Abstract: A liner panel for a combustor of a gas turbine engine includes a multiple of heat transfer augmentors which extend from a cold side thereof. At least one of the multiple of heat transfer augmentors includes a first heat transfer augmentation feature with a second heat transfer augmentation feature stacked thereon.

Abstract: A distributor and an evaporator having the same are provided. The distributor may include a first refrigerant distributor provided with a plurality of through holes formed in a first direction, and a plurality of refrigerant dropping devices that guide refrigerant, dropped from the first refrigerant distributor through the plurality of through holes, to a heat transfer pipe, and having a sectional area of flow surfaces thereof that decreases in a flow direction of the refrigerant.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a shell, a refrigerant distributor disposed in the shell, and a heat transferring unit disposed in the shell. The shell has a refrigerant inlet through which at least liquid refrigerant flows and a shell refrigerant vapor outlet. The refrigerant distributor includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is connected to the refrigerant inlet to receive refrigerant from the inlet. The first portion has at least one first refrigerant liquid distribution opening and a first refrigerant vapor distribution outlet opening. The second portion is connected to the first portion to receive refrigerant from the first refrigerant liquid distribution opening. The second portion has at least one second refrigerant liquid distribution opening and at least one second refrigerant vapor distribution outlet opening. The heat transferring unit is disposed below the refrigerant distributor to receive liquid refrigerant discharged from the second portion of refrigerant distributor.

Abstract: The invention relates to an absorption plate for a vehicle air-conditioner, through which a flow of absorbent fluid (110) passes, said fluid flowing along at least one exchange surface (130), the exothermic absorption of a coolant occurring through said at least one exchange surface (130) by increasing the concentration of the coolant in the absorbent fluid (110), the plate comprising, along said at least one exchange surface (130), a means (150) for rendering the temperature of the flow of absorbent fluid uniform, characterized in that the means (150) for rendering the temperature uniform is a separate turbulence means for said at least one exchange surface (130), and increases the turbulence of the flow of absorbent fluid (110) along said at least one exchange surface (130).

Abstract: A hybrid absorber is disclosed for a closed absorption cycle apparatus. The hybrid absorber is comprised of a non-adiabatic section plus an adiabatic spray section in that order, with absorbent solution and vapor supplied sequentially to them. The spray section preferably also includes a non-adiabatic spray cooler. Coolant is supplied to the non-adiabatic absorber and the cooler either in parallel or in series, countercurrently to the absorbent.

Abstract: An adsorption module has heat medium pipes through which a fluid flows, a porous heat transferring member, and adsorbent. The porous heat transferring member is a sintered body formed by sintering a metallic material that is in a form of one of powders, particles and fibers, and has pores for allowing an adsorbed medium to pass through. The porous heat transferring member is disposed on peripheries of the heat medium pipes and bonded to outer surfaces of the heat medium pipes by sintering. The adsorbent is disposed in the pores. The porous heat transferring member further has an adsorbed medium passage for allowing the adsorbed medium to pass through. The adsorbed medium passage is located between the heat medium pipes, and extends straight and parallel to axes of the heat medium pipes.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adsorber element for a heat exchanger and an adsorption heat pump or adsorption refrigerator that contains at least one such adsorber element. The adsorber element includes a heat-conducting solid body and a sorption material for a vaporous adsorbate arranged on the surface of this solid body. A fluid-tight foil composite is arranged on the outer surface of the open-pore solid body, at least in the areas in which a contact with a heat transfer fluid is provided, wherein this adsorber element is embodied such that the heat exchange between the open-pore solid body and the heat transfer fluid can take place via the fluid-tight foil composite.

