Abstract: There is a molding assembly that comprises a jaw holding assembly having a base member that is joined to a workpiece locating member. The workpiece locating member is joined to a riser member, and a rail is mounted on the riser member and a carriage is supported on the rail. The molding assembly includes a jaw holder that is mounted on the carriage, and the jaw holder supports first and second forming dies, and each has an internal rib that abut one another when the first and second dies are brought together. Together the dies form an elliptical rib having an elliptical shaped curved surface. A workpiece having an O-ring recess and parting line protrusions is positioned between the first and second forming dies, and the dies are heated and melt the parting line protrusions. An O-ring is disposed in the O-ring recess to form a leak proof seal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for bonding refractory substrates, such as zircon substrates, without the use of a bonding agent. Exemplary methods include (a) providing a plurality of refractory components, each component having at least one surface to be bonded, (b) polishing each surface to be bonded to a surface roughness (Ra) of 200 nm or finer, (c) contacting the surfaces to be bonded to form an unbonded refractory substrate, (d) firing the unbonded refractory substrate, and (e) subjecting the surfaces to be bonded to a compressive force during firing. Methods for making refractory forming bodies are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A mold of a glassware forming machine has a longitudinal plane of symmetry, and two half-molds movable between a closed position and an open extraction position by a powered mold opening/closing device, which has a fixed fastening and supporting structure, two mold-holders, and, for each mold-holder, a respective supporting and actuating arm hinged to the relative mold-holder to rotate about a movable hinge axis, and to the fixed structure to rotate about a fixed hinge axis; the fixed hinge axes being located on opposite sides of the plane of symmetry, and at such a distance from the plane of symmetry that, when the half-molds are in the closed position, the line intersecting the fixed axis and movable axis of each arm extends substantially parallel to the plane of symmetry.

Abstract: The invention relates to an installation that is used to perform operations for forming glass or crystal pieces (21), comprising: at least one drive wheel and at least one idler wheel (3); a support element which is driven by the drive wheel; main mandrels (7) which are supported by the support element and which, in turn, each support a first end of a glass or crystal piece (21); and work stations. According to the invention, at least one wheel takes the form of a carousel (2) which comprises secondary mandrels (8), numbering fewer than the main mandrels (7), and which co-operates with the moving support element. Each secondary mandrel (8) opposes a main mandrel (7) along a common axis (23) and supports the second end of the glass or crystal piece.

Abstract: A glassware manufacturing method and machine, whereby the inner surfaces of the molds of the various forming sections of the machine are treated using a common processing member, and the exhaust substances produced by the treatment are aspirated simultaneously with or at a predetermined time during the treatment by a suction device having at least one suction hood associated with the processing member.

Abstract: a method and to an apparatus for producing optical glass elements, in particular for producing what is referred to as low-cost optics for focusing light onto small areas, for example, for photovoltaic applications or optical couplers. The method for producing the optical glass elements includes: providing a glass rod having a selected cross-section, heating the glass rod such that it can be deformed in at least some sections, molding at least one optical glass element from the deformable section using a molding tool, separating the optical glass element from the glass rod at the connection, arranging a plurality of separated optical glass elements to form a group, and grinding and/or polishing at least one section of the separating surfaces of the grouped optical glass elements. The invention makes it possible to produce optical glass elements that meet low quality requirements in high quantities and with high output at low cost.

Abstract: A blank mold for an I. S. Machine is made up of a pair of opposed engaged blanks. When closed, these blanks have a top surface with an opening. The blanks have an inner surface defining the side wall of a parison which extends upwardly to a position a defined distance below the top surface of the blanks and a continuous, beveled surface connecting the top of the inner surface defining the side wall of the parison and the top opening of the blanks. A pair of funnels, each having a continuous beveled surface extending from a circular horizontally disposed top opening downwardly to smaller centrally located bottom opening, are interfit with the top of the blanks with the top opening of the blanks and the bottom opening of the funnel being coextensive.

