Abstract: This disclosure provides an integrated thermal management system and methods for managing the cooling of electrical devices and components and the heating and cooling of the passengers' compartment in a hybrid or full electric vehicle to reduce the cost and volume of such systems.

Abstract: An apparatus for simultaneous heating and cooling includes a heating system and a cooling system, each having a plurality of heat exchangers coupled by a refrigerant circulation system, the refrigerant transfer system having refrigerant flow selection means for controlling the flow of heat-carrying refrigerant, whereby a refrigerant flow selection means selectively routs refrigerant flow between heating and cooling system heat exchangers selected by the flow selection means. The apparatus includes embodiments wherein the heating system heat exchangers comprise a condenser and a vessel containing water, the cooling system heat exchangers comprise an evaporator and a vessel containing water, and refrigerant flow paths are selected by a plurality of valves that select heat exchangers. The apparatus further includes an air handling system for moving air so as to be in thermal contact with selected heat exchangers, whereby air having moisture is dried.

Abstract: A hot gas heat treat system is employed to cool mix in a hopper and a freezing cylinder and to heat the mix for pasteurization. A hopper liquid line solenoid valve at the inlet of the hopper and a cylinder liquid line solenoid valve at the inlet of the freezing cylinder each control the flow of refrigerant to the expansion valves which further control the flow of refrigerant that flows around the hopper and the freezing cylinder, respectively. A hopper hot gas solenoid valve at the inlet of the hopper and a cylinder hot gas solenoid valve at the inlet of the freezing cylinder control the flow of refrigerant from the compressor that flows around the hopper and the freezing cylinder. The system further includes a hot gas bypass valve that is opened when only the hopper is being cooled to provide additional load to the compressor. An EPR valve is positioned proximate to the hopper discharge to vary the temperature of the refrigerant exchanging heat with the hopper.

Abstract: A heat pump system for raising the temperature of a fluid includes a compressor for compressing a working fluid; a desuperheater heat exchanger provided with an inlet and outlet for a fluid to be heated and an inlet and outlet for the working fluid, the working fluid inlet being communicated with an outlet from the compressor; a condenser heat exchanger provided with an inlet and outlet for the fluid to be heated and an inlet and outlet for the working fluid, the condenser heat exchanger fluid outlet being communicated directly with the desuperheater heat exchanger fluid inlet, and the condenser heat exchanger working fluid inlet being communicated directly with the desuperheater heat exchanger working fluid outlet; and an evaporator with an inlet communicated with the condenser heat exchanger working fluid outlet, and an outlet communicated with an inlet to the compressor.

Abstract: A hot gas heat treat system is employed to cool mix in a hopper and a freezing cylinder and to heat the mix for pasteurization. A hopper liquid line solenoid valve at the inlet of the hopper and a cylinder liquid line solenoid valve at the inlet of the freezing cylinder each control the flow of refrigerant to the expansion valves which further control the flow of refrigerant that flows around the hopper and the freezing cylinder, respectively. A hopper hot gas solenoid valve at the inlet of the hopper and a cylinder hot gas solenoid valve at the inlet of the freezing cylinder control the flow of refrigerant from the compressor that flows around the hopper and the freezing cylinder. The system further includes a hot gas bypass valve that is opened when only the hopper is being cooled to provide additional load to the compressor. An EPR valve is positioned proximate to the hopper discharge to vary the temperature of the refrigerant exchanging heat with the hopper.

Abstract: A cold-storage appliance (2) includes an open-topped insulating container (16) defining an external surface; an insulating lid (22) adapted to close the open top of the container (16); a cooling means (24) adapted to cool the interior of the container (16); and a structure (4, 6) supporting the container (16), the lid (22) and the cooling means; wherein the container (16) is mounted to the structure (4) for movement relative to the structure (6) and the lid (22) to open the container (16) and afford access to its interior or to close the container (16). A circulating fan (340) or a heater (346) creating air currents to warm the external surface of the bin (16) warming of the external surfaces using heating elements (380).