Abstract: This unit (37) comprises an evaporator (45) of liquid refrigerating fluid and an absorber (47) of gaseous refrigerating fluid linked to the evaporator (45). The apparatus (37) includes a migrating chamber (121) for gaseous refrigerant fluid delimited by an evaporation surface (73A) located on the absorber (47) facing the evaporation surface (73A), and through a connecting floor (57) linking these surfaces (73A, 109A). The evaporator (45) comprises a refrigerant fluid collector (65) linked to the evaporation surface (73A) to collect the refrigerant fluid downstream from this surface. The evaporator (45) comprises partitions (67) set out in the chamber (121) and delimiting, on the evaporation surface (73A) at least one area (103) covered by partitions (67) and at least one uncovered evaporation area (105). For application in motor vehicle air conditioning.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a vapor-liquid heat and/or mass exchange device that can be used in an integrated heat and/or mass transfer system. To achieve high heat and mass transfer rates, optimal temperature profiles, size reduction and performance increases, appropriately sized flow passages with microscale features, and countercurrent flow configurations between working fluid solution, vapor stream, and/or the coupling fluid in one or more functional sections of the desorber are implemented. In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a desorber section utilizes a heating fluid flowing in a generally upward direction and a concentrated solution flowing in a generally downward direction with gravity countercurrent to the rising desorbed vapor stream. To further increase the efficiency of the system, various types of column configurations can be used. Additionally, the surfaces of the microchannels can be altered to better transfer heat.

Abstract: A hybrid absorber is disclosed for a closed absorption cycle apparatus. The hybrid absorber is comprised of a non-adiabatic section plus an adiabatic spray section in that order, with absorbent solution and vapor supplied sequentially to them. The spray section preferably also includes a non-adiabatic spray cooler. Coolant is supplied to the non-adiabatic absorber and the cooler either in parallel or in series, countercurrently to the absorbent.

Abstract: Absorbers for a lithium bromide absorption machine are described. These systems may include a storage tank; a plurality of sprinklers, situated inside the storage tank, and adapted to receive a hot and concentrated lithium bromide solution, and to project the hot and concentrated solution inside the storage tank where the hot and concentrated solution is diluted to produced a diluted solution; a feed pump adapted to export the diluted solution from the absorber; a heat exchanger, positioned outside the storage tank and configured to cool the diluted solution; and a recirculation pump, configured to cause the diluted solution to be communicated from the storage tank to the heat exchanger, and to be returned from the heat exchanger to the plurality of sprinklers in a continuous recirculation process.

Abstract: An absorptive refrigeration method that employs a refrigerant comprising one or more hydrofluoroolefin or hydrochlorofluoroolefin refrigerants, and an oil selected from the group consisting of a polyalkyene glycol oil, a poly alpha olefin oil, a mineral oil and a polyolester oil.

Abstract: A thermal compressive device provides energy-efficient heating or cooling by exploiting heat regeneration in a sorption system. The device comprises an array of generator modules (7) arranged in two banks (10, 11) to either side of a heating zone (13). Heat carrier fluid is driven past the modules in a reversible direction. During one phase, generators in the first bank (10) are cooled and therefore in various stages of sorbate re-adsorption. Sorbate in associated evaporator region(s) (26) will boil, enabling cooling of surrounding fluid (33). Generators (7) in the other bank (11) will be in various stages of desorption. Sorbate in associated condenser region(s) (21) will condense, enabling heating of its environment. During the other phase, each generator (7) switches function, but cooling remains at evaporator regions (26) and heating at condenser regions (21). Each module may be a self-contained unit comprising generator (7), condenser (21) and evaporator (26) sections.

Abstract: A two-liquid absorption refrigerator or space cooler of the cyclic type uses a spiral shaped Bourdon Tube as the refrigerant gas generator, with the lower end of the spiral disposed at a heat source. The generator may also function as the absorber vessel, thus greatly simplifying the operation of the device. In use, when ammonia depletion during the cooling cycle allows the generator to heat, it moves its lower end to a position removed from the heat source and begins to cool, thus allowing a charging cycle to replenish ammonia into the absorption liquid (usually water) in the generator. The device may thus function with only one moving part and without electricity, and further without control over the heating source.

Abstract: To provide a highly efficient and compact absorption refrigerating machine with water heated from 60 to 70 degrees Celsius as the heat source. In an absorption refrigerating machine including a regenerator G, condenser C, an absorber A, an evaporator E, an auxiliary regenerator GX and an auxiliary absorber AX, the concentrated solution from G is heated and further concentrated in GX, while the diluted solution from A is cooled in AX, the refrigerant vapor from GX is absorbed. A low temperature heat exchanger XL is provided for heat exchange between the concentrated solution supplied from GX to A, and the diluted solution sent from AX to G, and a high temperature heat exchanger XH is provided for heating the diluted solution leaving from XL and sent to G with the concentrated solution supplied from G to GX.

