Abstract: A cryogenic refrigerating device comprising includes an adiabatic vacuum tank, a refrigerator having at least a low temperature generating portion of the refrigerator accommodated in the adiabatic vacuum tank, an adsorption panel attached to the low temperature generating portion of the refrigerator at a location for adsorbing molecules floating in a vacuum in the adiabatic vacuum tank, and a selective sorbing device provided in the adiabatic vacuum tank at a location for sorbing selected molecules floating in the adiabatic vacuum tank. The molecules in the adiabatic vacuum tank are adsorbed by either the panel or by the adsorbing device for keeping the vacuum pressure level in the tank constant for a long period of time.

Abstract: A piston includes a circumferential groove having a seal ring and spring mounted within the groove. The spring exerts an axial force on the seal ring thereby preventing motion of the seal ring within the groove. Preferably, the spring in a wave spring, wherein small changes in deflection of the wave spring produces small changes in the load generated by the spring on the seal ring. The seal ring has at least one radial spring ring mounted within the seal ring to create a radial force on the seal ring. The piston can also include a sleeve that mounts to the piston body, the sleeve forming a wall of the groove. The piston can be a displacer mounted within a cylinder of a refrigerator.

Abstract: A rotary valve unit in a pulse tube refrigerator is quiet, and has high durability and improved refrigeration efficiency by restricting the generation of unidirectional flow. A center hole is formed on a sliding plane side as a recessed space in the sliding surfaces between the sliding plane and another sliding plane. Since the second center hole is in communication with a low pressure input port via a communication passage, the leakage between the sliding surfaces of the sliding planes can be introduced to the low pressure input port with low pressure.

Abstract: A Stirling cooler made up of a first cylinder and a second cylinder. The first cylinder includes a driven piston for maintaining reciprocal gas displacement by compressing a gas in a closed cycle. The second cylinder is in fluid communication with the, first cylinder through a conduit which has a heat rejector in thermal contact with it, for rejecting heat from the second conduit. The second cylinder is made up of a displacer, an expansion chamber and a regenerator. The displacer normally oscillates within the second cylinder in response to gas pulses received through the conduit. The expansion chamber is at a first extremity of the second cylinder. The expansion chamber is cooled by the gas at the first extremity of the second cylinder. The piston is driven by means which drive the piston at a speed required for normal cooling generation resulting in displacer oscillation being less than 90 degrees out of phase with the piston.

Abstract: A pulse tube refrigerator which reduces valve losses in a cycle and improves refrigeration efficiency includes a pressure oscillator, a refrigerating portion, a first middle pressure buffer tank, a first middle pressure buffer side valve, a second middle pressure buffer tank and a second middle pressure buffer side valve. A regenerator in the refrigerating portion and an outlet port and an inlet port of a compressor in the pressure oscillator are connected via a high pressure valve and a low pressure valve respectively. A high temperature heat exchanger of the refrigerating portion and the first middle pressure buffer tank and the second middle pressure buffer tank are connected via the first middle pressure buffer side valve and the second middle pressure buffer side valve. The first middle pressure buffer tank and the second middle pressure buffer tank include different middle pressures which are predetermined between an output pressure and an input pressure of the compressor.

Abstract: A pulse tube expander includes a regenerator, a pulse tube, a porous plug phase shifter, and a surge tank, in series gaseous communication with each other. The porous plug phase shifter is made of a porous material such as a sintered mass or a packed solid bed of distinct, free-flowing bodies. The porous plug phase shifter introduces a phase shift between the pressure wave and the mass flow rate in the pulse tube expander. The porous plug phase shifter is resistant to clogging due to contamination that may be present in the system.

Abstract: A pulse tube refrigerator includes a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a first regenerator, a first cold head, a first pulse tube, a first radiator, a second regenerator, a second cold head, a second pulse tube, a second radiator, an orifice and a buffer tank which are connected in series. A first cooling part consists of the first heat exchanger, the first regenerator, the first cold head, the first pulse tube and the first radiator. A second cooling part consists of the first radiator, the second regenerator, the second cold head, the second pulse tube and the second radiator. The first radiator forms not only the radiator of the first cooling part, but also the heat exchanger of the second cooling part.