Abstract: An exhaust-heat utilization system is constructed which can achieve energy saving of semiconductor manufacturing facilities by reusing a warmed cooling-water, as a heating source, exhausted from semiconductor manufacturing apparatuses. Supply a low-temperature cooling-water having a temperature substantially equal to a room temperature to the semiconductor manufacturing apparatuses (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) through a low-temperature cooling-water line (12). Supply a medium-temperature cooling-water to the semiconductor manufacturing apparatus (8) through a medium-temperature cooling-water supply line (30), the medium-temperature cooling-water being exhausted from the semiconductor manufacturing apparatuses and having a temperature higher than the room temperature.

Abstract: A first, optional second, optional third air conditioning systems employing air condensers and/or water condensers, coupled to a water source are disclosed. The water source includes a water to air heat exchanger, which is not coupled to nor provides cooling to either a habitable interior space or an attic.

Abstract: There are many heat sources on the earth, and those heat sources radiate heat continuously. Though some of such heat sources are utilized with heat exchange technologies now, they can't deliver power to us effectively. In addition, though external combustion engines can utilize the heat generated from fuel combustion, they let out much carbon dioxide at the same time. This invention has solved above problem. In this invention, the driving energy for the external combustion engine (2) comes from the heat ventilation part/absorption part of the heat pump (1); wherein said heat pump (1) is a metal oxide heat pump (11), and said external combustion engine is a Sterling Engine (21) or a thermo-metal engine (22).

Abstract: A cooling device with a subcooling system is disclosed, where the cooling device has a closed loop refrigerant cycle containing a refrigerant, including a heat exchanger communicating with the closed loop refrigerant cycle and communicating with a fluid, the heat exchanger configured to selectively receive and cool the refrigerant from the closed loop refrigerant cycle when the refrigerant temperature is greater than the coolant temperature; and a fluid receiving device configured to receive the fluid that is warmed in the heat exchanger. A modular system for providing a refrigerant to a cooling device at an installation location is also disclosed and includes a transportable enclosure having at least one compressor, a condenser and a piping system for conveying the refrigerant in a closed loop cycle, where the piping system includes portions configured to be coupled to the cooling device at the installation location.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for cooling, having a loop (60) carrying a refrigerant, a first heat exchanger (10) for outputting heat to a heat reservoir (12), a second heat exchanger (114) for extracting heat from a chamber (116) to be cooled, a compressor (18) and an expansion device (120), wherein in that a first further heat exchanger (70) is provided, which enables a heat transfer between the loop (60) carrying the refrigerant and a coolant loop (80). The invention also relates to a method for cooling.

Abstract: A vapor compression system includes a first circuit having a first compressor and a first condenser; a second circuit having a second compressor and a second condenser; an evaporator communicated with the first circuit and the second circuit for cooling a stream of air to provide a cooled air stream; and an air reheat circuit communicated with the cooled air stream and one circuit of the first circuit and the second circuit for exposing the cooled air stream to heat transfer interaction with refrigerant from the one circuit to control humidity of the air stream. Humidity control is provided in a cost-effective manner, reducing system complexity, improving part- and full-load performance, extending operating range, and enhancing reliability.

Abstract: A vapor compression system includes a vapor compression circuit including a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device and an evaporator communicated along refrigerant conveying lines; an evaporator air reheat circuit communicated with the vapor compression circuit for reheating air from the evaporator; and a refrigerant subcooling circuit communicated with the vapor compression circuit for subcooling refrigerant from the condenser, whereby humidity in the air from the evaporator can be controlled while system efficiency is maintained by the refrigerant subcooling circuit. The system further enhances system unloading capability, and part-load operation and reliability are also enhanced.

Abstract: A cooling device with a subcooling system is disclosed, where the cooling device has a closed loop refrigerant cycle containing a refrigerant, including a heat exchanger communicating with the closed loop refrigerant cycle and communicating with a fluid, the heat exchanger configured to selectively receive and cool the refrigerant from the closed loop refrigerant cycle when the refrigerant temperature is greater than the coolant temperature; and a fluid receiving device configured to receive the fluid that is warmed in the heat exchanger.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for energy effective regulation of temperature and ventilation of one or more ventilation units of buildings, where one or more heat-pumps are used to exchange thermal energy between outdoor air and an indoor heat carrying fluid medium and where the heating and/or cooling of each ventilation units are achieved by distributing the indoor heat carrying fluid medium in each ventilation units, in such a manner that the natural short term variations in outdoor temperature due to passages of weather systems and the day/night variations is utilized to give the one or more heat-pumps optimized conditions such that they are only turned on for extracting outdoor heat which is delivered to the indoor heat carrying and distributing fluid medium at the relative warm periods in the case of warming the buildings, or only in the relative cold periods for cooling the heat carrying and distributing fluid medium for removal of indoor heat in the case of cooling the buildings, and