Abstract: A two-liquid absorption refrigerator or space cooler of the cyclic type uses a spiral shaped Bourdon Tube as the refrigerant gas generator, with the lower end of the spiral disposed at a heat source. The generator may also function as the absorber vessel, thus greatly simplifying the operation of the device. In use, when ammonia depletion during the cooling cycle allows the generator to heat, it moves its lower end to a position removed from the heat source and begins to cool, thus allowing a charging cycle to replenish ammonia into the absorption liquid (usually water) in the generator. The device may thus function with only one moving part and without electricity, and further without control over the heating source.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-efficiency absorption refrigerating machine which can recover heat from a heat source and can efficiently recover heat from an internal cycle. The absorption refrigerating machine includes an evaporator, an absorber (A), a condenser (C), a high-temperature regenerator (GH), a low-temperature regenerator (GL), a low-temperature solution heat exchanger (LX), and solution paths and refrigerant paths by which these units are connected. The absorption refrigerating machine further comprises two branch solution paths branched from a solution supply path through which a dilute solution is introduced from the absorption (A) to the high-temperature regenerator (GH). On one of the branch solution paths, there is disposed a drain heat exchanger (DX) operable to perform heat exchange between the dilute solution in the branch solution path and an exhaust heat source which has heated the high-temperature regenerator (GH).

Abstract: An absorption-type air conditioner core structure is provided, which uses lithium bromide solution as absorbent and has a small volume and compact structure. The air conditioner core structure includes an upper vessel (24) and a lower vessel (21). The upper vessel and lower vessel are connected by a refrigerant water pipe (22), a cooling water pipe (7), a heating steam pipe (5), two concentrate solution pipes (27, 58) and two dilute solution pipes (46, 52). The concentrate solution and dilute solution pipes are disposed within a solution pipe protecting cover (23) which connects to both vessels. Because of its compact structure, small volume, fewer welding seams, high level of vacuum, and having the heat exchange pipes (30, 39, 61, 73) of the condenser 1, low temperature generator 2, evaporator 10 and absorber 11 all made of helical copper pipes, the air conditioner core structure has high heat exchange efficiency.

Abstract: A sorber comprised of at least three concentric coils of tubing contained in a shell with a flow path for liquid sorbent in one direction, a flow path for heat transfer fluid which is in counter-current heat exchange relationship with sorbent flow, a sorbate vapor port in communication with at least one of sorbent inlet or exit ports, wherein each coil is coiled in opposite direction to those coils adjoining it, whereby the opposed slant tube configuration is achieved, with structure for flow modification in the core space inside the innermost coil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high power density sorption heat store, preferably for storing low-temperature heat, and is characterized in that a tube jacket 2 is provided with tube bottoms 3, 3′, and with heat exchange tubes 4, which penetrate the sorption layer 5 between the carrier floors 6, 6′; the mat layers 9, 9′ are in each case located in between; the tube jacket 2 essentially is enclosed by a working fluid tank 10 comprising the working fluid lines 11, 11′ including the valves 12, 12′, which in turn are in connection with the mat layers 9, 9′; and the dip tank 13, in the bottom area, comprises the passage 16; and heat exchange tubes 4 are proportionally equipped with ribs 27, and are loosely guided through openings 29 of the carrier floor 6′ and through the mat layer 9′ but are fixedly connected with the tube bottoms 3, 3′; and the ribs 27 are enclosed by a finely perforated network 28.

