Abstract: The present invention relates, in part, to heat transfer and refrigerant compositions and methods that include HFC-32; HFO-1234ze and HFC-125.

Abstract: A refrigerant management system controls the supply of refrigerant from two or more variable speed and fixed speed compressors to a plurality of cryogenic refrigerators. The system employs a plurality of sensors to monitor and regulate the overall refrigerant supply to deliver an appropriate refrigerant supply to each of the cryogenic refrigerators. The amount of refrigerant to supply is based on an aggregate demand for refrigerant from the plurality of cryogenic refrigerators and a refrigerant correction metric. An appropriate supply of refrigerant is distributed to each cryogenic refrigerator by adjusting the speed of the variable speed compressors or, alternatively, selectively turning the compressors on or off. The speed of the variable speed compressors is adjusted by determining an amount of refrigerant to supply to the plurality of cryogenic refrigerators.

Abstract: A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus, which includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator, has a refrigeration cycle configured by these components being connected by a refrigerant pipe, and uses a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture as a refrigerant circulating through the refrigeration cycle, includes operating state detection means which detect a pressure of the refrigerant at the compressor, a temperature of the refrigerant at the compressor, and a rotation speed of the compressor, output detection means which detects an output of the compressor, and composition detection means which calculates a correlation between the pressure of the refrigerant at the compressor, the temperature of the refrigerant at the compressor, the rotation speed of the compressor, the output of the compressor, and a refrigerant composition and retains data indicating the correlation.

Abstract: A method of controlling a refrigerated merchandiser including a plurality of display case modules each having a separate refrigeration circuit with a compressor and an evaporator. The method includes selectively starting and stopping a first compressor of a first refrigeration circuit having a first evaporator associated with a first display case module to regulate a temperature in a product display area of the first display case module, and selectively starting and stopping a second compressor of a second refrigeration circuit having a second evaporator associated with a second display case module to regulate a temperature in a product display area of the second display case module. The method also includes controlling the first refrigeration module and the second refrigeration module based on a heat load of the merchandiser and a predetermined number of start/stop cycles of each of the first compressor and the second compressor within a given time period.

Abstract: A system and method for calculating parameters for a refrigeration system having a variable speed compressor is provided. A compressor is connected to a condenser and an evaporator. An evaporator sensor outputs an evaporator signal corresponding to at least one of an evaporator pressure and an evaporator temperature. An inverter drive modulates electric power delivered to the compressor to modulate a speed of the compressor. A control module is connected to the inverter drive that receives the evaporator signal. The control module monitors electrical power data and compressor speed data from the inverter drive and calculates at least one of a condenser temperature and a condenser pressure based on the evaporator signal, the electrical power data, and the compressor speed data.

Abstract: A method for controlling operation of a vapour compression system (1), and a vapour compression system (1) are disclosed. The vapour compression system (1) comprises a compressor (2), a heat rejecting heat exchanger (3), a controllable valve (4), a receiver (5), at least one expansion device and at least one evaporator arranged along a refrigerant path having refrigerant flowing therein. The vapour compression system (1) is capable of being operated in a subcritical control regime as well as in a supercritical control regime.

Abstract: A heat pump and a control method thereof, the control method of the heat pump which heats a heated space through heat exchange between outdoor air and a refrigerant and heat exchange between the refrigerant and circulation water, includes calculating the maximum allowable frequency of a compressor based on the temperature of the outdoor air and the heating load of the heated space, calculating the mean operating frequency of the compressor while the compressor is operated at the calculated maximum allowable frequency, recalculating the maximum allowable frequency based on a result of comparison between the mean operating frequency and the maximum allowable frequency, and operating the compressor at the recalculated maximum allowable frequency, thereby improving coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump.

Abstract: A cooling device is disclosed for cooling a superconductor, wherein the cooling device includes a linear compressor for compressing a working medium and a cooling unit for providing a cooling power to a cryogenic coolant of the superconductor by expanding the working medium. The linear compressor includes two pistons of which at least one, preferably both synchronously relative to each other, are displaceable at a frequency and a stroke linear to the other piston, wherein a defined cooling power can be generated at a good efficiency so that the cooling device is suitable for use particularly in mobile installations, such as ships. To this end, according to at least one embodiment of the invention, the stroke of the at least one displaceable piston is controlled at a preferably prescribed target value.