Abstract: In a heat pump apparatus that having a refrigerating cycle including a compressor 1, a gas cooler 3, a pressure reducing device 5 and an evaporator 7 and is designed so that water can be heated by the gas cooler, refrigerant such as CO2 or the like working in a supercritical area is filled and used at a high-pressure side in the refrigerating cycle and a radiator 21 is equipped between the exit of the gas cooler and the pressure reducing device. The refrigerant temperature at the exit of the radiator is kept to a substantially fixed temperature irrespective of the temperature of hot water to the gas cooler.

Abstract: A five element refrigeration system whereby heating and cooling functions of the system can be accomplished as in a reverse cycle system without needing to reverse the flow of the liquid through the system. The system comprises a refrigerant compressor, a pair of air side heat exchangers, an air blower to provide circulation for the air side heat exchangers, a pair of water side heat exchangers, and a reservoir to provide cooling water for the water side heat exchangers. The refrigerant compressor increases the pressure of a refrigerant flowing through it, causing it to circulate through the first air side heat exchanger, or a reheat coil. The refrigerant continues to the first water side heat exchanger, which acts as a condenser. In a cooling mode, the refrigerant continues to the second air side heat exchanger, which acts as an evaporator. In a heating mode, the refrigerant continues to the second water side heat exchanger, which acts as an evaporator.

Abstract: A liquid air conditioner of geothermal energy type, wherein comprises a heat collector (1) of geothermal energy type, a heat exchanger (2), an energy lift device (3), a discharging pump (4), a returning pump (5), an air conditioner (6); said energy lift device consisting of a heating cycle (30) and a heat exchanging cycle (38), said two cycles are sequentially connected through pipelines by a compressor (31), a condenser (32), a liquid reservoir (33), a drying filter (34), a restriction choke (35), an evaporator (36) and a gas-liquid separator (37); Discharging tube (32a) of the heat exchanging cycle connects with air conditioner (6). Returning tube (103) of air conditioner connecting to a liquid inlet tube (32b) of heat exchanging cycle (38); discharging tube (36a) of the heat exchanging cycle connecting to a returning tube (22b); discharging tube (22a) of said heat exchanger (2) connecting to liquid inlet tube (36b); is used for in-door cooling and heating.

Abstract: An air conditioner including a compressor compressing a refrigerant to produce a high temperature gaseous refrigerant, a hot water producing device producing hot water by performing a heat exchanging process whereby heat is transferred from the high temperature refrigerant fed from the compressor to water, an outdoor heat exchanger performing a heat exchanging process whereby heat is transferred between the refrigerant and outside air, and a hot/cold water producing device producing hot water by performing a heat exchanging process whereby heat is transferred from the refrigerant fed from the hot water producing device to water, or producing cold water by performing a heat exchanging process whereby heat is transferred from water to the refrigerant fed from the outdoor heat exchanger.

Abstract: A five element refrigeration system whereby heating and cooling functions of the system can be accomplished as in a reverse cycle system without needing to reverse the flow of the liquid through the system. The system comprises a refrigerant compressor, a pair of air side heat exchangers, an air blower to provide circulation for the air side heat exchangers, a pair of water side heat exchangers, and a reservoir to provide cooling water for the water side heat exchangers. The refrigerant compressor increases the pressure of a refrigerant flowing through it, causing it to circulate through the first air side heat exchanger, or a reheat coil. The refrigerant continues to the first water side heat exchanger, which acts as a condenser. In a cooling mode, the refrigerant continues to the second air side heat exchanger, which acts as an evaporator. In a heating mode, the refrigerant continues to the second water side heat exchanger, which acts as an evaporator.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system is designed at least for an air-conditioning mode for cooling a thermal control medium (13) and a heat-pump mode for heating the thermal control medium. The system comprises a refrigerant circuit with a compressor (1) and an evaporator (8), a coolant circuit with a heat-generating unit (10) to be cooled and a heater (12) for heating the thermal control medium, and also a first refrigerant/coolant heat exchanger (3) functioning on the refrigerant side as a condenser/gas cooler. The evaporator is formed by a second refrigerant/coolant heat exchanger (8). A cooling body (14) for cooling the thermal control medium is connected downstream of heat exchanger (8) on the coolant side.