Abstract: Apparatus for opening and closing mold arms in a glassware forming machine includes a gearbox for mounting on a glassware machine frame, a cylinder housing suspended beneath the gearbox, and a mold open/close cylinder disposed within the cylinder housing. The cylinder has a mold open/close piston with an extending piston rod and a gear rack machined or otherwise formed in the piston rod. A first drive gear in the cylinder housing is coupled to the gear rack and a drive shaft extends from the first drive gear and the cylinder housing into the gearbox. A second drive gear is disposed in the gearbox and coupled to the drive shaft. Laterally spaced operating shafts extend upwardly from within the gearbox. Means including an idler gear couple the second drive gear to the operating shafts such that the operating shafts are rotated simultaneously in opposite directions by the cylinder, the gear rack, the first and second drive gears and the idler gear.

Abstract: A glassware forming machine baffle arm assembly that includes a quick-connect/disconnect arrangement mounting a baffle manifold on a baffle arm. The arrangement includes a baffle arm having an aperture, and a baffle manifold having a segment extending through said aperture and permitting rotation of said baffle manifold with respect to said baffle arm. The arrangement also includes a threadless nut, and a bayonet connection between said threadless nut and said baffle manifold segment.

Abstract: In a glassware molding machine, the half-molds of a mold are moved between an open position and a closed position and cooled by an actuating and cooling assembly having a fixed supporting structure and, for each half-mold, a respective supporting and actuating arm fitted to the relative half-mold and hinged to the fixed supporting structure to rotate about a fixed hinge axis; each supporting arm internally defining a chamber communicating with a ring of cooling conduits formed through the half-molds, and the chamber having an inlet formed through an outer lateral wall of the supporting arm to receive cooling air from a compressed-air tank of the machine.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for refining and delivering a supply of molten glass include melting a supply of glass in a melter and discharging a stream of molten glass. A refining section is provided to refine the molten glass discharged by the melter and to deliver the molten glass downstream to a glass forming apparatus. The refining section is mounted for movement into and out of contact with the stream of molten glass to connect and disconnect the glass forming apparatus with the stream of molten glass.

Abstract: A vacuum degassing apparatus having a throughput of at least 200 tons/day without causing problems such as a stagnation of molten glass flow in the molten glass flow path, an increment of flow rate of the molten glass flow in a local area, an excessive increment of pressure loss of the molten glass flow. A vacuum degassing apparatus comprises a vacuum degassing vessel, and an uprising pipe and a downfalling pipe which are connected with the vacuum degassing vessel, wherein the vacuum degassing vessel includes a wide portion for providing a molten glass flow path, and in the wide portion, the proportion W1/L1 of the breadth of molten glass flow path W1 to the length of molten glass flow path L1 is at least 0.

Abstract: In the apparatus for producing glass reduction of reduction-sensitive components in the glass melt is reduced or preferably is prevented during the melting and/or fining processes by introducing an oxidizing agent into the glass melt. The apparatus has a melt crucible, a fining vessel, and a device for conducting oxygen and/or ozone into the glass melt in the melt crucible and/or fining vessel, in order to suppress reduction of reduction-sensitive components of the glass melt. A preferred embodiment of the apparatus has a metallic skull crucible, which includes the melt crucible and/or the fining vessel. The apparatus preferably includes a homogenization unit connected to the fining vessel to receive glass melt from the fining vessel in order to further process the glass melt after refining.

Abstract: A method and a machine for the production of hollow glassware articles, by the blow-and-blow, press-and-blow, press-and-blow paste mold and direct-press processes in a glassware forming machine including single or multiple machine sections each having single or multiple-cavity, comprising: forming a parison in an inverted orientation, into a blank mold and a first transferable and open-able neck ring mold held by an inverting apparatus having a first and a second diametrically opposed arms, each arm holding a transferable and open-able neck ring mold; inverting the parison held by the first transferable and open-able neck ring mold, by rotating the first arm 180° to an upright orientation at an intermediate station, while the second arm with a second transferable and open-able neck ring mold is simultaneously placed at the parison forming station; is transferring the first transferable and open-able neck ring mold holding the parison in an upright orientation, from the intermediate station, to a blow mold sta

Abstract: The invention relates to a chemical process for obtaining glass with a total or partial satin/matte finish, comprising immersion in an acid solution, for the simultaneous and continuous production of one or more parts and/or sheets of glass having standard, special or variable dimensions, thicknesses, colours, uses and applications. The inventive process can be used to obtain glass with a total or partial satin/matte finish in a simultaneous and continuous manner either on one or both sides of the glass (atmospheric side and tinned side) or of several glass sheets and/or parts at the same time, with different thicknesses, measurements, colours, uses, specifications and characteristics, said process being performed simultaneously by means of immersion. According to the invention, containers of glass sheets are immersed in containers of chemical solutions using a variable-speed transport immersion crane.