Abstract: A binary composition of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and ammonia, as well as to the use thereof, in particular as a heat-transfer fluid. The composition may include from 40% to 99% of ammonia and from 1% to 60% of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; preferably from 60% to 98% of ammonia and from 2% to 40% of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; preferably from 70% to 95% of ammonia and from 5% to 30% of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; preferably from 75% to 90% of ammonia and from 10% to 25% of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene; preferably from 78% to 85% of ammonia and from 15% to 22% of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. The 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene may be in the cis form or in the trans form or is a mixture of cis form and trans form and in which, preferably, at least 80% or at least 90% or at least 95% or at least 98% or at least 99% of the 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene is in the trans form.

Abstract: A thermal management system is provided for a vehicle having an electric traction motor. The system includes a coolant system configured to convey coolant through a first thermal load, a refrigerant circuit including a condenser and a compressor configured to compress a refrigerant, a control system and a sensor. The refrigerant circuit is configured to cool at least one second thermal load. The sensor is configured to send signals to the control system that are indicative of a temperature of the first thermal load. The control system is configured to control an outlet pressure of the compressor based on the signals.

Abstract: A vehicular heat pump system may have two inside heat exchangers within an HVAC module, and may operate in mild cooling and mild heating modes. In mild cooling mode, a first isolation valve and a second isolation valve are fully open and closed, respectively, to direct the refrigerant flow to the first inside heat exchanger only. In mild heating mode, the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are fully closed and fully open, respectively, to direct the refrigerant flow to the second inside heat exchanger only. In both modes, a first metering device is partially open to control the flow and expansion of the refrigerant, and a second metering device is fully closed to prevent the refrigerant from flowing between the inside heat exchangers. This staged operation of the heat pump system may reduce the risk of flash fog as well as reduce discharge air temperature spreads.

Abstract: A flow control valve includes a housing forming internal passages in fluid communication with a port of the valve, and an internal cavity. A flow direction block is disposed in the internal cavity and forms at least one flow passage extending through a portion thereof. The flow direction block is moveable within the internal cavity such that the free ends of the least one flow passage can be selectively aligned with a respective internal passage along an interface as the flow direction block is moved from a first, closed position to a second, open position. A seal is disposed around each interface and includes an internal face, which presses against an outer surface of the flow direction block, and an external face, which presses against the housing. Sealing function is improved, at least in part, by a differential fluid pressure that acts on the seal.

Abstract: A fluid injector includes a cavity in the fluid injector configured to receive a container of fluid to be injected by the injector; a controller configured to control the fluid injector, the controller further configured to monitor a condition of the fluid in the container and modify the operation of the fluid injector based on the condition of the fluid in the container; a valve assembly configured to control fluid from entering and leaving the fluid injector, the valve assembly operatively connected to the controller to be controlled by the controller; a sensor operatively connected to the controller and configured to sense at least one of an amount of fluid in the container and an amount of fluid exiting the container; and an input device configured to input to the controller how much fluid should leave the fluid injector.

Abstract: A composition including 2,4,4,4-10-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene, and also the use thereof in particular as a heat transfer fluid. The composition may include: from 1% to 99% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 1% to 99% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene; preferably from 5% to 70% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 30% to 95% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene; preferably from 20% to 65% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 35% to 80% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene; preferably from 25% to 60% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 40% to 75% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene; preferably from 28% to 51% of 2,4,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene and from 49% to 72% of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobut-2-ene.

Abstract: An ejector (200; 300; 400) has a primary inlet (40), a secondary inlet (42), and an outlet (44). A primary flowpath extends from the primary inlet to the outlet. A secondary flowpath extends from the secondary inlet to the outlet. A mixer convergent section (114) is downstream of the secondary inlet. A motive nozzle (100) surrounds the primary flowpath upstream of a junction with the secondary flowpath to pass a motive flow. The motive nozzle has an exit (110). The ejector has surfaces (258, 260) positioned to introduce swirl to the motive flow.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger arrangement for heating of air, with a heat exchanger (8) which is integrated into a refrigerant circuit (60), configured to be able to have refrigerant flow through it and able to be impinged on by air. The heat is transferred from the refrigerant to the air. The heat exchanger (8) exhibits two components (8a, 8b) configured to be segregated from each other. The first component (8a) is configured with a condensation surface and a heat-removal surface. The second component (8b) exhibits a supercooling surface. Between the components (8a, 8b) on the refrigerant side, a refrigerant phase separation element is placed. The heat exchanger is configured as a tubular heat exchanger with tubes situated in rows, wherein the first component (8a) is configured with at least two rows and the second component (8b) with at least one row.