Abstract: An improved HTSC filter system design. An improved HTSC filter system comprises a cryocooler and dewar assembly, a heat dissipation assembly and at least one heat pipe providing a thermal coupling between said heat dissipation assembly and said cryocooler and dewar assembly. In a preferred embodiment, the cryocooler and dewar assembly is environmentally sealed within a double-walled aluminum canister, and the heat pipes are formed from stainless steel tubes having a predetermined amount of ammonia provided therein.

Abstract: There is disclosed novel apparatus for use as beverage container vending machines, beverage dispensers, transportable beverage container dispensers and glass door merchandizers, all cooled by Stirling coolers. The apparatus includes an insulated enclosure and a Stirling cooler having a cold portion. A plate or coil made from a heat-conducting material disposed within the insulated enclosure is connected in heat exchange relationship with the cold portion of the Stirling cooler. Heat transfer fluids, heat pipes and direct contact are different methods used to transfer heat from the plate to the cold portion of the Stirling cooler. The cooled plate or coil is used to cool a container or a fluid that is, in turn, used to cool either a container or a fluid. Methods of chilling containers and fluids are also disclosed.

Abstract: A component for use in pulse tube cryorefrigerators which integrates the reservoirs (buffer volumes) as well as the housing for the rotary valve and valve plate and drive motor into a convenient, unified assembly. Other components required by the pulse-tube refrigerators, such as the heat sink, orifices, phase shifting valves, connecting tubing, etc., may also be integrated into the buffer volume/valve/motor housing within the teachings of the invention.

Abstract: A pulse tube system especially useful for producing and delivering refrigeration at very cold temperatures wherein a product fluid such as hydrogen is preferably precooled and then liquefied, subcooled and/or densified by heat exchange with ultra cold gas generated by a pulsing compression wave which rejects heat into a cryogen fluid heat sink.

Abstract: A heat pipe includes a flow diverter that separates the heat pipe into an evaporator chamber and a condenser chamber. Each of the evaporator chamber and the condenser chamber are coupled to a compressor with a one-way valve. The compressor receives vaporous working fluid from the evaporator chamber, compresses it, and pumps it to the condenser chamber at a higher pressure and temperature. Within the condenser chamber, the working fluid enter a wicking structure and travels around the flow diverter to the evaporator chamber. The compressor can be an acoustic compressor that includes an acoustic resonating chamber. An integrated circuit package can include the combination of the heat pipe and compressor to create a refrigeration cycle that removes heat from an integrated circuit.

Abstract: A reciprocating compressor with a linear motor, having a piston (1) reciprocating inside a cylinder (2); a cylinder head (5) provided with suction and discharge orifices (5a, 5b), and a valve means (10) mounted inside the cylinder (2) and having an operative position, seated against the discharge orifice (5b), defined when the top of the piston (1) is within a certain distance (D) from the cylinder head (5), said distance being defined, so that, at the end of the compression stroke of the piston (1), be reached inside the cylinder (2) a determined pressure that will result in a force on the piston (1) opposite to that force which is impelling said piston (1) and which is sufficient to interrupt its compression stroke before impacting the cylinder head (5).

Abstract: A cold accumulating material comprises a set of particulate cold accumulating substances, pores formed between the particulate cold accumulating substances, and a binder for mutually binding the particulate cold accumulating substances, wherein a porosity of the cold accumulating material is 15-70 vol %. A median diameter of the pores existing in the cold accumulating material is preferably set to 10-300 &mgr;m. An oxygen concentration at an area ranging from a surface of the particulate cold accumulating substance to a portion having a depth of 100 angstroms (A) from the surface is preferably set to 5-80 at %.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided by which a high temperature superconductor can be cooled to a lower temperature easily and conveniently at a low cost. In the cooling method and apparatus according to the present invention, a high temperature superconductor constituting a cable (50) is cooled by liquid refrigerant (41). The refrigerant (41) is cooled by a refrigerator (10) to or below the freezing point which is given by the refrigerant having a stationary state in the cooling system. The cooled refrigerant is forced to flow and circulated by a pump (34), and such a physical action maintains the refrigerant in a fluid state at a temperature equal to or lower than the freezing point. A viscometer (61) may be used to measure the viscosity of the refrigerant to modulate the flow rate of the refrigerant according to the measured viscosity. According to the present invention, liquid nitrogen is maintained in a fluid state at approximately 45 K, for example.