Abstract: An absorption cooling device includes an expeller (7) for expelling a working agent from an enriched solvent, a first connecting line (11) for transferring said expelled working agent from said expeller (7) to a condenser (9), a second connecting line (15) for transferring said condensated working agent from said condenser (9) to an evaporator (13), a third connecting line (16) for transferring said evaporated working agent from said evaporator (13) to an absorber unit (17), a fourth connecting line (21) for transferring said solvent depleted of working agent from said expeller (7) to said absorber unit (17), a fifth connecting line (19) for transferring said solvent enriched with working agent from said absorber (17) to said expeller (7), wherein in one end of said fifth connecting line a first liquid level (25) of said solvent is formed and on the other end a second liquid level (29) is formed, and the total surface of said second liquid level (29) is smaller than ten times a medium cross-section of

Abstract: An absorption diffusion type refrigerating structure comprises a generator, a rectifier, a condenser, an evaporator, a concentrated ammonia aqueous solution tank, and an absorber. The absorber is vertical. A spiral device is disposed in the absorber to lengthen the flow path of diluted ammonia aqueous solution, to extend the time of diluted ammonia aqueous solution in the absorber, and to expand the reaction area of diluted ammonia solution in the absorber, thereby reducing the whole weight, shrinking the volume, and enhancing the refrigerating speed. An ammonia liquid pipe and a hydrogen pipe are arranged in the evaporator. The evaporator has a simple and symmetrical shape, and can be processed and assembled easily, hence saving the space thereof. Moreover, because the ammonia liquid pipe and the hydrogen pipe are arranged in the evaporator, the effect of heat exchange thereof is better, and the refrigerating temperature is lower.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a concentrated ammonia aqueous solution tank used in an absorption diffusion type refrigerating equipment. The present invention is characterized in that a capillary tissue is placed in the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution tank. The capillary tissue is formed by bending knitted metal nets or is integrally formed by means of sintering. Thereby, additional surface area of absorption reaction can be increased, and the volume and weight of the original absorber can be reduced, hence increasing refrigerating speed and reducing refrigerating temperature.

Abstract: There is provided an absorption refrigerator comprising a liquid-film type plate heat exchanger structure,. which is improved in terms of installation while maintaining the height of the refrigerator at a practical level. In an absorption refrigerator utilizing a liquid-film type plate heat exchanger for an absorber (A), an evaporator (E), a regenerator (G) and a condenser (C), all the absorber, the evaporator, the regenerator and the condenser, each comprising the liquid-film type plate heat exchanger, are arranged in a horizontal direction. The evaporator, the absorber, the regenerator and the condenser are accommodated in a single can body (1), and the evaporator and the absorber, and the regenerator and the condenser are, respectively, accommodated in different chambers arranged in a lateral direction, which are divided by a partition wall (16) provided in the can body.

Abstract: Prevention of the incapability of operation due to crystallization in the absorption solution. When the temperature difference (&Dgr;T) between the temperature of the concentrated absorption solution Tr detected by the temperature sensor (22) and the temperature of crystallization Tc for the concentrated absorption solution at a specified concentration detected by the concentration sensor (21) comes within a prescribed figure, the opening of the heat control valve (20) is decreased by a specified figure, 20% for example. When the concentration of the concentrated absorption solution, which is measured by the concentration sensor (21), exceeds a prescribed figure, 65% for example, the heat supplied to the high temperature regenerator (1) is reduced by decreasing the opening of the heat control valve (20) regardless of the above temperature difference (&Dgr;T).

Abstract: A design of a compact solar air conditioning system especially suited for tropical climates includes an air-cooled single-effect absorption machine driven by an array of high performance flat-plate collectors along with a thermal storage tank. The absorption machine uses lithium-bromide as a refrigerant and a water-based absorption fluid. The operation of the compact solar air conditioning system is determined by an optimal control strategy.

Abstract: An absorption diffusion type refrigerating structure comprises a generator, a rectifier, a condenser, an evaporator, a concentrated ammonia aqueous solution tank, and an absorber. The absorber is vertical. A spiral device is disposed in the absorber to lengthen the flow path of diluted ammonia aqueous solution, to extend the time of diluted ammonia aqueous solution in the absorber, and to expand the reaction area of diluted ammonia solution in the absorber, thereby reducing the whole weight, shrinking the volume, and enhancing the refrigerating speed. An ammonia liquid pipe and a hydrogen pipe are arranged in the evaporator. The evaporator has a simple and symmetrical shape, and can be processed and assembled easily, hence saving the space thereof. Moreover, because the ammonia liquid pipe and the hydrogen pipe are arranged in the evaporator, the effect of heat exchange thereof is better, and the refrigerating temperature is lower.