Abstract: The invention relates to an air conditioning system for conditioning the air of a passenger space of a motor vehicle, the system including a refrigerant circuit with a compressor, a first heat exchanger for the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the environment and a second heat exchanger for supplying heat from the refrigerant to the air supply to be conditioned for the passenger space. The refrigerant circuit further includes, in the flow direction of the refrigerant after the compressor, a valve arrangement. The valve arrangement comprises a branch, a first valve arranged between the branch and the second heat exchanger, and a second valve arranged between the branch and the first heat exchanger. The first valve is designed with a normally open (NO) valve characteristic and the second valve with a normally closed (NC) valve characteristic.

Abstract: An air conditioning system comprises a housing defining a first airflow path therein between an outside air inlet over a cooling coil and an outlet for delivering outside air from said outside air inlet over said coil to the outlet, a second airflow path between a return air inlet over the cooling coil and to the outlet for delivering return air over the cooling coil, and a third airflow path between the return air inlet and the outlet for delivering return air through the housing without passing over the cooling coil. The system includes outside, return, and bypass air dampers that are sequentially moveable between open and closed positions for directing air through or preventing air from entering the first, second, and third airflow paths, respectively. A controller independently controls the opening and closing of each damper in response to data received from the sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane for increasing the miscibility of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene with a lubricating oil, and in particular with a polyalkylene glycol oil. In this regard, the invention provides heat-transfer compositions and also equipment and processes using these compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to refrigerant compositions containing trans-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233zd(E)) useful for chiller applications and processes using 1233zd(E).

Abstract: A heat pump system for a vehicle may include a cooling apparatus that supplies and circulates coolant to a motor and an electrical equipment through a cooling line, wherein the cooling apparatus includes a radiator, a cooling fan that ventilates wind to the radiator, and a water pump connected to the cooling line, and an air conditioner apparatus connected through a refrigerant line, wherein the air conditioner apparatus includes a water-cooled condenser connected to the cooling line to change a temperature of the coolant using a waste heat that has occurred in the motor and the electrical equipment according to each mode of the vehicle and that is connected to the refrigerant line to enable an injected refrigerant in the refrigerant line to exchange a heat with the coolant at the inside thereof, and an air-cooled condenser connected in series to the water-cooled condenser through the refrigerant line.

Abstract: A climate control device for conditioning the climate of a plurality of components and an interior of an electric vehicle, the climate control device having a plurality of fluid circuit units, which are configured to heat and/or cool the electric vehicle, a first fluid circuit unit being configured to control the climate of a first component of the electric vehicle, a second fluid circuit unit being configured to control the climate of the interior of the electric vehicle, a coolant circuit being configured to control the climate and dehumidify the interior of the electric vehicle, and a third fluid circuit unit being configured to utilize the waste heat of the second heat source.

Abstract: A refrigerant vapor compression system and method of operation are disclosed wherein the first (30a) and second (30b) compression stages of a two stage compression device are selectively configurable in a first arrangement and a second arrangement. In the first arrangement, the first and second compression stages operate in a series refrigerant flow relationship. In the second arrangement, the first and second compression stages (30a), (30b) operate in a parallel refrigerant flow relationship.

Abstract: A transcritical R-744 refrigeration system with an energy efficiency ratio of a level comparable to that of refrigeration systems using common refrigerants by mechanically subcooling of the R-744 refrigerant. Mechanical subcooling increases the refrigeration capacity without increasing the power consumption of the refrigeration system's compressors. The compressors used to provide the refrigeration capacity for the subcooling process operate at much more favorable conditions, therefore have a very high energy efficiency ratio. The result is higher refrigeration capacity and lower power consumption.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide high-efficiency cooling in a data center in response to a cooling and/or humidity demand using a system having multiple cooling loops to allow for a higher chilled liquid temperature of a first chilled liquid loop, while maintaining data center room temperature and humidity control. Specifically, the system includes a plurality of integrated cooling systems each comprising one or more specifically sized chillers and a liquid loop to address the cooling demand. A free cooling heat exchanger is coupled to the first liquid loop for use when a wet-bulb temperature surrounding the data center is at or below a free cooling set point of the first chilled liquid loop. The system isolates humidity control components to a second chilled liquid loop, and enables greater control of the first chilled liquid loop of the data center to meet specific IT loads.

