Abstract: This capsule type medical device system includes: a position detection device 4 which detects the position within the living body of a capsule type medical device 2 which can be ingested to within the living body; an electrode 5 which is provided in the vicinity of the outer surface of the capsule type medical device 2, and which applies an electrical stimulus to living body tissue; and a control device 6 which controls the electric current which flows to the electrode 5; and the control device 6 controls the electric current which flows to the electrode 5 based upon positional information which is detected by the position detection device 4.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus comprises an insertion portion having an observation optical system attached onto the distal end portion thereof and having flexibility, a thrust generating portion for generating a thrust by rotation, formed beyond a predetermined length on an outer-peripheral surface of the insertion portion in a longitudinal-axis direction, a rotation device for rotating the thrust generating portion around the longitudinal axis, and a control portion for controlling a rotational speed of the thrust generating portion according to an insertion length of the thrust generating portion inserted in a subject.

Abstract: A robotic surgical system is configured with rigid, curved cannulas that extend through the same opening into a patient's body. Surgical instruments with passively flexible shafts extend through the curved cannulas. The cannulas are oriented to direct the instruments towards a surgical site. Various port features that support the curved cannulas within the single opening are disclosed. Cannula support fixtures that support the cannulas during insertion into the single opening and mounting to robotic manipulators are disclosed. A teleoperation control system that moves the curved cannulas and their associated instruments in a manner that allows a surgeon to experience intuitive control is disclosed.

Abstract: A robotic surgical system is configured with rigid, curved cannulas that extend through the same opening into a patient's body. Surgical instruments with passively flexible shafts extend through the curved cannulas. The cannulas are oriented to direct the instruments towards a surgical site. A teleoperation control system that moves the curved cannulas and their associated instruments in a manner that allows a surgeon to experience intuitive control is disclosed. The flexible shaft instruments are controlled as if extending along a virtual straight line insertion and withdrawal axis. Various port features that support the curved cannulas within the single opening are disclosed. Cannula support fixtures that support the cannulas during insertion into the single opening and mounting to robotic manipulators are disclosed.

Abstract: In a washing/disinfecting tank of an endoscope washing/disinfecting device, an endoscope connection portion to be joined to a connector portion of an endoscope body is provided, and receiving-side bases to be connected to each of pipelines of the endoscope body are provided. In washing/disinfecting the endoscope body, the connector portion is opposed to the endoscope connection portion in the predetermined positioned state, and then, a switch is turned on. Then, an electromagnet disposed at the endoscope connection portion is excited so as to attract and fix the connector portion by a generated magnetic force.

Abstract: An endoscope inserting direction detecting system receives an endoscopic image, detects an endoscope inserting direction, in which an endoscope should be inserted, on the basis of the endoscopic image and produces information concerning the detected inserting direction. The endoscope inserting direction detecting method includes setting sampling pixels, detecting the direction of a change in brightness in the endoscopic image and evaluating the angles among a plurality of inserting-direction candidates and the direction of the change in brightness.

Abstract: A robotic medical system comprises a medical instrument assembly having a retainer, a serial array of instruments disposed in the retainer, a chamber, and an instrument driver. The robotic medical system further comprises a user interface configured for generating at least one command signal, a drive unit coupled to the first mechanism, second mechanism, and instrument driver, and an electric controller configured, in response to the command signal(s), for directing the drive unit to linearly displace the array of instruments within the retainer, to displace a selected one of the instruments from the retainer into the chamber, and to distally advance the instrument driver within the chamber to engage the selected instrument.

Abstract: A balloon controller for an endoscope apparatus, which expands or shrinks a first balloon attached to an insertion portion of an endoscope by supplying fluid to the first balloon or drawing fluid from the first balloon, and which expands or shrinks a second balloon attached to an insertion assist implement for guiding the insertion portion when the insertion portion is inserted, by supplying fluid to the second balloon or drawing fluid from the second balloon, the balloon controller including a display device which displays an image expressing the states of expansion and shrinkage of the first balloon and the second balloon.

