Abstract: A manufacturing method for a glass article includes a supply step of supplying a glass raw material onto a surface of a molten glass accommodated in a melting chamber of a glass melting furnace from a supply unit mounted to a front wall of the melting chamber, and a melting step of melting the supplied glass raw material through heating with an electrode immersed in the molten glass in the melting chamber. The method also includes an outflow step of causing the molten glass to flow outside the melting chamber from an outflow port provided at a rear wall of the melting chamber, wherein 60% to 95% of an area of the surface of the molten glass in the melting chamber is covered with the glass raw material supplied in the supply step.

Abstract: An alkali free glass has an average coefficient of thermal expansion at 50 to 350° C. of 30×10?7 to 43×10?7/° C., a Young's modulus of 88 GPa or more, a strain point of 650 to 725° C., a temperature T4 at which a viscosity reaches 104 dPa·s of 1,290° C. or lower, a glass surface devitrification temperature (Tc) of T4+20° C. or lower, and a temperature T2 at which the viscosity reaches 102 dPa·s of 1,680° C. or lower. The alkali free glass contains, as represented by mol % based on oxides, 62 to 67% of SiO2, 12.5 to 16.5% of Al2O3, 0 to 3% of B2O3, 8 to 13% of MgO, 6 to 12% of CaO, 0.5 to 4% of SrO, and 0 to 0.5% of BaO. MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO is 18 to 22%, and MgO/CaO is 0.8 to 1.33.

Abstract: The invention relates to a melt composition for the production of man-made vitreous fibers and man-made vitreous fibers comprising the following oxides, by weight of composition: SiO2 39-43 weight % Al2O3 20-23 weight % TiO2 up to 1.5 weight % Fe2O3 5-9 weight %, preferably 5-8 weight % CaO 8-18 weight % MgO 5-7 weight % Na2O up to 10 weight %, preferably 2-7 weight % K2O up to 10 weight %, preferably 3-7 weight % P2O5 up to 2% MnO up to 2% R2O up to 10 weight % wherein the proportion of Fe(2+) is greater than 80% based on total Fe and is preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95% and most preferably at least 97% based on total Fe.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a production method for a non-alkali glass, containing putting glass raw materials in a melting furnace, heating to a temperature of 1,350 to 1,750° C. to prepare a molten glass, and forming the molten glass into a sheet shape by float method, in which the heating in the melting furnace concurrently utilizes heating by combustion flame of burners and electrical heating of the molten glass by heating electrodes arranged so as to be dipped in the molten glass in the melting furnace, and in which when electrical resistivity at 1,350° C. of the molten glass is represented by Rg (?cm) and electrical resistivity at 1,350° C. of a refractory constituting the melting furnace is represented by Rb (?cm), the glass raw materials and the refractory are selected so as to achieve Rb>Rg.

Abstract: The invention relates to a melt composition for the production of man-made vitreous fibres and man-made vitreous fibres comprising the following oxides, by weight of composition: SiO2 39-43 weight % Al2O3 20-23 weight % TiO2 up to 1.5 weight % Fe2O3 5-9 weight %, preferably 5-8 weight % CaO 8-18 weight % MgO 5-7 weight % Na2O up to 10 weight %, preferably 2-7 weight % K2O up to 10 weight %, preferably 3-7 weight % P2O5 up to 2% MnO up to 2% R2O up to 10 weight % wherein the proportion of Fe(2+) is greater than 80% based on total Fe and is preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95% and most preferably at least 97% based on total Fe.

Abstract: Glass raw material particles are dropped from an oxygen combustion burner 24, and the glass raw material particles are heated by a flame F of an oxygen combustion burner 24 and a thermal plasma P, to melt the particles. Liquid glass particles 30 produced by the melting fall downwardly in a melting tank 12, and fall on a surface of a molten glass liquid G in the melting tank 12. Then, an upper layer G1 of the molten glass liquid G is heated by electrodes 40, 40 of a heating apparatus 38 provided in the melting tank 12. By this method, air and residual gas generated in the molten glass liquid G and the liquid glass particles 30 fallen onto the surface of the molten glass liquid G, become bubbles, surface and are smoothly discharged.

Abstract: A method for melting inorganic materials, preferably glasses and glass-ceramics, in a melting unit with cooled walls is provided. The method includes selecting the temperature of at least one region of the melt is selected in such a way as to be in a range from Teff?20% to Teff+20%, where the temperature Teff is given by the temperature at which the energy consumption per unit weight of the material to be melted is at a minimum, with the throughput having been selected in such a way as to be suitably adapted to the required residence time.

Abstract: In the method and system for producing glass reduction of reduction-sensitive ingredients in the glass is reduced or preferably is avoided during the melting and fining processes. The glass preferably has a high refractive index. During the process an oxidizing agent is inducted into a fining vessel and preferably also into a melt crucible made of a slit skull that is cooled by a cooling agent. The oxidizing agent is preferably oxygen. Furthermore a system for conducting the method is also described.

Abstract: Glass is mass-produced with a glass melting furnace comprising a melting tank, at least a wall surface in contact with molten glass thereof being made of refractory material, at least one pair of electrodes placed so as to be in contact with the molten glass held in the melting tank for ohmically heating the molten glass held in the melting tank; and at least one metallic member, at least a surface of which is made of metal and placed so as to be substantially always in contact with the molten glass held in the melting tank. Every metallic member is, when the melting tank is filled with the molten glass, placed so as to be substantially always outside an electric current flowing region which is formed by the electrodes into the molten glass held in the melting tank.