Abstract: An aqua-ammonia absorption apparatus generator assembly comprising a boiler section, a solution-heated-desorber section, and adiabatic desorber or GAX desorber section, and a rectifier section, incorporates a plurality of columns, each column comprising one or more of the sections, with the columns arranged so that the lowest end of a first column is lower than the top end of a second column, and uses one or more eductors driven by a feed stream from the absorber for pumping liquid refrigerant from the bottom of a lower temperature column to the top of the next hotter column.

Abstract: A mass and heat transfer device uses a substantially vertical surface to separating a first fluid space from a second fluid space with the first fluid space containing a downward flowing liquid in at least a partially flooded state and an upward flowing gas contained at least partially within the downward flowing liquid. A fluid distribution surface with one or more apertures is provided within the first fluid space with the apertures controlling the downward passage and distribution of the downward flowing liquid and the upward passage and distribution of the upward flowing gas. A heat transfer fluid is used in the second fluid space for heat transfer with fluids in the first fluid space. The fluid distribution surface can be used in a horizontal, vertical or angled position and in annular, cylindrical, and hexahedral forms.

Abstract: A liquid outlet pipe extended from a lower end of a liquid storage reservoir 420 is communicated with a section in the proximity of a lower portion of a refrigerant liquid dispersing pipe 421. A plurality of liquid outlet holes 426 are provided on an upper surface of the refrigerant liquid dispersing pipe 421. Diameters of the liquid outlet holes 426 are differently determined depending on a distance between a communicated section of the liquid dispersing pipe 421 and the liquid storage reservoir 420, in order to equalize an amount of refrigerant liquid flowing from the outlet holes 126. When the liquid storage reservoir 420 is filled with the refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant liquid flows upward within the liquid dispersing pipe 421 so as to inject the refrigerant liquid in accordance with a liquid head pressure.

Abstract: A liquid distributor, a falling film heat exchanger and an absorption refrigerating machine, which are inexpensive and favorably ensure uniform distribution of a liquid even in the case where the liquid distributor is installed in oblique position and foreign matters such as metal particles or the like are mixed in the liquid. The liquid distributor comprise a primary distribution duct of box-shaped cross section having an opening serving as a liquid inlet, and distribution holes serving as liquid outlets and formed on side surfaces of the primary distribution duct, and a group of box-shaped secondary distribution trays spaced from outer side surface and lower side surface of the primary distribution duct, and formed to be compartmented into a plurality of regions in a longitudinal direction of the primary distribution duct. Liquid dripping holes, through which the liquid is dropped, are formed in bottom surfaces of the secondary distribution trays.

Abstract: Refrigerant vapor generated in a high temperature regenerator is condensed in a condenser, and the refrigerant vapor is changed to refrigerant liquid. Then it is conducted to a first evaporator. The refrigerant vapor evaporated in the first evaporator is absorbed in a solution in a first absorber. The refrigerant liquid conducted from the condenser without vaporizing in the first evaporator is introduced to a second evaporator, and it evaporates in the second evaporator. The refrigerant vapor in the second evaporator is absorbed in the solution in a second absorber. The first and the second evaporator and the first and the second absorber are made of a unitary chamber. The first evaporator is juxtaposed to the second absorber with a heat transfer member. The concentration of the refrigerant in the second evaporator is controlled by a refrigerant liquid controller that controls a flow rate of the refrigerant liquid flowing from the first evaporator at the predetermined value.

Abstract: Lower and upper limit float switches 15a and 15b for detecting the liquid level in high-temperature separator 14, orifice portion 18 and float-associated valve V1 parallel to the orifice portion are provided, with the orifice portion being provided on circulation pipe K2 extending from the gas-liquid separator in a position either upstream or downstream of high-temperature heat exchanger 17. The float-associated valve is closed when the liquid level drops to the lower limit thereof and it is opened when the liquid level rises to the upper limit thereof. During normal operation of the cooling apparatus, the flowing of steam from the gas-liquid separator into the heat exchanging unit can be prevented to ensure smooth passage of the solution. In a diluting operation, the head of the gas-liquid separator suffices to ensure an adequate flow of the solution in spite of the small pressure difference, thereby assuring the diluting operation to proceed smoothly.