Abstract: Apparatus for opening and closing mold arms in a glassware forming machine includes a gearbox for mounting on a glassware machine frame, a cylinder housing suspended beneath the gearbox, and a mold open/close cylinder disposed within the cylinder housing. The cylinder has a mold open/close piston with an extending piston rod and a gear rack machined or otherwise formed in the piston rod. A first drive gear in the cylinder housing is coupled to the gear rack and a drive shaft extends from the first drive gear and the cylinder housing into the gearbox. A second drive gear is disposed in the gearbox and coupled to the drive shaft. Laterally spaced operating shafts extend upwardly from within the gearbox. Means including an idler gear couple the second drive gear to the operating shafts such that the operating shafts are rotated simultaneously in opposite directions by the cylinder, the gear rack, the first and second drive gears and the idler gear.

Abstract: A glass forming system includes a first rotating device disposed in a first processing station defining a reception region, a first heating region, a first transfer region and a first cooling region, and a second rotating device disposed in a second processing station defining a second transfer region, a second heating region, a forming region and a second cooling region. The second rotating device holds at least one forming unit and is turnable to move the forming unit between the regions of the second processing station. The first rotating device holds at least one sleeve member which is movable between the first and second rotating devices and mountable on the forming unit. The first rotating device is turnable to move the sleeve member between the regions of the second processing station.

Abstract: A continuous glass forming system includes a forming room and at least one forming unit which is advanced successively through a first loading/unloading station, a first heating station, a first forming station, and a first cooling station which are provided within the forming room. The forming unit includes lower and upper mold units, and a sleeve member removably assembled between the lower and upper mold units. The lower and upper mold units have respective first and second forming faces to form a glass blank into a lens. The sleeve member has support faces to support respectively the glass blank and lens. A transfer device moves into or out of the forming room to load or unload the sleeve member into or from the forming unit.

Abstract: A neck ring guide for aligning neck ring sections in a glassware forming machine has a center body and a pair of spaced parallel runners coupled to the center body for receipt in guide slots in the neck ring sections. Keepers on the outboard sides of the runners retain the runners in the guide slots. Instead of keepers, the runners may be retained in the guide slots by roll pins on the neck ring sections engaged in retainer slots in the runners.

Abstract: A mold is disclosed which has a vertical front face having a glass object surface defined therein and a stepped vertical rear surface. The upper portion of the rear surface projects outwardly from the lower portion of the rear surface. The lower rear surface includes the top surface of two vertically spaced pairs of “T”s.

Abstract: A method of reducing accelerated metal loss from the inner refractory metal of a component of a glass making system. The method utilizes a sacrificial metal member which saturates free volume regions surrounding the component with an oxide vapor of the sacrificial metal member.

Abstract: The device (1) comprises a transfer mechanism (7) which is attached to the free ends of two parallel piston rods (13, 14). The associated piston-cylinder units (15, 16) are attached to a support structure (17) and can be pivoted therewith in a reciprocating manner about a vertical axis (18) by an angle of approximately 105° between a dead plate (3) and a conveyor belt (5). Compressed air nozzles (11) for the purpose of producing negative pressure in corners (10) of the transfer mechanism (7) are supplied with compressed air from a first advance chamber (22) by way of a supply duct (12) of the transfer mechanism (7) and one (13) of the piston rods and the associated piston (21). This is performed by way of a first directional control valve (29) from a first compressed air source (31) of relatively low pressure.