Abstract: A cold accumulating material comprising a number of magnetic particles mainly composed of oxide, wherein an average value of equivalent circle diameters of crystal grains constituting the magnetic particles is 0.3-20 &mgr;m. It is preferable that an area ratio of the crystal grains each having an equivalent circle diameter of 50 &mgr;m or more is 10% or less with respect to whole crystal grains constituting the magnetic particle. According to the above structure, there can be provided a cold accumulating material which is free from being finely pulverized, and is excellent in thermal shock resistance and durability, and capable of exhibiting a significant refrigerating performance at low temperature range for a long period of time in a stable condition.

Abstract: A pulse tube refrigerator includes a refrigerating portion including a regenerator, a low temperature heat exchanger, a pulse tube and a high temperature heat exchanger fluidically connected in this order. A first pressure oscillator includes a first compression source, a first high pressure supply valve, and a first low pressure supply valve. The regenerator is connected with outlet and inlet ports of the first compression source via the first high pressure supply valve and the first low pressure supply valve, respectively. A second pressure oscillator is provided independently of the first pressure oscillator and has a second compression source, a second high pressure supply valve, and a second low pressure supply valve. The high temperature heat exchanger is connected with outlet and inlet ports of the second compression source via the second high pressure supply valve and the second low pressure supply valve, respectively.

Abstract: There is disclosed novel apparatus for use as beverage container vending machines, beverage dispensers, transportable beverage container dispensers and glass door merchandisers, all cooled by Stirling coolers. The apparatus includes an insulated enclosure and a Stirling cooler having a cold portion. A plate or coil made from a heat-conducting material disposed within the insulated enclosure is connected in heat exchange relationship with the cold portion of the Stirling cooler. Heat transfer fluids, heat pipes and direct contact are different methods used to transfer heat from the plate to the cold portion of the Stirling cooler. The cooled plate or coil is used to cool a container or a fluid that is, in turn, used to cool either a container or a fluid. Methods of chilling containers and fluids are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cryogenic cooling system is configured to control the flow of a heat transfer fluid through a remote thermal load, such as a superconducting magnet or rotor. The cryogenic cooling system includes a refrigerator including a cryogenically cooled surface and a cryogenic fluid transport device disposed within the refrigerator for circulating a heat transfer fluid between the cryogenically cooled surface and the remote thermal load. The cryogenic fluid transport device being positioned within the refrigerator advantageously serves as device for providing the necessary mechanical force necessary to move the heat transfer fluid from the cryogenically cooled surface (e.g., end of a cryocooler) to the remote thermal load. Thus, unlike conventional cooling arrangements the heat transfer fluid does not require a phase change.

Abstract: There is disclosed novel apparatus for use as beverage container vending machines, beverage dispensers, transportable beverage container dispensers and glass door merchandizers, all cooled by Stirling coolers. The apparatus includes an insulated enclosure and a Stirling cooler having a cold portion. A plate or coil made from a heat-conducting material disposed within the insulated enclosure is connected in heat exchange relationship with the cold portion of the Stirling cooler. Heat transfer fluids, heat pipes and direct contact are different methods used to transfer heat from the plate to the cold portion of the Stirling cooler. The cooled plate or coil is used to cool a container or a fluid that is, in turn, used to cool either a container or a fluid. Methods of chilling containers and fluids are also disclosed.

Abstract: A heat engine is constructed from sheet metal and the like. The heat engine has an outer container and inner container which contains a displacer and a power piston. A plurality of positioning members are provided to dimensionally stabilize the inner and outer containers. By providing positioning members that extend between the inner and the outer containers, a sandwiched construction is obtained which allows the inner and outer containers to reinforce each other thus permitting the use of thin walled containers and improving the thermal efficiency of the heat engine and decreasing the weight of the heat engine.