Abstract: A heat pump dryer is provided which includes a process air circuit and a heat pump unit having a primary refrigerant evaporator for cooling process air, a primary refrigerant condenser for heating process air, an auxiliary refrigerant evaporator arranged outside the process air circuit and connected between the primary refrigerant evaporator and a compressor of the heat pump unit, and at least one auxiliary fan adapted to impinge an air stream at the auxiliary refrigerant evaporator. At least one waste heat generating component of the heat pump dryer, the auxiliary refrigerant evaporator and the auxiliary fan are mutually arranged so that the auxiliary fan is adapted to impinge ambient air heated up by heat released from said waste heat generating component at the auxiliary evaporator, and/or at least a temperature sensor is arranged outside the process air circuit and provided for detecting the temperature of the ambient air around the location where the auxiliary refrigerant evaporator is arranged.

Abstract: A system and method for a compressor includes a compressor connected to an evaporator, a suction sensor that outputs a suction temperature signal corresponding to a suction temperature of refrigerant entering the compressor, and a control module connected to the suction sensor. The control module determines a saturated evaporator temperature, calculates a suction superheat temperature based on the saturated evaporator temperature and the suction temperature, and monitors a floodback condition of the compressor by comparing the suction superheat temperature with a predetermined threshold. When the suction superheat temperature is less than or equal to the predetermined threshold, the control module increases a speed of the compressor or decreases an opening of an expansion valve associated with the compressor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of conditioning a condensate generated in the compression section of a gas purification unit. The invention also relates to system for this method.

Abstract: A composition based on 3,3,3-trifluoropropene and ammonia, and to the use thereof, especially as a heat transfer fluid. A heat-transfer composition including the composition based on 3,3,3-trifluoropropene and ammonia and also one or more additives chosen from lubricants, stabilizers, surfactants, tracers, fluorescers, odorant agents and solubilizers, and mixtures thereof. A process for heating or cooling a fluid or a body by means of a vapor compression circuit containing a heat-transfer fluid, said process successively including evaporation of the heat-transfer fluid, compression of the heat-transfer fluid, condensation of the heat fluid and depressurization of the heat-transfer fluid, in which the heat-transfer fluid is a composition based on 3,3,3-trifluoropropene and ammonia.

Abstract: A power supply system for a transport refrigeration system (20) includes an engine (26) coupled to a compressor (32) of a refrigeration unit for direct drive powering the compressor (32) and a generator (24) arranged to also be direct driven by the engine (26) for generating electric power. The generator (24) and the compressor (32) are mounted to a common drive shaft (25) driven by the engine (26), and the generator (24) may be integrated with the compressor (32). The power supply system may further include an alternator (50) arranged to be belt driven by the engine (26) for generating DC electric power. A battery pack (28) may be provided for storing and supplying additional DC power. During peak load demand on the refrigeration unit (20), the engine (26) may be operated with the generator (24) switched off to directly drive the compressor (32) and direct current may be drawn from the battery pack (28) to drive the condenser/gas cooler and evaporator fans (40, 44).

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an economizer circuit is provided. The economizer circuit includes a valve to regulate refrigerant flow between the economizer and the compressor. The valve can be opened to engage the economizer circuit or closed to disengage the economizer circuit based on the output frequency provided to the compressor motor by a variable speed drive and an operating condition of the economizer.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for a mine that operates in a mine environment. A condenser. A refuge system for protecting users from a toxic environment. The system comprises a refuge shelter. An evaporator. A method for cooling a refuge shelter. An inflatable chamber having an airlock, the airlock includes a tube that extends from the chamber's outer surface into the chamber's interior.

Abstract: A specially designed electronic expansion valve control system is provided for use with a refrigerant-based air conditioning circuit having a compressor, a condenser coil, an electronic expansion valve and an evaporator coil fluid coupled in series. The control system includes a unit control and an expansion valve control. The unit control is operative to receive compressor operation-related signal information and responsively generate at least one output signal representative of the received compressor operation-related signal information. The expansion valve control is operative to receive from the unit control only the at least one output signal, and to receive from one of the coils coil operation-related signal information, and to responsively output a control useable to control the expansion valve, the control signal being related in a predetermined manner to the signals received by the expansion valve control.