Abstract: Dual pipe unit 40 is erected vertically and comprises cold water pipe 41 serving as a passageway of cold water and surrounded by coaxial outer pipe 42. The cold water pipe consists of evaporating pipe portion 41a sealed at the bottom and inner pipe portion 41b coaxially provided in its interior. The bottom of the inner pipe portion is open near the bottom of the evaporating pipe portion whereas its top penetrating the top of the evaporating pipe portion to project into the latter is fixed thereto in a liquid-tight manner. The cold water pipe penetrates the top of the outer pipe but it is fixed to the latter in a liquid-tight manner, with its bottom end being spaced from the bottom end of the outer pipe by a specified distance. Evaporating/absorbing compartment 43 is formed between the evaporating pipe and the outer pipe. The channel of cold water through the evaporating pipe portion is narrowed and the cold water collects toward its wall surface, flowing at an increased relative velocity.

Abstract: The absorber for use in absorption chillers of the present invention comprises a plurality of cooling water pipes 2 extending horizontally in the interior of the absorber chamber. A plurality of flat heat transfer plates 1 are spaced apart from one another and arranged horizontally in a vertical position, and the plurality of cooling water pipes 2 extend through these heat transfer plates 1 perpendicular thereto. The pitch Pd of the plates 1 is 3 to 15 mm. Each heat transfer plate 1 is integrally formed on its upper end face with an absorbent receptacle 10 V-shaped in cross section and extending longitudinally of the upper end face. The bottom portion of the receptacle 10 is formed with two rows of absorbent holes 11 positioned upwardly of respective surfaces of the plate 1. The holes 11 of each row are spaced apart from one another longitudinally of the plate 1 and each have an outlet adjoining the surface of the plate 1.

Abstract: An absorber and evaporator combination for use with an absorption heat pump (including chillers and air conditioners) as well as with other apparatus in which a vapor is absorbed by a liquid absorbent or a liquid or gas is cooled by evaporative cooling is disclosed. The absorber and evaporator are designed as vertical plates that can receive films of either absorbent (on the absorber) or refrigerant (on the evaporator) flowing down them. A liquid refrigerant is distributed across the top edge of each vertical surface of the evaporator. Likewise, for the absorber, a liquid absorbent is distributed across the top edge of each vertical surface. The distributors for the refrigerant and the absorbent are constructed and arranged so that they distribute their respective liquids without creating droplets. In one embodiment, two vertical evaporator surfaces and two vertical absorber surfaces are assembled into one absorber/evaporator panel.

Abstract: Heat transfer apparatus comprises a refrigeration assembly having a low pressure region and a high pressure region. The apparatus may also include a power generation assembly connected to the refrigeration assembly between the low and high pressure regions. The refrigeration assembly and the power generation assembly are so arranged that refrigerant in the high pressure region can be passed through the power generation assembly to the low pressure region of the refrigeration assembly. Power may be generated by the power generation assembly on passage therethrough of the refrigerant. The apparatus may also include an absorption region comprising a piston and cylinder, ejector cycles in combination with absorption cycles, fibre heat exchanges, vortex tubes, and one embodiment comprises lamp or a torch.

Abstract: An apparatus for transferring heating and cooling power by means of two heat transfer media, wherein at least one of the heating media is arranged to be evaporated or condensed. To reduce the need for space, the apparatus includes a shell (3) inside which at least one plate heat exchanger (1,2) is arranged loosely, flow slots (19) of the heat exchanger being arranged to be completely or mainly open towards the shell (3) in such a manner that the evaporating or condensing heat transfer medium can flow to the plate heat exchanger or from the plate heat exchanger from different sides of the plate heat exchanger on the whole length of that slot (19) which is open.