Abstract: A pulse tube, a high temperature end and a low temperature end being defined thereof, has an inner space. A regenerator case defined a high temperature end and a low temperature end. A regenerator includes a cartridge case and a regenerator material filled in the cartridge case. The cartridge case is removably inserted into the regenerator case. A first passage communicates a space in the regenerator on a low temperature end side into which case the regenerator is inserted, with a space in the pulse tube on a low temperature end side. A gas supply unit repeats a supply and a recovery of a working gas. A second passage couples the gas supply unit to a space in the regenerator case on a high temperature end side into which case the regenerator is inserted.

Abstract: A refrigeration system for chilling an enclosure. The system may include a thermal transfer pathway with a cold producing unit and a thermal storage unit connected to the pathway via a number of quick disconnect fittings.

Abstract: A device for heating a first article and cooling a second article. The device may include an enclosure with a hot compartment and a cold compartment. The device also may include a Stirling cooler with a hot end and a cold end. The hot end may be positioned in communication with the hot compartment so as to heat the first article and the cold end may be positioned in communication with the cold compartment so as to cool the second article.

Abstract: A heat regenerative material including AMz, where A is at least one rare earth element selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb; M is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ni and Co; and z is 0.001 to 9.0; the heat regenerative material being formed of particles with an average diameter of 1-2,000 &mgr;m or filaments with an average diameter of 1-2,000 &mgr;m.

Abstract: A system wherein flashoff losses from cryogenic liquid tankage are reduced wherein fluid from the tankage is condensed and subcooled against refrigeration bearing refrigerant fluid generated by an exogenous refrigeration system.

Abstract: A cold accumulating material comprising magnetic substance expressed by the general formula: RCu1−xM1+x  (1) wherein R denotes at least one of rare earth element selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er, Ho, Tm and Yb, M denotes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Al, Ga, In, Ge, Sn, Sb, Si, Bi, Ni, Pd, Pt, Zn, Co, Rh, Ir, Mn, Fe, Ru, Cr, Mo, W, V, Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr and Hf, and wherein Ni and Ge are not simultaneously selected, and x in atomic ratio satisfies a relation: −0.95≧x≧0.90. According to the above structure, there can be provided a cold accumulating material and a refrigerator using the cold accumulating material capable of exhibiting a remarkable and stable refrigerating performance at an extremely low temperature for a long time.

Abstract: This application relates to a heat transfer apparatus and method employing an active regenerative cycle. The invention employs a working or “active” fluid and a heat transfer fluid which are physically separated. The working fluid is contained in an array of refrigeration elements that are distributed over the temperature gradient of a regenerative bed. The work for the refrigeration cycle is provided by alternative compression and expansion of the working fluid in each of the refrigeration elements at a temperature corresponding to the element's location in the temperature gradient. The compression and expansion strokes may be coupled together for optimum work recovery. The heat transfer fluid is circulated relative to the working fluid between a thermal load and a heat sink to enact a refrigeration cycle having improved energy efficiency.

Abstract: A hybrid two-stage cryocooler includes a first-stage Stirling expander having a first-stage interface and a Stirling expander outlet, a thermal-energy storage device in thermal communication with first-stage interface, and a second-stage pulse tube expander with a pulse tube inlet. A gas flow path extends between the Stirling expander outlet and the pulse tube inlet, and a heat exchanger is in thermal contact with the gas flow path. The relative cooling power of the first and second stages may be controlled to increase the cooling power of the second stage relative to the first stage in response to an increased heat load to the second stage. The thermal-energy storage device acts as a thermal buffer during this period, and is later cooled when the relative cooling power is adjusted to increase the cooling power of the first stage.