Abstract: A heat exchanger has an upper region, a lower region disposed vertically lower than the upper region, and a passive charge management device. The passive charge management device has an internal volume, an upper tube connecting the internal volume to at least one of the upper region and the lower region at a first vertical height, and a lower tube connecting the internal volume to at least one of the upper region and the lower region at a second vertical height that is vertically lower than the first vertical height.

Abstract: An appliance includes an appliance housing, an interface adapted to receive power information, a plurality of sensors for sensing environmental conditions, a plurality of controls for controlling operations of the appliance, and an intelligent control. The intelligent control is disposed within the appliance housing and operatively connected to the interface and the plurality of sensors and adapted to dynamically select control values associated with the plurality of controls based on at least one of the power information, the environmental conditions, or a combination thereof to increase energy efficiency of the appliance.

Abstract: A system and method of cooling a compressed working fluid is disclosed. The method includes compressing the working fluid above its critical pressure point in a compression stage to generate a compressed working fluid at or about local ambient temperature. The compressed working fluid can be cooled to below ambient by throttling a portion of the compressed working fluid to its saturated liquid-vapor state to generate a recycle working fluid. The recycle working fluid may then be atomized using an atomizing nozzle whereby the recycle working fluid evaporates and cools working fluid entering a target compression stage.

Abstract: A refrigerating apparatus for keeping an inside of a storage at a predetermined low-temperature state includes first and second refrigerant circuits including compressors, condensers, decompressors, and evaporators, connected circularly with pipings to form refrigerating cycles, the circuit having a first or second refrigerant sealed therein as a working refrigerant, a first sensor which detects a temperature of a cascade condenser constituted by integrating the evaporator of the first refrigerant circuit and the condenser of the second refrigerant circuit in a heat exchangeable manner, first and second controllers which control operation performances of the first and second compressors in a variable manner based on first and second sensor detected temperatures in order that the first and second sensor detected temperatures are first and second temperatures, respectively, and a second sensor which detects a temperature inside the storage.

Abstract: A refrigerant circuit of an air conditioning system for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle having a primary circuit having a compressor configured to compress a refrigerant, a first heat exchanger in fluid communication with the compressor and configured to transfer heat between a refrigerant and the environment, a first expansion element in fluid communication with the first heat exchanger, and a second heat exchanger in fluid communication with the first expansion element and the compressor, the second heat exchanger configured to dehumidify intake air of the passenger compartment and a secondary circuit having a first flow pathway and a second flow pathway, the first flow pathway having a third heat exchanger in fluid communication with the compressor and configured to transfer heat from the refrigerant to the passenger compartment and a second expansion element in fluid communication with the third heat exchanger, and a third expansion element.

Abstract: A refrigerant system according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes a outdoor heat exchanger performing heat exchange between outdoor air and a refrigerant; a compressor compressing the refrigerant; an indoor heat exchanger performing heat exchange between indoor air and the refrigerant; an expansion portion expanding the refrigerant; and a refrigerant pipe connecting the outdoor heat exchanger, the compressor, the indoor heat exchanger and the expansion portion to form a refrigerant cycle, wherein the outdoor heat exchanger includes a refrigerant storage portion storing the refrigerant to control flowing refrigerant amount on the refrigerant cycle.

Abstract: A method of regulating thermal dissipation from a vehicle battery pack is provided in which a by-pass valve is used to control the amount of battery pack coolant either passing through, or by-passing, a heat exchanger, where the coolant passing through the heat exchanger is cooled by a refrigeration system. The vehicle's HVAC system is controlled to insure that HVAC operation does not compromise maintaining the battery pack within an acceptable range of temperatures.

Abstract: A heat pump is provided having a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger. A compressor is fluidly coupled to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. A reversing valve is fluidly coupled between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. The reversing valve is adapted to flow of a refrigerant from the compressor to the first heat exchanger during heating mode and to the second heat exchanger during a cooling mode. A thermal expansion valve is positioned between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. An electronic expansion valve is positioned between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. A controller is electrically coupled to operate the electronic expansion valve between a fully open, a fully closed and a modulated position depending on the operation of the compressor.

Abstract: A space conditioning system includes a hot gas reheat section and one or more modulating valves to direct a percentage of refrigerant flow to the hot gas reheat section. The hot gas reheat section includes multiple refrigerant circuits arranged in parallel. A control valve is used to allow the refrigerant to flow through selected ones of the multiple refrigerant circuits in response to the percentage of refrigerant flow directed to the hot gas reheat section, thereby varying the internal volume of the hot gas reheat section available to the refrigerant. Refrigerant charge hold-up within the hot gas reheat section can thereby be minimized.