Abstract: In a method to control the movement of an endoscopy capsule in a hollow organ of a patient using a magnet system, a movement signal of the endoscopy capsule in the hollow organ is detected, that represents the time curve of the spatial position. The movement signal is evaluated to identify a periodic signal component thereof, and the frequency of this periodic signal component is identified. The magnet system is operated to exert a force on the endoscopy capsule in the hollow organ that is periodic with the frequency of the periodic signal component, and that is directed opposite to the movement signal.

Abstract: A coil arrangement for contact-free guidance of a magnetic element such as an endoscopy capsule, has a number of individual coils arranged in pairs by which the components of a guidance field are generated. By arranging the individual coils to include coils corresponding to blades at an exterior of a cylindrical surface, the number of degrees of freedom required for guidance can be obtained with fewer individual coils and fewer power amplifiers to operate the coils.

Abstract: Device for automated translational movement of an endoscope through the digestive tract, comprising, at least: (i) pneumatic translational movement means; and (ii) electronic control means, that enable the automated and coordinated method of the translational movement means. The translational movement means include: at least one radial chamber immobilized on the endoscope; at least one bellows-shaped axial chamber connected via one end to the body of the endoscope; at least one radial chamber floating on the endoscope and secured to the second end of the bellows-shaped axial chamber.

Abstract: First and second illumination and image pickup units are provided in the container body having opposite reference view field directions and are respectively freely tilted in an arbitrary direction within predetermined inclination angles from the reference view field direction.

Abstract: A medical instrument includes a flexible catheter, a medical guidewire, and a mechanized guidewire drive assembly. The catheter has a distal end insertable into a body lumen of a patient. The mechanized guidewire drive assembly is adapted for operable engagement with the medical guidewire. The mechanized guidewire drive assembly includes a motor and includes a controller which drives the motor with a driving force. The driving force has a predetermined upper limit.

Abstract: In a method and system for guiding a capsule endoscope, the capsule endoscope contains a rotation sensor that measures a rotary position of the endoscope capsule about at least one fixed capsule axis. A control unit calculates a rotary position of the endoscope capsule from a mechanical movement model, measures the rotary position of the endoscope capsule by means of the rotation sensor, compares the measured rotary position with a rotary position calculated for an essentially identical point in time, and adapts the mechanical movement model on the basis of the comparison.

Abstract: A surgical instrument including a housing, an endoscopic portion, a drive gear, a drive motor, a shift motor and an end effector is disclosed. The endoscopic portion extends distally from the housing and defines a longitudinal axis. The drive gear is disposed at least partially within the housing and is rotatable about a drive gear axis which extends therethrough. The drive gear is selectively movable along the drive gear axis. The drive motor is disposed in mechanical cooperation with the drive gear and is configured to rotate the drive gear. The shift motor is disposed in mechanical cooperation with the drive gear and is configured to move the drive gear along the drive gear axis. The end effector is disposed adjacent a distal portion of the endoscopic portion.

Abstract: An endoscope includes a solid image-pickup device having an image area and an optical black area for performing photoelectric conversion and including a function of varying an amplification ratio, and a first signal clamp circuit clamps the analog output signal that is outputted from the solid image-pickup device to adjust into an input range of the analog signal processing circuit with an analog reference signal which is unaffected by a defective pixel in the optical black area. The clamped signal is processed to extract signal components which are photoelectrically converted by the analog signal processing circuit by the image area. The output signal from the analog signal processing circuit clamps the signal in the optical black area by using output signals of at least the number of pixels larger than the number of pixels in a horizontal direction in the optical black area by the second signal clamp circuit.

Abstract: An endoscopic device comprises: an illuminating unit which emits illuminating light from an endoscope tip portion, and includes a plurality of kinds of light sources different from one another in an emission wavelength; an imaging unit which obtains a pickup image of a region to be observed of a subject radiated with the illuminating light; and the color tone controlling unit which changes a color tone of the illuminating light by changing an output light quantity ratio among the plurality of kinds of light sources.

Abstract: A laryngoscope (10) to assist tracheal intubation on a patient, comprising a body having a handle (14), and a laryngoscope blade (12) extending from the handle (14); a lighting system (21) including a light source integrated in the laryngoscope body and arranged in use to be activated to adopt an operational mode to provide illumination to the patient's throat; control means operative to allow only a single occurrence of the lighting system in the operational mode; and wherein once activated in the operational mode, the lighting system provides illumination for only a limited time.