Abstract: An I.S. machine has a blankmold which is open at the top and includes inner and outer annular top sealing surfaces. Associated with the blankmold is a baffle including a body having a cup shaped portion closed with a vertical cylindrical bore open at the bottom, an annular bottom sealing surface for sealingly engaging the blankmold outer annular top sealing surface, and a top having a hole. A tubular sleeve communicates with the hole and extends vertically upwardly from the top of the body. A piston has a cylindrical head including a top surface, a cylindrical sealing surface and an annular bottom sealing surface having a plurality of radial notch means across the bottom thereof. A tubular rod extends vertically upwardly from the top surface for slidable displacement in the tubular sleeve, and a collar is secured to the top of the rod.

Abstract: An optical device capable of optically coupling an optical element to be mounted to an optical waveguide circuit with low transmission losses is provided. On a base (20) provided with a substrate (1), a positioning pattern (15) made of a Pt film, a high melting point material having a melting point higher than a temperature of consolidating glass, is formed. Then, glass layers are formed by depositing glass particles by flame hydrolysis deposition and consolidating the deposited glass particles. The glass layers cover the top of the positioning pattern (15) and the base (20). The glass layers on the top and the periphery of the positioning pattern (15) are removed to expose the positioning pattern (15) and the base (20) therearound. The exposed area is to be a optical element mounting face 4. The positioning pattern (15) allows a light receiving device (8) to be positioned and fixed on the optical element mounting face 4 accurately.

Abstract: A device and process for forming hollow glassware comprising producing solid glass blanks in a manufacturing line, storing the blanks, feeding the blanks to a manufacturing line for forming hollow glassware, preheating the blanks during the feeding step, supplying the preheated blanks to a heating stage, heating to form solid plastically deformable glass globs, transferring the glass gobs to a blow molding stage and blow molding the glass gobs supported by a bottom lifter in a blow mold.

Abstract: An I.S. machine has a blankmold which is open at the top and includes inner and outer annular top sealing surfaces. Associated with the blankmold is a baffle including a body having a cup shaped portion closed with a vertical cylindrical bore open at the bottom, an annular bottom sealing surface for sealingly engaging the blankmold outer annular top sealing surface, and a top having a hole. A tubular sleeve communicates with the hole and extends vertically upwardly from the top of the body. A piston has a cylindrical head including a top surface, a cylindrical sealing surface and an annular bottom sealing surface having a plurality of radial notch means across the bottom thereof. A tubular rod extends vertically upwardly from the top surface for slidable displacement in the tubular sleeve, and a collar is secured to the top of the rod.

Abstract: A mold having a pivoting slide. The mold is made of two shells. An element is rotationally mounted on one of the shells with a part of the element coinciding with the internal cavity of the mold. The element is closed by the second shell which has bearing surface which acts on the element. The mold may be used for glassware products.

Abstract: An H-28 machine has a plurality of identical sections each processing a gob of molten glass into a parison and then into a piece of ware each complete revolution of the section. Each section includes a blank mold displaceable between a parison forming position and a retracted position by blank mold down air.Each section also includes a plunger which is displaceable from an elevated position down to the parison forming position and a neck ring assembly which includes an air motor. Finally the section also includes a blow mold displaceable from a remote position to a closed position. The air motor is operated from the time that the blank mold begins its displacement from the parison forming position to the retracted position by a valve which connects blank mold down air to the air motor.

Abstract: An I.S. machine has a blankmold which is open at the top and includes inner and outer annular top sealing surfaces. Associated with the blankmold is a cup shaped baffle having an annular bottom sealing surface. A tubular sleeve extends vertically upwardly from the top of the body. A piston has a cylindrical head including a top surface, a cylindrical sealing surface and an annular bottom sealing surface having a plurality of radial notch means across the bottom thereof. A tubular rod extends vertically upwardly from the top surface for slidable displacement in the tubular sleeve. The collar is displaced vertically downwardly to bring the cup shaped portion annular surface into sealing engagement with the blankmold.

Abstract: An I.S. machine comprises a plurality of individual sections arranged in side by side relation. Each section has a section frame having a top wall having a front and a back and opposed sides on which is mounted a blank station including a mold opening and closing mechanism for forming a parison from a gob of molten glass, a blow station including a mold opening and closing mechanism for forming a parison into a bottle, and an invert and neck ring holder mechanism supported which is located between the mold opening and closing mechanisms for transferring a parison therebetween. The machine also has a baffle mechanism includinga blowhead carrier, a motor having an output, a transmission for transmitting the output of the motor to the blowhead carrier to displace the carrier, a housing for housing the transmission. The housing is secured on the top wall proximate the front thereof.