Abstract: Refrigeration systems with a purge for removing non-condensables from an environmentally-suitable chiller refrigerant are provided. The refrigeration systems utilize an environmentally-suitable chiller refrigerant with a 100 year direct global warming potential (GWP) of less than 150. The refrigeration systems further include a remover to remove refrigerant-harmful gases from the chiller refrigerant.

Abstract: A refrigeration system (2) comprises a condenser/gas cooler (4), an intermediate expansion device (6) and a refrigerant collecting container (8); a normal refrigeration branch (10) connecting the refrigerant collecting container (8) to the condenser/gas cooler (4) said normal refrigeration branch (12) comprising a first expansion device (12), a first evaporator (14) and a compressor unit (16) of the normal refrigeration branch (10); a freezing branch (18) connecting the refrigerant collecting container (8) to the condenser/gas cooler (4), said freezing branch (18) comprising a second expansion device (20), a second evaporator (22), and a first compressor unit (24) and a second compressor unit (26) of said freezing branch (18), the first and second compressor units (24, 26) of the freezing branch (18) being connected in series.

Abstract: A refrigerant vapor compression system includes a flash tank economizer and a refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger economizer disposed in series refrigerant flow relationship in the refrigerant circuit intermediate a refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger and a refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger. A primary expansion valve disposed in the refrigerant circuit in operative association with and upstream of the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger and an economizer expansion valve disposed in the refrigerant circuit in operative association and upstream of the flash tank economizer provide a two-step expansion process for expanding refrigerant passing through the refrigerant circuit from the refrigerant heat rejection heat exchanger to the refrigerant heat absorption heat exchanger.

Abstract: A control system for controlling a refrigeration system having an operating point, comprising: a memory configured to store a relationship of at least an evaporator efficiency, an evaporator heat load, a refrigerant amount in the evaporator, and a variable dependent on a non-volatile liquid mixed with refrigerant in the evaporator an input port configured to receive a signal corresponding to at least a measured evaporator heat load during operation; an output port configured to present an output to selectively alter an operating point of the evaporator, by altering the refrigerant amount in the evaporator and thereby changing the variable; and a processor, configured to receive the signal, access the memory; and generate the output to selectively move toward an optimum operating point. A corresponding method and refrigeration system are provided.

Abstract: A method for limiting the adverse effects of temperature on the electrical energy storage system (ESS) of an electric vehicle after the vehicle has been turned off is provided. In general, whether or not coolant is circulated through a coolant loop coupled to the ESS depends on the difference between the ambient temperature and a preset temperature, the preset temperature typically corresponding to the temperature of the ESS.

Abstract: A flash tank for use in a vapor compression system includes a flash tank housing, an inlet, a vapor outlet, a liquid outlet, and an eliminator. The eliminator is fluidically positioned between the inlet and the vapor outlet. The eliminator includes either a plurality of blades or a piccolo tube connected to the vapor outlet.

Abstract: A system and method to retrofit a building structure having a forced air cooling system with a thermal storage system. The method typically includes the steps of installing a coolant loop that is free of a compressor, and a condenser, where the coolant loop comprises a refrigerant fluid pump and refrigerant fluid conduits that deliver coolant loop refrigerant fluid to a coolant loop evaporator spaced within a building air cooling passageway that delivers air to at least a portion of the interior volume of the a building structure and in thermal communication with air passing through the passageway and where the coolant loop is in thermal communication with a thermal energy storage material within a thermal energy thermal storage fluid tank; and activating the coolant loop pump to provide cooling to the coolant loop evaporator thereby cooling air moving in the building air passageway of a building structure.

Abstract: A method for selectively transferring latent and sensible heat from air in a cooling system of a building structure interior volume that includes at least the steps of: (1) providing a building structure air conditioning system that provides cooling to at least a portion of the interior volume of a building structure and (2) adjusting a ratio of a time coolant flows through the first evaporator to a time coolant flows through the second evaporator such that coolant flows through the first evaporator for more time than the second evaporator when more latent heat is removed from the air and more coolant flows through the second evaporator for more time than the first evaporator when more sensible heat is removed from the air.