Abstract: An endoscope inserting direction method includes a first step of receiving endoscopic images time-sequentially, a second step of sampling pixels representing low densities from pixels of each of the endoscopic images which are time-sequentially received in the first step and a third step of determining whether or not number of pixels representing low densities which are sampled in the second step is equal to or larger than predetermined number of pixels. In a fourth step, if the number of pixels representing low densities is determined to be equal to or larger than the predetermined number of pixels in the third step, a position of the barycenter of the pixels representing low densities is obtained, and based on a change in the position of the barycenter of the pixels representing low densities of the time-sequentially received endoscopic images, a direction of a shift in the time-sequentially received plurality of endoscopic images is detected.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus according to an aspect of the invention comprises an imaging unit, a detection unit, a process unit, and a measurement unit. The imaging unit comprises an imaging device and generates a first image having two fields by imaging a subject by performing interlaced driving for the imaging device. The detection unit detects the amount of shake of the first image. The process unit generates a second image from the first image based on the amount of shake. The measurement unit measures the subject based on the second image.

Abstract: A Catheter Guidance Control and Imaging (CGCI) system whereby a magnetic tip attached to a surgical tool is detected, displayed and influenced positionally so as to allow diagnostic and therapeutic procedures to be performed is described. The tools that can be so equipped include catheters, guidewires, and secondary tools such as lasers and balloons. The magnetic tip performs two functions. First, it allows the position and orientation of the tip to be determined by using a radar system such as, for example, a radar range finder or radar imaging system. Incorporating the radar system allows the CGCI apparatus to detect accurately the position, orientation and rotation of the surgical tool embedded in a patient during surgery. In one embodiment, the image generated by the radar is displayed with the operating room imagery equipment such as, for example, X-ray, Fluoroscopy, Ultrasound, MRI, CAT-Scan, PET-Scan, etc.

Abstract: A guiding system includes a capsule-type apparatus and a position controlling apparatus. The capsule-type apparatus includes a permanent magnet, which is fixed to a capsule-shaped casing, and is introduced into a subject. The position controlling apparatus includes a relative position controlling mechanism that changes a relative position between a predetermined axis and the subject, and a magnetic field generating mechanism that forms, in a space in which the subject is laid, a magnetic field that includes at least one of a component of a trapping magnetic field that attracts the permanent magnet to the predetermined axis and a component of a gradient magnetic field that attracts the permanent magnet in a direction same as or opposite to a direction in which the relative position is changed.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus includes an endoscope main body and an assisting drive unit. The endoscope main body includes an endoscope insertion portion having a curving portion on the leading end side thereof, a curving operation portion operating or curving the curving portion, and a curving drive portion driving or curving the curving portion according to an operation force applied to the curving operation portion. The assisting drive unit generates a drive force assisting a curving drive operation to be carried out by the curving drive portion. Curving information regulated at each curving angle corresponding to curving amount of the curving portion is stored previously. The curving amount ?a of the curving portion is detected. The drive force is generated from the assisting drive unit using the curving information corresponding to the detected curving amount ?a.

Abstract: An endoscopic swept-source Fourier Domain optical coherence tomographic system (FDOCT system) for imaging of tissue structure includes a Fourier Domain mode locked (FDML), high speed, narrow line-width, wavelength swept source, an OCT interferometer having a sample arm, a reference arm, a detection arm, and a source arm coupled to the swept source, an endoscopic probe coupled to the sample arm, and a data processing circuit coupled to the detection arm. The swept source includes a long optic fiber functioning as a cavity, a high optical gain lasing module, and a tunable narrow bandwidth bandpass filter for wavelength selection combined to form a unidirectional ring laser cavity, where the tunable narrow bandwidth bandpass filter is driven synchronously with the optical round-trip time of a propagating light wave in the cavity.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to readily initiate an operation of a capsule medical apparatus which is inserted into a subject and executes a predetermined function. In a capsule endoscope 3 according to the present invention, a reed switch 14 connected to a power supply unit and a function executing unit is arranged parallel to a direction of a longitudinal axis t of a capsule-like casing 16 in the substantially cylindrical capsule-like casing 16 of the capsule endoscope 3. A pair of movable electrodes of the reed switch 14 operates according to magnetic induction of a magnetic field of a magnet 6 applied substantially parallel to the direction t of the longitudinal axis of the capsule-like casing 16, and come into contact with each other. As a result, power supply from the power supply unit to the function executing unit is allowed.