Abstract: An absorption refrigerator which is capable of effectively using energy without a necessity of enlarging the size thereof, the absorption refrigerator having a structure that a cylindrical wall is provided for an inner wall portion raised because of a stepped portion of the bottom surface of a double-tube unit so that a refrigerant retainer for accumulating water allowed to downwards flow along the outer surface of a cold-water tube is formed. A refrigerant-circulating passage is connected to the bottom surface of the refrigerant retainer. Another end of the refrigerant-circulating passage is connected to a refrigerant supply passage. When a pump is operated, water in the refrigerant retainer is supplied to a water-receiving pan so as to again be sprayed to the outer surface of the cold-water tube.

Abstract: An absorption chiller that uses an aqueous salt solution as an absorbent and water as a refrigerant, the absorption chiller including an evaporator that allows the water to trickle or flow downward onto the outer surface of a heat exchanger tube installed horizontally or approximately horizontally, an absorber that allows the aqueous salt solution to trickle or flow downward onto the outer surface of a heat exchanger tube installed horizontally or approximately horizontally, and a condenser that allows the water to be supplied onto the outer surface of a heat exchanger tube installed horizontally or approximately horizontally. At least one of the heat exchanger tubes is provided, on the inner surface thereof, with protruded threads formed in a spiral fashion. A plurality of rows of projections of a height of 0.2 to 0.4 mm with flat portions on the top is provided on the outer surface of the tube successively at a pitch of 0.4 to 0.8 mm between projections.

Abstract: An absorption refrigerator is minimized in the size and the weight. A sensible heat exchanger 14 and a cooling fan 19 for cooling the sensible heat exchanger 14 are mounted front and rear opposite to each other to form a cooling unit. At one side of the fan 19, a regenerator 3 and a rectifier 6 are aligned vertically one over the other. At the other side of the fan 19, an evaporator 1 and an absorber 2 of a rectangular configuration are provided side by side. A condenser 9 is laid above the cooling unit. The cooling unit, the evaporator 1, the absorber 2, the condenser 9, the regenerator 3, the rectifier 6, and a set of pumps P1 to P4 all are installed in a main housing 20 of substantially a rectangular parallelopiped shape having a depth reduced axially of the cooling fan 19.

Abstract: The absorption chamber of an absorption-type air-conditioning apparatus is formed as a vertically oriented cylinder having an inner surface on which absorption liquid is dispensed for absorbing water vapor or coolant vapor. A guide structure is installed at the inner surface of the cylinder to lead the absorption liquid to the inner surface of the cylinder and to spread the absorption liquid over substantially all of the inner surface of the cylinder. The guide structure may be in the form of a mesh lath rolled into a cylindrical shape and installed against the inner surface of the cylinder or a helical coil installed against the inner surface of the cylinder and having a plurality of grooves formed on an outer surface of the coil to allow a portion of the absorption liquid flowing on an upward-facing surface of the coil to flow vertically downward to portions of the inner surface of the cylinder.

Abstract: An air-cooled absorption-type air conditioning apparatus performs both cooling and heating operations. The apparatus includes circulation pipes through which a thermal medium flows, the thermal medium being for controlling room air temperature. Further included in the apparatus are outer pipes provided concentrically and outside of sections of the circulation pipes to form chambers between the circulation pipes and the outer pipes. The outer pipes have fins on external surfaces of the outer pipes, and the fins are arranged in a substantially vertical orientation. Also included in the apparatus are a fan for circulating air over the outer pipes, first spray mechanisms for dispensing a liquid coolant over outer surfaces of the circulation pipes in the chambers formed between the circulation pipes and the outer pipes, and second spray mechanisms for dispensing an absorption liquid onto inner surfaces of the outer pipes in the chambers, the absorption liquid being for absorbing the liquid coolant.

Abstract: A plurality of protrusions 32 are formed in a longitudinal direction on the outer surface of a heat transmission pipe, a convex portion 33 and a concave portion 34 adjacent thereto of each of the protrusions 32 are each in the form of a curved surface, the curvature radius of the concave portion 34 is made larger than the curvature radius of the convex portion 33, and a groove 34A is formed in the bottom of the concave portion so that the absorption solution dropping onto the heat transmission pipe 31 flows from the concave portion 34 over the convex portion 33 to the next concave portion 34 smoothly, the shifting of the absorption solution in the concave portion 34 is carried out smoothly, and Marangoni convections generated in the convex portion 33 and the concave portion 34 interfere with each other.