Abstract: A plunger mechanism has a plunger canister module to be mounted on the top wall of a section frame of an I.S. machine. The module includes one, two, three or four plunger canisters each having a vertically extending cylinder having a locating diameter at the top and a mounting flange secured to the top of the vertically extending cylinder. The module also includes a horizontal mounting plate adapted to be mounted on the top wall of the section having a top surface and a number of holes, corresponding to the number of plunger canisters, extending vertically therethrough for matingly receiving the locating diameter of each of the plunger canisters.

Abstract: An I.S. machine is disclosed which has a plurality of individual sections arranged side by side. Each section has a section box for supporting a blank mold opening and closing mechanism and a blow mold opening and closing mechanism. These section boxes are supported on a bed which has a top wall underlying the section boxes. A passages are provided through the bed, beneath the top wall of the bed, from one side to the other side of said I.S. machine and these passages slidably receive a plurality of adjacent fluid ducts. The top wall of the bed further includes openings for exposing each fluid duct within each section so that fluid connections can be established from these fluid ducts through the openings in the top wall of bed.

Abstract: An I.S. machine is disclosed which has a plurality of individual sections arranged side by side. Each section has a section box for supporting a blank mold opening and closing mechanism and a blow mold opening and closing mechanism. These section boxes are supported on a bed which has a top wall underlying the section boxes. Passages are provided through the bed, beneath the top wall of the bed, from one side to the other side of said I.S. machine and these passages slidably receive a plurality of adjacent fluid ducts which are releasably clamped to the bed.

Abstract: A process and a device for reheating gobs of glass by means of a reheating drum are characterized by the fact that the heat-insulating lining of the reheating drum has a low heat-penetration factor, and an energy-rich combustion-gas mixture is used. In this way, the inner surface of the lining is heated to a temperature of at least roughly 1500.degree. C. The short-wave radiant heat on the surface of the lining shortens the heating cycle and thus allows discontinuous operation with corresponding energy savings.

Abstract: Multiple fold, single tube glass vessels, as well as a process and device for producing multiple fold, single tube glass vessels. An even number of parallel glass tubes open at both ends are assembled under the influence of heat into a multiple fold, single tube glass vessel that is characterized by an essentially constant wall thickness and by an essentially constant inside diameter. The object of the invention is to produce multiple fold, single tube glass vessels suitable in particular as discharge vessels for compact lamps.

Abstract: An operating mechanism for a glassware forming machine is located on a horizontal table of the machine. A locating sleeve is secured to a lower face of the table and serves to determine the vertical alignment of the operating mechanism while a clamping device determines the vertical location of the mechanism.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing practically stria-free, bubble-free, and homogeneous quartz-glass plates of any desired configuration and with a surface area that exceeds the cross-section of the full circular quartz-glass cylinder that is employed as a starting material. The cylinder is continuously lowered into a furnace shell flooded with an inert gas, in which it is heated to a flowing temperature in the range of 1700.degree. to 1900.degree. C. until some of the quartz-glass flows off into a graphite crucible. The crucible is preferably clad with zirconium-oxide.

Abstract: A mould opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing three moulds simultaneously. Moving means (18, 20) operable to move mould portions (12) is connected to the mould portions (12) via a system of links which serves to equalize the mould closing pressures of the three moulds. The system of links comprises a link (34) centrally connected to the moving means (18, 20) which equalizes the pressure between one mould and a further link (46) and the further link (46) equalizes the pressure between the other two moulds.

Abstract: A parison mold and baffle system for an automatic molding machine of I-S type includes a two piece split parison mold with an integral funnel. A combined blow-down and baffle member cooperates with the mold in a first position to perform the blow-down function and then in a second position acts as the bottle bottom end of the mold during the blow-back final shaping of the parison.