Abstract: Glass is mass-produced with a glass melting furnace comprising a melting tank, at least a wall surface in contact with molten glass thereof being made of refractory material, at least one pair of electrodes placed so as to be in contact with the molten glass held in the melting tank for ohmically heating the molten glass held in the melting tank; and at least one metallic member, at least a surface of which is made of metal and placed so as to be substantially always in contact with the molten glass held in the melting tank. Every metallic member is, when the melting tank is filled with the molten glass, placed so as to be substantially always outside an electric current flowing region which is formed by the electrodes into the molten glass held in the melting tank.

Abstract: The invention relates to a meltdown device for the production of high-UV transmittive glass types, comprising a meltdown tank for a melt bath a feed opening for the supplying or laying-in of highly pure raw material for the melt bath a draw-off opening for the drawing-off of material melted in the melt tank a cover arranged above the melt tank, in which the infeed opening to the melt tank is arranged above the melt bath in the region of the cover the draw-off opening is arranged in the zone of the bottom of the melt tank a heating arrangement. The heating arrangement comprises heating elements, in particular electrodes that are arranged on the melt tank in the zone of the melt bath, as well as an agitating arrangement for stirring of the melt bath and uniform intermixing and sub-mixing into the melt of material from the mixture lying on the melt surface.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process and a device from the production of molten glass. According to the invention, measures will be taken to lead the current of the molten glass through the tank furnace so that cutoffs of the glass current between the surface of the glass bath, on the one hand, and the outlet opening on the other hand are avoided and a an equal holding period of all melt particles in the tank furnace is achieved.

Abstract: In the method of making glass a glass melt is formed from starting materials in a melt apparatus, which includes at least one metal part having a metal surface in contact with the glass melt in a first region of the glass melt having a predetermined oxygen partial pressure. This method includes suppressing oxygen bubble formation in the glass melt at a contacting surface between the metal surface and the glass melt; immersing an electrode in a second region of the glass melt not including the first region, which has a lower oxygen partial pressure than in the first region, and electrically conductively connecting the electrode and the at least one metal part. An apparatus for performing the method is also described as well as glasses made by the method.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an all-electric glass-melting deep furnace and a method of refining and supplying glass in which high-quality molten glass can be efficiently produced in large quantity at high heat efficiency. An all-electric glass-melting deep furnace 20 has a bottom 2 and a side wall 4 constructed by piling up fireproof bricks 3 on the perimeter of the bottom 2. A height H of the side wall 4 is set to be twice or more than twice as long as an inside dimension D of the bottom 2 of the furnace. Since the furnace 20 is deep, there can be achieved a thick batch layer, a space in which glass is melted at high temperature, and a cooling area which is necessary to refine molten glass. The method of the present invention makes it possible to remove seeds which are generated when glass raw material are melted.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for suppressing the formation of oxygen gas bubbles at the contact interface between a glass melt and a component of a glass melting arrangement with this component being made of a precious metal. This component is especially the precious metal lining of a feed channel. The characterization “precious metal” includes in this context: platinum, gold, rhenium, all other metals of the platinum group, the alloys of the above-mentioned metals and the above-mentioned metals and alloys in dispersion oxide enhanced form. The occurrence of gas bubbles at the phase boundary between precious metal and the glass melt has been known for some time without effective measures having been suggested up until now to improve significantly the quality and yield of the generated glass products, particularly because precious metal parts have to be arranged in the glass manufacture downstream of the usual purification devices with which gas bubbles can be removed from the melt.

Abstract: According to the invention, measures will be taken to lead the current of the molten glass through the tank furnace so that cutoffs of the glass current between the surface of the glass bath, on the one hand, and the outlet opening on the other hand are avoided and a an equal holding period of all melt particles in the tank furnace is achieved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a meltdown device for the production of high-UV transmittive glass types, comprising

Abstract: This apparatus is a furnace for heating molten material which employs oxygen-fuel burner assemblies. Preferably, the assemblies are submerged in the molten material. They are water cooled top down units with burner nozzles being off-set from the supply column. The apparatus utilizes one or more burners for each top down supply column. The supply column and attached burners can be rotated or moved in a manner to avoid the open chimney effect seen with fixed air-fuel burners of the prior art. These burners with an off-set nozzle like the letter L are rotated at high speed or oscillated to distribute the combustion in the form of gas bubbles or a gas curtain. In another embodiment, the oxy-fuel burners are not submerged. The nozzles are aimed at unmelted batch or the upper surface of the molten material for controlled splashing.

Abstract: In the method of making glass a glass melt is formed from starting materials in a melt apparatus, which includes at least one metal part having a metal surface in contact with the glass melt in a first region of the glass melt having a predetermined oxygen partial pressure. This method includes suppressing oxygen bubble formation in the glass melt at a contacting surface between the metal surface and the glass melt; immersing an electrode in a second region of the glass melt not including the first region, which has a lower oxygen partial pressure than in the first region, and electrically conductively connecting the electrode and the at least one metal part. An apparatus for performing the method is also described as well as glasses made by the method.

Abstract: In a glass melter, a precious metal insert is used to protect a gas bubbler from corrosion at the orifice of the bubbler through which gas is injected into the melt. The use of a precious refractory metal insert at the bubbler orifice prevents the attack of molten glass on the bubbler. The precious metal is chosen from the refractory group of metals and the platinum group of metals. Preferably the precious metal from the platinum group is platinum or one of its alloys or one of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium and iridium. The precious metal from the refractory group is preferably chromium.