Abstract: A fluid heat exchange apparatus is disclosed that can be used as an absorber in an absorption cooling system. The compact absorber design uses concentric thermally conductive cylinders to form alternating annular passages for a heat transfer fluid and a solution. The heat transfer fluid passages contain a generally helical coil. The generally helical coil distributes the heat transfer fluid in a generally helical path between the thermally conductive cylinders. The solution passages also contain a generally helical coil. However, the solution passage coils are grooved rods. The grooved rods allow solution to flow between the rods and the walls of the cylinders. The solution flows down the cool walls of the thermally conductive cylinders. Simultaneously, refrigerant vapor flows upward in a generally helical path within the solution passages and is absorbed into the solution droplets. Further, additional embodiments are disclosed that use a grooved rod to absorb a vapor into a solution.

Abstract: A non-diabatic vapor-liquid contact device is disclosed which achieves high heat transfer effectiveness without sacrificing mass transfer effectiveness. Referring to FIG. 2, a helical coil of crested tubing 84 is contained within the annualr space between shrouds 82 and 83. Liquid flows downward through the annulus, and vapor flows countercurrently upward. The mass exchanging fluids pass through the space between tube crests and the shroud, achieving very effective mixing. Heat transfer fluid is flowed through the tubing via connections 87 and 88.The heat and mass transfer is preferably additionally enhanced by interspersing contact media with the coiled tubing, either longitudinally or radially.

Abstract: A fluid heat exchange apparatus is disclosed that can be used as an absorber in an absorption cooling system. The compact absorber design uses concentric thermally conductive cylinders to form alternating annular passages for a heat transfer fluid and a solution. The heat transfer fluid passages contain a generally helical coil. The generally helical coil distributes the heat transfer fluid in a generally helical path between the thermally conductive cylinders. The solution passages also contain a generally helical coil. However, the solution passage coils are grooved rods. The grooved rods allow solution to flow between the rods and the walls of the cylinders. The solution flows down the cool walls of the thermally conductive cylinders. Simultaneously, refrigerant vapor flows upward in a generally helical path within the solution passages and is absorbed into the solution droplets. Further, an absorption cooling system is disclosed that utilizes multiple helical absorbers.

Abstract: An absorption machine and a method for operating the machine are disclosed. The absorption machine comprises an absorber (1) with heat-exchanger assemblies and a generator (2) with heat-exchanger assemblies, the generator (2) and the absorber (1) being interconnected by two conduits (8, 9). The absorber (1) and/or generator (2) are divided into at least two compartments which are in communication with one another and in which the different heat-exchanger assemblies have separate inlets and outlets. By means of the inventive machine, heating media of different temperatures can be obtained from the absorber (1) and waste heat of different temperatures can be used in the generator (2).

Abstract: An absorption cycle system uses a hydrokinetic amplifier as an absorber, and the hydrokinetic amplifier merges a working vapor stream with a working liquid stream to condense the vapor and absorb it in a working mixture that is output at a higher temperature and pressure than either input. Since the hydrokinetic amplifier absorber does not discard heat, the retained heat is used to help power the system and reduce heat waste that would otherwise occur.

Abstract: An absorption refrigeration machine with two, non-fluid linked loops uses heat from a first loop rectifier to heat a second loop generator by either direct or hydronic heat exchange. Flue gas from the heating of the first loop generator is used to heat strong solution in the second loop. Heat from the first loop condenser and absorber are also used to heat the second loop generator by either direct or hydronic fluid coupling. In order to improve further the efficiencies of the absorption machine, a mass and heat transfer device is used that provides a liquid and vapor distribution system that affords effective heat transfer in conjunction with a large and continually renewed liquid surface area and a relatively constant vapor velocity to effect efficient mass transfer among the various components and processes of the refrigeration machine. A simple liquid metering system is used to meter equal amounts of liquid into the divided liquid flow arrangements used in various components of the machine.