Abstract: A Stirling cycle cryocooler is disclosed that includes a displacer unit having a cold end and a hot end. The displacer unit includes a cold cylinder housing and a displacer liner disposed on the inner surface of the housing. A displacer assembly lies within the displacer liner and is slidable with respect to the lengthwise axis of the housing. The displacer unit also includes a regenerator unit. A heat acceptor is affixed to the cold end of the displacer unit. The heat acceptor transfers heat from a device such as a High Temperature Superconducting Filter to a gas such as helium located within the displacer unit. The heat acceptor preferably includes a radial component and an annular component. The heat acceptor advantageously decreases the heat transfer resistance between the heat acceptor and the helium gas. The Stirling cycle cryocooler is thus able to operate with reduced input power to achieve a desired lift level.

Abstract: A cryocooler with a regenerator comprising one or more regenerator components, which are ductile and oxidation resistant, including a rare earth metal, an alloy of two or more rare earth metals, an alloy of a rare earth metal with a non-rare earth metal, and an alloy of a rare earth metal with at least one interstitial element.

Abstract: There is disclosed novel apparatus for use as beverage container vending machines, beverage dispensers, transportable beverage container dispensers and glass door merchandisers, all cooled by Stirling coolers. The apparatus includes an insulated enclosure and a Stirling cooler having a cold portion. A plate or coil made from a heat-conducting material disposed within the insulated enclosure is connected in heat exchange relationship with the cold portion of the Stirling cooler. Heat transfer fluids, heat pipes and direct contact are different methods used to transfer heat from the plate to the cold portion of the Stirling cooler. The cooled plate or coil is used to cool a container or a fluid that is, in turn, used to cool either a container or a fluid. Methods of chilling containers and fluids are also disclosed.

Abstract: A regenerative thermo-acoustic energy converter includes a regenerator assembly located within an acoustic resonator room filled with gas, the regenerator assembly includes a regenerator located between a cold heat exchanger and a warm heat exchanger and a non-dissipative bypass circuit filled with gas connected across the regenerator assembly.

Abstract: An improved HTSC filter system design. An improved HTSC filter system comprises a cryocooler and dewar assembly, a heat dissipation assembly and at least one heat pipe providing a thermal coupling between said heat dissipation assembly and said cryocooler and dewar assembly. In a preferred embodiment, the cryocooler and dewar assembly is environmentally sealed within a double-walled aluminum canister, and the heat pipes are formed from stainless steel tubes having a predetermined amount of ammonia provided therein.

Abstract: A multi-type pulse-tube refrigerating system includes a common compressor 1 having a sucking port 1b and a discharging port 1a, a plurality of paralleled pressure changeover valve units 21, 22 and 23 connecting between the sucking port 1b and the discharging port 1a of the compressor 1, and a plurality of pulse-tube based cryogenic temperature generating devices 310, 410 and 510 connected to the respective pressure changeover valve units 21, 22 and 23. Employing such cryogenic temperature generating devices 310, 410 and 510, each of which is void of moving parts, limits vibrations. Moreover, instead of the pressure changeover valve units 21, 22 and 23, employing a common pressure changeover valve unit 24 for the units 21, 22 and 23 makes the refrigerating system more compact.

Abstract: In a pulse tube refrigerator the refrigeration efficiency has been improved by reducing the on-off valve loss. A second space 47 in a cylinder member 41 is connected with a second high pressure on-off valve 23 and a second low pressure on-off valve 24. A buffer side on-off valve 25 is provided between the buffer space (a buffer tank 50) and the second space 47. By opening the buffer side on-off valve 25 before the second high pressure on-off valve 23 or the second low pressure on-off valve 24 is open, the pressure in the second space 47 can be the intermediate pressure. Since the pressure difference when the valves are open is decreased, the on-off valve loss can be decreased.

Abstract: A thermoacoustic driver incorporates a linear electrodynamic motor having electrical terminals and a moving part, a driver suspension housing, a piston, and a stiffness-enhancing device for raising the mechanical resonance frequency of the electrodynamic motor without reducing the piston stroke. The stiffness enhancement is accomplished by the use of specially optimized suspension spring structures and/or by attaching one or more electrical inductors to the electrical terminals of the driver. The stiffness enhancement using mechanical springs incorporates one or more starfish structures extending between the driver suspension housing and the piston and rigidly clamped to both. The starfish structures comprise radially extending legs, which are leaf springs or beams of varying width. The shape of the beams and the shape of the overall spring structure are optimized to enhance flexural or torsional stiffness and relieve arc tension within the constraints of cost-effectiveness.