Abstract: A direct cooling type refrigerator includes: a main body with a certain space for keeping food items; a freezing chamber formed at an upper portion of the main body and keeping frozen food items; a refrigerating chamber sectioned by a barrier with the freezing chamber, formed at a lower portion of the main body and keeping refrigerated food items; a freezing chamber evaporator buried in a side wall of the freezing chamber and directly heat-exchanged with air inside the freezing chamber; and a refrigerating chamber evaporator buried in a side wall of the refrigerating chamber and directly heat-exchanged with air inside the refrigerating chamber.

Abstract: Vapor compression heat exchange systems are disclosed that are designed to allow for optimal mass flow of refrigerant there through. The systems of the present invention do not employ conventional refrigerant metering devices, such as capillary tubs and expansion valves, which restrict mass flow, but rather incorporate an openly fixed orifice in-line with the conduits connecting the condenser to the evaporator, thereby maintaining the preferential differential between the high pressure condenser side and low pressure evaporator side of the system during operation. Provision of the fixed orifice allows for optimal refrigerant mass flow as measured by cooler compressor temperatures, cooler compressor discharge temperatures, increased heat of rejection, increased heat of absorption, and improved heating and cooling efficiency. The present invention may employ any conventional refrigerant, including the newer HFC refrigerants, such as R-410A.

Abstract: A vehicle heating and cooling system having a first coolant loop selectively connecting an engine cooling system with a heater core or a first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger, a second coolant loop connecting a second coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger and the heater core to warm a passenger compartment of the vehicle. The system also includes a refrigerant loop that provides for conventional cooling of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, as well as operating as a heat pump, together with the coolant loops, to provide heat to the vehicle passenger compartment.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes a compressor for compressing refrigerant, an exterior heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between refrigerant and outside air, an interior heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between the refrigerant and air to be blown into the compartment, an ejector for decompressing high-pressure refrigerant, a heater core for heating air using a high-temperature fluid as a heating source, and a fluid-refrigerant heat exchanger that heats the fluid flowing to the heater core using high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor as a heating source. In a dehumidifying and heating operation, refrigerant in the interior heat exchanger absorbs heat from air so that the air is cooled and dehumidified, and the dehumidified and cooled air can be further heated in the heater core by indirectly using the heating source from the high-temperature refrigerant.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for use in an over-the-road or off road vehicle is provided that allows operation during both engine on and engine off conditions. The system utilizes a variable speed, motor driven compressor controlled by an intelligent power generation management controller. This controller selects from one of the available sources of power on the vehicle to drive the compressor, and modulates the compressor speed and capacity based on operational parameters and source availability and depletion. The controller may also operate a coolant or air heater to provide heating to the interior compartments.

Abstract: A natural and environmentally friendly cooling system is disclosed. The cooling system comprises an insulating enclosure, a block of ice within the insulating enclosure, a primary coil of tubing contacting the block of ice and beneath the block of ice for transferring fluid, a return coil of tubing beneath the block of ice for transferring fluid, and a grid positioned between the primary coil and the return coil.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for a vehicle has a first cycle including a compressor, a first condenser, a second condenser, a liquid tank, an expansion valve and an evaporator which are connected through pipes to form a first refrigerant circulation circuit through which a refrigerant flows from an outlet of the compressor to an inlet of the compressor while changing the phase. The first cycle causes the evaporator to act as a cooler when operated. The system further has a second cycle including the compressor, the second condenser, the liquid tank, the evaporator and the evaporator which are connected through pipes to form a second refrigerant circulation circuit through which the refrigerant flows from the outlet of the compressor to the inlet of the compressor while changing the phase. The second cycle causes the condenser to act as a heater and the evaporator to act as a cooler when operated. The first and second cycles are switched by switch means.