Abstract: Systems and methods described herein include those for the continual modification of intestinal microbes. Described herein are systems including sampling devices, analysis devices, computational devices and user interface devices as well as methods for the use of such devices in combination.

Abstract: An electronic endoscope system has a video-scope, an illumination apparatus, an imaging device, and an image synthesizing processor. The illumination apparatus illuminates a normal light and an excitation-light from the video-scope onto an object. The normal light is reflected off the object, and the excitation-light causes the object to emit fluorescence. The imaging device on the video-scope captures a normal image that is formed by the reflected normal light and a fluorescent image that is formed by the fluorescence. The image synthesizing processor synthesizes the normal image and the fluorescent image into a synthesized image. A color signal of the synthesized image is the same as a color signal of the normal image. A luminance signal or the synthesized image is obtained by mixing a luminance signal of the normal image and a luminance signal of the fluorescent image in a predetermined proportion.

Abstract: A source coil drive circuit section of an endoscope shape detection device includes, an oscillator that generates a sine wave and an amplifier that amplifies the sine wave and generates (drives) an alternating magnetic field to source coils through a switch section. The switch section is configured to switch a direct current to an output of the amplifier and supply to the source coils. In the source coil drive circuit section, a direct current resistance value detection section for measuring a direct current resistance value of the source coils by voltage drop when the switch section is supplying the direct current to the source coils is provided.

Abstract: A medical image processing apparatus having an image conversion section including a coordinate-system converting section for converting an image in an orthogonal coordinate system to an image in a polar coordinate system, for geometrically converting a medical image of a tubular part in vivo picked up and obtained by the coordinate-system converting section; a squamocolumnar junction detecting section for detecting a squamocolumnar junction that is a junction between a squamous epithelium and a columnar epithelium on the image of the polar coordinate system; and an analyzing section for comparing an evaluation value for a feature value determined for the detected squamocolumnar junction and a predetermined reference value and calculating an analysis result.

Abstract: An endoscope inserting direction detecting method includes receiving an endoscopic image and judging from the endoscopic image whether or not an endoscope is located too closely to an object of observation. When it is judged that the endoscope is located too closely to the object of observation, information is produced for prompting pull-back of the endoscope. When it is judged that the endoscope is not located too closely to the object of observation, a detecting algorithm is selected and applied according to the endoscopic image from among plural detecting algorithms for detecting an inserting direction of the endoscope.

Abstract: An object is to provide an endoscope system that is capable of cooling photoelectric conversion devices provided in an inserted portion while suppressing an increase in an outer diameter of the inserted portion. An endoscope system employed includes a long, thin inserted portion; photoelectric conversion devices that are mounted at a distal end of the inserted portion; a fluid-feed channel that is provided in the inserted portion and that has a fluid-feed port which opens at the distal end of the inserted portion; a radiator that is connected to an intermediate position of the fluid-feed channel and that is provided in a manner enabling heat exchange with the photoelectric conversion devices; and a fluid-supply-direction switching portion that switches a supply direction of cooling fluid fed by the fluid-feed channel to the fluid-feed port side or to the radiator side.

Abstract: A CPU includes: an original image recording function for recording a still image or a recorded image as an original image; a contrast correction function for performing contrast correction on a still image or a recorded image; a coordinate calculation function for calculating pixel coordinates on an original image which correspond to pixel coordinates designated on a contrast corrected image; a stereo measurement function for performing stereo measurement using pixel coordinates of an original image calculated by the coordinate calculation function; a measurement result reflection function for reflecting on a contrast corrected image a measurement result of stereo measurement performed by the stereo measurement function; and a dynamic range expansion function for enhancing brightness of an image area which is darker than a predetermined threshold. These functions enable stereo measurement to be performed precisely using an image on which image processing has been performed.