Abstract: Self-triggering cryogenic heat flow switches are used particularly with cooling systems that require a redundant operation. The self-triggering cryogenic heat flow switch has the simplest possible construction while providing a reliable, maintenance-free mode of operation, and ensures a self-switching connection between a heat sink and an end use device or application that is to be cooled. The heat flow switch includes an outer hollow cylinder 1 that is connected with a heat sink 9, and an inner body 2 that is arranged coaxially to the outer hollow cylinder 1 and connected to the end use device or application to be cooled. When the heat sink 9 is switched off, a concentric annular gap 4 fixed by spacers is provided between the hollow cylinder 1 and the inner body 2.

Abstract: A pulse tube refrigerator includes a compressor, a first high pressure valve connected with the compressor, a first high pressure passage connecting the outlet port of the compressor with the first high pressure valve, a first low pressure valve connected with the compressor, first low pressure passage connecting the inlet port of the compressor with the first low pressure valve, a regenerator connected with the first high pressure valve and the first low pressure valve, a cold head connected with the regenerator, a pulse tube connected with the cold head a second high pressure valve connected with the pulse tube.

Abstract: A cooling device for RF filters and a low noise amplifier is provided. The device supports and effects simultaneous cryogenic cooling of a plurality of radio frequency filters to a first temperature, and of a low-noise amplifier array, electically connected to the filters, to a second higher temperature. The device includes a two-stage refrigerating engine having spaced-apart first stage and second stage gas expansion chambers. The filters are mounted in thermal communication with the second stage gas expansion chamber and the low-noise amplifier array is mounted in thermal communication with the first stage gas expansion chamber.

Abstract: A regenerator comprises a regenerator body and cold accumulating material packed in the regenerator body in which cooling medium gas flows from one end portion of the regenerator body to the other end portion of the regenerator body so as to obtain a lower temperature, wherein at least part of the cold accumulating material is a plate-shaped cold accumulating material having a thickness of 0.03-2 mm. In the above structure, it is preferable that the cold accumulating material is composed of an alloy containing 10 at % or more of rare earth element and that a length of the plate-shaped cold accumulating material in a flowing direction of the cooling medium gas is 1-100 mm.

Abstract: A pulse tube refrigerator which enables holding a cooling temperature without the use of a heater and the like. The pulse tube refrigerator employs a working gas which has a liquefying temperature within the range of an operating temperature of the pulse tube refrigerator.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling an operation of a linear compressor by which an instablel phenomenon caused due to a characteristics deviation of parts of a compressor is corrected to stabilize the operation of the system, thereby accomplishing an optimal operation. Also, when the tuning instability occurs due to the characteristic deviation and the assembly deviation of the mechanic unit of the compressor, and the parts deviation in the control circuit such as the sensorless stroke estimator, the compressor deviation is corrected by using a relative coordinate value. And, while the linear compressor is being operated with the stroke command value according to the cooling mode, in case that the current stroke is in an unstable state, the stroke command value is lowered down as much as a predetermined value, with which the linear compressor is operated for a predetermined time. Then, when a predetermined time lapses, it is operated with the original stroke command value, thereby evading the instablel state.

Abstract: A combination refrigerator and current lead assembly includes a pulse tube having a cold end and a warm end. A first electrical connector is attached to the warm end. A second electrical connector attached to the pulse tube supplies current to a lead, for example, a high temperature superconductor lead. The assembly includes a second pulse tube having an electrical connector attached at its warm end and a second electrical connector for supplying current to a lead. The second electrical connectors are attached to the cold ends of the pulse tube. The pulse tubes are formed from an electrically conductive material. An electrical isolator electrically isolates the pulse tubes from each other. Additional electrical isolators electrically isolate the pulse tubes from a compressor, valve, and regenerators of the system.