Abstract: A heat pump type hot water supply apparatus (10) for heating water by refrigerant heat and stocking the hot water thus achieved including: a heat pump unit (11) having a refrigerant circuit using natural refrigerant, the refrigerant circuit including a compressor (16) for compressing refrigerant, a heat-pump heat exchanger (18) and a refrigerant-water heat exchanger (27) for performing the heat exchange between refrigerant and water to achieve hot water; a hot water supply unit (12) including a hot water supply tank (26) for stocking the hot water achieved by the refrigerant-water heat exchanger (27) of the heat pump unit (11) and supplying the hot water thus stocked; and a water pipe (36) through which the refrigerant-water heat exchanger (27) of the heat pump unit (11) and the hot water supply tank (26) of the hot water supply unit (12) are connected to each other to circulate hot-water/water between the refrigerant-water heat exchanger (27) and said hot water supply tank (26).

Abstract: A vehicle includes a traction unit for delivering mechanical power from a combustion engine to a vehicle drive shaft and driving wheels, electric loads and a vehicle cooling loop for cooling vehicle components and/or said combustion engine. A fuel cell system, which supplies the electric loads with electric power, includes a fuel cell stack, an anode fuel input, a anode exhaust, a cathode fuel input, a cathode exhaust, and a fuel cell cooling loop for cooling the fuel cell stack via an input line which delivers a cooling medium into the fuel cell stack and an output line which removes the heated cooling medium from the fuel cell stack. A compression/expansion unit is provided between the output line of the fuel cell stack and the vehicle cooling loop. The expansion side of the compression/expansion unit in thermal contact with the heated cooling medium, which is at a first temperature level, so that heat is transferred from the heated cooling medium to the expansion side of the compression/expansion unit.

Abstract: A system for generating refrigeration wherein a hot process fluid is used to drive a thermoacoustic engine and residual heat from the process fluid is used to desorb refrigerant from a high pressure absorbent heat pump solution with the resulting refrigerant expanded to generate refrigeration prior to being reabsorbed by the absorbent.

Abstract: The invention relates to an installation for utilizing surplus heat from a power transformer. A first pipe system (7) is connected to the cooling device of the transformer for circulation of a first, heat carrying fluid between the transformer and a heat pump (5) with the purpose of enabling emission of heat to an evaporator (10) included in the heat pump, which evaporator via a second pipe system (11) containing a second fluid communicates with a compressor (12), a condenser (13) and an expansion valve (14), a third pipe system (15) having a third, heat carrying fluid for transfer of heat to one or more consumption units (16) being connected to the condenser.

Abstract: In a heat pump cycle, a first high-pressure side heat exchanger is disposed to perform a heat exchange between refrigerant discharged from a compressor and a first fluid, and a second high-pressure side heat exchanger is disposed to perform a heat exchanger between refrigerant from the first high-pressure side heat exchanger and a second fluid having a temperature lower than that of the first fluid. Accordingly, a heat quantity obtained from the heat pump cycle is the sum of a heat amount obtained from the first high-pressure side heat exchanger and a heat amount obtained from the second high-pressure side heat exchanger.

Abstract: A device and a method are provided for heating and cooling a compartment of a motor vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine. The device has a coolant circuit with a compressor, an ambient heat exchanger, at least one expansion device, an interior heat exchanger, and an exhaust heat exchanger that can be heated by exhaust gases from the engine. During heating, a coolant is guided through the compressor and through the interior heat exchanger connected downstream from the compressor, releasing heat. The compressor, interior heat exchanger, expansion device, ambient heat exchanger, and heat exchanger are connected in series so that the coolant is expanded in the expansion device to a temperature below an intake temperature of coolant into the compressor, exposed in the ambient heat exchanger to warmer ambient air, heated in the heat exchanger by the exhaust gases from the engine, and compressed in the compressor.

Abstract: In a heat-pump water heater with a super-critical refrigerant cycle, a valve open degree of a decompression valve is controlled to control a pressure of high-pressure side refrigerant so that a temperature difference between refrigerant flowing out from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger and water flowing into a water-refrigerant heat exchanger is set in a predetermined temperature range. Thus, the pressure of high-pressure side refrigerant in the super-critical refrigerant cycle can be controlled, thereby suitably adjusting heat-exchange performance of an internal heat exchanger, and restricting the temperature of refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant compressor from being uselessly increased.