Abstract: A method for casting parts of fused ceramic material, from a bath of oxides maintained in the liquid state in a furnace and permanently covered by a layer of powdery batch material are disclosed. The method comprises the following steps:(a) connecting the mold internal cavity, through its lower part, to a downwardly directed feed duct,(b) dipping the lower end of said duct in the liquid bath,(c) establishing in the mold a vacuum causing the bath liquid to rise in the duct and in the mold,(d) allowing the product to solidify in the duct;(e) lifting the mold, together with the duct, and transporting the same apart from the furnace,(f) allowing complete solidification of the product in the mold.Preferably material is removed on a limited area of the bath surface by being swept away with a downwardly directed gas jet, for instance flowing through the feed duct is then lowered through this area free of powdery material into said liquid bath.

Abstract: The present invention was developed to provide an improved process for retaining the substantially pristine state of glass articles, particularly thin-walled, lightweight glass containers.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an improved construction for a ten-section IS glass forming machine which incorporates on and in the machine frame, all of the control valving and piping necessary to operate all of the sections of the machine according to any selected one of a plurality of different types of processes, resulting in a significant decrease in the proliferation of pipes and valves that were previously required to be added to, and then removed from, the machine as the machine operation was changed from one type of forming process to another. The apparatus of this invention further applies individual controls for effecting the cooling of each parison mold cavity and each blow mold cavity of each multi-cavity section of the machine.

Abstract: In the production of a glass vessel (such as a goblet) comprising a receptacle part (e.g. a goblet bowl) and a stand part (e.g. a stem with a base plate), the receptacle part is formed by pressing in successive moulds carried by a rotary table and the stand part is formed by injection moulding, being simultaneously united to the receptacle part. In carrying the invention into effect the mould for the receptacle part is charged from a feeder in free drop fall; the table is then rotated to bring the pressed receptacle part into register with an injection mould for the stand part, and an injection device, of which the injection mould forms part, is charged from the same feeder by way of a drop guide channel.

Abstract: Each station has a push-off unit which transfers glass articles produced at such station onto a common outfeed conveyor. Each push-off unit comprises a cylinder-piston unit mounted for swinging movement on a vertical swing shaft, the piston thereof carrying a push-off arm. The push-off arm extends and engages the articles to be transferred, the cylinder swings towards the belt transferring the article, and the push-off arm retracts and the cylinder swings back. The push-off units of the plural stations are activated sequentially, in correspondence to the sequence in which glass gobs are fed into the respective machine stations. Plural electric motors are provided, one per station, and the swing motion of the push-off unit is generated by the respective electric motor. The rotation of each electric motor is controllable, by open- or closed-loop control, independently of the other electric motors. The operator selects the sequence in which the electric motors are to be activated.

Abstract: A decorative pattern is formed on the inner surface of the blow molded glass article by imprinting the pattern on the surface of the glass gob by means of a die having the pattern formed thereon and subsequently blow molding against the imprinted surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a machine for making containers from glass tubes, with several chucks circulating through a succession of processing stations, each chuck having jaws to grip a glass tube or container, and with the chucks being brought successively to a position in which they are superposed above a stationary supporting plate at at least one processing station, this plate being for limiting downward movement of the length of tube which falls downwards through the chuck, wherein the chucks move up and down on at least one circulating column, the processing station which has the supporting plate being equipped with a senser which triggers a releasing device which releases the chuck which has reached this station, so that it moves downwards, the senser responding to the absence of a tube above the upper surface of the jaws of the chuck by initiating downward movement of the chuck.

Abstract: In glassware forming apparatus the reciprocation of a transfer carriage between two operating positions is effected by a cylinder and piston device in which the traverse of the piston is progressively cushioned at the ends of the piston stroke. Members, which are slidably mounted in the piston and protrude from it, close exhaust outlets in an end wall of the cylinder when the piston is at different predetermined distances from the end wall, and these members are positioned in the piston by the action of the end wall for similarly co-operating with corresponding exhaust outlets in the opposite end wall of the cylinder.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for bending and tempering a relatively thin glass sheet comprising heating the glass sheet to its softening point in a heating chamber, rapidly conveying the sheet from the heating chamber to and between a pair of mold press members for immediate press shaping therebetween, and then quickly chilling the sheets below the annealing temperature range of the glass in a two-stage operation by applying a cooling medium successively under relatively high and low pressures to the opposite surfaces of the sheet.