Abstract: A high efficiency compressor and heat exchange assembly adapted for utilization in air-conditioning/refrigeration systems. The assembly includes an electromechanical compressor instead of a traditional mechanical compressor, to effect compression and displacement of a working fluid in a thermodynamic cycle. The use of a electromechanical compressor permits employment of the Malone (liquid) thermodynamic cycle which has an intrinsically higher efficiency than the conventional Gifford-McMahon thermodynamic cycle. The assembly incorporates heat exchange disks which enclose a chamber for the working fluid. A densely perforated regenerator is centered in the chamber for absorbing and returning heat to the working fluid during the thermodynamic cycle. Ducts, in fluid communication with the heat exchange disks, define circuits for the flow of heat exchange fluid.

Abstract: A heater head assembly for a multi-cylinder heat engine the stirling engine, such as a multi-cylinder Stirling engine, having a plurality of regenerators and cylinders. Each regenerator has a regenerator manifold and each cylinder has a cylinder manifold. First identical cast heater tubes connect the regenerator manifold to first heater tube openings in a heater head manifold. Second identical cast heater tubes connect second heater tube openings in the heater head manifold to the cylinder manifold. The first and second heater tubes are parallel with respect to each other and form a pair of partial concentric staggered arrays. The heater tubes are rotationally asymmetric, having fin sections with less surface area upstream than downstream and thicknesses which decrease radially away from the central passageways of said heater tubes.

Abstract: There is disclosed a Stirling cycle refrigerator in which oil rising is prevented, and an adverse influence onto oil sealing bellows by a pressure rise accompanying the temperature rise of the crank chamber is prevented. The oil sealing bellows are disposed between a space in a housing and compression and expansion cylinders, and a buffer tank provided with the pressure adjusting bellows is disposed between a space on the back surface side of the compression and expansion pistons and the space in the housing, so that the pressure rise in the housing and the pressure fluctuation of the space are absorbed.

Abstract: A heat-regenerating type cryogenic cooling apparatus 101 includes a cryogenic temperature generating part 10 having a heat regenerator 11; and a pressure generating device 30 connected to the part 10, generating pressure vibration of a working gas therein, and having a compressor 31 with a discharging port 31a and a sucking port 31b, a high-pressure line 32 whose one end is in fluid communication with the discharging port 31a of the compressor 31, a low-pressure line 33 whose one end is in fluid communication with the sucking port 31b of the compressor 31, a high-pressure open/close valve 34 connected to the other end of the line 32, a low-pressure open/close valve 35 connected to the other end of the line 33, a high-pressure side line 36 connecting the valve 34 and the 10, a low-pressure side line 37 connecting the valve 35 and the part 10, and a high-pressure side buffer tank 38 as a high-pressure source connected to the midportion of the line 32.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pulse tube refrigerator comprising a compressor for compressing operating gas while a piston performs a linear reciprocating motion inside of a cylinder by receiving the operating force of an operating motor installed inside of a housing, a after-cooler connected with the compressor, a regenerating unit connected with the after-cooler, a reservoir formed so as to be one-bodied to a pulse tube connected with the regenerating unit or a sealed casing or a housing, a vibration absorbing unit for reducing the vibration occurred by the operation of the operating motor by being fixedly combined to the sealed casing or a sealing member of the housing, the sealing member for improving the efficiency of the vibration absorbing unit combined between the housing and reservoir, and an inertance tube formed so as to surround the outer circumference of the pulse tube and reservoir in order to connect the pulse tube and reservoir.

Abstract: There is disclosed novel apparatus for use as beverage container vending machines, beverage dispensers, transportable beverage container dispensers and glass door merchandisers, all cooled by Stirling coolers. The apparatus includes an insulated enclosure and a Stirling cooler having a cold portion. A plate or coil made from a heat-conducting material disposed within the insulated enclosure is connected in heat exchange relationship with the cold portion of the Stirling cooler. Heat transfer fluids, heat pipes and direct contact are different methods used to transfer heat from the plate to the cold portion of the Stirling cooler. The cooled plate or coil is used to cool a container or a fluid that is, in turn, used to cool either a container or a fluid. Methods of chilling containers and fluids are also disclosed.