Abstract: In combination with a residential air conditioning system and a water fixture with a water recirculation loop, such as a swimming pool, a refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger having a tank with water inlet and outlet connections to said water recirculation loop, and a condenser coil with refrigerant inlet and outlets for connection respectively to the compressor and the condenser of the air conditioning system. Whenever the air conditioning system comes on, a control circuit turns on the pump independent of the usual timer and connects the refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger inlet to the compressor of the air conditioning system.

Abstract: This is a heating and cooling system, and method that utilizes the roof of a home or building as a solar collector. A heat barrier material is secured to the inside free edges of the roof rafters to reflect radiant heat into air flow passage ways formed between the rafters, the attic side of the roof and the heat barrier materials. A loft or upper attic floor is built in the upper portion of the attic and is also covered with the heat barrier material. The attic is divided into separate areas that are connected by a ducting system that includes a filter, an evaporator and a blower. The blower produces airflow through the filter and over the evaporator coil and into a separated portion of the attic. Airflow moves through selected formed channels between rafters, barrier material and inside roof to the blower for re-circulation.

Abstract: In order to obtain more enhanced air heating capacity during low outdoor air temperature, a gas heat pump type air conditioning device which circulates refrigerant by a compressing device of which driving source is a gas engine, forms a refrigerating cycle, collects waste heat of exhaust gas exhausted from the gas engine to engine coolant water by an exhaust gas heat exchanging device, and heats the refrigerant by the engine coolant water to enhance the heating capacity, the exhaust gas exhausted from the gas engine is heated, and a heating device for increasing amount of thermal energy which can be collected in the exhaust gas heat exchanging device is provided.

Abstract: A heat pump system using air as its heat source is disclosed. In this system, the refrigeration circuit consists of both a main refrigerant line and a refrigerant suction line. A heat accumulator, containing both a heat medium and a heat storage phase change material, is mounted on the refrigerant line at a position between the cooling mode and heating mode expansion valves. A heat-dissipating heat exchanger is mounted on the main refrigerant line, and is set in the accumulator. A subsidiary heat exchanger is installed around the inlet port of the outdoor heat exchanger, and is connected to the heat accumulator through heat medium lines with a circulating pump. The system also has a heat pipe consisting of both an evaporating part installed at the periphery of the heat-dissipating heat exchanger, and a heat dissipating part installed at the periphery of the heat accumulator and connected to the evaporating part through a connection pipe.

Abstract: In a hot water supply system with a heat pump cycle, an oil separator for separating refrigerant and oil flowing from a compressor from each other is provided, and oil separated from refrigerant in the oil separator returns to the compressor through an oil returning passage after passing through an oil passage of a water heat exchanger. The water heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanging portion in which refrigerant from the oil separator and water from a tank are heat-exchanged, and a second heat exchanging portion in which oil from the oil separator and water from the tank are heat-exchanged. In the heat exchanger, a flow direction of water is set opposite to that of refrigerant and oil.

Abstract: There is provided a multiform gas heat pump type of air conditioning system having: a plurality of indoor units that are each provided with an indoor heat exchanger and that perform a heat exchange between air inside a room and refrigerant; an outdoor unit provided with a compressor driven by a gas engine and an outdoor heat exchanger for performing a heat exchange between outside air and the refrigerant; and a split flow control unit for controlling a flow direction of the refrigerant in each of the indoor units and for performing a selection switching between cooling and heating operations. The outdoor heat exchanger that switches selection between cooling and heating operations is divided into a plurality of units that are connected in parallel and there is also provided a refrigerant supply switching means that controls the refrigerant flow in each of the divided portions of the outdoor heat exchanger.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for cooling, having a loop (60) carrying a refrigerant, a first heat exchanger (10) for outputting heat to a heat reservoir (12), a second heat exchanger (114) for extracting heat from a chamber (116) to be cooled, a compressor (18) and an expansion device (120), wherein in that a first further heat exchanger (70) is provided, which enables a heat transfer between the loop (60) carrying the refrigerant and a coolant loop (80). The invention also relates to a method for cooling.