Abstract: The endoscope has an elongated insertion portion, an operation portion provided at the rear end of the insertion portion, and a contact-less endoscope exterior body in which no electrical contact is exposed on the outer surface thereof including the insertion portion and the operation portion. Inside the endoscope exterior body, there are disposed an image pickup apparatus for picking up images and a signal processing portion for performing signal processing for the image pickup apparatus. The endoscope comprises a battery of a water-tight structure for supplying power for the image pickup apparatus and the signal processing portion, and a charging apparatus of a water-tight structure for charging the battery with power supplied in a contact-less fashion.

Abstract: An endoscope device of the present invention has an insertion portion capable of attachment and detachment of a plurality of optical adapters. The endoscope device comprises a resistor for detecting attachment and detachment of the optical adapter as well as an attachment and detachment detection portion, a ROM for storing a setting table as a specific set value for each of the plurality of optical adapters, an LCD for displaying a list of the optical adapters on the basis of the setting table, and an operation switch for selecting one optical adapter from the list of the optical adapters.

Abstract: A system that uses a magnetic aperture and electromagnets to configure a magnetic shaped field is described. In one embodiment, the system can be used for guiding a catheter or other devices through a patient's body. In further modification of the system, the waveguide field and field gradient is achieved by the use of varying the electromagnetic wave and its respective flux density axis. In one embodiment, one or more magnetic pole pieces (electromagnet cores) are configured with anisotropic permeability to control the shape of the resulting magnetic field. In one embodiment, the shape and permeability distribution in an electromagnet poleface is configured to produce the desired field distribution. In one embodiment, a number of electromagnets are arranged in a spherical pattern to produce a desired magnetic field in an enclosed spherical region.

Abstract: A treatment system includes a guide component that is used to insert a treatment tool into a body cavity, a tilt sensor that is provided in the guide component and detects an angle of inclination of the treatment tool that has been inserted inside the guide component, an insertion amount sensor that is provided in the guide component and detects an amount that the treatment tool has been inserted inside the guide component, a switching device that switches an observation range of images of an interior of the body cavity that are acquired by an observation device that has been introduced into the body cavity and are then displayed on a display unit, and a system control unit that drives the switching device based on information about the angle of inclination and insertion amount of the treatment tool.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is that the examiner easily picks up a series of images over a desired region in a desired digestive tract without such troublesome examination work that the examiner successively knows the imaging field to the inside of the digestive tract. A body-insertable device system of the invention includes a capsule endoscope 1, a permanent magnet 3, and a position display sheet 2. In the capsule endoscope 1, a imaging unit for picking up the images of the insides of an subject 100, and a magnet are contained in a casing. The capsule endoscope sends a radio signal containing information of the images of the insides of the subject 100 to outside the capsule endoscope. The permanent magnet 3 generates a magnetic field for application to the capsule endoscope 1 in liquid Lq1 having been introduced into the subject 100 and changes at least one of a position and a posture of the capsule endoscope 1 by the magnetic field.

Abstract: In an endoscope control system, endoscope devices capture an image of each inspection site, write endoscope information in a title and/or a text of an electronic mail, and transmit the captured image in the electronic mail which has a captured image management computer of a management center as its distribution destination. The captured image management computer of the management center receives the captured images from the endoscope devices in the electronic mails, and manages them collectively.

Abstract: An objective optical system is provided at a tip end portion of an insertion portion of an endoscope. A plurality of markers capable of transmitting an electromagnetic wave is placed at a target portion in an affected area. Each of the plurality of markers is adapted to transmit at least an information for defining the three-dimensional coordinates of the shape of the target area. At the rear end or the tip end portion of the insertion portion of the endoscope, a sensor is provided for electromagnetically detecting the information defining the three-dimensional coordinates of the shape of the target area and for determining the relative positional relation between the insertion portion and the three-dimensional coordinates of the shape of the target area.

Abstract: An intrabody introduced device comprising: a power storage section for supplying driving power to a function executing section; a detecting section for detecting a supply voltage of the power storage section; and a timing output section for outputting a detection signal for use in detecting the supply voltage using the detecting section at given timing. The detection timing of the supply voltage can be controlled in this manner, and therefore the supply voltage can be detected at timing at which the load of function executing section is low, thereby enabling efficient voltage detection. For example, if the aforementioned timing is synchronized with the blanking period of a picked-up image, a stable voltage measurement is enabled at timing at which the intrabody introduced device applies a low load.

