with an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline, and a perforated partition arranged within the housing so as to face the outlet pipeline. The housing has two (upper and lower) portions of cylindrical shape that are connected to each other at an angle ? of 135°-170°. There are two additional pipelines on the outside, one of them being used for pressure feed of a gas fraction after the first separation stage into the housing upper portion, and the other additional pipeline being used for extracting a gas fraction after the second separation stage into the gas cavity of a reservoir containing a cryogenic fuel.

Abstract: A liquefied gas treatment system includes: a liquefied gas supply line connected from a liquefied gas storing tank to a source of demand, a pump provided on the liquefied gas supply line, and configured to pressurize liquefied gas discharged from the liquefied gas storing tank, a heat exchanger provided on the liquefied gas supply line between the source of demand and the pump, and configured to heat exchange the liquefied gas supplied from the pump with heat transfer media, a media heater configured to heat the heat transfer media, a media circulation line connected from the media heater to the heat exchanger, and a controller configured to change a flow rate of the heat transfer media flowing into the media heater or calories supplied to the heat transfer media by the media heater on the basis of a flow rate of the liquefied gas supplied to the heat exchanger

Abstract: A process for cooling a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, in particular natural gas, against a refrigerant circuit. In this process, the compressed refrigerant is divided into three refrigerant substreams. Whereas the first substream is work-producingly expanded in a warm expander and the second substream is work-producingly expanded in a cold expander, the third substream is work-producingly expanded at the lowest temperature level. The result therefrom is that the operating point of the cold expander is shifted in such a manner that the refrigeration output of the two expanders is situated in a ratio between 40/60 and 60/40.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to heat recovery systems that employ two or more organic Rankine cycle (ORC) units disposed in series. According to certain embodiments, each ORC unit includes an evaporator that heats an organic working fluid, a turbine generator set that expands the working fluid to generate electricity, a condenser that cools the working fluid, and a pump that returns the working fluid to the evaporator. The heating fluid is directed through each evaporator to heat the working fluid circulating within each ORC unit, and the cooling fluid is directed through each condenser to cool the working fluid circulating within each ORC unit. The heating fluid and the cooling fluid flow through the ORC units in series in the same or opposite directions.

Abstract: A power generation system includes a heating fluid circuit thermally coupled to multiple heat sources from at least an integrated hydrocracking plant and diesel hydro-treating plant of a petrochemical refining system. A first subset of the heat sources includes diesel hydro-treating plant heat exchangers coupled to streams in the diesel hydro-treating plant. A second subset of the heat sources includes hydrocracking plant heat exchangers coupled to streams in the hydrocracking plant. The heat exchangers are connected to a power generation system that includes an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) including a working fluid that is thermally coupled to the heating fluid circuit to heat the working fluid, an expander configured to generate electrical power from the heated first working fluid, and a control system configured to activate a set of control valves to selectively thermally couple the heating fluid circuit to at least a portion of the heat sources.

Abstract: A power generation system includes two heating fluid circuits coupled to multiple heat sources from multiple sub-units of a petrochemical refining system. The sub-units include an integrated diesel hydro-treating plant and aromatics plant. A first subset and a second subset of the heat sources includes diesel hydro-treating plant heat exchangers coupled to streams in the diesel hydro-treating plant and aromatics plant heat exchangers coupled to streams in the aromatics plant, respectively. A power generation system includes an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) including a working fluid that is thermally coupled to the two heating fluid circuits to heat the working fluid, and an expander to generate electrical power from the heated working fluid. The system includes a control system to activate a set of control valves to selectively thermally couple each heating fluid circuit to at least a portion of the heat sources.

Abstract: A power generation system includes two heating fluid circuits coupled to multiple heat sources from multiple sub-units of a petrochemical refining system. The sub-units include an integrated hydrocracking plant and aromatics plant. A first subset and a second subset of the heat sources includes diesel hydro-treating plant heat exchangers coupled to streams in the diesel hydro-treating plant and aromatics plant heat exchangers coupled to streams in the aromatics plant, respectively. A power generation system includes an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) including a working fluid that is thermally coupled to the two heating fluid circuits to heat the working fluid, and an expander to generate electrical power from the heated working fluid. The system includes a control system to activate a set of control valves to selectively thermally couple each heating fluid circuit to at least a portion of the heat sources.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for operating a plurality of independent, closed cycle power plant modules each having a vaporizer comprising the steps of serially supplying a medium or low temperature source fluid to each corresponding vaporizer of one or more first plant modules, respectively, to a secondary preheater of a first module, and to a vaporizer of a terminal module, whereby to produce heat depleted source fluid; providing a primary preheater for each vaporizer; and supplying said heat depleted source fluid to all of said primary preheaters in parallel.

Abstract: A mechanical leverage system comprising an expansive side and a compressive side, wherein the compressive side comprises a compressor which is in controlled fluid communication with a first evaporator and a first condenser, wherein the expansive side comprises an expander which is in controlled fluid communication with a second evaporator and a second condenser, wherein the second evaporator absorbs heat from a space such as an attic and drives the expander, and thus, the compressor to which the expander is connected, and wherein there is a difference between the properties of the refrigerant used in the expansive side and the compressive side, such that the difference in refrigerant properties influences the mechanical advantage ratio of the system.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions of novel working fluids uniquely designed for higher cycle efficiencies leading to higher overall system efficiencies. In particular, these working fluids are useful in Organic Rankine Cycle systems for efficiently converting heat from any heat source into mechanical energy. The present invention also relates to novel processes for recovering heat from a heat source using ORC systems with a novel working fluid comprising at least about 20 weight percent cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (HFO-1336mzz-Z), trans-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (HFO-1336mzz-E), or mixtures thereof.