Abstract: In a heat-pump water heater, a control unit has a heat-radiation determining means for determining a heat radiation from refrigerant to outside air in an air heat exchanger based on a water temperature flowing into a water heat exchanger, and the control unit selectively performs a general cycle operation and a bypass operation in accordance with a determination result of the heat-radiation determining means. That is, when the water temperature flowing into the water heat exchanger is lower than 60° C., the general cycle operation is performed. On the other hand, when the water temperature is equal to or higher than 60° C., the bypass operation is performed.

Abstract: An energy transfer system is provided for a household or commercial refrigeration appliance. The energy transfer system includes a fluid passage disposed in the housing of the appliance for enabling the transfer of a fluid into, through, and out of the housing. The fluid is circulated through a heat exchanger which can be disposed outside of a home or commercial building or underground so that the fluid is cooled by the outside air or by the ground. The cooling fluid is also utilized to cool the compressor of an air conditioning unit. A heat exchanger is also utilized for transferring heat from the cooling fluid to an interior of a building.

Abstract: An energy-saving system including a primary heat recovery apparatus for recovering heat from the environment of a silencer box having a compressor and a power generator simultaneously coupled with an engine commonly built in the box for warming utility water, a refrigerant heat recovery apparatus for recovering the condensation heat of the refrigerant for warming utility water, a water heat recovery apparatus for recovering the water heat in the water jacket of the engine, and a flue gas heat recovery system having a first gas heat exchanger and a second gas heat exchanger for recovering the waste heat of the exhaust gas. A turbo-generator is driven by a steam turbine driven by the steam produced from the gas heat exchanger for generating electricity. Also at least an absorption-based air conditioner is driven by the waste heat as recovered from the energy-saving system.

Abstract: A multifunctional thermal installation includes a compressor, a switch valve, an evaporator, a condenser, a water heater, and an expansion valve. The water heater has a water inlet that is connected to an underground well. The evaporator and the condenser include at least a first group of heat exchangers and a second group of heat exchangers. The first group of heat exchangers is disposed in the water heater and the second group of heat exchangers and a fan associated with the second group of heat exchangers are disposed in a room. After integrating separate installations into a system, the present invention uses only a small amount of a non-renewable energy source and most of the required energy sources can be replaced by the renewable energy sources collected from the system itself. Thus, the environmental pollution caused by the consumption of energy sources can be reduced significantly. In addition, non-renewable energy sources can be conserved.

Abstract: In combination with a residential air conditioning system and a water fixture with a water recirculation loop, such as a swimming pool, a refrigerant-to water heat exchanger having a tank with water inlet and outlet connections to said water recirculation loop, and a condenser coil with refrigerant inlet and outlets for connection respectively to the compressor and the condenser of the air conditioning system.

Abstract: A heat pump type hot-water supply system performs an ordinary operation for heating liquid stored in a reservoir by circulating the liquid in a heat exchanger for supplying hot water. When an outlet temperature of an exterior heat exchanger is lowered to about −5° C., the ordinary operation is switched to a defrosting operation, and an opening degree of an expansion valve is decreases as compared to that at the ordinary operation. Accordingly, hot gas discharged from a compressor radiates a decreased amount of thermal energy in the heat exchanger for supplying the hot gas. Hot gas discharged from the compressor can reach the exterior heat exchanger without lowering its temperature largely to perform defrosting of the exterior heat exchanger.

Abstract: A heating apparatus having a refrigeration cycle includes a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator. The heating apparatus has a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, where the first heat exchanger is selected as a heat source, and the second heat exchanger is selected as either a cooling or heating source. The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are connected in series with each other in a refrigerant circuit. A heating medium is circulated in a heat transfer device which is connected to the first heat exchanger. Bathwater of a bathtub and water of a hot-water storage tank are heated through the heat transfer device indirectly by the first heat exchanger.

Abstract: A hot water supply system wherein a flow of a refrigerant on a high-pressure side of a supercritical heat pump cycle and a flow of hot water are oppositely directed, and wherein water heated by the refrigerant on the high-pressure side is stored in heat insulating tanks of a vacuous and double structure. Water is heated with heat absorbed from the atmosphere and by the supercritical heat pump cycle having a high heat exchange efficiency &eegr;, to reduce the power required to heat the water. Therefore, hot water can be generated even in the daytime during peak power rates. Accordingly, because it is unnecessary to store hot water for daytime use in insulated tanks, system space requirements are reduced.