Abstract: A hand operation portion of an endoscope is held by an endoscope holder of a holding device, and an insertion auxiliary member is held by an auxiliary member holder. The endoscope holder and the auxiliary member holder are slidably supported along a guide rail on a stage, and linearly moved toward a mouth of a patient.

Abstract: A system measures a change in position of a medical appliance, such as an endoscopy capsule. A device uses this measurement in order to influence the position of the medical appliance. The medical appliance sends a signal that is received by a multiplicity of spatially separate receiving devices. The time profile of the phase differences between the received signals and a reference signal provides an indication of whether the medical appliance has moved. In the event of a movement being detected, a maneuvering device can be regulated by a regulating means in such a way that the maneuvering device generates forces and/or torques and applies them to the medical appliance to counteract the detected movement.

Abstract: In a coupled control mode, the surgeon directly controls movement of an associated slave manipulator with an input device while indirectly controlling movement of one or more non-associated slave manipulators, in response to commanded motion of the directly controlled slave manipulator, to achieve a secondary objective. By automatically performing secondary tasks through coupled control modes, the system's usability is enhanced by reducing the surgeon's need to switch to another direct mode to manually achieve the desired secondary objective. Thus, coupled control modes allow the surgeon to better focus on performing medical procedures and to pay less attention to managing the system.

Abstract: A video imaging system that minimizes the effect of EMI on the image data, provides a small, lightweight easy to use camera head, permitting interchangeable use of a variety of intelligent camera heads with a single camera control unit, and allows the utilization of new camera heads with new functions as they become available without having to replace the existing CCU.

Abstract: Apparatus for controlling force applied to and for manipulation of a surgical instrument. Movement and/or forces applied to the surgical instrument are preferably sensed within the apparatus. An actuator is preferably used to apply force to the surgical instrument for control and manipulation of the instrument. The apparatus applies variable force feedback to apply force to the surgical instrument in one or more degrees of freedom to provide an enhanced haptic experience to the user.

Abstract: A detecting system of the position and the posture of a capsule medical device includes a main body of the capsule medical device that is inserted in a living body, a coil in a capsule that is arranged to the main body of the capsule medical device and forms a resonant circuit, a magnetic field generating device that is arranged around the living body and generates the Alternating magnetic field for generating an induced magnetic field in the coil in the capsule, and a plurality of magnetic field detecting devices that detect the strength of the induced magnetic field generated by the coil in the capsule by the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus includes an endoscope, a signal processing unit, and a communication unit. The endoscope includes an information storage section including an endoscope information memory and a first controller controlling readout of the information in the endoscope information memory. The endoscope is detachably connected to the signal processing unit, which includes a second controller issuing at least an instruction for a readout operation of the information to the information storage section. Data is transmitted and received between the first controller and the second controller through the communication unit. The endoscope apparatus includes a communication speed setting unit setting the communication speed of the communication unit to a higher communication speed allowable in the first controller and a switching unit switching the communication speed.

Abstract: An endoscope inserting direction detecting method includes receiving an endoscopic image, sampling pixels, which represent high densities, from data of the endoscopic image, defining an approximate expression for providing an approximate state of a distribution of sampling-pixels, evaluating a difference between a state of distribution of the sampling-pixels and a result of an approximation based on the approximate expression, and determining an endoscope inserting direction, in which an endoscope should be inserted, on the basis of a result of and evaluation of the fourth step.

Abstract: A medical system control device comprises a first control unit for controlling at least a power supply to a plurality of devices configuring a medical system, a second control unit, the startup process time of which is longer than the first control unit, for controlling the entire medical system, and a storage unit for storing information at the time of an operation termination process for the medical system, which is performed by the second control unit. The first control unit controls a power supply to a predetermined device among the plurality of devices before the startup process of the second control unit is complete, according to the information stored in the storage unit in response to the power-on of the medical system.

Abstract: The intravital observation apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a capsule endoscope including an illumination section and an image pickup section, a power supply section provided with a battery and a control section, and a control signal generation apparatus disposed outside the capsule endoscope, wherein the control signal generation apparatus is provided with a control signal generation section and a control signal transmitting electrode, and the capsule endoscope is provided with a control signal receiving electrode and a control signal detection section.